EP0301271B1 - Method and device for grinding profiled work pieces - Google Patents

Method and device for grinding profiled work pieces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0301271B1
EP0301271B1 EP88110632A EP88110632A EP0301271B1 EP 0301271 B1 EP0301271 B1 EP 0301271B1 EP 88110632 A EP88110632 A EP 88110632A EP 88110632 A EP88110632 A EP 88110632A EP 0301271 B1 EP0301271 B1 EP 0301271B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
grinding wheel
workpiece
work piece
round
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EP88110632A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0301271A3 (en
EP0301271A2 (en
Inventor
Wlodzimierz Dr. Ing. Sawluk
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Saint Gobain Diamantwerkzeuge GmbH and Co KG
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Ernst Winter and Sohn Diamantwekzeuge GmbH and Co
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
    • B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
    • B24B53/075—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels for workpieces having a grooved profile, e.g. gears, splined shafts, threads, worms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
    • B24B19/08—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and an arrangement according to the preamble of claim 4.
  • the profile shape of the workpieces and the necessary grinding wheel circumference have their course in the axial direction of the grinding wheel or the workpiece.
  • the profiles of the grinding wheel and workpiece point in their respective circumferential directions no deviations from a circular profile shape, but the profile dimensions in the respective sections of such workpieces or grinding wheels can have different diameters.
  • grinding wheels which have axially parallel grooves with a depth of 1 to max. wear about 1,000 ⁇ m. These grooves serve to be able to use different roughness depths, for example for rough grinding or fine grinding. For this they are at angular intervals of max. 1 ° arranged. These are micro-grooves that form narrow webs or groove edges lying side by side between them, which are effectively comparable to cutting edges.
  • a dressing roller is used, with which a fixed speed ratio which is dependent on the one hand on the number of grooves to be produced on the grinding wheel and on the other hand on the number of cutting edges of the dressing roller is maintained. For this purpose, such a dressing roller is positively coupled to the grinding wheel by a mechanical gear.
  • Arrangements for grinding profiles, in which support for the generation of the corresponding profiles, for example polygon profiles, is dispensed with are more advantageous.
  • a non-round workpiece, a non-round grinding wheel and a non-round dressing roller are coupled to one another by a kinematic transmission with which the speeds are to be coordinated with one another.
  • Alone in coordinating the rotation of the workpiece and the dressing tool in such a way that their peripheral speeds are the same and their rotation ratio to the grinding wheel Whole number is not sufficient grinding effect due to a relative cutting speed between the grinding wheel and workpiece on the one hand and grinding wheel and dressing roller on the other.
  • this can be achieved if, according to the invention, an inclination takes place from the grinding wheel to the workpiece and with respect to the dressing roller. This results in an increased grinding effect, which shortens the grinding process.
  • both the diamond dressing roller and the grinding wheel have an involute-shaped tooth profile, for example.
  • This profile is transferred from the grinding wheel to the workpiece.
  • the toothing on the workpiece can be ground directly into the solid if it is a very small module, or a toothing on larger modules can only be reground after hardening be, as is common in technology on other machine equipment.
  • the diamond dressing roller together with the grinding wheel and the workpiece form a type of gear, the kinematic coupling or the inevitable drive of the diamond dressing roller and workpiece taking place in relation to the number of teeth provided.
  • An essential feature or configuration of the invention can be seen in an inclined position of the grinding wheel from a common plane between the diamond dressing roller and the workpiece, for example by an angle of 25 ° in the axial direction of the grinding wheel.
  • Such an inclination is required in order to produce a grinding effect at the given cutting speeds, the grinding direction forming a resultant from the circumferential speed direction V s of the grinding wheel and the resulting speed V r in the axial direction of the workpiece.
