EP0289422B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines flüssigen Stoffes in eine heisse Gasströmung und Gerät zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines flüssigen Stoffes in eine heisse Gasströmung und Gerät zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0289422B1
EP0289422B1 EP88401034A EP88401034A EP0289422B1 EP 0289422 B1 EP0289422 B1 EP 0289422B1 EP 88401034 A EP88401034 A EP 88401034A EP 88401034 A EP88401034 A EP 88401034A EP 0289422 B1 EP0289422 B1 EP 0289422B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gaseous flow
stream
hot gaseous
fluid matter
revolution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88401034A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0289422A1 (de
Inventor
Maxime Labrot
Yves Valvy
Jean Feuillerat
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Airbus Group SAS
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Airbus Group SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to AT88401034T priority Critical patent/ATE60480T1/de
Publication of EP0289422A1 publication Critical patent/EP0289422A1/de
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Publication of EP0289422B1 publication Critical patent/EP0289422B1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/42—Plasma torches using an arc with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder, liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/313—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced in the centre of the conduit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B7/00—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas
    • B05B7/16—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed
    • B05B7/22—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc
    • B05B7/222—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc
    • B05B7/226—Spraying apparatus for discharge of liquids or other fluent materials from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas incorporating means for heating or cooling the material to be sprayed electrically, magnetically or electromagnetically, e.g. by arc using an arc the material being originally a particulate material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F2025/91—Direction of flow or arrangement of feed and discharge openings
    • B01F2025/918—Counter current flow, i.e. flows moving in opposite direction and colliding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for injecting at least one stream of a material in fluid form into a hot gas flow constituted by a plasma jet. It also relates to an apparatus making it possible to implement this method and to carry out all kinds of operations and reactions by means of such a hot gas flow.
  • patent EP-B-0 134 168 (US-A-4,616,779) describes a method for injecting at least one stream of a finely divided material into a hot gas flow constituted by a plasma jet, according to which a screen pierced with a plurality of d is interposed on the path of said hot gas flow orifices spatially distributed around the axis of said hot gas flow, so as to split it into a plurality of elementary flows having at least approximately the same general direction, and said stream of finely divided material is brought to at least one nozzle at least partially surrounded by said orifices, in order to create at least one stream of finely divided material, of direction at least approximately similar to that said elementary hot gas flows and surrounded by at least some of them.
  • At least approximately coaxial injection of the stream of finely divided material into the hot gas flow is thus carried out, so that the transfer conditions between the hot jet and the reagent are favored, as well as the homogenization of the mixture, while allowing the entrainment, and therefore the reaction, of all the reagent particles by the hot flow.
  • the object of the present invention is to improve the process of the patent mentioned above, in order to further improve its performance.
  • the method for injecting at least one stream of a fluid material into a hot gas flow constituted by a plasma jet, according to which there is interposed on the path of said hot gas flow a device for shaping this hot gas flow and bringing said fluid material to at least one nozzle, creating a flow of fluid material whose direction is at least approximately similar to the general direction of said hot gas flow shaped for said device, is remarkable in that it communicates to said hot gas flow the form of an envelope of revolution and in that it disposes said injection nozzle coaxially with the axis of said envelope of revolution.
  • said fluid material is injected inside the hot gas flow and, as a result of the high viscosity thereof, the particles of said material cannot escape and remain trapped in the plasma. , which they end up intimately mixing with.
  • the disadvantage encountered in the prior techniques and due to the viscosity of the plasma is therefore transformed into an advantage.
  • said plasma revolution envelope is at least substantially cylindrical.
  • the intimate mixing of the plasma and the fluid material occurs downstream of the shaping device, at a distance equal to several times, for example twenty, the diameter of the hot gas flow.
  • said envelope of revolution is at least substantially conical.
  • said particles are trapped in the plasma cone and are forced to mix therewith.
  • the fluid material can exit from the nozzle in the form of a stream of homogeneous circular section.
  • the stream of fluid material leaving the nozzle has an annular section.
  • the hot gas flow in the form of an envelope of revolution and / or the stream of fluid material may also be put into turbulence immediately downstream of said shaping device.
  • said nozzle comprises vanes, baffles, flanges or similar means for generating vortices in said flow of fluid material.
  • the stream of fluid material is most often injected on the downstream side of said hot gas flow, that is to say directly inside said envelope. However, it can also be injected on the upstream side, so that the fluid material passes through said shaping device with said hot gas flow, with which it begins to mix in said device.
  • a shaping or injection device constituted by a peripheral body and by a central body delimiting between them a channel of revolution for the flow hot gaseous, said central body being provided with at least one nozzle for fluid material, the axis of which is coaxial with the axis of revolution of said channel.
