EP0306058A2 - Car park building - Google Patents

Abstract

In order both to permit space-saving accommodation of vehicles and to guarantee automatic operation of a parking building, the latter has, in the centre of substantially circular parking planes (1), a rotatable tower, on which a vertically movable lifting platform (3) is mounted. The latter carries a support (4) which can travel in the longitudinal direction and by means of which a vehicle can be held and pushed on its own wheels into a parking place 32 or pulled away therefrom. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a parking building for motor vehicles with several, essentially circular, stacked parking levels and a central elevator device extending over all parking levels, which comprises a tower rotatable about a vertical axis and a height-adjustable elevator platform mounted on the tower.

A parking building of the type mentioned is known from CH-PS 408 386. In this parking building, it proves to be disadvantageous that it is indeed possible to use the elevator device to adjust the motor vehicle to the height of each raise or lower the parking level, but requires a method of moving the vehicle with the aid of the motor vehicle engine. The operator must therefore drive the vehicle into the parking building or go into the parking building to pick up a motor vehicle there. This has the disadvantage that the individual parking spaces must each be relatively large in order to enable the doors to be opened. Another disadvantage is that the respective room height of the individual parking levels must be dimensioned so that people can walk upright in it. A similar device is also known from CH-PS 649 430.

US Pat. No. 2,691,448 discloses a parking garage in which an elevator car is provided, the floor of which is provided with a rotating platform. On the rotating platform, as well as on the individual parking spaces, rails are arranged on which a transport carriage can be moved, by means of which the rear axle of the vehicle can be raised in order to pull it onto the parking space or to push it into the elevator car. With this construction, it can hardly be avoided that the motor vehicles are damaged by lifting the floor of the vehicle. Furthermore, accurate tracking of the motor vehicles is not guaranteed.

A parking garage system is known from US Pat. No. 3,395,815, in which the motor vehicles are each parked on pallets that are moved or maneuvered within the parking garage. The provision of the pallets requires a considerable cost and, due to the sizes of the pallets, does not allow optimal use of the available space.

The previously known parking buildings, in which a vehicle is retracted via a ramp, are highly uneconomical with regard to the use of the available space. Another advantage of this well-known park Buildings or multi-storey car parks pose a security risk, particularly during periods of low traffic, since the multi-storey car park and thus the vehicles parked there are accessible to any third party.

The object of the invention is to create a parking building of the type mentioned at the outset, which, with a simple structure and inexpensive to produce, enables optimal use of the available space and permits the accommodation of vehicles of various sizes.

The object is achieved in that a maneuvering device for moving a motor vehicle on its wheels is arranged on the elevator platform and in the area of the elevator platform there is an alignment device for straightening at least one pair of wheels of a motor vehicle.

Parking buildings according to the invention are distinguished by a number of considerable advantages. By means of the maneuvering device, which is mounted on the elevator platform, it is possible to move a motor vehicle into the respective parking space in such a way that an optimal use of space is ensured. Since the maneuvering device moves the motor vehicle on its wheels, damage to the motor vehicle by lifting or the like is excluded. Furthermore, the maneuvering device enables the motor vehicles to move independently and remotely, so that the driver of the motor vehicle does not have to enter the parking building. According to the invention, it is thus possible to provide a large number of parking spaces on a very small plot area. Since the park building itself does not have to be entered, it can be designed in a particularly simple manner, for example all of the otherwise required lighting devices are dispensed with Furthermore, it is not necessary to provide additional stairwells, escape routes or the like.

The alignment device according to the invention for straightening at least one pair of wheels of a motor vehicle prevents the motor vehicle from running out of the track and being damaged when moving by means of the maneuvering device.