  • the method of kinematically coupled grinding according to the invention is not limited to the machining of profiles of the type described above. Rather, by choosing the speed ratio between grinding wheel and workpiece with a single-profile profiled grinding wheel and a single-purpose dressing roller, multi-start threads of different pitch on the workpiece getting produced.
  • the arrangement shown in the drawing for grinding a workpiece 5 has a grinding wheel 1 with a profile 2, with which a dressing roller 3 is kinematically coupled, which in turn carries a profile 4.
  • Grinding wheel 1, dressing roller 3 and workpiece 5 have different diameters D1 or D3 and D2.
  • the peripheral speeds between the workpiece 5 and the grinding wheel 1 are different. They can be selected and changed by a mechanical coupling in this example between the grinding wheel 1 driven by its shaft 8 on the one hand with the workpiece 5 and on the other hand with the dressing roller 3.
  • the drive shaft 8 of the grinding wheel 1 is provided with a roller 9 on the two endless belts 14 and 16 for driving the dressing roller 3 and the workpiece roller 5.
  • the workpiece 5 is driven by the belt 16 via the deflection roller 13 and a further belt 17 via the roller 11 of the tool and the drive of the dressing roller 3 via the belt 14 and the deflection roller 12 as well as a further endless belt 15 and the disk 10.
  • the rollers 12 and 13 are to and fro according to the double arrow 12 pivotable and designed so that the directions of rotation are reversed from the input to the output side, so that the dressing roller 3 and the workpiece 5 both rotate counterclockwise according to the arrows.
  • the grinding of a profile on a polygonal workpiece 5 using the straight plunge grinding method is normally carried out in accordance with FIG. 2 using a grinding wheel with a circular circumferential surface on a cylindrical grinding machine with two supports, one of which requires support, in order to move the grinding wheel 1 perpendicular to the axis of the arrow 21 To move workpiece 5 forward and backward in order to generate the necessary profile.
  • the movement of this support in accordance with double arrow 21 is kinematically coupled to the workpiece 5 to be ground via a corresponding gear.
  • the second support available in known cylindrical grinding machines serves to bring about the required infeed movement during grinding according to arrow 20, which is only a hundredth of a millimeter in contact with the workpiece emotional.
  • the grinding wheel 1 Due to the mechanical or kinematic coupling of the grinding wheel 1 with the workpiece 5 according to FIG. 1, it is possible, according to FIG. 3, with a suitably shaped grinding wheel 1 while omitting support with the reciprocating movement according to arrow 21 in FIG. 2 only under continuous infeed according to arrow 20 to grind a polygonal workpiece 5.
  • the grinding wheel 1 is approximately star-shaped. That is, the grinding wheel 1 is provided with three arcuate depressions arranged uniformly distributed over the circumference, the diameter difference t 2 forming, ie the difference between the smallest and the largest diameter of the grinding wheel in relation to the circumferential direction.
  • This difference t2 which is also referred to as the amplitude above, corresponds to the difference t1 of the workpiece, which results from the largest and its smallest diameter in cross section.
  • the grinding wheel 1 for performing the method is inclined to the plane between the diamond dressing roller 3 and the workpiece 5, namely by an angle of 25 °.
  • Such an inclination is necessary in order to produce a grinding effect at the given cutting speeds, V s forming the speed of the grinding wheel and V r the resultant in the axial direction of the workpiece, which produces the grinding effect, as can be seen in FIG. 5.
  • the new method of kinematically coupled grinding is not only limited to the profiles described above, for example those according to FIG. 3. Rather, by selecting the speed ratios between the grinding wheel and workpiece with a single-profile profiled grinding wheel and a single-purpose dressing roller, multi-start threads of different pitch can be produced. If the grinding wheel and workpiece have the same rotational speeds in the case of a single thread of the grinding wheel 1, then a single thread also becomes on the workpiece 5 generated. If, on the other hand, the speed of the workpiece 5 is doubled, for example, a two-start thread is created.
  • the pitch of the thread can also be changed from left-handed to right-handed, for example.
  • Grinding disks with a wide variety of profile designs, for example as shown in FIG. 6, can also be used.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und eine Anordung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 4.The invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and an arrangement according to the preamble of claim 4.

