EP0301271A2 - Method and device for grinding profiled work pieces - Google Patents

Method and device for grinding profiled work pieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0301271A2
EP0301271A2 EP88110632A EP88110632A EP0301271A2 EP 0301271 A2 EP0301271 A2 EP 0301271A2 EP 88110632 A EP88110632 A EP 88110632A EP 88110632 A EP88110632 A EP 88110632A EP 0301271 A2 EP0301271 A2 EP 0301271A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding wheel
grinding
workpiece
profiles
dressing roller
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Granted
Application number
EP88110632A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0301271A3 (en
EP0301271B1 (en
Inventor
Wlodzimierz Dr. Ing. Sawluk
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Saint Gobain Diamantwerkzeuge GmbH and Co KG
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Ernst Winter and Sohn Diamantwekzeuge GmbH and Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
    • B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
    • B24B53/075—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels for workpieces having a grooved profile, e.g. gears, splined shafts, threads, worms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
    • B24B19/08—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for grinding non-circular workpieces with profiles in a plunge-cut process on cylindrical grinding machines using a dressing roller kinematically coupled to the grinding wheel.
  • the profile shape of the workpieces and the grinding wheel circumference necessary for this have their course in the axial direction of the grinding wheel or the workpiece.
  • the profiles of the grinding wheel and workpiece do not deviate from a circular pro in their respective circumferential directions filform, but the profile dimensions in the respective sections of such workpieces or grinding wheels can have different diameters.
  • grinding wheels which have axially parallel grooves with a depth of 1 to max. wear about 1,000 ⁇ m. These grooves serve to be able to use different roughness depths, for example for rough grinding or fine grinding. For this they are at angular intervals of max. 1 ° arranged. These are micro-grooves that form narrow ridges or groove edges lying directly next to each other, which are effectively comparable to cutting edges.
  • a dressing roller is used, with which a fixed speed ratio which is dependent on the one hand on the number of grooves to be produced on the grinding wheel and on the other hand on the number of cutting edges of the dressing roller is maintained. For this purpose, such a dressing roller is positively coupled to the grinding wheel by a mechanical gear.
  • such a simplified and considerably faster grinding process is created by grinding wheel and workpiece Kinematically coupled with each other via a gearbox with which the required speeds of the workpiece and grinding wheel are to be brought into the necessary relationship to one another, whereby the dressing of the grinding wheel and the grinding of the workpiece take place with the grinding wheel inclined to the dressing roller and the workpiece are a mechanical transmission as well as an electrical coupling.
  • the grinding wheel can be provided continuously or stepwise with a corresponding profile by means of a corresponding kinematically coupled diamond dressing roller, which profile is to be transmitted from the grinding wheel in kinematic coupling to the workpiece.
  • both the diamond dressing roller and the grinding wheel have an involute-shaped tooth profile, for example.
  • This profile is transferred from the grinding wheel to the workpiece.
  • the toothing on the workpiece can be ground directly into the solid if it is a very small module, or a toothing on larger modules can only be done after hardening be ground, as is common in technology on other machine equipment.
  • the diamond dressing roller together with the grinding wheel and the workpiece form a type of gear, the kinematic coupling or the inevitable drive of the diamond dressing roller and workpiece taking place in relation to the number of teeth provided.
  • An essential feature or configuration of the invention can be seen in an inclined position of the grinding wheel from a common plane between the diamond dressing roller and the workpiece, for example by an angle of 25 ° in the axial direction of the grinding wheel.
  • Such an inclination is necessary in order to produce a grinding effect at the given cutting speeds, the grinding direction forming a resultant from the circumferential speed direction V s of the grinding wheel and the resulting speed V r in the axial direction of the workpiece.
  • the method of kinematically coupled grinding according to the invention is not limited to the machining of profiles of the type described above. Rather, by choosing the speed ratio between grinding wheel and workpiece with a single-profile profiled grinding wheel and a single-purpose dressing roller, multi-start threads of different pitch on the workpiece getting produced.
  • the arrangement shown in the drawing for grinding a workpiece 5 has a grinding wheel 1 with a profile 2, with which a dressing roller 3 is kinematically coupled, which in turn carries a profile 4.
  • Grinding wheel 1, dressing roller 3 and workpiece 5 have different diameters D1 or D3 and D2.
  • the peripheral speeds between the workpiece 5 and the grinding wheel 1 are different. They can be selected and changed by a mechanical coupling in this example between the grinding wheel 1 driven via its shaft 8 on the one hand with the workpiece 5 and on the other hand with the dressing roller 3.
  • the drive shaft 8 of the grinding wheel 1 is provided with a roller 9 on the two for this endless belts 14 and 16 for driving the dressing roller 3 and the workpiece roller 5.
  • the workpiece 5 is driven by the belt 16 via the deflection roll 13 and another belt 17 over the roller 11 of the tool and the drive of the dressing roller 3 over the belt 14 and the deflection roller 12 and another endless belt 15 and the pulley 10.
  • the rollers 12 and 13 are in accordance with the double arrow 12 and pivotable here and designed so that the directions of rotation are reversed from the input to the output side, so that the dressing roller 3 and the workpiece 5 both rotate counterclockwise according to the arrows.
  • the grinding of a profile on a polygonal workpiece 5 using the straight plunge grinding method is normally carried out in accordance with FIG. 2 using a grinding wheel with a circular circumferential surface on a cylindrical grinding machine with two supports, one of which requires support, in order to move the grinding wheel 1 perpendicular to the axis of the arrow 21 according to arrow 21 To move workpiece 5 forward and backward in order to generate the necessary profile.
  • the movement of this support in accordance with double arrow 21 is kinematically coupled to the workpiece 5 to be ground via a corresponding gear.
  • the second support available in known cylindrical grinding machines serves to bring about the required infeed movement during grinding according to arrow 20, which is only a hundredth of a mil in contact with the workpiece limit moving.
  • the grinding wheel 1 Due to the mechanical or kinematic coupling of the grinding wheel 1 to the workpiece 5 according to FIG. 1, it is possible, according to FIG. 3, with a suitably shaped grinding wheel 1 while omitting support with the reciprocating movement according to arrow 21 in FIG. 2 only under continuous infeed according to arrow 20 to grind a polygonal workpiece 5.
  • the grinding wheel 1 is approximately star-shaped. That is, the grinding wheel 1 is provided with three arcuate depressions arranged uniformly distributed over the circumference, the diameter difference t 2 forming, ie the difference between the smallest and the largest diameter of the grinding wheel in relation to the circumferential direction.
  • This difference t2 which is also referred to as the amplitude above, corresponds to the difference t1 of the workpiece, which results from the largest and its smallest diameter in cross section.
  • the grinding wheel 1 for carrying out the method is inclined to the plane between the diamond dressing roller 3 and the workpiece 5, namely by an angle of 25 °.
  • Such an inclination is necessary in order to produce a grinding effect at the given cutting speeds, V s forming the speed of the grinding wheel and V r the resultant in the axial direction of the workpiece, which produces the grinding effect, as can be seen in FIG. 5.
  • the new method of kinematically coupled grinding is not only limited to the profiles described above, such as those according to FIG. 3. Rather, it is possible to produce multi-start threads with different pitches by appropriately selecting the speed ratios between the grinding wheel and workpiece with a single-profile profiled grinding wheel and a single-sided dressing roller. If the grinding wheel and workpiece have the same rotational speeds in the case of a single thread of the grinding wheel 1, then a single thread also becomes on the workpiece 5 generated. If, on the other hand, the speed of the workpiece 5 is doubled, for example, a two-start thread is created.
  • the pitch of the thread can also be changed from left-handed to right-handed, for example.
  • Grinding disks with a wide variety of profile designs, for example as shown in FIG. 6, can also be used.

