EP0283518B1 - Method of obtaining aluminosilicon alloy containing 2-22 per cent by weight of silicon - Google Patents
Method of obtaining aluminosilicon alloy containing 2-22 per cent by weight of silicon Download PDFInfo
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- EP0283518B1 EP0283518B1 EP86907018A EP86907018A EP0283518B1 EP 0283518 B1 EP0283518 B1 EP 0283518B1 EP 86907018 A EP86907018 A EP 86907018A EP 86907018 A EP86907018 A EP 86907018A EP 0283518 B1 EP0283518 B1 EP 0283518B1
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- the invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy and the production of alloys and relates in particular to methods for producing an aluminum-silicon alloy with a silicon content of 2 to 22 mass%.
- a method for producing an aluminum-silicon alloy with a silicon content of 2 to 22% by mass which consists in placing crystalline silicon on the hearth surface of a flame furnace, the applied crystalline silicon having the shape of a cone which is molten Pour aluminum into the trough of said flame furnace at a temperature of 780 to 820 ° C and periodically mix the resulting aluminum-silicon melt by hand;
- a disadvantage of the known methods is that the process for producing the aluminum-silicon alloy is to be carried out at higher temperatures (780 to 820 ° C.), which leads to an increase in the hydrogen and aluminum oxide content of the finished alloy. This in turn reduces the quality of the alloy to be produced and increases irretrievable losses in feed material.
- This object is achieved in that a method for producing an aluminum-silicon alloy with a silicon content of 2 to 22 mass% is proposed, which provides for the task of crystalline silicon on the hearth surface of a flame furnace, the given crystalline silicon being in the form of a Kegels has, the pouring of the molten aluminum into the trough of said flame furnace at a temperature of 780 to 820 ° C and the mixing of the resulting aluminum-silicon melt by means of a shaped jet of the same melt, in which, according to the invention, the melt jet onto the base of the Cone of the charged crystalline silicon is passed, the speed of the melt jet in the axial direction of the same being kept in a range from 0.5 to 0.8 m / s, simultaneously with the start of mixing, the temperature of the melt in the furnace trough to 670 to 750 ° reduced and the mixing of the Schme lze is carried out at the temperature mentioned.
- the temperature of the process control (temperature in the furnace trough) is reduced to 670 to 750 ° C., because this ensures better conditions for heat and mass transfer in the melt volume, which allows the hydrogen and aluminum oxide content of the melt reduce and thus improve the alloy quality and significantly reduce the irretrievable losses of feed material.
- energy consumption is significantly reduced when the process is carried out under the lower temperature conditions.
- the molten aluminum is in the tub of the Flame furnace cast in at a temperature of 780 to 820 ° C.
- the casting temperature mentioned is due to the special features of the operation of a flame furnace and the conditions of the process control in the production of the alloy in the furnace.
- the melt jet is directed onto the base of the cone of the applied crystalline silicon at a speed of 0.5 to 0.8 m / s in the axial direction of the jet.
- the supply of the melt jet in the axial direction of the same at a speed of less than 0.5 m / s is unsuitable because the movement of the melt in the tub changes into the area of a calm laminar flow, which reduces the effectiveness of the mixing (ie the effectiveness of the Heat and material exchange in the melting volume of the furnace pan is reduced).
- the supply of the melt jet in the axial direction of the same at a speed above 0.8 m / s is not economically justifiable because no further increase in the indicators of the effectiveness of the process control can be achieved.
- the temperature of the melt in the furnace trough is reduced to 670 to 750 ° C. at the same time as the mixing of the melt begins and the mixing of the melt is carried out at the temperature mentioned. It is not recommended to run the process at temperatures below 670 ° C because this increases the viscosity of the melt, which leads to a reduction in the mixing efficiency and consequently to an increase in the dissolution time of the silicon.
- the process control at temperatures above 750 ° C causes an undesirable increase in the melt solubility of the hydrogen and an increase in the loss of aluminum due to its oxidation.
- the method according to the invention for producing an aluminum-silicon alloy with a silicon content of 2 to 22 mass% is carried out as follows.
- the required amount of crystalline silicon is placed on the hearth surface of a flame furnace through a loading opening in the furnace ceiling, the added crystalline silicon having the shape of a cone.
- the required amount of molten aluminum is then poured into the furnace pan at a temperature of 780 to 820 ° C.
- the resulting aluminum-silicon melt is then mixed through a shaped jet of the same melt.
- the melt jet can, for example, with the help of centrifugal pumps from the company "Carborundum” (USA), gas dynamic pumps, electromagnetic mixers (AD Andreev, VV Gogin, GS Makarov “High-performance melting of aluminum alloys", published in 1980, publisher "Metallurgiya", Moscow, pages 89 to 95.
