EP0308906A1 - Regalbedienungsgerät - Google Patents

Regalbedienungsgerät Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0308906A1
EP0308906A1 EP19880115507 EP88115507A EP0308906A1 EP 0308906 A1 EP0308906 A1 EP 0308906A1 EP 19880115507 EP19880115507 EP 19880115507 EP 88115507 A EP88115507 A EP 88115507A EP 0308906 A1 EP0308906 A1 EP 0308906A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fork
carriage
shaft
drive crank
pivot shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19880115507
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rudolf Hansen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0308906A1 publication Critical patent/EP0308906A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66FHOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/12Platforms; Forks; Other load supporting or gripping members
    • B66F9/14Platforms; Forks; Other load supporting or gripping members laterally movable, e.g. swingable, for slewing or transverse movements
    • B66F9/147Whole unit including fork support moves relative to mast

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a rack operating device, such as an industrial truck in the form of a high-bay stacker.
  • the present invention relates to a storage and retrieval unit with a fork carriage in the form of a swivel-pushing device, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such storage and retrieval machines are used in particular in high-bay warehouses and are characterized in that the lifting fork mounted on the fork carriage is displaceable transversely to the direction of travel of the storage and retrieval machine and, at the same time, can be pivoted about a vertical axis.
  • the lifting fork mounted on the fork carriage is displaceable transversely to the direction of travel of the storage and retrieval machine and, at the same time, can be pivoted about a vertical axis.
  • the aisle widths in high-bay warehouses are reduced to a minimum in order to preserve as much storage space as possible.
  • the width of the rack aisle is only slightly larger than the width of the rack operating device, so that the pivoting of the lifting fork by 180 ° from one aisle side to the other requires great concentration and care from the driver of the rack operating device.
  • the drives for the pivoting movement of the lifting fork about their vertical axis and for the transverse displacement of the lifting forks transversely to the direction of travel of the storage and retrieval device are designed separately and they must also be controlled separately.
  • telescopic forks in which the lifting forks can be telescopically extended in both directions transversely to the direction of travel of the rack operating device. Since no rotary movement of the lifting fork is required in this case, telescopic forks of this type can be stacked in and out on both sides of the rack aisle very quickly and also safely for already stacked goods.
  • the load cannot be picked up or set down directly from the floor, neither in the aisle nor outside the aisle. It is therefore necessary to provide the bottom row of shelves with shelves and to equip the individual rows of shelves at the beginning or end with transfer stations in order to obtain the required height for a telescopic fork for the load.
  • the US-PS 3,786,952 shows a fork carriage for a rack operating device, in which the lifting forks are simultaneously pivoted through 180 ° at right angles to the direction of travel of the rack operating device, with the two prongs of the lifting fork sliding over one another after a pivoting path of approximately 90 °.
  • the lifting fork cannot be swiveled from one side of the shelf to the other with a raised load due to the parallelogram-like rotary movement of the fork tines.
  • a shelf operating device with a transversely displaceable fork carriage in which the pushing movement of the fork carriage is generated by means of a drive crank which can be pivoted about a horizontal shaft.
  • the drive of the side-slide carriage of the fork carriage by means of the drive crank enables a sinusoidal course of movement of the side-slide carriage, so that the goods to be moved are started and braked smoothly and thus on the one hand no end position dampers are necessary for the side-slide carriage and on the other hand the disadvantageous lateral movement, particularly in the case of very high-reaching rack operating devices Nodding of the mast is prevented.
  • the lifting forks can be rotated through 180 ° in a horizontal plane, but the rotation is not carried out by a drive, but rather must be carried out by hand.
  • the side slide carriage is driven by a drive crank, as is known per se from DE-AS 1 000 287, but the Shaft, around which the drive crank rotates, is mounted in the push carriage and the pivoting end of the crank is guided in a vertical link.
  • a vertical swivel shaft for the fork carriage is rotatably mounted on the push slide and a gear and a coupling are arranged between the shaft of the drive crank and the swivel shaft of the fork carriage, the coupling in its engagement position drivingly connecting the swivel shaft to the shaft of the drive crank and in its disengaging position
  • the swivel shaft of the fork support is fixed in a rotationally fixed manner with respect to the swivel push slide.
  • the transmission converts the swivel movement of the drive crank required to achieve the full lateral thrust into a rotary movement of the swivel shaft of the fork support that extends over 180 °, and the angular speed of the shaft of the drive crank is synchronized with the angular speed of the swivel shaft of the fork support in such a way that the swivel movement of the Fork support an unnecessarily large lateral pivoting movement of the fork tips is avoided.
