EP0297982B1 - Procédé de codéposition électrolytique d'une matrice nickel-cobalt et de particules céramiques et revêtement obtenu - Google Patents

Procédé de codéposition électrolytique d'une matrice nickel-cobalt et de particules céramiques et revêtement obtenu Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0297982B1
EP0297982B1 EP88401677A EP88401677A EP0297982B1 EP 0297982 B1 EP0297982 B1 EP 0297982B1 EP 88401677 A EP88401677 A EP 88401677A EP 88401677 A EP88401677 A EP 88401677A EP 0297982 B1 EP0297982 B1 EP 0297982B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
particles
nickel
sic
protection according
electrolytic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP88401677A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0297982A1 (fr
Inventor
Robert Lucien Martinou
Michel Meyer Ruimi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
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Publication of EP0297982A1 publication Critical patent/EP0297982A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D15/00—Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires
    • C25D15/02—Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes with charged materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of protection against oxidation and erosion by friction of parts used up to 600 ° C made of alloy steel or nickel-based superalloy.
  • the assemblies of parts of turbomachines operate frequently without conventional lubrication by oil or lubrication circuits.
  • Certain remedies can be brought to the problems of dry wear by micro-deflections by using massive materials like steels with high carbon content such as Z100 CD 17 (AFNOR standard - steel comprising 1% C, 17% Cr and 0,5 % Mo) of high hardness when cold or cobalt-based alloys forged, cast or melted.
  • Coatings sprayed with plasma such as tungsten carbides with 17% cobalt, chromium carbides, cobalt-based alloys can be used but are only applicable in homogeneous torque, in order to obtain sufficiently low coefficients of friction.
  • Document DE-A-1 533 441 describes general points relating to the production by electrolysis of massive pieces of nickel-cobalt, with ceramic particles.
  • One of the aims of the invention is to find the best compromise between all the operating conditions to achieve effective electrolytic deposition of cobalt nickel and to optimize the Ni / Co ratio during the electrolysis process in order to allow good dispersion of the ceramic particles in the final coating and sufficient homogeneity of said coating.
  • a method of protection against oxidation and erosion by friction at a temperature below 600 ° C., of a substrate made of alloy steel or of nickel-based superalloy is carried out by codeposition electrolytic coating of a binary nickel-cobalt matrix comprising a homogeneous dispersion of ceramic particles M chosen from the group of oxides and carbides, for example SiC, Al2 O3 and Cr2 O3, said coating comprising a mass content of particles ceramics M between 3.5% and 10%.
  • the evolution of the cobalt element in the nickel-cobalt alloy formed could be followed over a whole range of current densities taking into account variable parameters such as the Ni / Co ratio and the total concentration of metal salts (Ni + Co).
  • the analyzes carried out by plasma emission spectrometry (ICP) on the samples having received an electrolytic coating in the 9 baths C to K made it possible to select four alloy compositions (23 ⁇ 3, 42 ⁇ 4 , 64 ⁇ 2 and 72 ⁇ 2% of cobalt) with a view to characterizing them in structure, hardness and level of internal stress and these last tests led to retaining only the coatings with 29 and 42% of cobalt corresponding to baths F and G.
  • the 29% Co coating was chosen for its low internal stresses (around 100 MPa), the 42% Co coating for its high hardness (550HV).
  • the desired final coating incorporating ceramic particles, was chosen as the binary nickel-cobalt matrix containing 29% cobalt.
  • the Ni / Co ratio was chosen equal to 15 and the total content (Ni + Co) equal to 87.5 g / l (bath G in Table 1), to arrive at the desired cobalt concentration.
  • Ni-Co codeposition parameters having been optimized, the incorporation of M ceramic powders of three kinds was tested in the electrolyte baths.