Abstract

Known methods of grinding profiles by the plunge-cut method on cylindrical grinding machines with the use of a dressing roll mechanically coupled to the grinding wheel have the disadvantage that the grinding machines provided for this purpose, in the plunge-cut and infeed direction, have two slide rests driven in different ways. One of the slide rests is coupled kinematically via a corresponding drive mechanism to the work piece to be ground, and the second slide rest carries out the requisite infeed movement during grinding. In order to provide a grinding system on cylindrical grinding machines for grinding profiles, in which grinding system one slide rest, for example for producing polygonal profiles, can be dispensed with, provision has recently been provided for the grinding wheel (1) and the work piece (5) to be kinematically coupled via a drive mechanism (12 - 17) with which the rotational speeds of work piece (5) and grinding wheel (1) are to be matched to one another. <??>In this arrangement, the dressing roll (3) and the work piece (5) can be driven via the grinding wheel (1), and it is possible, by changing the speed ratio between the grinding wheel (1) and the work piece (5), to produce profiles of different pitch with a single-start grinding wheel (1). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Anordung zum Schleifen vonunrunden Werkstücken mit Profilen im Einstechverfahren auf Rundschleifmaschinen unter Ver­wendung einer mit der Schleifscheibe kinematisch ge­koppelten Abrichtrolle.The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for grinding non-circular workpieces with profiles in a plunge-cut process on cylindrical grinding machines using a dressing roller kinematically coupled to the grinding wheel.

Bei bekannten Verfahren zum Erzeugen oder Fertigsch­leifen von Profilen an Werkstücken im Geradein­stechschleifverfahren haben die Profilform der Werk­stücke und der dazu notwendigen Schleifscheibenumflä­che ihren Verlauf in Achsrichtung der Schleifscheibe bzw. des Werkstückes. Die Profile von Schleifscheibe und Werkstück weisen in ihren jeweiligen Umfangsrich­tungen keine Abweichungen von einer kreisrunden Pro­ filform auf, wobei jedoch die Profilabmessungen in je­weiligen Abschnitten solcher Werkstücke bzw. Schleif­scheiben unterschiedliche Durchmesser haben können.In known methods for producing or finish grinding profiles on workpieces using the straight plunge grinding method, the profile shape of the workpieces and the grinding wheel circumference necessary for this have their course in the axial direction of the grinding wheel or the workpiece. The profiles of the grinding wheel and workpiece do not deviate from a circular pro in their respective circumferential directions filform, but the profile dimensions in the respective sections of such workpieces or grinding wheels can have different diameters.