  • the drive crank for the side thrust carriage results in a sinusoidal speed profile for the linear movement of the side thrust carriage, while at the same time, by guiding the pivoting end of the crank in the vertical link, a rotary movement is applied to the shaft of the drive crank, which is transmitted via the gearbox and the clutch to the
  • the pivot shaft for the fork carriage is transmitted in such a way that the fork carriage carries out a rotary movement in synchronism with the linear movement of the side sliding carriage.
  • the linear movement of the side slide and the rotary movement of the fork carriage are synchronized with each other in such a way that when the fork carriage rotates, the fork tips, for example, can never swing beyond the stack floor plan from the left side of the aisle to the right side of the aisle and there is therefore no risk that Stacked goods are damaged by the fork tips. It is essential here that both the linear movement of the sideshift and the rotary movement of the fork carriage are generated by a single drive means, for example an electric or hydraulic motor, and no separate drive means for sideshift and fork carriage are required.
  • the pivoting movement of the drive crank takes place in a range of approximately 180 °, the pivoting end of the crank being guided in a straight line in the vertical link.
  • the transmission is arranged above the bearing of the pivot shaft for the fork support of the lifting fork on the push slide.
  • the transmission is located in an essentially force-free zone and can be dimensioned to be correspondingly compact.
  • the gear is formed by a bevel gear pair, so that inexpensive standard components can be used to form the gear.
  • the clutch is located between the gear and the bearing of the pivot shaft of the fork support, so that the transmission is not subjected to any torque.
  • the coupling has a non-rotatably arranged on the pivot shaft of the fork support sliding sleeve with positive engagement means on both sides, which can be brought into engagement with rotating or sled-fixed counter-engagement means of the pivot shaft.
  • a rack operating device 2 which in the case shown is designed as a forklift, essentially has a basic vehicle 4, a mast 6 and a height-adjustable lifting carriage 8 attached to the mast.
  • the construction of the base vehicle 4 and the mast 6 are generally known, so that this will not be discussed in more detail.
  • the lifting carriage is designed in the form of a swivel pushing device, i. that is, it has a side thrust carriage 10, which can be moved linearly transversely to the direction of travel of the rack operating device 2, and a fork carriage 12, which is rotatably mounted on the fork carriage 12 about a vertical pivot shaft 14.
  • a lifting fork 16 with two fork prongs 18 and 18 ' is arranged in a known manner.
  • the construction of the rack operating device according to the invention essentially corresponds to that of conventional rack operating devices with swivel pushers as fork carriers.
  • the side thrust carriage 10 is mounted in a known manner on the lifting carriage 8 by means of roller guides 20 and 22 in such a way that it can move linearly along the longitudinal extent of the lifting carriage 8.
  • a support designed in a known manner with gears on the side-slide 10 and racks on the lifting slide 8 for absorbing load moments is not shown in FIG. 2 for reasons of clarity.
  • the side thrust carriage 10 has a boom 24 which carries at its free end a bearing 26 in which the Swivel shaft 14 of the fork carriage 12 is rotatably mounted.
  • a vertically extending link guide 32 is arranged in the middle of the lifting slide 8 between two horizontally extending cross members 28 and 30.
  • the link guide 32 is a C-profile and serves to receive a guide roller or a sliding block 34 of a drive crank 36.
  • the other free end of the drive crank 36 is connected to a shaft 38 ', which is parallel to the boom 24 in the direction of the bearing 26th extends.
  • the free end of the shaft 38 ' carries a bevel gear 48.
  • Another shaft 38 is provided in alignment with the longitudinal axis of the shaft 38'.
  • the shaft 38 carries a bevel gear 40 which meshes with a further bevel gear 42 which is freely rotatable on the pivot shaft 14 of the fork carriage 12.
  • the bevel gear 40 and the bevel gear 42 together form a gear 44.
  • the shaft 38 ' starting from the drive crank 36, passes through the side thrust slide 10 in a bore 46, with a further bevel gear 48 in the vicinity of the bore 46 in a rotationally fixed manner on the shaft 38 'Is arranged.
  • the bevel gear 48 meshes with a bevel gear 50 which is rotatably guided in a bearing 52 on the side thrust carriage 10 and which in turn is in engagement with a bevel gear 54 which is fixed on the output shaft of a motor 56.
  • a bevel gear 48 ' is engaged, which transmits the rotary movement from the motor 56 to the shaft 38.
  • the bevel gears 48, 50 and 48 ' form a reversing gear 50', d. that is, with the direction of rotation of the motor 56 remaining constant, the rotations of the shafts 38 and 38 'are opposite to each other.
  • the shaft not shown in the drawing, which is rotatably supported in the side-slide carriage 10 and is supported on the racks in the region of the crossbeams 28 and 30 by gear wheels for torque absorption here advantageously run through the axis of rotation of the bevel gear 50, so that the bearing 52 can be dispensed with in such a way that the bevel gear 50 is mounted on the shaft, not shown, which in FIG. 2 extend vertically from the lower cross member 30 to the upper cross member 28 would and here the space between the bevel gears 48 and 48 'passes.
