EP0303798B1 - Materialbahn, insbesondere Papiermaschinenfilz , Trockensieb, Filtermedium oder dergleichen - Google Patents

Materialbahn, insbesondere Papiermaschinenfilz , Trockensieb, Filtermedium oder dergleichen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0303798B1
EP0303798B1 EP88109911A EP88109911A EP0303798B1 EP 0303798 B1 EP0303798 B1 EP 0303798B1 EP 88109911 A EP88109911 A EP 88109911A EP 88109911 A EP88109911 A EP 88109911A EP 0303798 B1 EP0303798 B1 EP 0303798B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
web
substance
material according
fibres
soluble
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88109911A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0303798A2 (de
EP0303798A3 (en
Inventor
Helmut Hälker
Walter Best
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heimbach GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Thomas Josef Heimbach and Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomas Josef Heimbach and Co GmbH filed Critical Thomas Josef Heimbach and Co GmbH
Priority to AT88109911T priority Critical patent/ATE89351T1/de
Publication of EP0303798A2 publication Critical patent/EP0303798A2/de
Publication of EP0303798A3 publication Critical patent/EP0303798A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0303798B1 publication Critical patent/EP0303798B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F7/08—Felts
    • D21F7/083—Multi-layer felts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F1/00—Wet end of machines for making continuous webs of paper
    • D21F1/0027—Screen-cloths