Nach der DE-PS 3029039 sind Schleifscheiben bekannt, die auf ihrer Umfangsfläche achsparallele Rillen mit einer Tiefe von 1 bis max. etwa 1.000 um tragen. Diese Rillen dienen dazu, unterschiedliche Rauhtiefen bei­spielsweise für ein Grobschleifen oder auch ein Feinschleifen ausnutzen zu können. Sie sind dafür in Winkelabständen von max. 1° angeordnet. Es handelt sich dabei um Mikrorillen, die unmittelbar nebeneinan­der liegendzwischensichschmale Stege bzw. Rillenränden bilden, die wirkungsmäßig mit Schneiden vergleichbar sind. Um diese Rillen zu erzeugen wird eine Abricht­rolle benutzt, mit der ein festes, mit der Anzahl der an der Schleifscheibe zu erzeugenden Rillen einerseits und der Anzahl der Schneiden der Abrichtrolle anderer­seits abhängiges Drehzahlverhältnis aufrecht erhalten wird. Dafür ist eine solche Abrichtrolle mit der Schleifscheibe durch ein mechanisches Getriebe formschlüssig gekoppelt.According to DE-PS 3029039 grinding wheels are known which have axially parallel grooves with a depth of 1 to max. wear about 1,000 µm. These grooves serve to be able to use different roughness depths, for example for rough grinding or fine grinding. For this they are at angular intervals of max. 1 ° arranged. These are micro-grooves that form narrow ridges or groove edges lying directly next to each other, which are effectively comparable to cutting edges. In order to produce these grooves, a dressing roller is used, with which a fixed speed ratio which is dependent on the one hand on the number of grooves to be produced on the grinding wheel and on the other hand on the number of cutting edges of the dressing roller is maintained. For this purpose, such a dressing roller is positively coupled to the grinding wheel by a mechanical gear.

Mit derartigen Schleifscheiben, deren Schleiffläche in der Praxis als zylindrische Umfangsfläche wirksam ist, lassen sich zwar auch Polygonprofile an Werkstück­ken schleifen. Ein Nachteil der dazu angewandten Schleifverfahren ist es jedoch, daß entsprechende Schleifmaschinen in der Einstech- bzw. Zustellrichtung zwei verschiedenartig angetriebene Supporte aufweisen müssen. Ein Support ist notwendig, um die entsprechen­den Bewegungen senkrecht zu der Achse des Werkstückes vorwärts und rückwärts zur Erzeugung des notwendigen Profiles herbeizuführen. Die Bewegung dieses Supports ist kinematisch über ein entsprechendes Getriebe mit dem zu schleifenden Werkstück gekoppelt. Der zweite Support dient dafür, die erforderliche Zustellbewegung beim Schleifen durchzuführen, die sich bekanntlich im Werkstückkontakt nur in Hundertsteln von Millimetern bewegt.With grinding wheels of this type, the grinding surface of which is effective in practice as a cylindrical peripheral surface, polygon profiles can also be ground on workpiece centers. A disadvantage of the applied However, it is grinding process that corresponding grinding machines must have two differently driven supports in the plunge or infeed direction. Support is necessary to bring about the corresponding movements perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece forwards and backwards to generate the necessary profile. The movement of this support is kinematically coupled to the workpiece to be ground via a corresponding gear. The second support is used to carry out the required infeed movement during grinding, which is known to only move in hundredths of a millimeter in workpiece contact.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Schleifsystem auf Rundschleifmaschinen zum Schleifen von Profilen zu schaffen, bei dessen Anwendung ein Support zur Erzeugung der entsprechenden Profile, bei­spielsweise Polygonprofile, entfallen kann. Notwendig soll allein ein Support bleiben, nämlich derjenige, der die Zustellbewegung im Werkstückschleifscheibe­nkontakt im Bereich von Hundertsteln oder Tausendsteln von Millimetern ausführt.It is an object of the present invention to provide a grinding system on cylindrical grinding machines for grinding profiles, the use of which does not require support for generating the corresponding profiles, for example polygon profiles. Only one support should remain, namely the one that carries out the infeed movement in contact with the workpiece grinding wheel in the range of hundredths or thousandths of a millimeter.