  • a clutch 58 is arranged between the gear 44 and the bearing 26 for the pivot shaft 14.
  • the coupling 58 essentially has a sliding sleeve which is fixed in a rotationally fixed manner on the pivot shaft 14 and which can slide up and down in the axial direction on the pivot shaft 14 by means of a coupling mechanism 60 and an actuator 62.
  • the sliding sleeve 64 engages in the manner of a claw clutch with a lower clutch part 66 which is fixedly connected to the bearing 26 or the side thrust slide 10.
  • the swivel shaft 14 or the fork carriage 12 is thus fixed in a rotationally fixed position with respect to the side sliding carriage 10.
  • the sliding sleeve 64 In an engaged position of the clutch 58, the sliding sleeve 64 is in engagement with an upper coupling part 68, which is connected to the bevel gear 42, so that a rotation of the shaft 38 is transmitted via the gear 44 to the pivot shaft 14 of the fork carriage 12.
  • the claw coupling is advantageously designed in such a way that the fork carriage 12 can be fixed in position in three defined positions relative to the sideshift 10, namely in the position shown in FIG. 2, in which the lifting fork 16 points in the direction of travel of the rack operating device 2 and in each case by 90 ° offset positions in which the lifting fork 16 points to the left or right transversely to the direction of travel of the rack operating device 2.
  • the lifting fork 16 For receiving a load, the lifting fork 16 is in the position shown in FIG. 1, i. that is, it extends transversely to the direction of travel of the storage and retrieval unit 2.
  • the actuator 62 of the coupling 58 is actuated in such a way that the sliding sleeve 64 engages with the lower coupling part 66, so that the pivot shaft 14 of the fork carriage 12 is fixed in a rotationally fixed position relative to the side thrust carriage 10 is.
  • the side thrust carriage 10 is in a position according to FIG. 4, i. That is, at the right end of the traverses 28 and 30, as seen in the direction of travel, so that the fork tines 18 and 18 'do not protrude beyond the width of the rack operating device 2.
  • the drive crank 36 extends essentially horizontally and parallel to the cross members 28 and 30, i. that is, the guide roller 34 is in a position which is denoted by E in FIG. 3 and the bore 46 or the shaft 38 'extending through the bore 46' are in a position which is denoted by E 'in FIG. 3 is designated.
  • a rotation of the shaft 38 'counterclockwise causes the guide roller 34 as shown in FIG. 3 is brought out of its position E and is guided downwards in the guide 32 until it reaches its lower end position A via the intermediate layers D, C and B. .
  • the lifting carriage on the mast 6 is slightly raised to lift the load, after which the direction of rotation of the motor 56 is reversed so that the shaft 38 'is now rotated clockwise and the fulcrum of the shaft 38 'returns from the position E ⁇ via the position E to the position E'.
  • the sideshift 10 is now again in the position shown in FIG. 4 with solid lines and the load resting on the fork prongs 18 and 18 'is within the outline of the rack operating device 2nd
  • the rack operating device 2 is moved into the rack aisle 72, which has a width B. If the point in the rack aisle is reached at which the loaded goods are to be stacked, the lifting carriage 8 on the lifting frame 6 may be lifted, after which the process already explained takes place anew, d. That is, the motor 56 rotates counterclockwise and the pivot axis of the shaft 38 'moves from its position E' to E ⁇ , so that the goods placed on the lifting fork 16 are pushed into the shelf compartment.
  • the empty lifting fork 16 should now be pivoted in the rack aisle 72 to the opposite side in order to accommodate a load stored there.
  • the problem that has existed up to now can best be seen in FIG. 4. Since it was previously mostly necessary to separate the two separate drives for the side sliding carriage 10 and the fork carriage 12 serve, a high degree of concentration and dexterity was necessary for the driver of the storage and retrieval unit 2 to operate the two drives in such a way that on the one hand the lifting fork 16 was carried out quickly from one side to the other with simultaneous transverse displacement of the side sliding carriage 10 and on the other hand the tips the fork tines 18 and 18 'do not damage stored goods. This disadvantage is completely eliminated in the present invention.
  • the procedure for the present invention is as follows: In the position shown in solid lines in Fig. 4 of the side slide 10 and the fork carriage 12, the actuator 62 of the clutch 58 is actuated, so that the sliding sleeve 64 slides upward in Fig. 2 and engages with the upper coupling part 68.
  • the sliding sleeve 64 or the coupling parts 66 and 68 are dimensioned such that when there is a beginning engagement between the sliding sleeve 64 and the upper coupling part 68, the sliding sleeve 64 is still engaged with the lower coupling part 66, so that the pivot shaft 14 at the Upward movement of the sliding sleeve 64 can not get into a completely unguided state. Only when the sliding sleeve 64 is fully engaged with the upper coupling part 68 is the engagement between the sliding sleeve 64 and the lower coupling part 66 released.
