EP0294508B1 - Process and device for the production of true-to-measure panel or block-shaped components, especially made of plaster - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for carrying out a process for the production of true-to-measure panel- or block-shaped components from a setting material capable of being poured during working, in particular plaster, has a moulding box (11), containing at least one moulding chamber (29) and open on its top side, and a closing device (33, 42, 44) which is allocated to this moulding box (11) and is provided with at least one closing member (42) which can be displaced from a remote inoperative position into a closing position above the opening of the moulding box. In order to obtain efficient production of the panel- or block-shaped components with high dimensional accuracy and good surface finish, the moulding box is pivotably mounted about a horizontal axis (5) and is coupled to a pivoting device (15) pivoting it between a vertical position and a tilting position orientated at an angle to the vertical. In addition, when the moulding box is open, a casting-mash retention space open at the top is formed above the moulding box, which casting-mash retention space first of all receives during the casting operation a portion of the poured-in casting-mash mixture and from which the casting-mash mixture located there, with simultaneous, advancing, dimensionally accurate closure of the moulding chamber (29), is then pushed into the still empty volume of the moulding chamber until it is completely filled. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing precisely dimensionally stable plate-like or block-shaped elements from a setting material which is castable during processing, in particular plaster, in which the material is poured in the form of a pouring paste into at least one molding chamber, which is then closed and the pouring slurry in the molding chamber is allowed to set at least until the elements formed therefrom are dimensionally stable, whereupon the elements are removed from the molding chamber.

In addition, the invention relates to a device for carrying out this method, with a molding box containing at least one molding chamber, open on its upper side and a locking device assigned to it, which has at least one locking member that can be moved from an off-center rest position into a closed position via the opening of the molding box its inside facing the molding chamber is designed to give shape.

For example, partition walls made of gypsum according to DIN 18 163 are prefabricated gypsum components for the construction of light partition walls. They typically have a format of 500 × 666 mm and are provided with all-round grooves and tongues so that the components can be moved or assembled using the adhesive process.

Such partition wall panels must be manufactured with a particularly high level of manufacturing accuracy, which is, based on all dimensions, ± 0.02 mm, so that they can be assembled and installed seamlessly. In addition, correspondingly high demands are placed on the surface quality in order to ensure that a wall composed of such gypsum boards does not have to be plastered and is therefore immediately paperable or ready for painting.

In order to meet these requirements in terms of precision and surface quality, the plasterboard must be cast in rigid mold boxes, the mold chambers of which are formed by walls with the appropriate surface quality (hard mirror chrome plating). If the plates are manufactured according to the so-called ejection principle, the tight tolerances and the high demands on the surface properties of the mold box walls are also production-related conditionally, because otherwise the plates which are dimensionally stable when ejected from the molding chamber, but are not yet fully set and are therefore still soft, would be destroyed.

In practice, the water-gypsum mixture forming the slurry is produced in tubs by propeller agitators, the length of the tub corresponding to the length of the molding box. The pouring slurry is then poured into the molding box by tilting the mixing trough. Since gypsum has the property that it sets up everywhere when setting or hardening, it cannot be avoided that the pouring opening of the tundish slowly grows, with the result that the width of the pouring jet becomes narrower and consequently there is the risk that one mold chamber has several containing mold box the outer mold chambers are not filled or only partially filled. It is therefore also the task of the operator to keep the pouring opening of the mixing trough clean and to distribute the pouring slurry in the molding box so that all molding chambers are filled evenly. When processing gypsum with a very high setting speed, the pouring slurry is often very pasty at the time of distribution, so that a complete and air-free filling of the outer mold chambers or with a single-chamber mold box of the mold box itself is no longer possible.

Since the molding box and thus the molding chambers are open on their top, the example can Gypsum wall panels on this side required spring not be cast or molded. So far, it had to be produced by hand stencils, gypsum board planing devices, hand masks or hydraulic masks. Relatively large amounts of residual gypsum are obtained; it is also difficult to ensure the required precision and surface quality in the springs thus produced. Apart from that, the devices used have to be cleaned with relatively great manual effort after each production cycle. As examples of this prior art, from which the invention is based, cf. DE-A-25 51 392 and AU-B-57 722.