By using a tower rotatable about a vertical axis, in which the elevator platform, i. H. the elevator is arranged, additional load-bearing elements are not required in this area of the building, so that there is no loss of space due to additional walls or supports.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the maneuvering device comprises a support which can be displaced relative to the elevator platform and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the motor vehicle and on which at least one gripping device for engaging a motor vehicle is arranged. The motor vehicle can thus be moved in its longitudinal direction in a particularly simple manner, lateral traversing or steering of the motor vehicle is excluded.

Furthermore, it can be provided according to the invention that the gripping device comprises at least one pair of pivotable arms which can be rotated about their longitudinal axis and which can be pivoted from a rest position, in which they are arranged adjacent to the carrier, into an engagement position, in which they are in front or behind one Wheel of the motor vehicle are arranged. The carrier according to the invention can thus be designed to be space-saving and low, so that vehicles with very little ground clearance can also be moved. The arms make it possible to securely grip at least one wheel of the motor vehicle and in this way to move or move the vehicle. The arms only need a very small space, so that they can be used without any problems in vehicles with low ground clearance can be brought into engagement with or detached from the wheels. In order to ensure a uniform movement of the motor vehicle, it is expedient to arrange two pairs of arms opposite one another on the carrier for gripping the front and rear pair of wheels.

The maneuvering device is preferably arranged sunk in the floor area of the elevator platform, the drive devices in particular being able to be integrated in the floor platform in this embodiment in such a way that a very low overall height of the carrier is possible.

In order to ensure that the carrier can be used as rationally as possible, it can prove to be advantageous if it can be displaced into the area of the parking levels on both sides of the elevator platform. In the case of a parking level constructed in a point-symmetrical manner, it is thus possible to approach two parking spaces using the maneuvering device. This embodiment also makes it possible to provide the elevator platform with a length which allows two vehicles to be accommodated.

In order to ensure a straightforward movement of the motor vehicle and to avoid damage to the vehicle by leaving the intended lane, it can prove to be particularly advantageous if the elevator platform and each parking space on the parking levels are provided with a rail-like guide device for the wheels of a motor vehicle. The guide device can be designed, for example, in the form of a guide bar raised above the surface of the parking levels and the elevator platform, against which the edge region of the vehicle wheel is brought into contact. The guide bar thus forms an outer lateral boundary of a lane of the motor vehicle. Since only such a guide device is provided, vehicles can be parked in the parking building according to the invention Various sizes can be accommodated, since the track width, ie the distance between the wheels is irrelevant. Likewise, the wheelbase of the vehicle has no influence on the function of the maneuvering device, since only one wheel or one pair of wheels of the vehicle is gripped by means of the arms.

In order to prevent a lateral directional deviation during the movement of the vehicle, and to ensure that a vehicle with slightly steered wheels can also be moved safely, it proves to be advantageous for the carrier on the side facing the guide bar to be against the inner side of a wheel of a motor vehicle which can be brought into contact with a guide block. In order to prevent friction against the wheel of the vehicle, the guide block can be provided with sliding rollers or sliding balls. Furthermore, in order to adapt to different tire widths, it can be favorable if the guide bracket can be moved laterally relative to the carrier.

In order to facilitate the longitudinal displacement of the carrier and to ensure that it is always guided exactly, it can be particularly advantageous if the elevator platform and areas of the parking spaces of the parking levels are provided with rails for guiding the carrier's rollers. These rails do not affect the mobility of the motor vehicles, since these run in the middle area below the vehicle. This rail arrangement also makes it possible to overcome the gap which is usually present between the elevator platform and the parking level in that the carrier has at least three pairs of wheels.

A threaded spindle is preferably used to drive the carrier. This can be provided at its end regions with a toothed rack, so that the arms can each be pivoted in the end positions of the threaded spindle, preferably by 90, for this purpose in the region their axes of rotation are each provided with a gear which meshes with the threaded spindle.