Bei bekannten Verfahren zum Erzeugen oder Fertigschleifen von Profilen an Werkstücken im Geradeinstechschleifverfahren haben die Profilform der Werkstücke und der dazu notwendigen Schleifscheibenumfläche ihren Verlauf in Achsrichtung der Schleifscheibe bzw. des Werkstückes. Die Profile von Schleifscheibe und Werkstück weisen in ihren jeweiligen Umfangsrichtungen keine Abweichungen von einer kreisrunden Profilform auf, wobei jedoch die Profilabmessungen in jeweiligen Abschnitten solcher Werkstücke bzw. Schleifscheiben unterschiedliche Durchmesser haben können.In known methods for producing or finish grinding profiles on workpieces using the straight plunge grinding method, the profile shape of the workpieces and the necessary grinding wheel circumference have their course in the axial direction of the grinding wheel or the workpiece. The profiles of the grinding wheel and workpiece point in their respective circumferential directions no deviations from a circular profile shape, but the profile dimensions in the respective sections of such workpieces or grinding wheels can have different diameters.

Nach der DE-PS 3029039 sind Schleifscheiben bekannt, die auf ihrer Umfangsfläche achsparallele Rillen mit einer Tiefe von 1 bis max. etwa 1.000 µm tragen. Diese Rillen dienen dazu, unterschiedliche Rauhtiefen beispielsweise für ein Grobschleifen oder auch ein Feinschleifen ausnutzen zu können. Sie sind dafür in Winkelabständen von max. 1° angeordnet. Es handelt sich dabei um Mikrorillen, die unmittelbar nebeneinander liegend zwischen sich schmale Stege bzw. Rillenränder bilden, die wirkungsmäßig mit Schneiden vergleichbar sind. Um diese Rillen zu erzeugen wird eine Abrichtrolle benutzt, mit der ein festes, mit der Anzahl der an der Schleifscheibe zu erzeugenden Rillen einerseits und der Anzahl der Schneiden der Abrichtrolle andererseits abhängiges Drehzahlverhältnis aufrecht erhalten wird. Dafür ist eine solche Abrichtrolle mit der Schleifscheibe durch ein mechanisches Getriebe formschlüssig gekoppelt.According to DE-PS 3029039 grinding wheels are known which have axially parallel grooves with a depth of 1 to max. wear about 1,000 µm. These grooves serve to be able to use different roughness depths, for example for rough grinding or fine grinding. For this they are at angular intervals of max. 1 ° arranged. These are micro-grooves that form narrow webs or groove edges lying side by side between them, which are effectively comparable to cutting edges. In order to produce these grooves, a dressing roller is used, with which a fixed speed ratio which is dependent on the one hand on the number of grooves to be produced on the grinding wheel and on the other hand on the number of cutting edges of the dressing roller is maintained. For this purpose, such a dressing roller is positively coupled to the grinding wheel by a mechanical gear.

Mit derartigen Schleifscheiben, deren Schleiffläche in der Praxis als zylindrische Umfangsfläche wirksam ist, lassen sich zwar auch Polygonprofile an Werkstükken schleifen. Ein Nachteil der dazu angewandten Schleifverfahren ist es jedoch, daß entsprechende Schleifmaschinen in der Einstech- bzw. Zustellrichtung zwei verschiedenartig angetriebene Supporte aufweisen müssen. Ein Support ist notwendig, um die entsprechenden Bewegungen senkrecht zu der Achse des Werkstückes vorwärts und rückwärts zur Erzeugung des notwendigen Profiles herbeizuführen. Die Bewegung dieses Supports ist kinematisch über ein entsprechendes Getriebe mit dem zu schleifenden Werkstück gekoppelt. Der zweite Support dient dafür, die erforderliche Zustellbewegung beim Schleifen durchzuführen, die sich bekanntlich im Werkstückkontakt nur in Hundertsteln von Millimetern bewegt.With such grinding wheels, the grinding surface of which is effective in practice as a cylindrical peripheral surface, polygon profiles on workpieces can also be made grind. A disadvantage of the grinding methods used for this is, however, that corresponding grinding machines must have two differently driven supports in the plunge or infeed direction. Support is necessary to bring about the corresponding movements perpendicular to the axis of the workpiece forwards and backwards to generate the necessary profile. The movement of this support is kinematically coupled to the workpiece to be ground via a corresponding gear. The second support is used to carry out the required infeed movement during grinding, which is known to only move in hundredths of a millimeter in workpiece contact.

