EP0307351A1 - Antenne cornet à micro-ondes - Google Patents

Antenne cornet à micro-ondes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0307351A1
EP0307351A1 EP88810489A EP88810489A EP0307351A1 EP 0307351 A1 EP0307351 A1 EP 0307351A1 EP 88810489 A EP88810489 A EP 88810489A EP 88810489 A EP88810489 A EP 88810489A EP 0307351 A1 EP0307351 A1 EP 0307351A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
funnel
funnel wall
horn antenna
antenna device
walls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88810489A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0307351B1 (fr
Inventor
Beat Bieler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
REGLOMAT AG
Original Assignee
REGLOMAT AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by REGLOMAT AG filed Critical REGLOMAT AG
Publication of EP0307351A1 publication Critical patent/EP0307351A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0307351B1 publication Critical patent/EP0307351B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/01—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the shape of the antenna or antenna system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a horn antenna for microwaves, which antenna has funnel walls which determine the directional and radiation characteristics.
  • the opening or funnel angle determines the antenna characteristics.
  • a relatively small opening angle results in a relatively wide effective range and a relatively large opening angle corresponds to a relatively narrow effective range.
  • Different applications of devices equipped with horn antennas accordingly require different forms of horn antennas, in particular with regard to the opening angle.
  • the suitable horn antenna can only be determined empirically, i.e. that a set of different horn antennas must be available, the most suitable of the respective set then being selected by exchanging the respective horn antennas. Since horn antennas are relatively expensive products, there are high costs since a set of e.g. six horn antennas ultimately only one is used and the other five become waste material.
  • the aim of the invention is to remedy the disadvantage mentioned.
  • the horn antenna according to the invention is characterized in that the position of at least one funnel wall section changes in steps or continuously relative to the position of a further funnel wall section is such that the directional and radiation characteristics of the horn antenna device can be adjusted on it itself.
  • FIG. 1 shows a diagrammatic view of a horn antenna, the funnel wall 40 of which is made of a resiliently flexible material.
  • the directional and radiation characteristics of this frustoconical horn antenna are largely determined by the funnel angle or the mutual relative angular position, e.g. the funnel wall sections 21 and 22 determined.
  • the funnel wall 40 has a separation 23 which extends from the base of the truncated cone to the head thereof.
  • the edge sections 24, 25 of the funnel wall 40 adjoining the separation overlap and rest on one another. They are connected to each other via an actuator.
  • the adjusting device shown here purely by way of example has a toothed band 26 which is connected to the funnel wall 20 and which is firmly connected to one of the edge sections 24. With this toothed belt 26 a worm wheel 27 meshes, which is connected via a shaft 28 which passes through a bearing 29 connected to the funnel wall 40 and is connected to a knurled rotary head 30.
  • the drawing is purely schematic.
  • the adjusting device could also be directly at the upper funnel be arranged edge, and it can be arranged at the lower funnel edge, the two edge sections mutually supporting pin 31.
  • each funnel wall 3, 4, 5 forms the jacket of a truncated cone.
  • the base lines can be any self-contained curvilinear lines, e.g. they can be elliptical. The embodiment shown is now such that the surface lines 32, 33, 34 of the individual funnel walls run parallel to one another.
  • the three funnel walls 3, 4, 5 are arranged telescopically and are arranged so as to be translationally displaceable in the direction of radiation.
  • the total horn antenna can thus be lengthened or shortened. Assume that the transmitter is firmly connected to the funnel wall 5 at the point designated 35.
  • the two funnel walls 3, 4, that is to say the hollow truncated cones, are shifted downward, as the respective planes which are determined by the base lines coincide, only the funnel wall 5 determines the directional and radiation characteristics; a relatively short horn antenna is present.
  • the horn antenna can be pulled apart telescopically until, for example, the outer jacket of the funnel wall 5 bears against the inner jacket of the funnel wall 4, and its outer jacket bears against the inner jacket of the funnel wall 3. In this state, all three funnel walls determine de 3,4,5 the characteristics mentioned.
  • the surface lines mentioned do not run parallel to one another, and as a further variant the center axes 36 of the frustoconical-shaped ones do not have to coincide, so that horn antennas with the most varied adjustment properties can be formed.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the funnel walls 3, 4 each form the casing of a rotationally symmetrical body with the axis 37 and the generatrix 38.
  • FIG. 3 there is not a rotationally symmetrical hollow body with a curvilinear generatrix 38, but a hollow body with any, e.g. elliptical baseline 39. Further designs provide curvilinear surface lines of the funnel walls 3, 4 which have different courses or curvatures.
  • FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the respective funnel walls each form a wall 3, 4 of a truncated pyramid.