The entry area of the parking building is preferably provided with a retractable threshold, by means of which an exact alignment of the front wheel pair of the motor vehicle is possible. In order to prevent the driver of the vehicle from inadvertently turning the steering when exiting the vehicle or in the event that he forgets to straighten the wheels, an alignment device can be arranged in front of the threshold. This preferably comprises two plate bodies which can be driven, pivoted and / or displaced by the front wheels of a motor vehicle. The pivoting serves to position the vehicle in a straight line, and because of the lateral displacement, it is possible to place the respective wheel against the guide device or guide bar.

In order to secure the open elevator shaft and to prevent people in the parking building, for example monitoring personnel or maintenance personnel, from falling into the elevator shaft, it can prove to be advantageous if a protective grille is arranged on the tower and extends over its entire length Entry and exit area of the elevator platform each has a vertical recess. Since the tower is designed to be rotatable, it is possible to secure the respective lateral areas of the elevator platform by means of this protective grille. The protective grille can be designed, for example, in the form of a network. In order to secure the vertical recess in the area in which the elevator platform is not arranged, it can prove to be advantageous to provide a length-adjustable protective grille on the elevator platform and on the upper area of the tower, for example in the form of a roll-up network and the like.

For safe storage and to ensure a smooth, jerk-free process, the tower is preferably mounted on a wheeled bogie, which can include both the drive for rotating the tower and braking and positioning devices.

According to the invention, the parking levels can have different clear heights in order to lead to the most uniform, space-saving occupancy of the parking building. In the entry area, for example, the height of a motor vehicle can be determined so that it is fed to a suitable parking level. A clear height of 1.75 m is sufficient for conventional motor vehicles. In addition, parking levels of greater height can be provided, for example to park delivery vans or off-road vehicles.

To ensure that the vehicle located on the parking space remains there, it can be provided that a locking device is arranged in the area of each parking space. This can be designed, for example, in the form of removable brake elements that can be driven over, the brake elements being detachable as a function of the actuation of the carrier, so that it is ensured that the locking device, which, for example, grips the wheel of a vehicle, only releases it when the wheel is through the arms of the carrier is gripped.

The park building according to the invention thus enables the accommodation of vehicles of the most varied sizes, in particular the most varied of ground clearance, with the vehicles automatically, ie. H. can be moved without human intervention and in particular without own engine power.

Due to the central rotating tower, there are particularly favorable conditions with regard to the strength of the park building. Since the tower is mounted on the bogie, only additional storage is required Upper area of the tower possible, which can be done by means of a cross bar or cross member of the park building.

According to the invention, it proves to be particularly favorable that the parking levels do not have to be circular in every case, but rather it is also possible to design them only semi-circular or in the form of a circular sector. The park building according to the invention can thus also be built on the narrowest of plots, for example in the angular areas of existing buildings or between adjacent buildings.

• Fig. 1 eine schematische Schnittansicht eines Aus­führungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Park­gebäudes;
• Fig. 2 eine Schnittansicht entlang der Linie II-II von Fig. 1;
• Fig. 3 eine Detailansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Aufzugsplattform;
• Fig. 4 eine Seitenansicht einer Anfahrschwelle;
• Fig. 5 eine Draufsicht auf einen Teil des Einfahrbe­reichs des erfindungsgemäßen Parkgebäudes;
• Fig. 6 eine Teil-Seitenansicht der in Fig. 3 ge­zeigten Rangiervorrichtung;
• Fig. 7 eine weitere Teil-Seitenansicht der Rangier­vorrichtung;
• Fig. 8 eine Schnittansicht, ähnlich Fig. 2, eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungs­gemäßen Parkgebäudes; und
• Fig. 9 eine weitere Schnittansicht, ähnlich Fig. 8, eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels.