Vorteilhafter sind demgegenüber Anordnungen zum Schleifen von Profilen, bei denen ein Support zur Erzeugung der entsprechenden Profile, beispielsweise Polygonprofile, entfällt. Bei einer derartigen nach der DE - OS 28 10 562 bekannten Anordnung sind ein unrundes Werkstück, eine unrunde Schleifscheibe und eine unrunde Abrichtrolle durch ein kinematisches Getriebe miteinander gekoppelt, mit dem die Drehzahlen aufeinander abzustimmen sind. Allein in der Abstimmung der Rotation von Werkstück und Abrichtwerkzeug dahingehend, daß ihre Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten gleich sind und ihr Rotationsverhältnis zu der Schleifscheibe ganzzahlig ist ergibt sich jedoch nicht ein hinreichender Schleifeffekt aufgrund einer relativen Schnittgeschwindigkeit zwischen Schleifscheibe und Werkstück einerseits und Schleifscheibe und Abrichtrolle andererseits. Derartiges läßt sich jedoch erreichen, wenn erfindungsgemäß eine Schrägstellung erfolgt von der Schleifscheibe zu dem Werkstück und gegenüber der Abrichtrolle. Dadurch ergibt sich ein erhöhter Schleifeffekt, durch den das Schleifverfahren zeitlich abgekürzt wird.Arrangements for grinding profiles, in which support for the generation of the corresponding profiles, for example polygon profiles, is dispensed with are more advantageous. In such an arrangement known from DE-OS 28 10 562, a non-round workpiece, a non-round grinding wheel and a non-round dressing roller are coupled to one another by a kinematic transmission with which the speeds are to be coordinated with one another. Alone in coordinating the rotation of the workpiece and the dressing tool in such a way that their peripheral speeds are the same and their rotation ratio to the grinding wheel Whole number is not sufficient grinding effect due to a relative cutting speed between the grinding wheel and workpiece on the one hand and grinding wheel and dressing roller on the other. However, this can be achieved if, according to the invention, an inclination takes place from the grinding wheel to the workpiece and with respect to the dressing roller. This results in an increased grinding effect, which shortens the grinding process.

Handelt es sich beispielsweise um das Schleifen einer Evolventenverzahnung, so haben sowohl die Diamantabrichtrolle als auch die Schleifscheibe ein beispielsweise evolventenförmiges Zahnprofil. Dieses Profil wird von der Schleifscheibe auf das Werkstück übertragen. Dabei kann die Verzahnung am Werkstück direkt in das Volle geschliffen werden, wenn es sich um sehr kleine Module handelt, oder es kann eine Verzahnung bei größeren Modulen lediglich nach dem Harten nachgeschliffen werden, wie es in der Technik auch auf anderen Maschineneinrichtungen üblich ist.For example, if an involute toothing is ground, both the diamond dressing roller and the grinding wheel have an involute-shaped tooth profile, for example. This profile is transferred from the grinding wheel to the workpiece. The toothing on the workpiece can be ground directly into the solid if it is a very small module, or a toothing on larger modules can only be reground after hardening be, as is common in technology on other machine equipment.

Im Falle einer erfindungsgemäßen Verzahnung bilden Diamantabrichtrolle mit der Schleifscheibe und dem Werkstück zusammen eine Art von Getriebe, wobei die kinematische Kopplung bzw. der zwangsläufige Antrieb von Diamantabrichtrolle und Werkstück im verhältnis der vorgesehenen Zähnezahlen erfolgt.In the case of a toothing according to the invention, the diamond dressing roller together with the grinding wheel and the workpiece form a type of gear, the kinematic coupling or the inevitable drive of the diamond dressing roller and workpiece taking place in relation to the number of teeth provided.

Aber nicht nur solche Profile, unter die beispielsweise auch Kerbverzahnungen fallen, können gemäß der Erfindung auf eine neue und höchst wirtschaftliche Weise geschliffen werden, sondern auch Polygonprofile, die bisher zu ihrer Erzeugung einen zusätzlichen kinematisch mit dem Werkstück gekoppelten Support benötigten. In derartigen Fällen wird der Schleifscheibe über eine entsprechend dem Werkstück geformte Diamantabrichtrolle die bisher völlig unübliche Form gegeben, bei welcher die Umfangsfläche extrem große sichtbare Durchmesserdifferenzen aufweist, die 0,5 bis 60 mm betragen können. Eine derartige Schleifscheibe erscheint im Querschnitt annähernd sternförmig, und weist unter regelmäßig wiederkehrenden Winkellagen Profile unterschiedlicher Amplituden auf.But not only those profiles, which also include serrations, for example, can be ground according to the invention in a new and highly economical way, but also polygon profiles that previously required additional support kinematically coupled to the workpiece. In such cases, the grinding wheel is given the previously completely unusual shape via a diamond dressing roller shaped according to the workpiece, in which the peripheral surface has extremely large visible diameter differences, which can be 0.5 to 60 mm. Such a grinding wheel appears approximately star-shaped in cross-section and has profiles of different amplitudes at regularly recurring angular positions.