Erfindungsgemäß wird ein derart vereinfachtes und er­heblich schneller durchzuführendes Schleifverfahren dadurch geschaffen, daß Schleifscheibe und Werkstück über ein Getriebe kinematisch miteinander gekoppelt werden mit dem die erforderlichen Drehzahlen von Werk­stück und Schleifscheibe zueinander in das notwendige Verhältnis zu bringen sind, wobei das Abrichten der Schleifscheibe und das Schleifen des Werkstückes unter Schrägstellung der Schleifscheibe zu der Abrichtrolle und dem Werkstück erfolgt.Dabei kann es sich um ein mechanisches Getriebe wie auch um eine elektrische Kopplunghandeln.According to the invention, such a simplified and considerably faster grinding process is created by grinding wheel and workpiece Kinematically coupled with each other via a gearbox with which the required speeds of the workpiece and grinding wheel are to be brought into the necessary relationship to one another, whereby the dressing of the grinding wheel and the grinding of the workpiece take place with the grinding wheel inclined to the dressing roller and the workpiece are a mechanical transmission as well as an electrical coupling.

Zweckmäßig ist es , wenn die Schleifscheibe durch eine entsprechende kinematisch gekoppelte Diamantabricht­rolle fortlaufend oder stufenweise mit einem entspre­chenden Profil versehen werden kann, das von der Schleifscheibe in kinematischer Kopplung auf das Werk­stück zu übertragen ist.It is expedient if the grinding wheel can be provided continuously or stepwise with a corresponding profile by means of a corresponding kinematically coupled diamond dressing roller, which profile is to be transmitted from the grinding wheel in kinematic coupling to the workpiece.

Handelt es sich beispielsweise um das Schleifen einer Evolventenverzahnung, so haben sowohl die Diamantab­richtrolle als auch die Schleifscheibe ein beispiels­weise evolventenförmiges Zahnprofil. Dieses Profil wird von der Schleifscheibe auf das Werkstück übertra­gen. Dabei kann die Verzahnung am Werkstück direkt in das Volle geschliffen werden, wenn es sich um sehr kleine Module handelt, oder es kann eine Verzahnung bei größeren Modulen lediglich nach dem Härten nachge­ schliffen werden, wie es in der Technik auch auf ande­ren Maschineneinrichtungen üblich ist.For example, if an involute toothing is ground, both the diamond dressing roller and the grinding wheel have an involute-shaped tooth profile, for example. This profile is transferred from the grinding wheel to the workpiece. The toothing on the workpiece can be ground directly into the solid if it is a very small module, or a toothing on larger modules can only be done after hardening be ground, as is common in technology on other machine equipment.

Im Falle einer erfindungsgemäßen Verzahnung bilden Diamantabrichtrolle mit der Schleifscheibe und dem Werkstück zusammen eine Art von Getriebe, wobei die kinematische Kopplung bzw. der zwangsläufige Antrieb von Diamantabrichtrolle und Werkstück im verhältnis der vorgesehenen Zähnezahlen erfolgt.In the case of a toothing according to the invention, the diamond dressing roller together with the grinding wheel and the workpiece form a type of gear, the kinematic coupling or the inevitable drive of the diamond dressing roller and workpiece taking place in relation to the number of teeth provided.

Aber nicht nur solche Profile, unter die beispiels­weise auch Kerbverzahnungen fallen, können gemäß der Erfindung auf eine neue und höchst wirtschaftliche Weise geschliffen werden, sondern auch Polygonprofile, die bisher zu ihrer Erzeugung einen zusätzlichen ki­nematisch mit dem Werkstück gekoppelten Support benö­tigten. In derartigen Fällen wird der Schleifscheibe über eine entsprechend dem Werkstück geformte Diaman­tabrichtrolle die bisher völlig unübliche Form gege­ben, bei welcher die Umfangsfläche extrem große sicht­bare Durchmesserdifferenzen aufweist, die 0,5 bis 60 mm betragen können. Eine derartige Schleifscheibe er­scheint im Querschnitt annähernd sternförmig, und weist unter regelmäßig wiederkehrenden Winkellagen Profile unterschiedlicher Amplituden auf.However, not only those profiles, which also include serrations, for example, can be ground in a new and highly economical manner according to the invention, but also polygon profiles that previously required additional support kinematically coupled to the workpiece for their generation. In such cases, the grinding wheel is given the previously completely unusual shape via a diamond dressing roller shaped according to the workpiece, in which the peripheral surface has extremely large visible diameter differences, which can be 0.5 to 60 mm. Such a grinding wheel appears approximately star-shaped in cross-section and has profiles of different amplitudes at regularly recurring angular positions.