In contrast, a practically all-round shaping during casting allows a machine known from DE-OS 1584 439 for the production of blocks or plates, in particular from plaster, in which a number of casting molds are arranged on a carousel, which are successively moved through different stations. Each of these molds consists of a frame standing on one corner, divided in two at two opposite corners, the clear dimensions of which correspond to the dimensions of the desired shaped body, and two removable cover plates which are pressed onto the frame in a sealed manner on both sides. The pouring slurry is poured in at a pouring opening at the upper corner of the frame; after setting, the side cover plates are folded down, whereupon the upper frame part is removed, so that the dimensionally stable molded body can be removed from the lower frame part.

Since with this machine each individual molded body must be assigned a special shape, which is filled with pouring slurry in a separate work cycle, it is not possible to produce several molded bodies at the same time with one casting process. In addition, the outlay on equipment is comparatively large, with the additional factor that, because the gypsum is setting up everywhere, a continuous manual cleaning of the various molded parts is required. Finally, the cast moldings have to be reworked in the area of the corner sprue.

The object of the invention is now to point out a way that allows, in particular, plate-like or block-shaped elements or moldings to be produced economically with a high degree of dimensional accuracy and surface quality, while avoiding the aforementioned disadvantages, from a quickly setting, castable material, in particular plaster .

To achieve this object, in the method mentioned at the outset, the procedure according to the invention is such that the mold chamber, which is open on its upper side, is inclined at an angle to the vertical when pouring the pouring slurry, and in this position an amount of pouring slurry corresponding at least to the volume of the elements is poured in to form a filling level that is from a retention space located above the molding chamber extends into the mold chamber, which is initially only partially filled, so that the amount of casting slurry in the retention space is pushed into the still empty volume of the mold chamber, while at the same time progressing, keeping the shape of the mold, until it is completely filled and excess casting slurry is stripped off, and after the setting the top of the mold chamber is opened again and the dimensionally stable elements are removed from it.

Because of the inclined position of the molding box when pouring the pouring slurry, the molding chamber or the molding chambers thereof are thus initially only partially filled when pouring the pouring slurry. The amount of casting slurry in the retention space, which in this area represents an "overfill" of the molding chamber, ensures a uniform distribution of the casting slurry over the entire length of the molding box and over all the dividing walls of the molding box that separate the molding chambers. This eliminates the need for mechanical or manual distribution of the slurry over the individual mold chambers. At the same time, the inclined position of the molding box results in a significant improvement in the ventilation of the casting slurry, because the air enclosed in the casting slurry can escape upwards more easily than is the case when the casting slurry is poured into a vertically standing molding box. Finally, when the quantity of pouring slurry in the retention space in the liquid or slightly pasty state is inserted into the empty areas of the molding box, it is automatically ensured that these areas overlap Fill the entire length of the molding box absolutely evenly, leaving no sprue, etc. when the molding box is closed. Since the molding box is simultaneously closed to keep its shape when inserting the gypsum pulp into the part of its interior that is left empty when pouring, the molded elements are also provided with the desired shape on the top of the molding box after the setting, without the need for post-treatment. Because gypsum expands when it sets, the poured pouring paste presses against the surrounding walls of the molding chamber and also at the opening closure when it hardens, so that a precisely and precisely shaped molding is produced.

As already mentioned, the plate-shaped or block-shaped elements are removed from the molding chamber in the partially set state, in which they are dimensionally stable but are still soft. They can therefore be reshaped when the mold chamber is opened on its upper side facing its opening.

Finally, it is particularly advantageous if the molding chamber is brought into a vertical position after being closed and the material is allowed to set in this position. The molding chamber is thus in a position which is favorable for the subsequent removal of the molded elements.