Ein wesentliches Merkmal bzw. eine Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist in einer Schrägstellung der Schleifscheibe aus einer gemeinsamen Ebene zwischen der Diamantabrichtrolle und dem Werkstück heraus zu sehen, und zwar beispielsweise um einen Winkel der Schrägstellung von 25° in Achsrichtung der Schleifscheibe. Eine solche Schrägstellung ist erforderlich, um bei den gegebenen Schnittgeschwindigkeiten einen Schleifeffekt zu erzeugen, wobei die Schleifrichtung eine Resultierende bildet aus der Umfangsgeschwindigkeitsrichtung Vs der Schleifscheibe und der resultierenden Geschwindigkeit Vr in Achsrichtung des Werkstückes.An essential feature or configuration of the invention can be seen in an inclined position of the grinding wheel from a common plane between the diamond dressing roller and the workpiece, for example by an angle of 25 ° in the axial direction of the grinding wheel. Such an inclination is required in order to produce a grinding effect at the given cutting speeds, the grinding direction forming a resultant from the circumferential speed direction V s of the grinding wheel and the resulting speed V r in the axial direction of the workpiece.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren des kinematisch gekoppelten Schleifens beschränkt sich im übrigen nicht nur auf die Bearbeitung von Profilen der vorbeschriebenen Art. Es können vielmehr durch Wahl des Drehzahlverhältnisses zwischen Schleifscheibe und Werkstück mit einer eingängig profilierten Schleifscheibe wie auch einer eingängigen Abrichtrolle mehrgängige Gewinde unterschiedlicher Steigung auf dem Werkstück hergestellt werden.The method of kinematically coupled grinding according to the invention is not limited to the machining of profiles of the type described above. Rather, by choosing the speed ratio between grinding wheel and workpiece with a single-profile profiled grinding wheel and a single-purpose dressing roller, multi-start threads of different pitch on the workpiece getting produced.

Haben Schleifscheibe und Werkstück bei einem eingängigen Gewinde der Schleifscheibe gleiche Drehzahlen, so entsteht auf dem Werkstück ein eingängiges Gewinde. Wird die Drehzahl des Werkstückes beispielsweise verdoppelt, so entsteht ein zweigängiges Gewinde und so fort. Es läßt sich also erkennen, daß es zahlreiche Anwendungsmöglichkeiten des erfindungsgemäß gekoppelten kinematischen Schleifens gibt.If the grinding wheel and the workpiece have the same speeds with a single thread of the grinding wheel, a single thread is created on the workpiece. For example, if the speed of the workpiece is doubled, this creates a two-start thread and so on. It can thus be seen that there are numerous possible uses for the kinematic grinding coupled according to the invention.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind nachstehend unter Bezugnahme auf eine Zeichnung erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Figur 1:
Eine Schleifscheibe mit mechanisch gekoppeltem Werkstück und mechanisch gekoppelter Abrichtrolle.
Figur 2:
Eine Anordnung zum Profilschleifen auf einer bekannten Rundschleifmaschine.
Figur 3:
Eine sternförmige Schleifscheibe mit einem Profilwerkstück.
Figur 4:
Die Draufsicht auf eine zu einem Werkstück und einer Abrichtrolle schräg gestellten Schleifscheibe.
Figur 5:
Die Darstellung von Geschwindigkeitvektoren.
Figur 6:
Eine Profilschleifscheibe im Längsschnitt.
Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to a drawing. The drawing shows:
Figure 1:
A grinding wheel with a mechanically coupled workpiece and a mechanically coupled dressing roller.
Figure 2:
An arrangement for profile grinding on a known cylindrical grinding machine.
Figure 3:
A star-shaped grinding wheel with a profile workpiece.
Figure 4:
The top view of a grinding wheel inclined to a workpiece and a dressing roller.
Figure 5:
The representation of speed vectors.
Figure 6:
A profile grinding wheel in longitudinal section.

Die in der Zeichnung wiedergegebene Anordnung zum Schleifen eines Werkstückes 5 weist eine Schleifscheibe 1 mit einem Profil 2 auf, mit der eine Abrichtrolle 3 kinematisch gekoppelt ist, die ihrerseits ein Profil 4 trägt.The arrangement shown in the drawing for grinding a workpiece 5 has a grinding wheel 1 with a profile 2, with which a dressing roller 3 is kinematically coupled, which in turn carries a profile 4.