  • the base of the respective truncated pyramid can have any number of corners.
  • the version shown contains four corners.
  • the geometric figure described by straight lines can also be any.
  • An example is drawn which has the shape of a trapezoid.
  • the walls (e.g. 3) of the outer truncated pyramid of the embodiment according to FIG. 4 run parallel to the walls (e.g. 4) of the inner truncated pyramid.
  • This version can also be modified insofar as the walls mentioned do not run parallel to one another.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 For the description of further explanations, reference is first made to FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • FIG. 5 shows a horn antenna with four flat funnel walls 1,2,3,4, the funnel walls 1 and 2 each enclosing a funnel angle and the funnel walls 3 and 4 each enclosing a funnel angle.
  • the front edges of the four walls describe a rectangle.
  • FIG. 6 also shows a horn antenna with four funnel walls 1, 2, 3, 4. However, these are curvilinear.
  • FIG. 7 now shows a view from the front of the horn antenna 5 or 6, which embodiment according to FIG. 7, however, has funnel walls 3 and 4, which are each pivotably mounted about an axis 41.
  • the embodiment shown purely shows, for example, two cap screws 41, 43 for controlling the funnel walls 3 and 4.
  • this control like all of the designs shown, can also work hydraulically, pneumatically, electrically, etc. and obviously remote control of the movement of the funnel walls can be carried out for all of the shown Designs may be provided.
  • the pivotably mounted funnel walls 3, 4 are pivoted. If the funnel walls 3, 4 are rectangular in the side view, the position of the funnel walls 1, 2 obviously does not change.
  • the funnel angle determined by the funnel walls 1 and 2 also changes. These can be arranged slightly pretensioned against the vertical funnel walls 3, 4. It is also possible to insert an insert made of a spring-elastic material, e.g. a foamed plastic that is permeable to the microwaves in the funnel. This would e.g. the funnel walls 3, 4 must always be tensioned against the cap screws 42, 43 and follow them themselves when the screws are unscrewed.
  • a spring-elastic material e.g. a foamed plastic that is permeable to the microwaves in the funnel. This would e.g. the funnel walls 3, 4 must always be tensioned against the cap screws 42, 43 and follow them themselves when the screws are unscrewed.
  • FIG. 8 which is a view of a horn antenna similar to FIG. 7, shows an embodiment in which a respective funnel wall is adjacent with an edge on one th funnel wall rests.
  • the funnel walls 3, 4, e.g. to reduce the angle enclosed by them pivoted against each other the upper funnel wall 1 is pushed to the left and consequently the lower funnel wall 2 to the right.
  • the funnel walls 1, 2 are also pivotally mounted, so that the angle enclosed by them can also be changed.
  • the horizontal angle and / or the vertical angle can be changed in this embodiment.
  • the movement of the four funnel walls can also take place here by any adjusting means.
  • an insert made of a resilient material that is permeable to the microwaves and that excites the four funnel walls 1-4 away from one another can be inserted in the funnel.
  • the inside of the hopper walls can be any, e.g. have resilient locking members that cooperate with the respective overlying edge. Such an embodiment is particularly useful when the funnel walls are manually adjustable.
  • the funnel walls do not have to be perpendicular to one another as drawn in the above explanations.
  • An oblique arrangement, as shown in Figure 9, is also provided.
  • the variety of designs in which funnel walls are present that do not run flat is not specially drawn.
  • the funnel opening, which is determined by the funnel walls, can show any self-contained geometric line, depending on the area of application.
  • FIG. 10 shows a horn antenna with eight funnel walls which can be pivoted or rotated. This number can be varied between three and infinite.
  • FIG. 11 shows a top view of a horn antenna, which can be changed lengthways.
  • a horn antenna 44 with fixed side walls, similar to the illustration in FIG. 5.
  • Each funnel wall 1 of this fixed horn antenna carries a plate 45.
  • This plate 45 is connected, for example, via a dovetail or tongue and groove guide 47 to the funnel wall 1 lying against it, or is guided thereon.
  • This horn antenna thus has funnel wall sections 1.45 which can be displaced relative to one another in the direction of arrow 46.
  • FIG 12 shows purely schematically a horn antenna, which is designed according to the above statements, in which the funnel walls 3, 4 are pivotally mounted at pivot points 48. They can be pivoted in the direction of arrows 49 in order to change the funnel angle. There are now exceptions where several horn antennas are interconnected.
  • the horn antenna of FIG. 12 can be an E-sector horn with pivotable funnel walls 3, 4, which connects to an E-sector horn 19 with fixed funnel walls 50.
  • FIG. 13 shows an embodiment with two horn antennas connected in series, both of which have funnel walls that can be changed in position.
  • the funnel walls 3, 4 of a horn are rotatably mounted about the pivot points 51, and the funnel walls 3 ', 4' of the smaller horn are in turn pivotally mounted about the pivot points 48.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 show an embodiment in which the funnel walls 3, 4 are designed as insertable plates.
  • the basic design here corresponds to that shown in FIG. 7, except that the funnel walls of the horn antenna according to FIGS. 14 and 15 can only be adjusted in stages.
