EP0286845B1 - Verfahren zum Verfeuern von insb. salzhaltiger Braunkohle - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Verfeuern von insb. salzhaltiger Braunkohle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0286845B1
EP0286845B1 EP88103982A EP88103982A EP0286845B1 EP 0286845 B1 EP0286845 B1 EP 0286845B1 EP 88103982 A EP88103982 A EP 88103982A EP 88103982 A EP88103982 A EP 88103982A EP 0286845 B1 EP0286845 B1 EP 0286845B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
free space
fluidised bed
ash
temperature
flue gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88103982A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0286845A1 (de
Inventor
Rudi Derksen
Rainer Dr. Nottenkämper
Hans-Georg Jarmuzewski
Karl-Heinz Maintok
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Babcock Werke Energie und Umwelttechnik AG
Original Assignee
Deutsche Babcock Werke Energie und Umwelttechnik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6325688&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0286845(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Deutsche Babcock Werke Energie und Umwelttechnik AG filed Critical Deutsche Babcock Werke Energie und Umwelttechnik AG
Priority to AT88103982T priority Critical patent/ATE64190T1/de
Publication of EP0286845A1 publication Critical patent/EP0286845A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0286845B1 publication Critical patent/EP0286845B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/002—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus for pulverulent solid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
    • F22B31/003—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type with tubes surrounding the bed or with water tube wall partitions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F23C9/003—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for pulverulent fuel