Schleifscheibe 1, Abrichtrolle 3 und Werkstück 5 weisen unterschiedliche Durchmesser D₁ bzw. D₃ und D₂ auf.Grinding wheel 1, dressing roller 3 and workpiece 5 have different diameters D₁ or D₃ and D₂.

Zum Erzeugen eines Profiles 6 im Werkstück 5 durch Schleifen mittels der Schleifscheibe 1 mit ihrem Profil 2 sind die Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten zwischen dem Werkstück 5 und der Schleifscheibe 1 unterschiedlich. Sie lassen sich auswählen und verändern durch eine in diesem Beispiel mechanische Kopplung zwischen der über ihre Welle 8 angetriebenen Schleifscheibe 1 einerseits mit dem Werkstück 5 und andererseits mit der Abrichtrolle 3. Die Antriebswelle 8 der Schleifscheibe 1 ist dafür mit einer Rolle 9 versehen auf der zwei endlose Riemen 14 und 16 für den Antrieb der Abrichtrolle 3 und der Werkstückrolle 5 liegen. Der Antrieb des Werkstückes 5 erfolgt durch den Riemen 16 über die Umlenkrolle 13 und einen weiteren Riemen 17 über die Rolle 11 des Werkzeuges und der Antrieb der Abrichtrolle 3 über den Riemen 14 und die Umlenkrolle 12 sowie einen weiteren endlosen Riemen 15 und die Scheibe 10. Die Rollen 12 und 13 sind entsprechend dem Doppelpfeil 12 hin und her schwenkbar und so ausgebildet, daß die Drehrichtungen von der Eingangs- zur Ausgangsseite umgekehrt werden, so daß die Abrichtrolle 3 und das Werkstück 5 entsprechend den Pfeilen beide gegen den Uhrzeigersinn rotieren.To create a profile 6 in the workpiece 5 by grinding using the grinding wheel 1 with its profile 2, the peripheral speeds between the workpiece 5 and the grinding wheel 1 are different. They can be selected and changed by a mechanical coupling in this example between the grinding wheel 1 driven by its shaft 8 on the one hand with the workpiece 5 and on the other hand with the dressing roller 3. The drive shaft 8 of the grinding wheel 1 is provided with a roller 9 on the two endless belts 14 and 16 for driving the dressing roller 3 and the workpiece roller 5. The workpiece 5 is driven by the belt 16 via the deflection roller 13 and a further belt 17 via the roller 11 of the tool and the drive of the dressing roller 3 via the belt 14 and the deflection roller 12 as well as a further endless belt 15 and the disk 10. The rollers 12 and 13 are to and fro according to the double arrow 12 pivotable and designed so that the directions of rotation are reversed from the input to the output side, so that the dressing roller 3 and the workpiece 5 both rotate counterclockwise according to the arrows.

Das Schleifen eines Profiles an einem polygonförmigen Werkstück 5 im Geradeinstechschleifverfahren erfolgt normalerweise entsprechend Figur 2 unter Anwendung einer Schleifscheibe mit kreisrunder Umfangsfläche auf einer Rundschleifmaschine mit zwei Supporten von denen der eine Support notwendig ist, um entsprechend dem Pfeil 21 die Schleifscheibe 1 senkrecht zu der Achse des Werkstückes 5 vorwärts und rückwärts zwecks Erzeugung des notwendigen Profiles zu bewegen. Die Bewegung dieses Supports entsprechend Doppelpfeil 21 ist kinematisch über ein entsprechendes Getriebe mit dem zu schleifenden Werkstück 5 gekoppelt. Der bei bekannten Rundschleifmaschinen vorhandene zweite Support dient dazu, die erforderliche Zustellbewegung beim Schleifen entsprechend dem Pfeil 20 herbeizuführen, die sich im Kontakt mit dem Werkstück nur um Hundertstel von Millimetern bewegt.The grinding of a profile on a polygonal workpiece 5 using the straight plunge grinding method is normally carried out in accordance with FIG. 2 using a grinding wheel with a circular circumferential surface on a cylindrical grinding machine with two supports, one of which requires support, in order to move the grinding wheel 1 perpendicular to the axis of the arrow 21 To move workpiece 5 forward and backward in order to generate the necessary profile. The movement of this support in accordance with double arrow 21 is kinematically coupled to the workpiece 5 to be ground via a corresponding gear. The second support available in known cylindrical grinding machines serves to bring about the required infeed movement during grinding according to arrow 20, which is only a hundredth of a millimeter in contact with the workpiece emotional.