Ein wesentliches Merkmal bzw. eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist in einer Schrägstellung der Schleif­scheibe aus einer gemeinsamen Ebene zwischen der Dia­mantabrichtrolle und dem Werkstück heraus zu sehen, und zwar beispielsweise um einen Winkel der Schräg­stellung von 25° in Achsrichtung der Schleifscheibe. Eine solche Schrägstellung ist erforderlich, um bei den gegebenen Schnittgeschwindigkeiten einen Schlei­feffekt zu erzeugen, wobei die Schleifrichtung eine Resultierende bildet aus der Umfangsgeschwindigkeits­richtung Vs der Schleifscheibe und der resultierenden Geschwindigkeit Vr in Achsrichtung des Werkstückes.An essential feature or configuration of the invention can be seen in an inclined position of the grinding wheel from a common plane between the diamond dressing roller and the workpiece, for example by an angle of 25 ° in the axial direction of the grinding wheel. Such an inclination is necessary in order to produce a grinding effect at the given cutting speeds, the grinding direction forming a resultant from the circumferential speed direction V s of the grinding wheel and the resulting speed V r in the axial direction of the workpiece.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren des kinematisch gekop­pelten Schleifens beschränkt sich im übrigen nicht nur auf die Bearbeitung von Profilen der vorbeschriebenen Art. Es können vielmehr durch Wahl des Drehzahlver­hältnisses zwischen Schleifscheibe und Werkstück mit einer eingängig profilierten Schleifscheibe wie auch einer eingängigen Abrichtrolle mehrgängige Gewinde un­terschiedlicher Steigung auf dem Werkstück hergestellt werden.The method of kinematically coupled grinding according to the invention is not limited to the machining of profiles of the type described above. Rather, by choosing the speed ratio between grinding wheel and workpiece with a single-profile profiled grinding wheel and a single-purpose dressing roller, multi-start threads of different pitch on the workpiece getting produced.

Haben Schleifscheibe und Werkstück bei einem eingängi­gen Gewinde der Schleifscheibe gleiche Drehzahlen, so entsteht auf dem Werkstück ein eingängiges Gewinde. Wird die Drehzahl des Werkstückes beispielsweise ver­ doppelt, so entsteht ein zweigängiges Gewinde und so fort. Es läßt sich also erkennen, daß es zahlreiche Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des erfindungsgemäß gekoppel­ten kinematischen Schleifens gibt.If the grinding wheel and the workpiece have the same speeds with a single thread of the grinding wheel, a single thread is created on the workpiece. For example, the speed of the workpiece double, this creates a two-start thread and so on. It can thus be seen that there are numerous possible uses for the kinematic grinding coupled according to the invention.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf eine Zeichnung erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

  • Figur 1: Eine Schleifscheibe mit mechanisch gekoppel­tem Werkstück und mechanisch gekoppelter Ab­richtrolle.
  • Figur 2: Eine Anordnung zum Profilschleifen auf einer bekannten Rundschleifmaschine.
  • Figur 3: Eine sternförmige Schleifscheibe mit einem Profilwerkstück.
  • Figur 4: Die Draufsicht auf eine zu einem Werkstück und einer Abrichtrolle schräg gestellten Schleifscheibe.
  • Figur 5: Die Darstellung von Geschwindigkeitvektoren.
  • Figur 6: Eine Profilschleifscheibe im Längsschnitt.
Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to a drawing. The drawing shows:
  • Figure 1: A grinding wheel with a mechanically coupled workpiece and a mechanically coupled dressing roller.
  • Figure 2: An arrangement for profile grinding on a known cylindrical grinding machine.
  • Figure 3: A star-shaped grinding wheel with a profile workpiece.
  • Figure 4: The top view of a grinding wheel inclined to a workpiece and a dressing roller.
  • Figure 5: The representation of speed vectors.
  • Figure 6: A profile grinding wheel in longitudinal section.

Die in der Zeichnung wiedergegebene Anordnung zum Schleifen eines Werkstückes 5 weist eine Schleif­scheibe 1 mit einem Profil 2 auf, mit der eine Ab­richtrolle 3 kinematisch gekoppelt ist, die ihrerseits ein Profil 4 trägt.The arrangement shown in the drawing for grinding a workpiece 5 has a grinding wheel 1 with a profile 2, with which a dressing roller 3 is kinematically coupled, which in turn carries a profile 4.

Schleifscheibe 1, Abrichtrolle 3 und Werkstück 5 wei­sen unterschiedliche Durchmesser D₁ bzw. D₃ und D₂ auf.Grinding wheel 1, dressing roller 3 and workpiece 5 have different diameters D₁ or D₃ and D₂.