The invention is described below using exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the drawing. It shows:

• Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view of an embodiment of the parking building according to the invention;
• Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of Fig. 1;
• 3 shows a detailed view of an exemplary embodiment of an elevator platform;
• 4 shows a side view of a starting threshold;
• 5 shows a plan view of part of the drive-in area of the parking building according to the invention;
• FIG. 6 is a partial side view of the maneuvering device shown in FIG. 3;
• 7 shows a further partial side view of the maneuvering device;
• 8 shows a sectional view, similar to FIG. 2, of a further exemplary embodiment of the parking building according to the invention; and
• FIG. 9 shows a further sectional view, similar to FIG. 8, of a further exemplary embodiment.

The parking building shown in section in FIG. 1 comprises a plurality of parking levels 1 which, as can be seen from FIG. 2, are essentially circular. The parking levels 1 each have a clear height, which is dimensioned so that a vehicle can be inserted. In order to accommodate vehicles of greater height, the lower parking levels 1 'are provided with a larger clear height in the embodiment shown.

The parking building shown is designed so that three parking levels are arranged below the level of a roadway 21, while the remaining parking levels are above ground. In dashed lines in Fig. 1 it is shown that the park building according to the invention can be designed variable in height or depth.

A roof rack 22 extends above the uppermost parking level, which can be designed, for example, in the form of a circular disk-shaped lattice structure.

A tower 2 which is rotatable about a vertical axis is arranged centrally to the parking levels 1 and is provided at its lower end with a bogie 18 which is mounted on an essentially circular foundation, the mounting being carried out by means of wheels 24, which are only shown schematically. A drive 25 for the wheels 24 is also mounted in the area of the bogie. Furthermore, braking and locking devices, not shown in detail, are provided.

On the tower 2, which will be described in detail in connection with FIG. 2, an elevator platform 3 is guided, which can be moved in height by means of a rope 26. The elevator platform 3 can be connected to an elevator cage 27, not shown in detail. The cage 27 is suspended via the cable 26 in a conventional manner, as is known in the case of elevators. A cross member 28 is formed on the upper area of the tower 2, on which a drive 29 for lifting or lowering the elevator platform 3 is mounted.

As further shown in FIG. 1, the parking building according to the invention has a drive-in area 14 through which vehicles can be moved from the carriageway 21 onto the elevator platform 3.

The park building can be designed, for example, in the form of a steel structure. Since no staircase is usually provided, a conventional facade runner 30 can be provided in order to get to the upper parking levels in an emergency or for maintenance purposes.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional view along the line II-II of FIG. 1. The essentially circular configuration of the parking levels can be seen in particular. In addition to the entry area 14, an exit area 31 is provided, through which a vehicle can be removed from the parking building.

A plurality of parking space-shaped parking spaces 32 are formed on each parking level, each of which can be accessed via the elevator platform 3. The parking spaces 32 are each provided with a locking device 19, which can be designed, for example, in the form of plates which can be driven over, raised or lowered in order to hold a wheel of the vehicle.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the tower 2 in the exemplary embodiment shown is designed in the form of a steel structure which has a slot-shaped recess which extends in the vertical direction and in which the elevator platform 3 can be moved in the vertical direction.

In the entry area 14, a safety device 20 is provided, which can be designed, for example, in the form of a rail or a tube, in order to catch the left front wheel of the motor vehicle when entering the entry area 14 and to bear against a guide bar 7. Furthermore, a start-up threshold 15 is provided at the end of the entry area 14, which is shown in detail in FIG. 4 and which is height-adjustable, for example by means of a hydraulic piston. When entering the entry area 14, the front wheels of a motor vehicle are thus stopped at the start-up threshold 15. Furthermore, as shown in detail in FIG. 5, plate bodies 16 are provided in front of the starting threshold 15, on which the respective motor vehicle wheel comes to rest. The two plate bodies 16 are connected to one another via a strut 33 and are designed such that they can be moved laterally and / or pivoted about a vertical axis. This is done via a motor 34.

The safety device 20 and the plate body 16 ensure that the left front wheel of the motor vehicle lies with its outer flank against the guide bar 7 and the front wheels of the motor vehicle are aligned straight.

