Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/37—Polymers
  • C11D3/3788—Graft polymers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0036—Soil deposition preventing compositions; Antiredeposition agents

Definitions

• the object of the present invention is to provide other graying inhibitors for detergents and graying inhibitors for the aftertreatment of textile goods containing synthetic fibers.
• the polyalkylene oxides of molecular weight (number average) from 300 to 100,000 based on ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and / or butylene oxide given under a) above serve as the graft base.
• Homopolymers of ethylene oxide or copolymers having an ethylene oxide content of 40 to 99 mol% are preferably used.
• the proportion of ethylene oxide polymerized in is therefore 40 to 100 mol% for the ethylene oxide polymers to be used with preference.
• Propylene oxide, butylene oxide and / or isobutylene oxide are suitable as comonomers for these copolymers.
• copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide for example, copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, copolymers of ethylene oxide and butylene oxide and copolymers of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide and at least one butylene oxide are suitable.
• the ethylene oxide content of the copolymers is preferably 40 to 99 mol%, the propylene oxide content 1 to 60 mol% and the proportion Butylene oxide in the copolymers 1 to 30 mol%.
• straight-chain, branched homopolymers or copolymers can also be used as the graft base.
• Branched copolymers are prepared, for example, by working on polyhydric low molecular weight alcohols, e.g. Trimethylolpropane, pentoses or hexoses, ethylene oxide and optionally also propylene oxide and / or butylene oxides.
• the alkylene oxide units can be randomly distributed in the polymer or in the form of blocks.
• N-vinylpyrrolidone is grafted onto the polyalkylene oxides as the monomer of component (b).
• component (c) vinyl esters are used which are derived from a saturated monocarboxylic acid containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, as well as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, methyl methacrylate and mixtures of the aforementioned monomers. Suitable vinyl esters are, for example, vinyl formate, vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl valerate, vinyl i-valerate and vinyl caproate. Of the monomers of group (c), vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, methyl acrylate or mixtures of vinyl acetate and methyl acrylate are preferably used.
• the polyalkylene oxides of component (a) which are considered are grafted with the monomers of component (b) in the presence of initiators which form free radicals or by the action of high-energy radiation, which should also be understood to mean the action of high-energy electrons.
• This can be done by dissolving the polyalkylene oxide in at least one monomer of group (b) and polymerizing the mixture after adding a polymerization initiator.
• the graft polymerization can also be carried out semi-continuously by initially introducing a portion, for example 10%, of the mixture of polyalkylene oxide to be polymerized, at least one monomer from group (b) and / or (c) and initiator, heating to the polymerization temperature and after the light-off Polymerization adds the rest of the mixture to be polymerized as the polymerization progresses.
• the graft polymers can also be obtained by placing the polyalkylene oxides of group (a) in a reactor, heating to the polymerization temperature and at least one monomer from group (b) and / or (c) and polymerization initiator either all at once, batchwise or preferably continuously adds and polymerizes.
• the weight ratio of components (a): (b): (c) is from 1: 0.3: 1 to 1: 5: 30 and is preferably in the range from 1: 0.5: 1.5 to 1: 4 : 25.
• the order in which the monomers (b) and (c) are grafted onto the polymer (a) can be chosen as desired. For example, N-vinylpyrrolidone is first grafted onto the polymer (a) and then a monomer (c) or a mixture of monomers from group (c).
• the graft polymers are preferably used, in the production of which first N-vinylpyrrolidone and then vinyl acetate were grafted onto the graft base.
• Particularly suitable polymerization initiators are organic peroxides, such as diacetyl peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, succinyl peroxide, di-tert.-butyl peroxide, tert.-butyl perbenzoate, tert.-butyl perpivalate, tert.-butyl permaleinate, cumene hydroperoxide, diisopropyl peroxidic o-tamoyl (bis) peroxide, didecanoyl peroxide, dioctanoyl peroxide, dilauroyl peroxide, tert-butyl perisobutyrate, tert-butyl peracetate, di-tert-amyl peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide and mixtures of the initiators, redox initiators and azo starters mentioned.
• organic peroxides such as diacetyl peroxide, dibenzoyl peroxide, succ
• the graft polymerization takes place in the temperature range from 50 to 200, preferably 70 to 140 ° C. It is usually carried out under atmospheric pressure, but can also take place under reduced or elevated pressure. If desired, the graft polymerization described above can also be carried out in a solvent.
• Suitable solvents are, for example, alcohols, such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, sec-butanol, tert-butanol, n-hexanol and cyclohexanol, and glycols, such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and butylene glycol, and the methyl or Ethyl ether of dihydric alcohols, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, glycerin and dioxane.