  • Said central body can be held integral with the peripheral body by at least one arm crossing said channel of revolution and the length of said channel, downstream of said arm, is at least equal to once the diameter of the gas flow upstream of said device.
  • the length of said channel is sufficient for the flow disturbances linked to the presence of said arm in said channel to be eliminated at the outlet of said device.
  • nozzle (s) of said central body prefferably supplied with fluid material by a conduit passing through such an arm.
  • said device is provided with a circulation circuit for a cooling fluid and this circuit includes conduits passing through said arm, in order to allow the central body to cool.
  • the injection device according to the invention can be manufactured by a non-porous foundry (with ceramic core). It can be made of copper or stainless steel, for example.
  • the annular section of the revolution channel has an area at least equal to that of the section of the incident hot gas flow.
  • the device according to the invention can thus be connected to a plasma torch whose power is of the order of 2.5 MW thermal and be used to inject up to one ton / hour of pulverulent material.
  • an apparatus for reaction and / or treatment of at least one material in fluid form in a hot gas flow comprising a generator of said hot gas flow and means for feeding of said fluid material is remarkable in that it comprises a device interposed on the path of said hot gas flow and constituted by a peripheral body and by a central body delimiting between them a channel of revolution, said central body being provided with at least one nozzle whose axis is coaxial with the axis of revolution of said channel.
  • the device according to the invention shown schematically in Figures 1 to 3, comprises a plasma generator symbolized by a rectangle 1 in phantom and emitting a plasma jet 2 of axis XX of uniform section.
  • a plasma jet 2 of axis XX of uniform section On the path of the plasma jet 2, which moves in the direction of arrow F2, is interposed an injection device 3 supplied with a material 4 in fluid form, by supply means 5. This supply is illustrated by the arrow F4.
  • the injection device 3 transforms the plasma jet 2 of uniform section into a jet 6 (arrow F6) having the form of a cylindrical envelope coaxial with the axis XX, that is that is to say that the section of the plasma jet 2 downstream of the injection device 3 has an annular section.
  • the injection device 3 emits a jet 7 (arrows F7) of fluid material 4, inside said plasma envelope 6 and coaxially with it. Downstream of the injection device 3, for example at a distance L from it equal to several times the diameter D of the plasma jet 2, a homogeneous jet 8 is obtained (arrow F8) resulting from the combination of the interaction and / or reaction of the plasma jet 2 and the fluid material 4, thanks to the intimate mixing of the plasma envelope 6 and the coaxial jet 7.
  • the plasma generator 1 the plasma jet 2, the injection device 3, the means 5 for supplying the fluid 4 and the jet 7 of it.
  • the plasma envelope 9 (arrow F9), which is formed by the injection device 3 and coaxially to which the jet 7 is injected, is no longer cylindrical like the envelope 6 of FIG. 1, but conical and converging towards the axis XX.
  • the mixture of the plasma envelope 9 and the jet 7 of fluid material creates, downstream of the device 3 and at some distance from it, a homogeneous jet 10 of plasma and material 4.
  • the jet 7 of fluid material 4 (arrow F7) is directed in the same direction as the plasma jets 2, 6 and 9, that is to say towards the resulting homogeneous jets 8 and 10 and therefore downstream.
  • the jet 11 of fluid material 4 (arrow F11) is directed in the opposite direction to the plasma jet 2, that is to say against the current upstream of said plasma jet 2. In this case, the material 4 coming from the jet 11 passes through the injection device 3 and is transported downstream by the plasma envelope 6 (or 9).
  • Figures 4 and 5 show an embodiment of the injection device 3.
  • This comprises a peripheral body 12 and a central body 13, defining between them a channel 14 of revolution, said central body 13 being integral with the peripheral body 12 by means of at least one arm 15 partially closing the channel of revolution 14.
  • the peripheral body 12 is fixed to the outlet of the plasma generator 1 and the central body 13 and the arm 15 are aerodynamically profiled.
  • the plasma jet 2 leaving the generator 1 enters the coaxial device 3 and is put in the form of a conical envelope by passing through the annular channel 14, bypassing the central body 13, which forms an obstacle and which for example has the shape of a bulb.
  • the jet 9 in the form of a conical envelope leaves the device 1 via the annular nozzle 16.
  • the central body 13 has a central annular passage 17 ending in an annular nozzle 18, coaxial with the annular nozzle 16, but smaller than this.
  • a conduit 19 passing through the arm 16, the downstream annular passage 17 and the nozzle 18 are supplied with fluid material 4 from the supply means 5.
  • cooling fluid circulation circuits are provided in said peripheral body 12 and downstream 13. These circuits are connected to each other by conduits 20 passing through the arm 15 and are connected to the outside by supply lines 21 and return line 22.
  • FIG. 6 schematically shows a device 3 adapted to the mode of implementation of FIG. 3, in which the jet 11 of fluid material (arrows F11) is directed upstream of the plasma.
  • FIG 7 there is shown schematically a device 3 for injecting a stream 7 (arrows F7) of fluid material downstream and a stream 11 (arrow F11) of fluid material upstream. It was assumed that the central body 13 was connected to the peripheral body 12 by two arms 15 and 23 and that the two streams 7 and 11 came from two different sources, through passages 19 and 24, crossing the arms 15 and 23 respectively. .
  • blades 25 or spoilers 26 can be provided in the channel 17, in the vicinity of the nozzle 18, to create turbulence in the jet 7 of fluid material, intended to facilitate even more the mixing the particles of said jet with the envelope-shaped plasma.
  • the length 1 of the channel of revolution 14 downstream of the arm 15 is at least equal to once the diameter D of the jet 2.