  • silicon carbide SiC, Cr2 O3 and alumina Al2 O3 were used.
  • the mass content of the ceramic particles M in suspension in the electrolyte was retained in the range between 70 and 150 g / l.
  • the current density is an important parameter which depends on the molar concentration of the electrolyte and the temperature of the bath. During the formation of a coating, the current density conditions its deposition speed, its structure, its distribution ... With regard to composite coatings, the amount of particles incorporated is directly related to the current density applied. So the overall percentage of occluded particles decreases with increasing current density and that is why it is preferable to work at low current density (5A / dm2) to increase the rate of particles in the metal matrix since the speed of metal ions is greater than the adsorption rate of the particles.
  • the aforementioned coatings were deposited on two types of substrates, a high-strength alloy steel Z 85 W CD V6 (AFNOR standard - steel comprising 0.85% C + 6% W + 5% Cr + 4% Mo + 2% Va) and two NC 19 FeNb superalloys (Standard AFNOR - Ni base alloy comprising 19% Cr + 18% Fe + 5% Nb) and NC 22 FeD (AFNOR Standard - nickel base alloy comprising 22% Cr + 19% Fe + 9% Mo).
  • a high-strength alloy steel Z 85 W CD V6 AFNOR standard - steel comprising 0.85% C + 6% W + 5% Cr + 4% Mo + 2% Va
  • NC 19 FeNb superalloys Standard AFNOR - Ni base alloy comprising 19% Cr + 18% Fe + 5% Nb
  • NC 22 FeD AFNOR Standard - nickel base alloy comprising 22% Cr + 19% Fe + 9% Mo
  • substrates must undergo a surface preparation before undergoing the electrolytic coating.
  • the surface preparation ranges including degreasing and surface activation operations are conventional.
  • a pre-nickel plating bath containing a higher or lower hydrochloric acid content must be used to ensure maximum adhesion before applying the nickel-cobalt-ceramic coating on the aforementioned substrates.
  • the part is then able to receive the nickel-cobalt ceramic deposit indicated above.
  • a thin electrolytic chromium plating can be carried out, for example between 2 and 10 micrometers in order to increase the resistance to hot oxidation of the nickel-cobalt-ceramic coating.
  • micrographs show a change in coloration of the SiC particles (from dark gray to light gray) corresponding to a depletion in silicon.
  • microanalysis X reveals a phenomenon of diffusion of the silicon of the particles in the nickel-cobalt metallic matrix (photos 8 to 10).
  • the type of composite coatings according to the invention is interesting because it allows, depending on the opposing material, to obtain a lower friction torque than those encountered with other types of protective coatings.
  • Another advantage is that it allows the use of heterogeneous couples of materials in friction.
  • composite protective coatings therefore have notable advantages and may also prove to be advantageous for the sealing function at the top of compressor blades, where the guarantee of a minimum clearance is imperative in terms of performance. Sealing is, in this case, ensured by the abradable material located on the casing which can be partially machined by the vane opposite.
  • the composite coatings according to the invention make it possible to ensure dawn / abradable interference without significant wear. They indeed allow to play on the ductility of the "nickel-cobalt" matrix and on the brittleness / hardness of the abrasive grain "ceramic particles" so as to ensure the wear of the abradable by the blade in the ratio 90 / 10 and thus limit the reduction in engine performance.
  • these coatings have undergone the additional electrolytic chromium plating step, they will find a preferred use in friction parts subjected to temperatures greater than or equal to 400 ° C. in an oxidizing atmosphere.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
EP88401677A 1987-07-01 1988-06-30 Procédé de codéposition électrolytique d'une matrice nickel-cobalt et de particules céramiques et revêtement obtenu Expired - Lifetime EP0297982B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8709289 1987-07-01
FR8709289A FR2617510B1 (fr) 1987-07-01 1987-07-01 Procede de codeposition electrolytique d'une matrice nickel-cobalt et de particules ceramiques et revetement obtenu