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a ready-to-use web of material, in particular paper machine felt, dryer fabric, filter medium or the like, with a carrier material and fibers attached to it, all fibers being stable in an essentially neutral, aqueous medium.
  • Such material webs are used in many different ways in the industrial sector. They are known in particular as paper machine felts, dryer fabrics and as filter media.
  • the former usually consist of a carrier material and fibers attached to it. Carrier fabrics in single and multi-layer design, but also knitted fabrics or wire link belts can be used as the carrier material.
  • the fibers are usually connected to this carrier material by applying a corresponding nonwoven fabric to the carrier material and then needling it. However, there is also the possibility of forming threads from the fibers and connecting them to the carrier material, for example weaving them in and optionally needling them.
  • Plastic material is used almost without exception for the fibers as well as for the threads forming the carrier material, which is not only resistant to the paper stock and the neutral to weakly acidic liquid contained therein, but also compared to common acidic or basic solutions.
  • polyamide, polyester and polyacrylonitrile have established themselves as plastic materials.
  • polypropylene and PTFE fibers are also increasingly being used.
  • filter media are also often constructed similarly to those of paper machine felts. H. they consist of a carrier fabric or knitted fabric with a nonwoven fabric needled onto it. However, there are also filter media that do not have a special carrier fabric or the like, in which the felted fibers themselves also form the carrier material.
  • Paper machine clothing and filter media become clogged over time due to the accumulation of dirt particles.
  • the permeability which is crucial for their function, thus decreases continuously over time, i.e. the functionality of the paper machine felt or the filter medium deteriorates. They are therefore treated with a washing liquid at regular intervals. Since such paper machine clothing and also filter media often have a high liquid content before the treatment, the washing liquor must have a high concentration in order to compensate for the dilution effect when entering the felt. Overconcentrations that pollute wastewater are often the result.
  • Paper machine felts that are used in the press section of a paper machine are also subject to high pressure during operation and are strongly compressed in the process. After some time there is a permanent compression with the result that this effect also reduces the permeability, so that water drainage is impeded.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, material webs whose permeability deteriorates during operation due to deposits and / or mechanical stress, so that the original permeability can be restored with simple means.
  • the fibers consist at least partially of a substance which is soluble in such a basic or acidic, nucleo- or electrophilic, reductive or oxidative medium against which the carrier material is resistant.
  • fibers are to be used in the material web which are stable under normal operating conditions, but which can at least partially be removed by using a special solution.
  • a special solution By applying such a solution, the open volume within the felt product is increased, not only by at least partially removing the fibers, but also by washing away the dirt particles sitting on these fibers.
  • the proportion of these special fibers leaves adjust so that the original permeability is fully achieved again. Since the resolution according to the invention is limited to the part of the material web that is not load-bearing, the strength of the material web - essentially determined by the carrier material - is not impaired.
  • the fibers according to the invention need not be present, or not exclusively, in the form of a nonwoven.
  • Filling threads consisting of such fibers or also other filling material, such as, for example, packing or filling foams, are also covered by the invention. They can also be made wholly or in part from a material that is stable under normal operating conditions, but is soluble in one of the aforementioned media.
  • Plastic materials that are soluble in basic or acidic media, but are otherwise stable, are widely known.
  • a copolymer of vinyl acetate and a small amount of crotonic acid i.e. a polyvinyl acetate with free carboxyl groups
  • crotonic acid i.e. a polyvinyl acetate with free carboxyl groups
  • alkaline aqueous solutions If it is in the form of a low-viscosity block polymer, it can be extruded. It can be stabilized by adding vinyl acetate homopolymers or other synthetic resins. The latter can be present in equal parts with the former, a small percentage of dibutyl phthalate being added as a plasticizer (cf. DE-PS 27 03 005).
  • Esters of phthalic acid and pentaerythritol in the form of an ethanol- and alkali-soluble hard resin are also suitable.
  • Mixed polymers of unsaturated organic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and in particular maleidic anhydride, can also be used.
  • copolymers of maleic anhydride and ethyl vinyl ether are preferred, preferably in a ratio of 1: 1, copolymers of maleic anhydride, methacrylate and terpolymers of maleic anhydride, methacrylate and butyl acrylate, finally methacrylic acid or acrylic acid copolymers, in particular copolymers of acrylic acid with methacrylate .
  • They should be solvent-free and in particular in the form of block polymers. These polymers are soluble in basic solutions, but not in water (cf. DE-OS 31 26 979).
  • Particularly good properties in terms of elasticity, strength and defined resolving power in Alkaline media have polymers of 2.5 to 6 moles of at least one acrylate per mole or methacrylic acid, 0 to 0.5 moles of a termonomer, provided with customary polymerization additives.
  • the acrylate is preferably an ester with an alcohol having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, in particular methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate.
  • the polymer can be a copolymer or a terpolymer.
  • vinyl ethers with 3 to 18 carbon atoms in particular vinyl isobutyl ether, aromatic vinyl hydrocarbons with 8 to 11 carbon atoms, in particular styrene, acrylate or methacrylate with an alcohol residue with 1 to 18 carbon atoms, in particular n-butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate and stearyl methacrylate.
  • the molar ratio of acrylate to organic acids in the copolymers and also in the terpolymers should preferably be 3: 1 to 5: 1, in particular 4: 1.
  • the ratio of organic acid to the termonomers is preferably 1: 0.1 to 1: 0.4, in particular 1: 0.2 to 1: 0.3.
  • An initiator used for the polymerization can also be provided, in amounts of 0.5 to 25 mmol per mole of total monomer mixture.
  • the molecular weight of the polymer can be controlled by varying the amount.
  • Particularly preferred terpolymers are obtained from ethyl acrylate, methacrylic acid and vinyl isobutyl ether.
  • the aforementioned polymers are described in DE-OS 34 35 468 in connection with protective, packaging, agricultural and intermediate films.
  • the material web can thus be optimally adapted to the respective operating conditions in the sense that the original permeability of the material web can essentially be restored by treatment with the respective solvent.