Claims (14)

1. Verfahren zum Einspritzen zumindest eines Stromes eines flüssigen Stoffes (4) in eine aus einem Plasmastrahl bestehende heiße Gasströmung (2), wobeinach dem Verfahren auf der Bahn der heißen Gasströmung eine Vorrichtung (3) der Formgestaltung dieser heißen Gasströmung zwischengeschaltet und der Strom des flüssigen Stoffes zumindest einer Düse zugeführt wird, die einen Strom (7) des flüsigen Stoffes erzeugt, dessen Richtung zumindest annähernd ähnlich ist der allgemeinen Richtung der von der Vorrichtung (3) formgestalteten heißen Gasströmung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der heißen Gasströmung (2) die Form einer Umlaufs- oder Drehungsumhüllung (6; 9) verliehen wird und daß die Einspritzdüse (18) koaxial zur Achse (X-X) der Umlaufs- oder Drehungsumhüllung angeordnet ist.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umlaufs- oder Drehungsumhüllung (6) zumindest allgemein zylinderförmig ist.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Umlaufs- oder Drehungsumhüllung zumindest allgemein konisch ist.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der aus der Düse austretenden Strom (7) des flüssigen Stoffes einen homogenen kreisförmigen Querschnitt aufweist.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der aus der Düse austretende Strom (7) des flüssigen Stoffes einen ringförmigen Querschnitt aufweist.
6. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Strom (7) des flüssigen Stoffes verwirbelt wird.
7. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Strom (7) des flüssigen Stoffes unterstromseitig von der heißen Gasströmung eingespritzt wird.
8. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Strom (7) des flüssigen Stoffes oberstromseitig von der heißen Gasströmung eingespritzt wird.
9. Verfahren nach den vorhergehenden Ansprüche 7 und 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein erster Strom (7) des flüssigen Stoffes unterstromseitig von der heißen Gasströmung und demgegenüber ein zweiter Strom (11) des flüssigen Stoffes oberstromseitig von der heißen Gasströmung eingespritzt wird.
10. Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen zumindest eines Stromes eines flüssignen Stoffes (4) in eine aus einem heißen Plasmastrahl bestehende heiße Gasströmung und zum Durchführen des in den Ansprüchen 1 bis 9 im einzelnen bezeichneten Verfahrens, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen peripheren Körper (12) und einen zentralen Körper (13) aufweist, zwischen denen ein Umlaufs- oder Drehungskanal (14) für die heiße Gasströmung abgegrenzt ist, wobei der zentrale Körper mit zumindest einer Düse (18) für den flüssigen Stoff versehen ist, deren Achse koaxial zur Umlaufs- oder Drehungsachse des Kanals (14) liegt.
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der zentrale Körper (13) von zumindest einem den Umlauf- oder Drehungskanal (14) durchquerenden Arm (15) mit dem peripheren Körper verbunden gehalten wird und daß die Länge des Kanals unterstomig vom Arm zumindest gleich ist ein Mal dem Durchmesser der Gasströmung oberstromig von der Vorrichtung.
12. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Düse des zentralen Körpers von einer den Arm durchquerenden Leitung (19, 24) mit dem flüssigen Stoff gespeist wird.
13. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Umlaufkreis für eine Kühlfüssigkeit aufweist, der den Arm (15) durchquerenden Leitungen (10, 20) besitzt.
14. Reaktions- und Behandlungsvorrichtung zumindest eines flüssigen Stoffes (4) in einer aus einem Plasmastrahl bestehenden heißen Gaströmung (2) und bestehend aus einem Erzeuger (1) der heißen Gasströmung und Versorgungseinrichtungen (5) des flüssigen Stoffes, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine Vorrichtung (3) aufweist, die auf der Bahn der heißen Gasströmung zwischengeschaltet ist und einen peripheren Körper (12) und einen zentralen Körper (13) aufweist, zwischen denen ein Umlaufs-oder Drehungskanal (14) für die heiße Gasströmung abgegrenzt ist, wobei der zentrale Körper (13) mit zumindest einer Düse (18) für den flüssigen Stoff versehen ist, deren Achse koaxial zur Umlaufs- oder Drehungsachse des Kanals (14) liegt.
EP88401034A 1987-04-29 1988-04-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines flüssigen Stoffes in eine heisse Gasströmung und Gerät zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP0289422B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88401034T ATE60480T1 (de) 1987-04-29 1988-04-28 Verfahren und vorrichtung zum einspritzen eines fluessigen stoffes in eine heisse gasstroemung und geraet zur durchfuehrung dieses verfahrens.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8706084A FR2614751B1 (fr) 1987-04-29 1987-04-29 Procede et dispositif pour l'injection d'une matiere sous forme fluide dans un ecoulement gazeux chaud et appareil mettant en oeuvre ce procede
FR8706084 1987-04-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0289422A1 EP0289422A1 (de) 1988-11-02
EP0289422B1 true EP0289422B1 (de) 1991-01-23