Zum Erzeugen eines Profiles 6 im Werkstück 5 durch Schleifen mittels der Schleifscheibe 1 mit ihrem Pro­fil 2 sind die Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten zwischen dem Werkstück 5 und der Schleifscheibe 1 unterschiedlich. Sie lassen sich auswählen und verändern durch eine in diesem Beispiel mechanische Kopplung zwischen der über ihre Welle 8 angetriebenen Schleifscheibe 1 einerseits mit dem Werkstück 5 und andererseits mit der Abricht­rolle 3. Die Antriebswelle 8 der Schleifscheibe 1 ist dafür mit einer Rolle 9 versehen auf der zwei endlose Riemen 14 und 16 für den Antrieb der Abrichtrolle 3 und der Werkstückrolle 5 liegen. Der Antrieb des Werk­stückes 5 erfolgt durch den Riemen 16 über die Umlenk­ rolle 13 und einen weiteren Riemen 17 über die Rolle 11 des Werkzeuges und der Antrieb der Abrichtrolle 3 über den Riemen 14 und die Umlenkrolle 12 sowie einen weiteren endlosen Riemen 15 und die Scheibe 10. Die Rollen 12 und 13 sind entsprechend dem Doppelpfeil 12 hin und her schwenkbar und so ausgebildet, daß die Drehrichtungen von der Eingangs- zur Ausgangsseite um­gekehrt werden, so daß die Abrichtrolle 3 und das Werkstück 5 entsprechend den Pfeilen beide gegen den Uhrzeigersinn rotieren.To create a profile 6 in the workpiece 5 by grinding using the grinding wheel 1 with its profile 2, the peripheral speeds between the workpiece 5 and the grinding wheel 1 are different. They can be selected and changed by a mechanical coupling in this example between the grinding wheel 1 driven via its shaft 8 on the one hand with the workpiece 5 and on the other hand with the dressing roller 3. The drive shaft 8 of the grinding wheel 1 is provided with a roller 9 on the two for this endless belts 14 and 16 for driving the dressing roller 3 and the workpiece roller 5. The workpiece 5 is driven by the belt 16 via the deflection roll 13 and another belt 17 over the roller 11 of the tool and the drive of the dressing roller 3 over the belt 14 and the deflection roller 12 and another endless belt 15 and the pulley 10. The rollers 12 and 13 are in accordance with the double arrow 12 and pivotable here and designed so that the directions of rotation are reversed from the input to the output side, so that the dressing roller 3 and the workpiece 5 both rotate counterclockwise according to the arrows.

Das Schleifen eines Profiles an einem polygonförmigen Werkstück 5 im Geradeinstechschleifverfahren erfolgt normalerweise entsprechend Figur 2 unter Anwendung ei­ner Schleifscheib mit kreisrunder Umfangsfläche auf einer Rundschleifmaschine mit zwei Supporten von denen der eine Support notwendig ist, um entsprechend dem Pfeil 21 die Schleifscheibe 1 senkrecht zu der Achse des Werkstückes 5 vorwärts und rückwärts zwecks Erzeu­gung des notwendigen Profiles zu bewegen. Die Bewegung dieses Supports entsprechend Doppelpfeil 21 ist ki­nematisch über ein entsprechendes Getriebe mit dem zu schleifenden Werkstück 5 gekoppelt. Der bei bekannten Rundschleifmaschinen vorhandene zweite Support dient dazu, die erforderliche Zustellbewegung beim Schleifen entsprechend dem Pfeil 20 herbeizuführen, die sich im Kontakt mit dem Werkstück nur um Hundertstel von Mil­ limetern bewegt.The grinding of a profile on a polygonal workpiece 5 using the straight plunge grinding method is normally carried out in accordance with FIG. 2 using a grinding wheel with a circular circumferential surface on a cylindrical grinding machine with two supports, one of which requires support, in order to move the grinding wheel 1 perpendicular to the axis of the arrow 21 according to arrow 21 To move workpiece 5 forward and backward in order to generate the necessary profile. The movement of this support in accordance with double arrow 21 is kinematically coupled to the workpiece 5 to be ground via a corresponding gear. The second support available in known cylindrical grinding machines serves to bring about the required infeed movement during grinding according to arrow 20, which is only a hundredth of a mil in contact with the workpiece limit moving.

Durch die mechanische bzw. kinematische Kopplung der Schleifscheibe 1 mit dem Werkstück 5 entsprechend der Figur 1 ist es möglich, entsprechend Figur 3 mit einer geeignet geformten Schleifscheibe 1 unter Fortlassung des Supportes mit der hin- und hergehenden Bewegung entsprechend Pfeil 21 der Figur 2 nur unter fortlau­fender Zustellung entsprechend Pfeil 20 ein polygon­förmiges Werkstück 5 zu schleifen. Die Schleifscheibe 1 ist dafür etwa sternförmig ausgebildet. D.h., die Schleifscheibe 1 ist mit drei gleichförmig über dem Umfang verteilt angeordneten bogenförmigen Vertiefun­gen versehen, wobei die Durchmesserdifferenz t₂ bil­det, d.h. die Differenz zwischen dem geringsten und dem größten Durchmesser der Schleifscheibe bezogen auf die Umfangsrichtung. Diese Differenz t₂, die vorste­hend auch als Amplitude bezeichnet ist, entspricht der Differenz t₁ des Werkstückes, die sich ergibt aus dem größten und seinem geringsten Durchmesser im Quer­schnitt. Dadurch liegt eine fortlaufende Anlage vor zwischen dem Werkstück 5 einerseits und der Schleif­scheibe 1 andererseits, wodurch das entsprechende Pro­fil erzeugt wird.Due to the mechanical or kinematic coupling of the grinding wheel 1 to the workpiece 5 according to FIG. 1, it is possible, according to FIG. 3, with a suitably shaped grinding wheel 1 while omitting support with the reciprocating movement according to arrow 21 in FIG. 2 only under continuous infeed according to arrow 20 to grind a polygonal workpiece 5. For this purpose, the grinding wheel 1 is approximately star-shaped. That is, the grinding wheel 1 is provided with three arcuate depressions arranged uniformly distributed over the circumference, the diameter difference t 2 forming, ie the difference between the smallest and the largest diameter of the grinding wheel in relation to the circumferential direction. This difference t₂, which is also referred to as the amplitude above, corresponds to the difference t₁ of the workpiece, which results from the largest and its smallest diameter in cross section. As a result, there is a continuous contact between the workpiece 5 on the one hand and the grinding wheel 1 on the other hand, as a result of which the corresponding profile is generated.