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for firing lignite, in particular salt-containing lignite with an excessive amount of alkalis according to the preamble of claim 1, as is known from DE-A-3 503 603.
  • Lignites of normal composition can be burned in dust and fluidized bed furnaces from steam generators.
  • the ash of the lignite has an unfavorable ratio of so-called basic constituents such as CaO and MgO to so-called acidic constituents such as SiO2 and Al2O3 in the presence of alkalis, the lignite becomes more difficult to burn, the higher the base / acid ratio and become alkaline (BRAUNKOHLE 1976, No. 6, pp. 206 - 217).
  • These lignites can then only be fired using special constructions or are not considered suitable for firing.
  • As a special construction on dust-fired boilers a low flame temperature by recirculating cold flue gas in question.
  • EP-A-0 003 792 discloses a process for the combustion of salt-laden residues in a fluidized bed furnace. With this method, a temperature of 720 ° C. should not be exceeded in the fluidized bed, which is achieved via the fuel supply. In order to maintain a flue gas temperature of 850 ° C, additional fuel is fed into the free space above the fluidized bed. Fluidized bed material is withdrawn discontinuously from the fluidized bed and replaced by fresh sand.
  • DE-A-3 503 603 describes a firing system which is also suitable for the combustion of more volatile fuels such as lignite.
  • the combustion system comprises a combustion chamber which consists at least partially of cooled walls and which contains a smoldering chamber in the lower part and an afterburning chamber in the upper part, the smoldering chamber being able to have a fluidized bed.
  • the melting chamber is operated under substoichiometric conditions at a temperature of 500 to 1200 ° C and the afterburning chamber is operated under superstoichiometric conditions at a temperature of 800 to 1400 ° C.
  • Cold flue gas can be added to the combustion air in order to achieve low combustion chamber temperatures.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for burning lignite, in which the most favorable combustion temperature in the fluidized bed and the free space can be set when using normal lignite and which is also suitable for those saline lignites that are not used in conventional steam generators or could only be used to a limited extent.
  • the fluidized bed allows a lower combustion temperature compared to dust firing.
  • the cold flue gas serves in the absence of bundle heating surfaces in the fluidized bed and / or the free space as a heat carrier for receiving the Combustion heat from the fluidized bed and the free space.
  • saline lignite with an increased alkali content it is possible to maintain such a low temperature that the alkalis are only partially evaporated. Maintaining low wall temperatures in the free space prevents deposits that are difficult to remove from sticking to the pipe wall.
  • a selectively adjustable, higher temperature ensures that the gaseous constituents of the coal and the entrained coal particles escaping from the fluidized bed are burned out. It is achieved by the features of claim 2 that the heating surfaces with a high wall temperature, on which fuel-related saline deposits adhere, are laid in a second flue gas duct. The salt-containing products resulting from the cleaning of the heating surfaces therefore do not get back into the fluidized bed, so that salting is avoided.
  • the features of claim 3 serve to maintain a sufficient amount of bed material for the operation of the fluidized bed without the alkali content accumulating in the fluidized bed.
  • a steam generator used to fire lignite is designed as a multi-pass boiler and has a first flue gas duct 1, a second flue gas duct 2 and a third flue gas duct 3, which are delimited by gas-tight pipe walls through which water and steam flow.
  • the first flue gas duct 1 serves as a combustion chamber and takes up a fluidized bed 4 in the lower part.
  • the fluidized bed 4 is with an outside Ash processing device 5 connected.
  • a constriction 6 can be formed above the fluidized bed 4 by bending, which causes an additional mixing of the flue gases.
  • the interior of the first flue gas flue 1 is kept free of bundle heating surfaces and represents a free space 7.
  • the second and third flue gas flues 2, 3 are connected by a boiler funnel 8, at the lower end of which a discharge device 9 is arranged.
  • a discharge device 9 is arranged in the second and third flue gas flues 2, 3, heating surfaces 10, 11 are arranged, which are connected as superheaters or economizers. Sootblowers are provided for cleaning the heating surfaces 10, 11.
  • saline lignite is preferably fired, the ash of which contains an alkali fraction of more than 2%.
  • This coal is fed via a coal entry 12 into the fluidized bed 4, in which it is burned with the aid of air.
  • the air is fed into the fluidized bed via a fan 13 through an air line 14. All of the air required for the combustion is preferably introduced into the fluidized bed 4. Alternatively, it can also be provided that part of the air is introduced as secondary and tertiary air into the free space 7 above the fluidized bed 4. Such an air division is particularly to be provided when normal brown coal with an increased nitrogen content is used.
  • Cold flue gas with exhaust gas temperature is drawn off from the cold end of the steam generator and fed into the fluidized bed 4 and the free space 7 above the fluidized bed 4 via a recirculation blower 15 and flue gas lines 16.
  • a pressure-increasing fan 17 is used to compensate for the pressure difference within the fluidized bed 4.
  • the cold flue gas partly absorbs the combustion heat generated in the fluidized bed 4 and in the post-combustion zone within the free space 7.
  • the amount and the distribution of the cold flue gas is carried out in such a way that a temperature of at most 780 degrees C. is set in the fluidized bed 4 and in front of the first heating surface 10 in the second flue gas duct 2.
  • the gas temperature is about 850 degrees C.
  • a wall temperature is set which is about 400 degrees C below the softening temperature of the fly ash.
  • the low bed temperature ensures that a large part of the alkalis in the fluidized bed 4 do not evaporate and that the alkali chlorides and sulfates of the coal ash are bound, for example, to lime which is fed to the fluidized bed 4 together with the coal or separately therefrom.
  • Prolonged continuous operation with saline lignite leads to a concentration of the salt content and to a uniform grain formation in the fluidized bed, which limits uniform fluidization. For this reason, it is necessary to continuously remove bed ash. For this reason, part of the bed ash is removed from the fluidized bed 4 via an ash line 18, cooled and fed to the ash processing device 5.
  • the ash processing device is provided with an inlet 19 and a mixing device 20.
  • By treating the ash with a solvent in the ash treatment device 5 a large part of the ash or the alkalis is dissolved and removed via a drain line 21.
  • the bed material is reactivated to bind the sulfates and chlorides.
  • the reactivated ash is returned to the fluidized bed 4 to maintain the salt-free bed material.
  • the ashes can be returned directly or via the coal entry 12. Part of the processed ash can be removed from the system via a drain line 22.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
EP88103982A 1987-04-15 1988-03-14 Verfahren zum Verfeuern von insb. salzhaltiger Braunkohle Expired - Lifetime EP0286845B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88103982T ATE64190T1 (de) 1987-04-15 1988-03-14 Verfahren zum verfeuern von insb. salzhaltiger braunkohle.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873712801 DE3712801A1 (de) 1987-04-15 1987-04-15 Verfahren zum verfeuern von insb. salzhaltiger braunkohle
DE3712801 1987-04-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0286845A1 EP0286845A1 (de) 1988-10-19
EP0286845B1 true EP0286845B1 (de) 1991-06-05

Family

ID=6325688

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88103982A Expired - Lifetime EP0286845B1 (de) 1987-04-15 1988-03-14 Verfahren zum Verfeuern von insb. salzhaltiger Braunkohle