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EP88401034A Expired - Lifetime EP0289422B1 (de) 1987-04-29 1988-04-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Einspritzen eines flüssigen Stoffes in eine heisse Gasströmung und Gerät zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens

Country Status (13)

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US (1) US4958767A (de)
EP (1) EP0289422B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0732075B2 (de)
KR (1) KR960000937B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE60480T1 (de)
AU (1) AU603891B2 (de)
BR (1) BR8802166A (de)
CA (1) CA1286369C (de)
DE (1) DE3861620D1 (de)
DK (1) DK169397B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2019990B3 (de)
FR (1) FR2614751B1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA882806B (de)

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JP4431857B2 (ja) * 2003-05-30 2010-03-17 富士フイルム株式会社 マイクロデバイス
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GB0904948D0 (en) * 2009-03-23 2009-05-06 Monitor Coatings Ltd Compact HVOF system

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK169397B1 (da) 1994-10-17
DK209688D0 (da) 1988-04-18
BR8802166A (pt) 1988-12-06
US4958767A (en) 1990-09-25
FR2614751A1 (fr) 1988-11-04
FR2614751B1 (fr) 1991-10-04
ATE60480T1 (de) 1991-02-15
ZA882806B (en) 1988-10-20
ES2019990B3 (es) 1991-07-16
KR880013426A (ko) 1988-11-30
JPH0732075B2 (ja) 1995-04-10
DE3861620D1 (de) 1991-02-28
KR960000937B1 (ko) 1996-01-15
AU1528888A (en) 1988-11-03
JPS63274097A (ja) 1988-11-11
CA1286369C (fr) 1991-07-16
EP0289422A1 (de) 1988-11-02
DK209688A (da) 1988-10-30
AU603891B2 (en) 1990-11-29

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