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0297982A1 EP0297982A1 (fr) 1989-01-04
EP0297982B1 true EP0297982B1 (fr) 1992-12-16

Family

ID=9352733

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88401677A Expired - Lifetime EP0297982B1 (fr) 1987-07-01 1988-06-30 Procédé de codéposition électrolytique d'une matrice nickel-cobalt et de particules céramiques et revêtement obtenu

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US4886583A (zh)
EP (1) EP0297982B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPH0819557B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN1042046C (zh)
CA (1) CA1319638C (zh)
DE (1) DE3876698T2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2036699T3 (zh)
FR (1) FR2617510B1 (zh)
IL (1) IL86957A (zh)

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2638781B1 (fr) * 1988-11-09 1990-12-21 Snecma Depot electrophoretique anti-usure du type metalloceramique consolide par nickelage electrolytique
RU2086713C1 (ru) * 1995-07-11 1997-08-10 Федорова Людмила Петровна Тонкослойное керамическое покрытие и способ его получения
US5997709A (en) * 1996-05-28 1999-12-07 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Co. Method of providing diffuse risers on a fresnel lens die
US5935407A (en) 1997-11-06 1999-08-10 Chromalloy Gas Turbine Corporation Method for producing abrasive tips for gas turbine blades
SE514700C2 (sv) * 1999-03-19 2001-04-02 Daros Holding Ab Elektrolytisk beläggning av ett substrat med ett keramkromskikt, keramkromskikt samt kolvring
AT408352B (de) * 1999-03-26 2001-11-26 Miba Gleitlager Ag Galvanisch abgeschiedene legierungsschicht, insbesondere eine laufschicht eines gleitlagers
DE10251902B4 (de) * 2002-11-07 2009-05-07 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zum Beschichten eines Substrats und beschichteter Gegenstand
CN1308496C (zh) * 2003-06-06 2007-04-04 吴化 一种提高金属表面耐高温和耐磨损的电沉积复合镀方法
CN100441748C (zh) * 2004-10-26 2008-12-10 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 低应力、抗磨减摩梯度Ni-Co纳米合金镀层的制备方法
DE102005047739B3 (de) 2005-09-29 2007-02-08 Siemens Ag Substrat mit aufgebrachter Beschichtung, und Herstellungsverfahren
DE102006029817A1 (de) * 2006-06-28 2008-01-03 Siemens Ag Metallblech sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Metallblechs
DE102006041458A1 (de) * 2006-09-04 2008-03-20 Siemens Ag Flotationszelle
FR2915495B1 (fr) * 2007-04-30 2010-09-03 Snecma Procede de reparation d'une aube mobile de turbomachine
FR2948691B1 (fr) * 2009-07-30 2013-02-15 Snecma Methode de fabrication d'une couche de revetement ceramique recouvrant un substrat
KR101132114B1 (ko) * 2009-09-15 2012-04-05 일동제약주식회사 히알루론산의 분자량을 조절하는 방법
JP5412462B2 (ja) * 2011-04-19 2014-02-12 日本パーカライジング株式会社 金属材料用耐食合金コーティング膜及びその形成方法
FR2988629B1 (fr) * 2012-04-02 2014-05-02 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procede et appareil de fabrication d'un fil de decoupe
DE102012211941B4 (de) * 2012-07-09 2021-04-22 Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Werkzeugmaschine und Herstellungsverfahren
CN108130571B (zh) * 2017-12-22 2019-08-27 中国人民解放军陆军装甲兵学院 铜合金表面制备耐高温纳米晶镍钴镀层的方法
CN109797383A (zh) * 2019-04-04 2019-05-24 山东新海表面技术科技有限公司 铝合金发动机缸体及其制备方法
CN115074729A (zh) * 2022-06-07 2022-09-20 国网福建省电力有限公司 一种高热硬性Ni-W基高硬陶瓷相复合镀层及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL125956C (zh) * 1960-07-26
DE1533441B1 (de) * 1966-10-12 1971-04-15 Krupp Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung kompakter,schmied- und walzbarer dispersionsgehaerteter metallischer Werkstuecke
GB1476099A (en) * 1975-03-05 1977-06-10 Inco Europ Ltd Process for producing alloys
IT7852357A0 (it) * 1977-12-21 1978-12-19 Bristol Aerojet Ltd Procedimento ed apparecchio per la elettrodeposizione di rivestimenti compositi
US4305792A (en) * 1977-12-21 1981-12-15 Bristol Aerojet Limited Processes for the electrodeposition of composite coatings
JPS5941823B2 (ja) * 1980-05-01 1984-10-09 三島光産株式会社 連続鋳造用鋳型
US4613388A (en) * 1982-09-17 1986-09-23 Rockwell International Corporation Superplastic alloys formed by electrodeposition
JPS61149498A (ja) * 1984-12-24 1986-07-08 Riken Corp 内燃機関用ピストンリング

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3876698T2 (de) 1993-05-27
ES2036699T3 (es) 1993-06-01
EP0297982A1 (fr) 1989-01-04
US4886583A (en) 1989-12-12
JPH0819557B2 (ja) 1996-02-28
DE3876698D1 (de) 1993-01-28
IL86957A0 (en) 1988-12-30
CA1319638C (fr) 1993-06-29
CN1042046C (zh) 1999-02-10
CN1031118A (zh) 1989-02-15
JPS6436797A (en) 1989-02-07
IL86957A (en) 1992-05-25
FR2617510B1 (fr) 1991-06-07
FR2617510A1 (fr) 1989-01-06

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