  • both of the aforementioned variants can also be combined with one another in the sense that part of the fibers consist entirely of the substance and part of the fibers only partially consist of this substance.
  • the interface with the remaining fiber material should run in the longitudinal direction of the fibers, the soluble substance being intended to lie partly on the surface of the fiber.
  • the cross-sectional area distribution remains the same over the length of the fibers.
  • the cross-sectional proportion of the soluble substance varies over the length of the fibers, in order in extreme cases to achieve a division of the fibers when this material is removed.
  • the interface can run essentially transversely to the circumference of the fibers and have an S-shaped course.
  • the soluble substance forms at least one fiber cladding for a fiber core which is insoluble in the presence of this medium.
  • This design has the advantage that the entire surface of the fiber is dissolved during the dissolving process and the dirt particles deposited on it are thus washed away. Even if the fiber jacket is made relatively thin, this results in a high cleaning and opening effect.
  • the soluble substance forms a fiber jacket for a water-soluble fiber core.
  • a fiber constructed in this way requires only a small amount of the solvent to dissolve it, since only the fiber cladding has to be dissolved with this medium, while the further dissolution of the fibers can be done by water.
  • Polyvinyl alcohols are particularly suitable.
  • the soluble fibers can, however, also be constructed in such a way that the soluble substance is present as a fiber core and is surrounded by a fiber cladding which is soluble in an essentially neutral medium after a considerable delay and contains a solubilizer for the dissolution of the fiber core.
  • the solubilizer should predominantly exist at the interface to the fiber core.
  • a detergent is incorporated into the threads, which consist partially or entirely of the soluble substance. This can be done so that the substance encloses the detergent and / or that it is contained therein. In the latter case, this can be done by physically mixing the detergent with the substance, ie mechanically integrating the detergent, for example in the form of a powder, into a polymer matrix made of the detachable substance. The fibers can then be made from this mixture by extrusion.
  • the detergent can also be chemically bound to the substance formed as a polymeric carrier.
  • Polyacrylic acid esters for example, can be used as polymeric carriers for the detergent, via the ester bonds of which surfactant molecules are chemically linked.
  • polyacrylic acid esters are used as a film-like coating on z. B. applied polyamide fibers.
  • the surfactant is split off from the polymeric carrier and becomes effective as a detergent.
  • the remaining polyacrylic acid on the fiber surface depending on the degree of crosslinking, more or less quickly dissolves in water and, together with the dirt, peels off the fiber.
  • the dissolved polyacrylic acid has a good primary washing power and a high binding capacity for calcium ions.
  • polymers with free OH groups e.g. B. to use methylol groups.
  • This can be done e.g. B. obtained by reaction of phenol or resorcinol with formaldehyde.
  • Stearic acid can be bound to these free OH groups like an ester: The cleavage also occurs here in the alkaline medium.
  • Polyamides whose free amino end groups form a Schiff base with benzaldehyde can also be used as carriers.
  • a -CH2OH group in the 0 position can be used to add stearic acid form.
  • the fibers or a part thereof are constructed in multiple layers from different substances, the substances being soluble in media with different pH values. In this way, it is possible to dissolve the fibers built up in this way in several stages by appropriate application of solutions and thus repeatedly to restore the original permeability of the felt product. In the simplest case, the fiber then consists of a substance that is only soluble in acidic media and a substance that is only soluble in basic media. However, it is also possible to provide gradations within these areas.
  • the fibers or the cladding layer only partially contain the soluble substance, this can be done, for example, by physically mixing the soluble substance in the fibers or their cladding layer with a material that is resistant to the medium that dissolves the substance.
  • the fiber (1) shown in Figure (1) consists of two components, namely a polyamide (2) and an in a basic or acidic, nucleophilic or electrophilic, reductive or oxidative medium soluble substance (3).
  • the boundary surface extending in the longitudinal direction of the fiber (1) is S-shaped.
  • the substance (3) can be removed by using an appropriate solvent. This results in a corresponding loss of cross-section and mass, with the result that a paper machine felt, which at least partially consists of such fibers (1), becomes more open again. Dirt particles that have settled on the fabric (3) are also washed away.
  • the fiber (4) shown in FIG. (2) has a polyamide core (5) which is surrounded by a soluble substance (6) in the form of a jacket.
  • a detergent (7) is enclosed in a ring between the two. If a suitable solvent is used, the substance (6) is dissolved and then releases the detergent (7) after the dissolution. This results in a very uniform distribution of the detergent (7) which is adapted to the respective requirements, with the result that intensive cleaning also takes place inside the felt. Overconcentrations, which in the worst case can lead to an attack of the carrier material, are avoided, as are underconcentrations that only incompletely remove dirt particles. Otherwise, this fiber (4) has the advantage that all dirt particles that have settled on the coat are washed away when the substance (6) dissolves.
  • the fiber (8) shown in FIG. (3) also has a polyamide core (9) which is suitable for basic or acidic media is insoluble. It is surrounded by a total of three cladding layers (11, 12, 13) with an outwardly decreasing thickness.
  • Each of these cladding layers (10, 11, 12) consists of a different material, but all materials have in common that they are soluble in a basic or acidic medium, but are stable in an essentially neutral medium. However, the solubility of the materials is limited to certain pH ranges, and these ranges do not overlap.
  • the cladding layers (10, 11, 12) can thus be deliberately dissolved one after the other at intervals, so that the original permeability of the paper machine felt can be restored three times in accordance with the number of cladding layers (10, 11, 12). It is advantageous that the dirt particles sitting on the respective cladding layer (10, 11, 12) are also released and can be washed away.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
EP88109911A 1987-07-22 1988-06-22 Materialbahn, insbesondere Papiermaschinenfilz , Trockensieb, Filtermedium oder dergleichen Expired - Lifetime EP0303798B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88109911T ATE89351T1 (de) 1987-07-22 1988-06-22 Materialbahn, insbesondere papiermaschinenfilz , trockensieb, filtermedium oder dergleichen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3724159 1987-07-22
DE19873724159 DE3724159A1 (de) 1987-07-22 1987-07-22 Materialbahn, insbesondere papiermaschinenfilz, trockensieb, filtermedium oder dergleichen