As shown in FIG. 2, the extension area 31 can be closed by a barrier 35. Furthermore, a control center 36 is shown, in which an operator can also find space, who collects the parking fees and monitors the operating sequence.

As can also be seen in FIG. 2, both the elevator platform 3 and each parking space 32 have a guide bar 7 which serves to safely guide the respective wheel of the motor vehicle. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a guide bar 7 is shown only at one of the parking spaces 32 in order to simplify the illustration. Optionally, the parking building can be designed so that the vehicle is pushed in backwards or forwards. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the vehicle is pushed in backwards, so that in the insertion position the guide bar 7 of the elevator platform 3 is aligned with the guide bar 7 of the parking space 32.

3 shows the elevator platform 3 and an exemplary embodiment of the maneuvering device in plan view. The maneuvering device comprises a carrier 4 which is displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the lane of the elevator platform 3. The longitudinal member 4 is connected to a nut lock 34, in which a threaded spindle 11 runs, which is mounted on the elevator platform 3 and can be rotated via a motor 38. At the end of the threaded spindle, a rack 12 is arranged, which meshes with gears 13. The gear wheels 13 are each firmly connected to arms 5, the outer end regions of which can be rotated about their longitudinal axes. By shifting the rack 12, the arms 5 are pivoted by 90, as shown by the dashed arrows in FIG. 3. The arms 5 are designed so that they can grip a wheel 6 of a motor vehicle in order to move a motor vehicle on its own wheels when the carrier 4 is displaced longitudinally by rotating the threaded spindle 11.

As shown in Fig. 2, the carrier 4 is dimensioned such that it can be moved into the respective parking space 32 in order to grip the wheel of the motor vehicle with the arms 5.

A synchronized and adapted movement of the arms 5 takes place by means of a synchronization of the gear wheels 13, not shown in detail.

On the carrier 4, a guide block 8 is also mounted, which is dimensioned so that it can be placed against the inside of the wheel 6. On the outside, the guide block 8 is formed with a plurality of guide rollers 39 or guide balls in order to reduce the friction with the wheel. In order to ensure adaptation to different wheel widths, the guide block 8 can be displaced transversely to the carrier 4.

The carrier 4 rests on several rollers 10 which are guided on rails 9. In order to overcome the gap between the elevator platform 3 and the parking levels 1, three pairs of rollers 10 are preferably provided. The rails 9 are also provided in the corresponding area of each parking space 32.

6 and 7 each show side views of the carrier according to the invention, from which in particular the low overall height can be seen.

The carrier 4 can also be moved by means of a hydraulic drive or via a toothed rack attached to the floor of the elevator platform 3.

8 and 9 each show sectional views similar to FIG. 2, only the inner region of the central recess of the parking level 1 being shown. 8 that in particular the left front wheel 6a of the motor vehicle is centered in the same way by means of the guide bar 7 and the guide block 8 of the carrier 4. The remaining wheels 6 of a motor vehicle are arranged in a corresponding manner on the elevator platform 3, the larger wheels being one in FIG. 8 larger vehicle with a larger track width and larger wheelbase are assigned, while the smaller wheels 6 correspond to the wheels of a small car. FIG. 9 shows a view similar to FIG. 8, the elevator platform 3 being rotated through 180 °. The exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 9 shows that it is also possible to arrange a plurality of carriers 4 on the elevator platform 3 in order, for example, to be able to manipulate two vehicles at the same time.

The invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments shown, rather it is possible in particular to design the parking levels not circular, but in the form of circular sectors.

In the exemplary embodiments, the control of the park building was not described in detail. This can be designed according to the corresponding requirements, in particular an assignment of the respective vehicles with regard to their height can be made. Furthermore, it is possible to provide parking spaces of larger width on separate parking levels for particularly wide vehicles.

According to the invention, there is no need to provide the parking building with a ventilation or venting device, since usually no exhaust gases have to be removed. This also simplifies the installation of the park building in densely built-up residential areas.