One used to perform this procedure Device with the features mentioned at the outset is characterized in accordance with the invention in that the molding box is pivotally mounted about a horizontal axis and is coupled with a pivoting device pivoting it between a vertical position and a tilting position oriented obliquely with respect to the vertical, that an above the molding box when the molding box is open open pouring slurry retention space is formed which is laterally delimited by walls which are arranged essentially in the extension of the side walls running transversely to the horizontal axis and which are arranged in the deepest lying rear wall of the molding box when the molding box is in the tilted position.

In one embodiment, two of the walls delimiting the pouring slurry retention space can be arranged in parallel mutual association on the molding box itself, while a third wall is slidably mounted laterally sealed between these two walls, this third movable wall being connected to or on the closure member is put on. This third wall, designed for example in the manner of a front plate, thus acts as a slide which, when the closure member is retracted and the mold box is thereby closed, pushes the "excess" pouring slurry located in the retention space into the empty mold box areas, the two side walls being one Prevent the pouring of the pouring liquid to the side.

In another embodiment, however, the arrangement can also be such that the walls delimiting the pouring sludge retention space are connected to or arranged on the closure member to form a substantially horseshoe-shaped filling funnel which is displaceably mounted transversely to the opening of the molding box. All the walls of the hopper thus move relative to the molding box when the pouring slurry is inserted. It is therefore appropriate that the walls forming the side walls of the hopper are sealed against the molding box.

Since the excess amount of pouring sludge is stripped off when the casting slurry is inserted into the mold box areas when it is poured in, it is advantageous to assign a collecting device for the excess casting slurry to the molding box so that it can be returned to the tundish if necessary. This collecting device expediently has a collecting channel arranged on the molding box, which is assigned an ejection device for the collected pouring slurry. This push-out device, which has, for example, a slide or plunger, can simultaneously clean the collecting trough during its discharge stroke.

The inclination of the molding box in the tilt position depends on the conditions of the molding box and the dimensions of the elements to be molded. In practice, it has proven to be advantageous if the molding box is inclined by approximately 40 to 45 ° in relation to the vertical in the tilted position.

The closure member which simultaneously closes the molding box when the pouring slurry from the pouring slurry retention space into the empty molding box regions carries out a sliding movement relative to the molding box. When the mold box is opened, it can therefore be used at the same time for re-shaping the still soft molded elements on the upper side thereof. If plates are formed which have a molded spring on their upper side or are provided with a molded groove, it is expedient if the closure member on its inside facing the molding chamber has at least one shaping profile strip which extends in the direction of displacement and which, on the one hand, binds the molded element when it is tied gives the desired shape on its top and, on the other hand, causes the aforementioned re-shaping when the closure member is removed.

In principle, it is possible, for example in the manufacture of blocks, to use a molding box whose interior forms a single molding chamber. In the manufacture of plates or similar elements, however, a molding box is advantageously used for economic reasons, in which is aligned transversely to the horizontal axis parallel partitions are divided several mold chambers, which are evenly filled with pouring slurry in the manner described.

The most economical way of removing the shaped elements from the molding box is according to the so-called ejection principle. This results in particularly simple structural conditions if the molding box is assigned an ejection device for the at least partially set elements, which can be pivoted together with the molding box.

The invention is intended in particular for the production of molded elements or bodies from plaster, but is not restricted to this area of use. In the same way, it can also be used to produce corresponding shaped elements or bodies from other hydraulically setting materials, for example concrete with or without additives and binders or plastics, etc.

Fig. 1

eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Gipsplatten gemäß der Erfindung in einer schematischen Seitenansicht, unter Veranschaulichung von zwei verschiedenen Stellungen des Formkastens,

Fig. 2

den Formkasten mit zugeordneter Ausstoßeinrichtung der Vorrichtung nach Fig.1, in einer Seitenansicht, in der Vertikalstellung,

Fig. 3

den Formkasten nach Fig. 2, in einer Draufsicht,

Fig. 4

den Formkasten nach Fig. 2, geschnitten längs der Linie IV-IV der Fig. 2, in einer Seitenansicht und im Ausschnitt,

Fig. 5

den Formkasten der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1, in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform, mit der zugeordneten Ausstoßvorrichtung, unter Veranschaulichung der Kippstellung, in einer Seitenansicht,

Fig. 6

die Anordnung nach Fig. 5, unter Veranschaulichung der Vertikalstellung des Formkastens, in einer Seitenansicht, und

Fig. 7

den Formkasten nach Fig. 6, geschnitten längs der Linie VIII-VIII der Fig. 6, in einer Seitenansicht und im Ausschnitt.