Durch die mechanische bzw. kinematische Kopplung der Schleifscheibe 1 mit dem Werkstück 5 entsprechend der Figur 1 ist es möglich, entsprechend Figur 3 mit einer geeignet geformten Schleifscheibe 1 unter Fortlassung des Supportes mit der hin- und hergehenden Bewegung entsprechend Pfeil 21 der Figur 2 nur unter fortlaufender Zustellung entsprechend Pfeil 20 ein polygonförmiges Werkstück 5 zu schleifen. Die Schleifscheibe 1 ist dafür etwa sternförmig ausgebildet. D.h., die Schleifscheibe 1 ist mit drei gleichförmig über dem Umfang verteilt angeordneten bogenförmigen Vertiefungen versehen, wobei die Durchmesserdifferenz t₂ bildet, d.h. die Differenz zwischen dem geringsten und dem größten Durchmesser der Schleifscheibe bezogen auf die Umfangsrichtung. Diese Differenz t₂, die vorstehend auch als Amplitude bezeichnet ist, entspricht der Differenz t₁ des Werkstückes, die sich ergibt aus dem größten und seinem geringsten Durchmesser im Querschnitt. Dadurch liegt eine fortlaufende Anlage vor zwischen dem Werkstück 5 einerseits und der Schleifscheibe 1 andererseits, wodurch das entsprechende Profil erzeugt wird.Due to the mechanical or kinematic coupling of the grinding wheel 1 with the workpiece 5 according to FIG. 1, it is possible, according to FIG. 3, with a suitably shaped grinding wheel 1 while omitting support with the reciprocating movement according to arrow 21 in FIG. 2 only under continuous infeed according to arrow 20 to grind a polygonal workpiece 5. For this purpose, the grinding wheel 1 is approximately star-shaped. That is, the grinding wheel 1 is provided with three arcuate depressions arranged uniformly distributed over the circumference, the diameter difference t 2 forming, ie the difference between the smallest and the largest diameter of the grinding wheel in relation to the circumferential direction. This difference t₂, which is also referred to as the amplitude above, corresponds to the difference t₁ of the workpiece, which results from the largest and its smallest diameter in cross section. As a result, there is a continuous contact between the workpiece 5 on the one hand and the grinding wheel 1 on the other hand, as a result of which the corresponding profile is generated.

Bei der Anordnung nach Figur 4 ist die Schleifscheibe 1 zum Ausüben des Verfahrens schräg gestellt zu der Ebene zwischen der Diamantabrichtrolle 3 und dem Werkstück 5, und zwar um einen Winkel in der Größe von 25°. Eine solche Schrägstellung ist erforderlich, um bei den gegebenen Schnittgeschwindigkeiten einen Schleifeffekt zu erzeugen, wobei Vs die Geschwindigkeit der Schleifscheibe bildet und Vr die Resultierende in Achsrichtung des Werkstückes, die den Schleifeffekt hervorruft, wie Figur 5 erkennen läßt.In the arrangement according to FIG. 4, the grinding wheel 1 for performing the method is inclined to the plane between the diamond dressing roller 3 and the workpiece 5, namely by an angle of 25 °. Such an inclination is necessary in order to produce a grinding effect at the given cutting speeds, V s forming the speed of the grinding wheel and V r the resultant in the axial direction of the workpiece, which produces the grinding effect, as can be seen in FIG. 5.