  • the horn antenna now shown in FIGS. 14 and 15 forms a so-called H-sector horn. That horn has two flat parallel funnel walls 1, 2. There are also two funnel walls 3, 4 enclosing the funnel angle.
  • the funnel walls 1, 2 are screwed together on the outside via, for example, screw bolts 16.
  • the standing funnel walls 3, 4 are formed by rectangular plates 3, 4.
  • a plurality of grooves 7, 8 are formed in the mutually facing side surfaces of the funnel walls 1, 2. These grooves diverge in a fan shape.
  • a respective groove 7 of the groove family in the upper funnel wall 1 is aligned with a respective groove 8 of the lower funnel wall 2 of the groove family there.
  • the funnel neck see FIG.
  • a groove 17 with a rounded base is arranged in each case and the plates 3, 4 have a rounded side edge 18 such that there is a continuous line contact between the plates 3, 4 and the grooves 17.
  • the plates 3, 4 are inserted with their upper side edge in one of the grooves 7 and with the lower side edge in one of the grooves 8.
  • the plates 3, 4 are held clamped in the grooves 7, 8 by the mass of the horn antenna being selected such that a small pressure is exerted on the respective plates 3, 4 by means of the screw bolts 16 through the funnel walls 1 and 2 becomes.
  • These plates 3, 4 can now be used in different relative angular positions, depending on the chosen grooves 7, 8 in the horn antenna, so that their characteristics can be determined.
  • the plates 3, 4 do not necessarily have to be arranged in mirror image to one another with respect to awf the longitudinal axis of the antenna. This applies to all designs shown above with rotatable or swiveling funnel walls.
  • the procedure for changing the funnel angle is carried out here by initially loosening the four screw bolts 16 somewhat. A physical separation from the upper antenna part with the funnel wall 1 from the lower antenna part with the funnel wall 2 is not necessary, however.
  • the screw bolts 16 only have to be loosened to such an extent that the plates 3, 4 can be pulled out of the respective grooves 7, 8 and inserted into, for example, adjacent grooves. Then the bolts are tightened again, changing the effective range of the horn antenna. It can be seen that this change does not even require removal of the horn antenna. ,
  • the lines 19 indicate an E-sector horn, which is connected to the H-sector horn.
  • FIGS. 16 and 17 An execution according to e.g. FIG. 12 is shown in FIGS. 16 and 17.
  • the funnel walls 3, 4 are pivotally mounted at the neck end of the H-sector horn, for example by means of pins 20. This allows the hopper angle to be adjusted continuously.
  • the funnel walls 3, 4 can also be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to their respective pin 20, which in turn is connected to a rotary drive. Accordingly, the funnel walls 3, 4, for example, for space monitoring, could be controlled into a small included angle, and if a target is detected and, in particular, the antenna is approaching the device, it can be controlled into a larger angular position for, for example, more precise detection. This means that one and the same device could be used for room monitoring and actual target acquisition.
  • the two funnel walls 3, 4 do not have to be mirror images relative to the longitudinal axis of the horn antenna.
  • the entire antenna or even the entire device does not necessarily have to be constantly tracking a target.
  • the connection of the upper part of the device, ie the funnel wall 1 to the lower part, that is to say the funnel wall 2 cannot only take place via firmly tightened screw bolts 16 because the two plates 3, 4 on the one hand must exert pressure on the side surfaces of the funnel walls 1, 2 facing them and, on the other hand, still have to be pivotable. Therefore, the bolts 16 would be equipped with springs, for example, so that a controlled clamping pressure on the plates 3, 4 is present.
  • FIGS. 18-20 A further embodiment is shown in FIGS. 18-20.
  • This is again an H-sector horn, with this version having a fixed E-sector horn connected to it.
  • the horn antenna here contains two funnel members 9, 10 with a U-shaped cross section.
  • the base of the U-shape forms the funnel angle 3,4 between the funnel walls.
  • a U-shaped funnel member, the one on the right in the embodiment shown, is used in the other.
  • the first and the second funnel walls overlap, the funnel walls of the funnel member 9 on the left being indicated by 1, 2 and the first funnel walls of the funnel member 10 on the right being indicated by 1 ', 2' in FIG.
  • These two funnel members 9, 10 are mounted in a pivot bearing 21, which can be a bolt, for example. From the illustration according to FIG.
  • FIG. 20 shows a section along the line VI-VI of the embodiment according to FIG. 19, the smaller, fixed e-sector horn in particular being drawn here.
  • the funnel walls 1, 2 and 1 ', 2' lie flat on one another in the embodiment shown.
  • a seal is provided with at least one of the funnel walls in each case link, for example in the form of a small elevation, a flat bar, to ensure safe mutual contact.
  • the legs of the U-shape of the funnel members are short, the upper and lower funnel walls being formed by overlying plates.
  • the possibility of adjusting the funnel angle would then e.g. correspond to that drawn in FIG.
EP88810489A 1987-09-05 1988-07-15 Antenne cornet à micro-ondes Expired - Lifetime EP0307351B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8712053U DE8712053U1 (fr) 1987-09-05 1987-09-05
DE8712053U 1987-09-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0307351A1 true EP0307351A1 (fr) 1989-03-15
EP0307351B1 EP0307351B1 (fr) 1995-10-11