Claims (25)

1.Parking building for motor vehicles with a plurality of essentially circular parking levels (1) arranged one above the other and a central elevator device which extends over all parking levels (1) and which has a tower (2) rotatable about a vertical axis and one on the tower (2 ) mounted, height-adjustable elevator platform (3), characterized in that a maneuvering device for moving a motor vehicle is arranged on the wheels of the elevator platform (3). 2. Parking building according to claim 1, characterized in that the maneuvering device comprises a carrier (4) which can be displaced relative to the elevator platform (3) and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the motor vehicle and on which at least one gripping device is arranged for engagement with a motor vehicle. 3. Parking building according to claim 2, characterized in that on the gripping device at least one pair of pivotable, rotatable about its longitudinal axis arms is mounted, which are pivotable from a rest position, in which they are arranged adjacent to the carrier (4), into an engagement position , in which they are arranged in front of or behind a wheel (6) of the motor vehicle. 4. Parking building according to claim 3, characterized in that on the carrier (4) opposite two pairs of arms (5) for gripping the front or rear wheels (6) of a motor vehicle are mounted. 5. Parking building according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the maneuvering device is arranged sunk in the bottom region of the elevator platform (3). 6. Parking building according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the carrier (4) on both sides of the elevator platform (3) in the area of the parking levels (1) is displaceable. 7. Parking building according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the elevator platform (3) and each parking space of the parking levels (1) are provided with a rail-like guide device (7) for the wheels (6) of a motor vehicle. 8. Park building according to claim 7, characterized in that the guide devices (7) in the form of a raised over the surface of the parking levels (1) and the elevator platform (3) guide bar (7). 9. Parking building according to claim 8, characterized in that the guide rail (7) is designed as an outer lateral boundary of a lane of a motor vehicle. 10. Parking building according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the carrier (4) on the side facing the guide bar (7) is provided with a guide bracket (8) which can be brought into abutment against the inner side of the wheel (6) of a motor vehicle is. 11. Parking building according to one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that the elevator platform (3) and areas of the parking spaces of the parking levels (1) with rails (9) for guiding rollers (10) of the carrier (4) are provided. 12. Parking building according to one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that the carrier (4) by means of a threaded spindle (11) are displaceable relative to the elevator platform ((3). 13. Park building according to claim 12, characterized in that in the end positions of the threaded spindle (11) the arms (5) by means of one at the ends of the threaded spindle (11) arranged rack (12) and in the swivel range on the arms (5) fixed gears (13) are pivotable. 14. Parking building according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that an alignment device for the straight position of at least one pair of wheels Motor vehicle is provided. 15. Parking building according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that an entry area (14) is provided with a retractable threshold (15). 16. Parking building according to claim 15, characterized in that the alignment device is arranged in front of the starting threshold (15). 17. Parking building according to claim 16, characterized in that the alignment device comprises two of the front wheels of a motor vehicle, pivotable and / or displaceable plate body (16). 18. Parking building according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that a catch device (20) for the wheels (6) of one side of a motor vehicle is provided in the entry area (14). 19. Parking building according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that on the tower (2) a protective grille (17) extending over its entire length is arranged, which in the entry and exit area of the elevator platform (3) each have a vertical recess having. 20. Park building according to claim 19, characterized in that the protective grille (17) is designed in the form of a network. 21. Parking building according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the vertical recess by means of length-adjustable, on the elevator platform and the upper region of the tower (2) attached protective grille can be covered. 22. Park building according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the tower (2) is mounted on a wheeled bogie (18). 23. Park building according to one of claims 1 to 22, characterized in that the parking levels (1) have different clear heights. 24. Parking building according to one of claims 1 to 23, characterized in that a locking device (19) is arranged in the region of each parking space. 25. Parking building according to claim 24, characterized in that the locking device (19) is designed in the form of a drivable, releasable braking element.

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