  • the speed profile of the sideshift carriage Due to the drive via the drive crank 36, the speed profile of the sideshift carriage has a sinusoidal course during its movement from right to left in FIG. 3, that is to say the speed increases or decreases gently in the range of the positions E 'and E ⁇ and reaches in the middle region , ie its maximum in the area of the guide 32.
  • This has two major advantages.
  • end position damping for the side-slide carriage 10 can be dispensed with, and this is particularly the case with very large lifting heights of more than 12 m or more, the problem of the lateral buckling of the mast 6 when starting or braking the side-slide carriage 10 is avoided.
  • the fork carriage 12 is locked again by actuation of the actuator 62 relative to the side sliding carriage, ie the sliding sleeve 64 is brought out of engagement with the upper coupling part 68 and into engagement with the lower coupling part 66.
  • the direction of rotation of the motor 56 is now reversed, ie, the bevel gear 54 rotates clockwise, the fork carriage 12 does not move and the side slide 10 moves from the position E ⁇ via the position E back to the position E ′ (FIG. 3) , ie, the lifting fork 16 can be pushed under a pallet or the like on the other side of the shelf.
  • the main advantage of the present invention is that drives for the side-slide carriage and the fork carriage for pivoting the fork carriage within the rack aisle 72, which are no longer arranged separately from one another, must be controlled individually and nevertheless synchronized with one another, since through the mechanical coupling and Forced synchronization of the side sliding carriage with the fork carriage of the fork carriage is always reliably pivoted in the desired direction with simultaneous linear movement of the side sliding carriage, without the tips of the fork tines 18 and 18 'projecting beyond the stack plan or the width B of the rack aisle 72, so that none at all There is a risk that goods stored on the shelves will be damaged by the tips of the fork tines.
  • the pivoting of the fork carriage 12 by 180 ° can be triggered, for example, by pressing a button or the like, after which the operator of the storage and retrieval device 2 can Panning operation of the fork carriage 12 no longer needs attention.
  • the storage and retrieval unit 2 can also be used as a front lift, in which the lifting fork 16 is in the position according to FIG. that is, in which the lifting fork points in the direction of travel of the rack operating device.
  • the drive crank 36 is arranged essentially vertically and in alignment with the link guide 32, as can also be seen in FIG. 2.
  • the fork carriage 12 or the lifting fork 16 can be locked with respect to the side sliding carriage 10 by actuating the coupling 58.
  • the movement of the side slide carriage or the fork carriage can also be carried out by a kinematic reversal of the drive according to the described embodiment. More specifically, instead of the motor 56, with which the rotary movements are applied to the shafts 38 and 38 ', the side thrust carriage 10 can be moved linearly by means of a chain drive, a hydraulic system or the like, the rotation of the shaft 38' which is thereby forcibly generated by means of the Reverse gear 50 'is transmitted to the shaft 38.
  • a chain, a toothed belt or the like can be provided instead of the shaft 38 with the bevel gears 48 'and 40 between the bevel gear 50 and the bevel gear 42, wherein the chain or toothed belt can be driven by a motor, a hydraulic cylinder or the like.
  • the reversing gear 50 ' can be dispensed with, in which case the bevel gear 40 in FIG. 2 must be in engagement with the bevel gear 42 on the left-hand side in order to establish the required direction of rotation relationship between the shaft 38, which is then directly on the drive crank 36 is attached and the pivot shaft 14 to get.
  • the gear 44 is designed as a step-down or step-up gear.
  • the link guide 32 is not designed to be vertically straight, but instead has, for example, a suitable curve geometry.
  • the actuator 62 for the clutch 58 can be an electromagnet, a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder device or the like.
  • the shelf operating device thus has the following essential advantages: - Since only one drive motor is required for both the linear movement of the sideshift and the rotary movement of the fork carriage and the linear and pivoting movements are mechanically positively coupled and synchronized, the fork carriage can be swiveled easily through 180 ° within the aisle width of the rack aisle without this special attention on the part of the driver of the rack operating device would be necessary; - Since the construction and arrangement of the lifting fork is in no way different from the construction and arrangement of a lifting fork of a conventional storage and retrieval machine, it is possible to pick up and move pallets, containers, lattice boxes or the like placed directly on the floor, since the lifting fork 16 can be lowered to the floor.
  • the storage and retrieval device can be used immediately after the initiation of the Swivel movement in the rack aisle can be moved to a different stacking or unstacking position and the lifting carriage can also be moved in height. This enables the highest possible turnover speed with optimal security conditions at the same time; - Finally, the swivel pusher according to the present invention can be retrofitted to existing storage and retrieval devices without too much effort.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
EP19880115507 1987-09-22 1988-09-21 Regalbedienungsgerät Withdrawn EP0308906A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3731847 1987-09-22
DE19873731847 DE3731847A1 (de) 1987-09-22 1987-09-22 Regalbedienungsgeraet