Das neue Verfahren des kinematisch gekoppelten Schleifens beschränkt sich nicht nur auf vorbeschriebene Profile wie beispielsweise solche nach Figur 3. Es können vielmehr durch geeignete Wahl der Drehzahlverhältnisse zwischen Schleifscheibe und Werkstück mit einer eingängig profilierten Schleifscheibe und einer eingängigen Abrichtrolle mehrgängige Gewinde unterschiedlicher Steigung hergestellt werden. Weisen Schleifscheibe und Werkstück bei einem eingängigen Gewinde der Schleifscheibe 1 gleiche Drehzahlen auf, so wird auf dem Werkstück 5 auch ein eingängiges Gewinde erzeugt. Wird hingegen die Drehzahl des Werkstückes 5 beispielsweise verdoppelt, so entsteht ein zweigängiges Gewinde.The new method of kinematically coupled grinding is not only limited to the profiles described above, for example those according to FIG. 3. Rather, by selecting the speed ratios between the grinding wheel and workpiece with a single-profile profiled grinding wheel and a single-purpose dressing roller, multi-start threads of different pitch can be produced. If the grinding wheel and workpiece have the same rotational speeds in the case of a single thread of the grinding wheel 1, then a single thread also becomes on the workpiece 5 generated. If, on the other hand, the speed of the workpiece 5 is doubled, for example, a two-start thread is created.

Durch Umkehrung der Drehrichtung des Werkstückes kann auch noch die Steigung des Gewindes von beispielsweise linksgängig in rechtsgängig geändert werden. Dabei können auch Schleifscheiben von unterschiedlichster Profilgestaltung entsprechend beispielsweise Figur 6 zum Einsatz kommen.By reversing the direction of rotation of the workpiece, the pitch of the thread can also be changed from left-handed to right-handed, for example. Grinding disks with a wide variety of profile designs, for example as shown in FIG. 6, can also be used.

Claims (5)

  1. Method for grinding out-of-round work pieces (5) by plunge grinding on circular grinding machines by using an out-of-round grinding roll (3) connected mechanically with an out-of-round grinding wheel (1) in which the grinding wheel (1) is kinematically coupled to the work piece (5) and the grinding roll (3) by a kinematic chain (12-17) with which the speeds are to be adapted to each other, characterized in that the grinding of the grinding wheel (1) and the simultaneous grinding of the work piece (5) are performed by inclining the grinding wheel (1) relative to the grinding roll (3) and the work piece (5).
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter differences in the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel (1) are of 0.5 to 60 mm and that the resulting profiles are placed distributed and regularly repeated on the circumference of the grinding wheel (1).
  3. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that profiles of different pitch such as multiple thread profiles are produced by a one-thread grinding wheel (1) for a grinding wheel profile pitch produced by a corresponding pitch on the grinding roll by modification of the speed ratio between the grinding wheel (1) and the work piece (5).
  4. Device for grinding an out-of-round work piece with an out-of-round grinding wheel and an out-of-round grinding roll which are coupled together kinematically by a kinematic chain, characterized in that the grinding wheel (1) is inclined to the grinding roll (3) and the work piece (5).
  5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the grinding roll (3) and the work piece (5) which is mechanically coupled to the grinding wheel have parallel axes.
EP88110632A 1987-07-29 1988-07-04 Method and device for grinding profiled work pieces Expired - Lifetime EP0301271B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873725024 DE3725024A1 (en) 1987-07-29 1987-07-29 METHOD AND ARRANGEMENT FOR GRINDING WORKPIECES WITH PROFILES
DE3725024 1987-07-29

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EP0301271A2 EP0301271A2 (en) 1989-02-01
EP0301271A3 EP0301271A3 (en) 1989-12-20
EP0301271B1 true EP0301271B1 (en) 1992-03-04

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EP88110632A Expired - Lifetime EP0301271B1 (en) 1987-07-29 1988-07-04 Method and device for grinding profiled work pieces

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US (1) US4974367A (en)
EP (1) EP0301271B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0696221B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3725024A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2030796T3 (en)

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JP5539178B2 (en) * 2010-12-13 2014-07-02 株式会社コンドウ Oscillating grinding method for irregularly shaped workpieces and oscillating grinding machine
CN106074347A (en) * 2016-07-28 2016-11-09 扬中市锦丰工业设计有限公司 Anti-bacterium hand cream

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2572675C1 (en) * 2014-09-16 2016-01-20 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Ульяновская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия имени П.А. Столыпина" Method of treatment of bushing internal surface

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0301271A3 (en) 1989-12-20
JPH0696221B2 (en) 1994-11-30
JPS6445559A (en) 1989-02-20
EP0301271A2 (en) 1989-02-01
US4974367A (en) 1990-12-04
DE3868754D1 (en) 1992-04-09
DE3725024A1 (en) 1989-02-09
ES2030796T3 (en) 1992-11-16

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