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0303798A2 EP0303798A2 (de) 1989-02-22
EP0303798A3 EP0303798A3 (en) 1990-07-25
EP0303798B1 true EP0303798B1 (de) 1993-05-12

Family

ID=6332060

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88109911A Expired - Lifetime EP0303798B1 (de) 1987-07-22 1988-06-22 Materialbahn, insbesondere Papiermaschinenfilz , Trockensieb, Filtermedium oder dergleichen

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0303798B1 (fi)
AT (1) ATE89351T1 (fi)
DE (2) DE3724159A1 (fi)
ES (1) ES2045020T3 (fi)
FI (1) FI92848C (fi)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3776661D1 (de) 1987-12-18 1992-03-19 Albany Int Corp Genadelter pressfilz.
US5087327A (en) * 1990-07-09 1992-02-11 Albany International Corp. Pmc yarn with soluble monofilament core
US6461982B2 (en) 1997-02-27 2002-10-08 Micron Technology, Inc. Methods for forming a dielectric film
US6787213B1 (en) 1998-12-30 2004-09-07 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Smooth bulky creped paper product
DE19930464C1 (de) * 1999-07-01 2000-10-19 Heimbach Gmbh Thomas Josef Papiermaschinenfilz
DE202008016863U1 (de) 2008-01-31 2009-04-02 Voith Patent Gmbh Bespannung mit herauslösbarem Anteil

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4461803A (en) * 1983-04-13 1984-07-24 Ascoe Felts, Inc. Papermaker's felt having multi-layered base fabric
US4482601A (en) * 1983-05-31 1984-11-13 Albany International Corp. Wet press papermakers felt and method of fabrication
US4799998A (en) * 1983-08-01 1989-01-24 Albany International Corp. Papermachine clothing
US4569883A (en) * 1985-01-22 1986-02-11 Albany International Corp. Paper machine clothing
US4657806A (en) * 1985-03-25 1987-04-14 Albany International Corp. Wet press papermakers felt

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI92848B (fi) 1994-09-30
DE3880924D1 (de) 1993-06-17
FI92848C (fi) 1995-01-10
EP0303798A2 (de) 1989-02-22
FI883414A0 (fi) 1988-07-19
DE3724159A1 (de) 1989-02-02
FI883414A (fi) 1989-01-23
ES2045020T3 (es) 1994-01-16
ATE89351T1 (de) 1993-05-15
EP0303798A3 (en) 1990-07-25

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