In the drawing, an embodiment of the object of the invention is shown. Show it:

Fig. 1

1 shows a device for the production of plasterboard according to the invention in a schematic side view, illustrating two different positions of the molding box,

Fig. 2

1, in a side view, in the vertical position, the molding box with associated ejection device of the device,

Fig. 3

2, in a plan view,

Fig. 4

2, cut along the line IV-IV of FIG. 2, in a side view and in detail,

Fig. 5

1, in a modified embodiment, with the associated ejection device, illustrating the tilt position, in a side view,

Fig. 6

5, illustrating the vertical position of the molding box, in a side view, and

Fig. 7

6, cut along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 6, in a side view and in a section.

The device shown in Fig. 1 is used to produce gypsum boards according to DIN 18 163 in a format of 500 × 666 mm. It has a frame-like machine base frame 2, which is optionally movable on rollers 1 and welded together from profiled beams and which carries a welded-on stand construction 3 on which a horizontal axis 5 is mounted by means of bearing blocks 4. The axis 5 in turn serves as a pivot bearing for a housing-like box frame 6, which has a base part 7, struts 8 connected to it and a rectangular frame part 9 placed thereon, to which bearing flanges 10 are welded, through the bearing bores of which the cylindrical axis 5 runs. With the frame part 9 is a screwed on top, rectangular in cross section molded box 11 at 12, which will be explained in detail.

At the bottom part 7, the piston rod 14 of a hydraulic cylinder 15 is articulated at 13, which in turn is articulated at 16 on the machine base 2 and forms a pivoting device which allows the box frame 6 with the molded box 11 from the one in FIG Solid lines shown to pivot about 45 ° with respect to the vertical inclined tilt position in the vertical position shown in phantom in Fig. 1 and optionally hold in each of the two positions.

Laterally next to the horizontal pivot axis 5, a second stand construction 17 is welded to the machine base frame 2, on which a mixing trough 19 is mounted so as to be pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis 18. The piston rod 21 of a hydraulic cylinder 22, which is articulated at 23 on the machine base 2 and which forms a tilting device, acts on the mixing trough 19 in the base region at an articulation point 20, by means of which the mixing trough 19 can be selected from a rest or mixing position shown in phantom in FIG. 1 can be tilted into the pouring position illustrated in FIG. 1, in which the pouring slurry contained therein can be poured into the molding box 11 through its pouring opening 24. The channel-like pouring opening 24 extends essentially over the entire width (FIG. 3) of the interior of the molding box 11. In addition, the mixing trough 19 is associated with a propeller stirrer, not shown in the drawing, which allows filled gypsum together with water to form a flowable one Mix the porridge.

The molding box 11, which is quadrangular in cross section, has two flat side walls 25 (FIG. 3) aligned at right angles to the pivot axis 5, as well as a front wall 26 in the tilt position shown in FIG. 1 and a rear wall 27 parallel to it and in the tilt position below. Its interior is by parallel, also at right angles to the pivot axis 5 flat partitions 28 divided into adjacent mold chambers 29, 12 of which are provided in the illustrated embodiment. The front wall 26 and the rear wall 27 are provided at 30, 31 with parallel, strip-like webs or with parallel, groove-like depressions, which correspond to corresponding webs or depressions 33 in the bottom wall 32 of the molding box 1 and through the grooves and tongues on the end faces the plasterboard produced in the molding chambers 29 are molded.