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0308906A1 true EP0308906A1 (de) 1989-03-29

Family

ID=6336570

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880115507 Withdrawn EP0308906A1 (de) 1987-09-22 1988-09-21 Regalbedienungsgerät

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0308906A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3731847A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008122336A1 (de) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-16 Sieghard Schiller Gmbh & Co. Kg Schienengebundenes flurfördersystem
CN108394666A (zh) * 2018-03-28 2018-08-14 余燕秀 一种搬运设备

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4224836C1 (de) * 1992-07-28 1993-11-04 Ruediger Staege Blocklagerfoerderzeug fuer zu transportierende paletten in einem palettenlager
DE4412442B4 (de) * 1994-04-12 2006-05-11 Dambach Lagersysteme Gmbh Verfahren zur Steuerung der Bewegungen einer Schwenk-Schub-Einheit eines Regalbediengerätes
DE10336819A1 (de) * 2003-01-08 2004-07-22 Bernd Schechinger Querförderer
CN106698261A (zh) * 2015-07-15 2017-05-24 沈红如 带有起重臂的叉车
DE102020127921A1 (de) 2020-10-23 2022-04-28 Dambach Lagersysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg Regalbediengerät und Verfahren zum Auslagern eines Objektes aus einem Regalfach eines Regallagers

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB750793A (en) * 1952-11-21 1956-06-20 Electro Hydraulics Ltd Fork lift or industrial trucks
DE1000287B (de) * 1954-01-07 1957-01-03 Steinbock G M B H Stapler
GB1388616A (en) * 1972-03-04 1975-03-26 Clark Equipment Co Lift truck
DE2327047B2 (de) * 1973-05-26 1975-10-16 Eaton Gmbh, 5620 Velbert Antrieb für die Lastgabel eines Regalbedienungsgerätes

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3659733A (en) * 1970-12-11 1972-05-02 Anderson Clayton & Co Narrow aisle attachment
GB1592057A (en) * 1977-02-10 1981-07-01 Lansing Bagnall Ltd Industrial truck
DE2805557C3 (de) * 1978-02-10 1980-10-02 Jungheinrich Unternehmensverwaltung Kg, 2000 Hamburg Beidseitig ausschwenkbarer Lastträger am Hubschlitten eines Hubladers

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB750793A (en) * 1952-11-21 1956-06-20 Electro Hydraulics Ltd Fork lift or industrial trucks
DE1000287B (de) * 1954-01-07 1957-01-03 Steinbock G M B H Stapler
GB1388616A (en) * 1972-03-04 1975-03-26 Clark Equipment Co Lift truck
DE2327047B2 (de) * 1973-05-26 1975-10-16 Eaton Gmbh, 5620 Velbert Antrieb für die Lastgabel eines Regalbedienungsgerätes

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2008122336A1 (de) * 2007-04-04 2008-10-16 Sieghard Schiller Gmbh & Co. Kg Schienengebundenes flurfördersystem
CN108394666A (zh) * 2018-03-28 2018-08-14 余燕秀 一种搬运设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3731847A1 (de) 1989-04-06
DE3731847C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1989-07-06

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