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0286845B1 (hu)
AT (1) ATE64190T1 (hu)
AU (1) AU594867B2 (hu)
DD (1) DD268758A5 (hu)
DE (2) DE3712801A1 (hu)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3814314C1 (hu) * 1988-04-28 1989-06-22 Deutsche Babcock Werke Ag, 4200 Oberhausen, De
FI91800C (sv) * 1991-09-12 1994-08-10 Imatran Voima Oy Förfarande och anordning vid avkylning av cirkulationsmassan i en svävväddspanna
DE19855670A1 (de) 1998-12-02 1999-12-09 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Dampferzeugers und Dampferzeuger zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE19903510C2 (de) * 1999-01-29 2002-03-07 Mg Technologies Ag Verfahren zum Verbrennen oder Vergasen in der zirkulierenden Wirbelschicht
DE102005035659A1 (de) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-01 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kessels eines Kohlekraftwerkes sowie nach diesem Verfahren betreibbarer Kessel
DE102011117325A1 (de) * 2011-03-24 2012-09-27 h s beratung GmbH & Co. KG Erhöhung des Heizwertbereichs von Brennstoffen sowie des Bereichs zwischen Minimal- und Maximallast in Wirbelschichtfeuerungen
CN104330437B (zh) * 2014-10-15 2017-02-15 上海发电设备成套设计研究院 一种用于防止高碱煤结焦沾污研究的实验装置
US10415825B2 (en) * 2016-06-07 2019-09-17 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Methods of generating energy from cellulosic biofuel waste
CN113266844B (zh) * 2021-06-08 2022-05-27 南方电网电力科技股份有限公司 一种基于对冲锅炉的壁温偏差控制方法及装置

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2808029A1 (de) 1978-02-24 1979-08-30 Bayer Ag Verbrennung von salzbeladenen rueckstaenden in einem wirbelbettofen
DE2857527C2 (de) * 1978-04-14 1982-11-18 Babcock-Hitachi K.K., Tokyo Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Abfällen
DK310979A (da) * 1978-08-04 1980-02-05 Energy Equip Fremgangsmaade til styring af driften af fyringsanlaeg med fluidiseret bund samt midler til brug ved fremgangsmaadens gennemfoerelse
DE2935687A1 (de) * 1978-09-08 1980-04-03 Babcock Hitachi Kk Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regenerierung eines fluidisiermediums
CH651644A5 (de) * 1980-11-13 1985-09-30 Sulzer Ag Gekuehlter verbrennungsraum mit einer wirbelschichtfeuerung und verfahren zum betrieb desselben.
DE3107355C2 (de) * 1981-02-27 1990-11-15 L. & C. Steinmüller GmbH, 5270 Gummersbach Verfahren zur Erzeugung einer Wirbelschicht mit Wirbelschichtmassenregulierung
US4433631A (en) * 1981-05-18 1984-02-28 Fluidyne Engineering Corporation Method and apparatus for producing a useful stream of hot gas from a fluidized bed combustor while controlling the bed's temperature
DE3224909A1 (de) * 1982-07-03 1984-01-05 Ferdinand Lentjes, Dampfkessel- und Maschinenbau, 4000 Düsseldorf Wirbelschichtfeuerung
DD215144A1 (de) * 1983-05-19 1984-10-31 Wolfgang Kluge Verfahren zur verbrennung fester, salzhaltiger brennstoffe in wirbelschichtfeuerungen
DE3503603A1 (de) 1985-02-02 1986-08-07 Cornel. Schmidt GmbH & Co KG, 5090 Leverkusen Feuerungsanlage
CN1010425B (zh) * 1985-05-23 1990-11-14 西门子股份有限公司 沸腾炉
JPS62182516A (ja) * 1986-02-05 1987-08-10 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd 流動床式焼却炉の燃焼方法
DE3604318C2 (de) * 1986-02-12 1994-01-13 Metallgesellschaft Ag Verfahren zur Verbrennung von Kuhmist

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3712801C2 (hu) 1990-04-12
ATE64190T1 (de) 1991-06-15
DE3712801A1 (de) 1988-11-03
AU594867B2 (en) 1990-03-15
DD268758A5 (de) 1989-06-07
EP0286845A1 (de) 1988-10-19
DE3863115D1 (de) 1991-07-11
AU1350688A (en) 1988-10-20

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