The bottom wall 32 (Fig. 1) consists of individual, between the partitions 28 sealed displaceable profile strips, which are connected via ejection rams 34 to a base plate 35 on which in turn engages the piston rod 36 of a hydraulic cylinder 37 anchored in the bottom part 7, which ejection device forms for the plasterboard produced in the mold chambers 29.

All walls 25 to 28 and 32 delimiting the molding chambers 29 are hard-chrome-plated and highly polished on their side facing the respective molding chamber 29.

On the molding box 11, which is open at the top, two parallel guide rods 38 (FIGS. 3, 4) are arranged in the vicinity of its opening edge, which are fastened to the side walls 25 via bearing blocks 39. On the two guide rods 38 there are two parallel so-called mask bars 41 which are connected to one another at a fixed distance slidably guided, to which a slide-like closure member for the opening of the molding box 1 is attached, which is also referred to as a "mask" and consists of a number of sealed side by side parallel mask profile strips 43 (Fig. 4), each of which one for forming a Spring on the facing upper side of the plasterboard produced in the respective plasterboard 29 has groove-like depression 44 which extends at right angles to the pivot axis 5. The closure member 42 is sealed against the side walls 25 and the partition walls 28 and the rear wall 27 of the molding box 11 in the region of the opening edge of the molding box, wherein in the closed state there is also a corresponding seal between the closure member 42 and the front wall 26.

With the closure member 42, two hydraulic cylinders 44 are connected, the piston rods of which are formed by the guide rods 38 and which allow the closure member 42 to be displaced from the off-center rest position shown in FIG. 3 to a front position in which the opening of the molding box 11 is complete is closed.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 4, the two side walls 25 of the molding box are extended upwards by two walls 45 in the manner shown in particular in FIG. 4, between which a transverse, upright third, designed in the manner of a front plate Wall 46 is slidably guided, which is rigidly connected to the closure member 42. This third wall 46, which is arranged in the region of the front end faces of the mask profile strips 43 and is laterally sealed at 47 against the two side walls 25 by means of a sliding seal, forms a slide. Together with the two side walls 45, it delimits a pouring slurry retention space above the opening of the molding box 11, the function of which will be explained in more detail below.

On the opposite side of the closure member 42 of the molding box, a horizontal, transverse collecting channel 48 (FIG. 1.3) is arranged on the front wall 26 thereof, in which a push-out punch 49 is guided so as to be longitudinally displaceable over the length of the molding box 11, one by a Arrow 50 indicated reciprocating stroke movement and can be actuated by a hydraulic cylinder not shown in FIG. 3.

The device described so far works as follows:
After 19 gypsum flour and water have been stirred into a sufficient amount of pouring slurry in the mixing trough 19 shown in dash-dotted lines in FIG. 1, the molding box 11 is pivoted by the hydraulic cylinder 15 into the tilting position shown in FIG. 1, in which it is with its axis about 45 ° is inclined to the vertical. The closure member 42 is in the rest position shown in FIG. 3, in which the mold box 11 is completely open on its upper side. The bottom wall 32 is transferred by the hydraulic cylinder 37 of the ejection device into the lower position shown in FIG. 1, in which it closes the mold chambers 29.

By actuation of the hydraulic cylinder 22, the mixing trough 19 is now tilted in accordance with FIG. 1, whereby pouring slurry flows from the pouring opening 24 into the space surrounded by the three walls 45, 46 and from there into the molding chambers 29. Since the length of the pouring opening 24 of the mixing trough 19 essentially corresponds to the inside width of the opening of the molding chamber 1, pouring slurry is introduced over its entire length. A quantity of pouring slurry slightly exceeding the volume of the gypsum board to be molded is filled.