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EP88810489A Expired - Lifetime EP0307351B1 (fr) 1987-09-05 1988-07-15 Antenne cornet à micro-ondes

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0307351B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE129095T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE8712053U1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020150436A (ja) * 2019-03-14 2020-09-17 マクセルホールディングス株式会社 電磁ホーンアンテナ、および、指向性制御システム

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10354754A1 (de) * 2003-11-21 2005-06-23 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Hornantenne für ein Füllstandsmessgerät
DE102013106978A1 (de) 2013-07-03 2015-01-22 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Antennenanordnung für ein Füllstandsmessgerät
US20160056537A1 (en) * 2014-08-19 2016-02-25 Honeywell International Inc. Systems and methods for a steered beam horn antenna

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2206683A (en) * 1936-05-16 1940-07-02 Rca Corp Ultra short wave attenuator and directive device
US2343531A (en) * 1940-01-01 1944-03-07 Gen Electric Directive radiator
US2456323A (en) * 1946-01-03 1948-12-14 Jacob R Risser Radiating horn
US3274602A (en) * 1963-09-16 1966-09-20 North American Aviation Inc Antenna having variable beamwidth achieved by variation of source width
DE1800130B2 (de) * 1967-10-04 1974-03-07 Hollandse Signaalapparaten B.V., Hengelo (Niederlande) Als Primärstrahler einer Radarantenne dienender Hornstrahler mit variabler Apertur

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2206683A (en) * 1936-05-16 1940-07-02 Rca Corp Ultra short wave attenuator and directive device
US2343531A (en) * 1940-01-01 1944-03-07 Gen Electric Directive radiator
US2456323A (en) * 1946-01-03 1948-12-14 Jacob R Risser Radiating horn
US3274602A (en) * 1963-09-16 1966-09-20 North American Aviation Inc Antenna having variable beamwidth achieved by variation of source width
DE1800130B2 (de) * 1967-10-04 1974-03-07 Hollandse Signaalapparaten B.V., Hengelo (Niederlande) Als Primärstrahler einer Radarantenne dienender Hornstrahler mit variabler Apertur

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020150436A (ja) * 2019-03-14 2020-09-17 マクセルホールディングス株式会社 電磁ホーンアンテナ、および、指向性制御システム

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3854567D1 (de) 1995-11-16
DE8712053U1 (fr) 1987-10-22
ATE129095T1 (de) 1995-10-15
EP0307351B1 (fr) 1995-10-11

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