• the graft polymerization can also be carried out in water as a solvent.
• the emulsifiers used are, for example, ionic or nonionic surfactants whose HLB value is in the range from 3 to 13.
• HLB value For the definition of the HLB value, reference is made to the publication by WC Griffin, J. Soc. Cosmetic Chem., Volume 5, 249 (1954).
• the amount of surfactants, based on the graft copolymer is 0.1 to 5% by weight.
• solutions or dispersions of the graft polymers are obtained. If solutions of the graft polymer are prepared in an organic solvent or in mixtures of an organic solvent and water, 5 to 200, preferably 10 to 100 parts by weight of the organic solvent or solvent mixture are used per 100 parts by weight of the graft polymer .
• the weight ratio of components a) to b) to c) in the graft polymer is 1: 0.3: 1 to 1: 5: 30, preferably 1: 0.5: 1.5 to 1: 4:25.
• the graft polymers have a K value of 5 to 200, preferably 5 to 50 (determined according to H. Fikentscher in dimethylformamide at 25 ° C. and a polymer concentration of 2% by weight).
• the graft polymer can optionally be subjected to a partial hydrolysis, in which up to 15 mol% of the grafted monomers of component (c) are hydrolyzed.
• the hydrolysis of graft polymers leads to graft polymers containing vinyl alcohol units.
• the hydrolysis can be carried out, for example, by adding a base, such as sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution, or else by adding acids and, if appropriate, heating the mixture.
• the graft polymers described above are used in detergents with a reduced phosphate content (this is to be understood as meaning a phosphate content of less than 25% by weight sodium triphosphate) or in phosphate-free detergents.
• the graft polymers described above are added to commercial detergent formulations in an amount of 0.1 to 5, preferably 0.3 to 3,% by weight, based on the detergent mixture.
• the graft polymers can be added to the detergent formulation in the form of granules, a paste, a highly viscous mass, as a dispersion or as a solution in a solvent.
• the graft polymers can also be adsorbed on the surface of fillers, for example sodium sulfate or builders (zeolites) and other solid auxiliaries in the detergent formulation.
• phosphate content is below 25% by weight or detergents which are free of phosphate at all contain surfactants as an essential component, e.g. C8 to C12 alkylphenol ethoxylates, C12 to C20 alkanol ethoxylates, and block copolymers of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
• the polyalkylene oxides are solid substances at room temperature up to temperatures of 50 ° C. to 60 ° C. and are readily soluble or dispersible in water. These are linear or branched reaction products of ethylene oxide with propylene oxide and / or isobutylene oxide, which have a block structure or which can also have a statistical structure.
• the end groups of the polyalkylene oxides can optionally be closed. This should be understood to mean that the free OH groups of the polyalkylene oxides can be etherified and / or esterified and / or aminated and / or reacted with isocyanates.
• Anionic surfactants such as C8 to C12 alkyl benzene sulfonates, C12 to C16 alkane sulfonates, C12 to C16 alkyl sulfates, C12 to C16 alkyl sulfosuccinates and sulfated ethoxylated C12 to C16 alkanols are also suitable as constituents of powder detergents.
• Powdered detergents usually contain 5 to 20% by weight of a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants.
• the powder detergents may also optionally contain polycarboxylic acids or their salts, for example tartaric acid or citric acid.
• incrustation inhibitors are, for example, homopolymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and maleic acid or copolymers, e.g. Copolymers of maleic acid and acrylic acid, copolymers of maleic acid and methacrylic acid or copolymers of a) acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid with b) acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters, vinyl esters, allyl esters, itaconic acid esters, itaconic acid, methylene malonic acid, methylene malonic acid esters, crotonic acid and crotonic acid esters.
• homopolymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and maleic acid or copolymers e.g. Copolymers of maleic acid and acrylic acid, copolymers of maleic acid and methacrylic acid or copolymers of a) acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid with b) acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters, vinyl esters, allyl
• copolymers of olefins and C1 to C4 alkyl vinyl ethers come into consideration.
• the molecular weight of the homo- and copolymers is 1,000 to 100,000.
• the incrustation inhibitors are used in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight in detergents.
• compositions of the detergent mixture can also be corrosion inhibitors, monomeric, oligomeric and polymeric phosphonates, ether sulfonates based on unsaturated fatty alcohols, for example oleyl alcohol ethoxylate butyl ether and their alkali metal salts.
• Powdery Detergents can optionally also contain zeolites, for example in an amount of 5 to 30% by weight.