Under the action of gravity, this pouring process forms a horizontal filling level of the pouring slurry, indicated in dashed lines at 51 in FIG. 1, which, because of the inclined position of the molding box 11, extends partly over the pouring slurry retention space delimited by the three walls 45, 46 and to Part extends into the molding chamber 29 of the molding box 11. The mold chambers 29 are therefore initially only partially filled; they are approximately triangular in longitudinal section in the region of the front wall 26 of the molding box 11 unfilled areas, while on the other hand in the area of the rear wall 27 of the molding box 11 there is an "overfill", which is given by the amount of gypsum slurry which is retained between the walls 45, 46 in the mentioned slurry holding space. Since this amount of casting slurry located in the casting slurry retention space lies above the upper edges of the partitions 28 of the mold chambers 29, the slurry in this space can be distributed absolutely uniformly over the entire length of the molding box between the walls 45, 46, without being hindered by partition walls or the like . At the same time, a comparatively large filling level is formed at 51, which, together with the pouring of the pouring slurry into the inclined molding box 11, causes effective venting of the pouring slurry, with the result that the finished gypsum boards are largely free of cavities originating from air pockets.

As soon as the pouring slurry is filled up to the filling level 51, the closure member 42 with the wall 46 acting as a slide, relative to FIG. 3, is advanced to the right by corresponding actuation of the hydraulic cylinders 44. On the one hand, the amount of pouring slurry contained in the pouring slurry retention space enclosed by the walls 45, 46 is inserted evenly distributed into the still free spaces of the molding chambers 29, while on the other hand the opening of the molding box 11 is increasingly closed.

As soon as the wall 46 exceeds the upper edge of the front wall 26 of the molding box 11, the molding chambers 29 are completely filled; the excess pouring slurry is scraped off into the gutter 48.

In their now retracted state, the mask profile strips 43 completely cover the top of the molding box 11, so that the individual molding chambers 29 are now closed on all sides by shaping walls. The described advancing of the amount of pouring slurry contained in the casting slurry retention space ensures an exact filling of all molding chambers 29 of the molding box 11.

After the mold box 11 has been closed in the manner explained, the hydraulic cylinder 15 pivots the mold box 11 into the vertical position shown in broken lines in FIG. 1. The plunger 49 is actuated, which pushes out the excess amount of gypsum from the collecting trough 48 located on the operating side of the device, which is optionally returned to the mixing trough 19. During this pushing-off process, the collecting trough 48 and the wall 46 forming the front plate are cleaned at the same time.

After the poured slurry poured into the mold chambers 29 has set so far that the molded gypsum boards are dimensionally stable (approx. 3 to 5 minutes), the closure member 42 is returned to the off-center rest position according to FIG. 3 by the hydraulic cylinders 44 retracted, in which the mold box 11 is open. During this retraction of the closure member 42, the mask profile strips 43 at the same time bring about a reforming of the still soft gypsum boards on the top side facing them. This "drawing process" together with the previous casting process ensures that the shape and surface of the springs or shoulders present on the facing top of the plasterboard are absolutely smooth and complete.

As soon as the molding box 11 is opened in the manner described, the hydraulic cylinder 37 takes effect, which ejects the finished molded plasterboard from the molding chambers 29 upwards via the bottom wall 32, so that these are gripped by a crane or a gripping device and in a suitable place can be stacked. The plaster sets completely, which takes about 20 to 30 minutes.

The device is thus ready for a new work cycle, at the beginning of which the molding box 11 is pivoted back into the tilted position according to FIG. 1.

The modified embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 largely corresponds to the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 4 described above. The same parts are therefore provided with the same reference numerals and are not explained again.

While in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 4 of the three walls 45, 46 delimiting the slurry retention space, the two side walls 45 are rigidly connected to the side walls 25 of the molding box 11 and only the third wall 46 forming the front plate together with the closure member 42 is displaceable, in the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 to 7 the arrangement is made such that the two side walls 45a, together with the third wall 46, which is again designed as a front plate, form a substantially horseshoe-shaped filler slide or funnel, all of which with respect to the molding box 11 is movable. For this purpose, the two side walls 45a are rigidly connected to the third wall 46 and sealed against the upper edge of the side walls 25 of the molding box 11 at 52 (FIG. 7) by a sliding seal. The side walls 45a are beveled on their front side at 53 (FIG. 5) in consideration of the horizontal filling level of the poured pulp indicated at 51. The collecting trough 48 arranged on the operating side is, compared to the conditions in the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 4, arranged lower, as is necessary with regard to the now movable side walls 45a.