Bei der Anordnung nach Figur 4 ist die Schleifscheibe 1 zum Ausüben des Verfahrens schräg gestellt zu der Ebene zwischen der Diamantabrichtrolle 3 und dem Werk­stück 5, und zwar um einen Winkel in der Größe von 25°. Eine solche Schrägstellung ist erforderlich, um bei den gegebenen Schnittgeschwindigkeiten einen Schleifeffekt zu erzeugen, wobei Vs die Geschwindig­keit der Schleifscheibe bildet und Vr die Resultieren­de in Achsrichtung des Werkstückes, die den Schleifef­fekt hervorruft, wie Figur 5 erkennen läßt.In the arrangement according to FIG. 4, the grinding wheel 1 for carrying out the method is inclined to the plane between the diamond dressing roller 3 and the workpiece 5, namely by an angle of 25 °. Such an inclination is necessary in order to produce a grinding effect at the given cutting speeds, V s forming the speed of the grinding wheel and V r the resultant in the axial direction of the workpiece, which produces the grinding effect, as can be seen in FIG. 5.

Das neue Verfahren des kinematisch gekoppelten Schlei­fens beschränkt sich nicht nur auf vorbeschriebene Profile wie beispielsweise solche nach Figur 3. Es können vielmehr durch geeignete Wahl der Drehzahlver­hältnisse zwischen Schleifscheibe und Werkstück mit einer eingängig profilierten Schleifscheibe und einer eingängigen Abrichtrolle mehrgängige Gewinde unter­schiedlicher Steigung hergesstellt werden. Weisen Schleifscheibe und Werkstück bei einem eingängigen Ge­winde der Schleifscheibe 1 gleiche Drehzahlen auf, so wird auf dem Werkstück 5 auch ein eingängiges Gewinde erzeugt. Wird hingegen die Drehzahl des Werkstückes 5 beispielsweise verdoppelt, so entsteht ein zweigän­giges Gewinde.The new method of kinematically coupled grinding is not only limited to the profiles described above, such as those according to FIG. 3. Rather, it is possible to produce multi-start threads with different pitches by appropriately selecting the speed ratios between the grinding wheel and workpiece with a single-profile profiled grinding wheel and a single-sided dressing roller. If the grinding wheel and workpiece have the same rotational speeds in the case of a single thread of the grinding wheel 1, then a single thread also becomes on the workpiece 5 generated. If, on the other hand, the speed of the workpiece 5 is doubled, for example, a two-start thread is created.

Durch Umkehrung der Drehrichtung des Werkstückes kann auch noch die Steigung des Gewindes von beispielsweise linksgängig in rechtsgängig geändert werden. Dabei können auch Schleifscheiben von unterschiedlichster Profilgestaltung entsprechend beispielsweise Figur 6 zum Einsatz kommen.By reversing the direction of rotation of the workpiece, the pitch of the thread can also be changed from left-handed to right-handed, for example. Grinding disks with a wide variety of profile designs, for example as shown in FIG. 6, can also be used.

Claims (6)