• the detergent formulations can optionally also contain bleaches. If bleaching agents are used, the amounts usually used are 3 to 25% by weight. The best known bleach is, for example, sodium perborate.
• the detergent formulations may also contain bleach activators, plasticizers, defoamers, perfumes, optical brighteners and enzymes. Detergents, such as sodium sulfate, can optionally be present in an amount of 10 to 30% by weight.
• the graft polymers described above can also be used as an additive to liquid detergents.
• the liquid detergents contain, as a mixing component, liquid or solid surfactants which are soluble or at least dispersible in the detergent formulation.
• the surfactant content of liquid detergents is usually in the range from 15 to 50% by weight. Suitable surfactants for this are the products which are also used in powder detergents, and liquid polyalkylene oxides or polyalkoxylated compounds.
• a small amount of solubilizers e.g. Water or a water-miscible organic solvent, e.g. Prepare a homogeneous mixture of isopropanol, methanol, ethanol, glycol, diethylene glycol or triethylene glycol.
• the graft polymers are also suitable as an additive in the aftertreatment of textile material containing synthetic fibers.
• they are added to the last rinsing bath of a washing machine cycle, the addition either being carried out together with a fabric softener normally used at this point or — if a fabric softener is not desired — alone instead of the fabric softener.
• the amounts used are 0.01 to 0.3 g / l wash liquor.
• the use of the graft polymers in the last rinsing bath of a washing machine cycle has the advantage that the laundry is soiled less by detached dirt particles that are present in the washing liquor during the next washing cycle than without the addition of the graying inhibitor in the previous washing.
• the parts given in the examples are parts by weight, the figures in percent relate to the weight of the substances.
• the molecular weights (number average) of the polyalkylene oxides a) used were calculated from the OH number.
• graft polymers were prepared in such a way that first N-vinylpyrrolidone and then vinyl acetate or a mixture of vinyl acetate and methyl acrylate at 105 ° C. using 2.25% by weight, based on the polyethylene oxide given in Table 1 the monomers used in the graft copolymerization polymerized onto dibenzoyl peroxide.
• the K values of the graft polymers obtained are also given in Table 1.
• M n number average molecular weight
• PEO polyethylene oxide
• VP N-vinyl pyrrolidone
• VAc vinyl acetate
• MA methyl acrylate
• the graft copolymers 6 and 7 were hydrolyzed to 15 mol%.
• the graying-inhibiting effect of the above-mentioned graft copolymers was tested as follows: polyester test fabric and polyester / cotton blend fabric were used together with a standard dirt fabric subjected to a series of 3 washes. The dirty fabric is renewed after each wash, the test fabric becoming more soiled after each wash. The whiteness of the test fabric after the 3rd wash is used to assess the degree of soiling. The values are secured by repeated repetition and averaging. The photometric measurement of the reflectance in% was measured in the present case on the Elrepho 2000 (Datacolor) at the wavelength of 460 nm (barium primary white standard according to DIN 5033).
• the graying inhibitor was added in each case in an amount of 0.5%, based on the test detergent.
• the test vessels each contained 15 g of test fabric (5 g polyester, 5 g polyester-cotton blend and 5 g cotton fabric) and 10 g dirt fabric. Cotton dirt from the Krefeld laundry research institute was used as the dirt fabric, namely WFK 10D.
• the test detergent used had the following composition: C12 alkyl benzene sulfonate 6.25% Tallow fatty alcohol reacted with 11% 4.7% ethylene oxide Soap 2.8% Na triphosphate (90% degree of conservation) 20% Na perborate (tetrahydrate) 20% Na2SO4 24% Sodium disilicate 6% Mg silicate 1.25% Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), Na salt 0.6% Tetrasodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 0.2% Rest of water to 100%.
• CMC Carboxymethyl cellulose
• Table 2 shows the increase in reflectance of polyester and polyester / cotton blended fabrics after addition of 0.5% of the products to be used according to the invention, based on the weight of the test detergent used. Table 2 also shows the results of comparative examples.
• Table 2 shows that the homopolymers PEO, PVP and PVac and the fully saponified graft polymers 9 and 10 have practically no activity as a graying inhibitor.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Citations (2)

• 1987
  • 1987-04-03 DE DE19873711318 patent/DE3711318A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1988
  • 1988-03-26 EP EP88104889A patent/EP0285038B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-03-26 DE DE8888104889T patent/DE3882409D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-03-29 JP JP63073483A patent/JP2541617B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1988-03-31 US US07/176,333 patent/US4904408A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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