The operation of this device does not differ from that according to FIGS. 1 to 4.

Claims (13)

1. Process for the production of true-to-measure panel-or block-shaped components from a setting material castable during the processing, especially plaster, wherein the material is poured in the form of a casting paste into at least one moulding chamber (29) which is then closed in a shape-retaining manner and the casting paste is allowed to set in the moulding chamber at least until the thus formed components are rigid, after which the components are removed from the moulding chamber, characterized in that the moulding chamber which is open at the top is held at an incline to the vertical while the casting paste is poured in and in this position an amount of casting paste corresponding at least to the volume of the components is poured in, thereby forming a filling level (51) which extends from a retaining area above the moulding chambers into the initially only partly filled moulding chamber, in that the amount of casting paste in the retaining area is then pushed into the still empty volume of the moulding chamber which is simultaneously, progressively closed in a shape-retaining manner until it is completely filled out, with excess casting paste being scraped off, and in that after the setting, the moulding chamber is opened again at the top and the rigid components are removed from it.
2. Process as defined in claim 1, characterized in that during opening of the moulding chamber, the components are simultaneously postformed on their top side facing the opening of the moulding chamber.
3. Process as defined in claim 1 of 2, characterized in that after closure, the moulding chamber is brought into a vertical position and the material is allowed to set in this position.
4. Device for carrying out the process defined in one of the preceding claims comprising a moulding box (11) containing at least one moulding chamber (29) and being open at the top and having an associated closure device comprising at least one closure member (42) which is displaceable from a remote position of rest into a closed position over the opening of the moulding box and is designed on its inner side facing the moulding chamber so as to impart a shape, characterized in that the moulding box (11) is mounted for swivel motion about a horizontal axis (5) and is coupled with a swivel device (15) for swivelling it between a vertical position and a tilted position at an incline to the vertical, in that when the moulding box (11) is open, there is formed above the moulding box an area for retaining casting paste which is open at the top and is delimited at the sides by walls (45, 46; 45a, 46a) which are arranged essentially in the extension of the side walls (25) extending transversely to the horizontal axis (5) and of the rear wall (27) of the moulding box (11) which lies lowest when the moulding box (11) is standing in the tilted position.
5. Device as defined in claim 4, characterized in that two of the walls (45) are arranged in parallel, mutual association on the moulding box (11), and a third wall (46) is slidingly mounted in a laterally sealed-off manner between these two walls (45), and in that the third wall (46) is connected to the closure member (42) or placed on the latter.
6. Device as defined in claim 4, characterized in that the walls (45a, 46) are connected to the closure member (42) or arranged on it, thereby forming an essentially horse-shoe shaped fill-in slide mounted for sliding movement transversely to the opening of the moulding box (11).
7. Device as defined in claim 6, characterized in that the walls (45a) forming the side walls of the fill-in funnel are sealed off from the moulding box (11).
8. Device as defined in one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that a collecting device (48, 49) for excess casting paste is associated with the moulding box (11).
9. Device as defined in claims 5 and 6 and as defined in claim 8, characterized in that the collecting device comprises a collecting trough (48) which is arranged on the moulding box (11) and has an associated push-out device (49) for the collected casting paste.
10. Device as defined in one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that an ejector (37) which can be swivelled jointly with the moulding box (11) is associated with the moulding box (11) for the at least partly set components.
11. Device as defined in one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that the moulding box (11) is inclined in the tilted position at approximately 40 to 45° to the vertical.
12. Device as defined in one of claims 4 to 11, characterized in that the closure member (42) comprises on its inner side facing the moulding chamber (29) at least one shape-imparting structural bar (43) extending in the direction of displacement.
13. Device as defined in one of claims 4 to 12, characterized in that several moulding chambers (29) are divided off in the moulding box (11) by parallel dividing walls (28) aligned transversely to the horizontal axis (5).

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