1. Verfahren zum Schleifen von unrunden Werkstücken im Einstechverfahren auf Rundschleifmaschinen unter Verwendung einer mit der Schleifscheibe mechanisch gekoppelten Abrichtrolle, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schleifscheibe (1) und das Werkstück (5) durch ein Getriebe (12-17) kinematisch gekoppelt werden, mit dem die Drehzahlen vom Werkstück (5) und Schleifscheibe (1) aufeinander abzustimmen sind, wobei dasAbrichten der Schleifscheibe (1) und das Schleifen des Werkstückes (5) unter Schrägstel­lung der Schleifscheibe (1) zu der Abrichtrolle (3) und dem Werkstück (5) erfolgt.1. A method for grinding non-circular workpieces in the plunge process on cylindrical grinding machines using a dressing roller mechanically coupled to the grinding wheel, characterized in that the grinding wheel (1) and the workpiece (5) are kinematically coupled by a gear (12-17) The speeds of the workpiece (5) and grinding wheel (1) must be coordinated with one another, whereby the dressing of the grinding wheel (1) and the grinding of the workpiece (5) with the grinding wheel (1) inclined to the dressing roller (3) and the workpiece (5 ) he follows. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet durch die Anwendung einer Schleifscheibe (1), die durch grö­ßere Durchmesserdifferenzen unter regelmäßig wie­ derkehrenden Winkellagen Profile unterschiedlicher Amplituden aufweist.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized by the use of a grinding wheel (1), which by regularly larger diameter differences such as reversing angular positions has profiles of different amplitudes. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2 dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Durchmesserdifferenzen in Umfangsrichtung der Schleifscheibe (1) 0,5-60 mm betragen und die sich dabei ergebenden Profile regelmäßig wiederkeh­rend über den Umfang der Schleifscheibe (1) ver­teilt angeordnet sind.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the diameter differences in the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel (1) amount to 0.5-60 mm and the resulting profiles are regularly distributed over the circumference of the grinding wheel (1). 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die einer durch eine entsprechende Steigung auf der Abrichtrolle erzeugte Schhleifscheibenprofil­steigung durch Änderung des Drehzahlverhältnisses zwischen der Schleifscheibe (1) und dem Werkstück (5) Profile unterschiedlicher Steigungen wie mehr­gängige Gewindeprofile mit einer eingängigen Schleifscheibe (1) erzeugt werden.4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinding wheel profile slope generated by a corresponding pitch on the dressing roller by changing the speed ratio between the grinding wheel (1) and the workpiece (5) profiles of different pitches such as multi-thread profiles with a single-thread grinding wheel (1 ) be generated. 5. Anordnung zum Schleifen von unrunden Werkstücken im Einstechverfahren auf Rundschleifmaschinen mit einer Schleifscheibe und einer mit dieser kinema­tisch gekoppelten Abrichtrolle, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Schleifscheibe (1) und das Werk­stück (5) durch ein Getriebe kinematisch gekoppelt sind, und die Schleifscheibe (1) schräggestellt ist zu der Abrichtrolle (3) und dem Werkstück (5).5. Arrangement for grinding non-circular workpieces in the plunge-cut method on cylindrical grinding machines with a grinding wheel and a dressing roller kinematically coupled to this, characterized in that the grinding wheel (1) and the workpiece (5) are kinematically coupled by a gear, and the grinding wheel (1 ) is inclined to the dressing roller (3) and the workpiece (5). 6. Anordnung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abrichtrolle (3) und das mit der Schleif­scheibe mechanisch gekoppelte Werkstück (5) achspa­rallel angeordnet sind.6. Arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the dressing roller (3) and the mechanically coupled to the grinding wheel workpiece (5) are arranged axially parallel.
EP88110632A 1987-07-29 1988-07-04 Method and device for grinding profiled work pieces Expired - Lifetime EP0301271B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873725024 DE3725024A1 (en) 1987-07-29 1987-07-29 METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR GRINDING WORKPIECES WITH PROFILES
DE3725024 1987-07-29

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EP0301271A2 true EP0301271A2 (en) 1989-02-01
EP0301271A3 EP0301271A3 (en) 1989-12-20
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EP (1) EP0301271B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0696221B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3725024A1 (en)
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US6140211A (en) * 1998-07-24 2000-10-31 Lucent Technologies Inc. Method for recycling wafers used for quality assurance testing of integrated circuit fabrication equipment
US6581925B1 (en) 2000-03-14 2003-06-24 Illbruck Gmbh Feeder and retard rollers, and method of maximizing lifetime of rollers
JP5539178B2 (en) * 2010-12-13 2014-07-02 株式会社コンドウ Oscillating grinding method for irregularly shaped workpieces and oscillating grinding machine
RU2572675C1 (en) * 2014-09-16 2016-01-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ульяновская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия имени П.А. Столыпина" Method of treatment of bushing internal surface
CN106074347A (en) * 2016-07-28 2016-11-09 扬中市锦丰工业设计有限公司 Anti-bacterium hand cream

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DE2810562A1 (en) * 1978-03-10 1979-09-13 Naxos Union Schleifmittel Grinder for out of round or eccentric work - uses grinding wheels dressed to suit work and rotated synchronously with work
DE3029039C2 (en) * 1980-07-31 1984-12-13 Ernst Winter & Sohn ( GmbH & Co.), 2000 Hamburg Peripheral grinding wheel and method for dressing a peripheral grinding wheel and device for carrying out the method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0301271A3 (en) 1989-12-20
JPH0696221B2 (en) 1994-11-30
JPS6445559A (en) 1989-02-20
EP0301271B1 (en) 1992-03-04
US4974367A (en) 1990-12-04
DE3868754D1 (en) 1992-04-09
DE3725024A1 (en) 1989-02-09
ES2030796T3 (en) 1992-11-16

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