- the molded melt jet is guided onto the base of the cone of the charged crystalline silicon, the velocity of the melt jet in the axial direction thereof being in a range of 0.5 to 0.8 m / s Mixing reduces the temperature in the furnace trough to 670 to 750 ° C.
- the mixture is mixed at this temperature, and the temperature can be reduced to the stated values by switching off the heat source or by inevitably removing the heat to reuse them for other technological processes.
- the maturity of the melt is determined by a quick analysis to determine the content of the main components and additives in the alloy, after which the finished alloy is poured into molds.
- 2950 kg of crystalline silicon are placed on the stove surface of a flame furnace with a furnace content of 25000 kg of molten metal through a loading opening in the furnace roof, which takes on a conical shape on the stove surface.
- 22050 g of molten aluminum are poured into the furnace pan at a temperature of 820 ° C.
- the calculated silicon content of the laying is 11.7% by mass.
- the resulting aluminum-silicon melt is mixed by a shaped jet of the same melt.
- the beam is shaped using an electromagnetic mixer and the beam is directed onto the base of the cone of the applied crystalline silicon at a speed of 0.8 m / s in the axial direction thereof. Simultaneously with the beginning of the mixing, the melting temperature in the furnace trough is reduced to 700 ° C. by switching off the heat source, and the mixing of the melt is carried out at this temperature.
- the ripeness of the alloy is determined by a rapid analysis to determine the content of the main components and additives in the alloy, after which the finished alloy with a silicon content of 11.4% by mass is poured into a casting mold.
- the effectiveness of the method according to the invention was assessed on the basis of the results of an analysis of the alloy for determining the hydrogen and aluminum oxide content and of the slag composition. For comparison, the effectiveness of the known methods was assessed using the same indicators.
- the hydrogen and aluminum oxide content of the alloy was determined according to the methodology described in the book by MB Altmann, AA Lebedev, MV Chukhrov, "Melting and Casting of Light Metal Alloys", published in 1969, Verlag “Metallurgiya”, Moscow, pages 663 to 674 .
- the analysis of the slag compositions was carried out according to known analysis methods.
- Table 2 below gives indicators of the effectiveness of the method according to the invention and of the known methods, which were determined using the above-mentioned methodologies.
- a comparative analysis of the information given in Table 2 shows that the use of the method according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the hydrogen content of the finished alloy on average by 22%, the aluminum oxide content in the form of disperse inclusions - on average by 50%, and the aluminum oxide content Form of larger inclusions and cast skins - to reduce on average by 70%.
- the total slag content of aluminum and silicon is reduced by an average of 25%.
- the present invention can be applied in the field of metallurgy of non-ferrous metals and alloys for producing an aluminum-silicon alloy with a silicon content of 2 to 22 mass%.
- This alloy can be used to produce castings for the needs of the automotive industry, de motor vehicle and tractor construction and in the production of mass-produced products.
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Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Gebiet der Nichteisenmetallurgie und der Herstellung von Legierungen und betrifft insbesondere Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung mit einem Siliziumgehalt von 2 bis 22 Masse%.The invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy and the production of alloys and relates in particular to methods for producing an aluminum-silicon alloy with a silicon content of 2 to 22 mass%.
Bekannt ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung mit einem Siliziumgehalt von 2 bis 22 Masse%, welches darin besteht, daß man kristallines Silizium auf die Herdfläche eines Flammofens aufgibt, wobei das aufgegebene kristalline Silizium die Form eines Kegels hat, das schmelzflüssige Aluminium in die Wanne des genannten Flammofens bei einer Temperatur von 780 bis 820°C eingießt und die dabei entstehende Aluminium-Silizium-Schmelze periodisch von Hand durchmischt; (siehe I. A. Troitsky, W. A. Zheleznov "Aluminiummetallurgie", herausgegeben 1977, Verlag "Metallurgiya", Moskau, S.367; G. B. Stroganov, W. A. Rotenberg, G. B. Gershmann "Aluminium-Silizium-Legierungen", herausgegeben 1977, Verlag "Metallurgiya", Moskau, S. 208 bis 211, insbesondere S.210).A method is known for producing an aluminum-silicon alloy with a silicon content of 2 to 22% by mass, which consists in placing crystalline silicon on the hearth surface of a flame furnace, the applied crystalline silicon having the shape of a cone which is molten Pour aluminum into the trough of said flame furnace at a temperature of 780 to 820 ° C and periodically mix the resulting aluminum-silicon melt by hand; (see IA Troitsky, WA Zheleznov "Aluminum Metallurgy", published 1977, publisher "Metallurgiya", Moscow, p.367; GB Stroganov, WA Rotenberg, GB Gershmann "Aluminum-Silicon Alloys", published 1977, publisher "Metallurgiya", Moscow , Pp. 208 to 211, especially p.210).
Außerdem ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung mit einem Siliziumgehalt von 2 bis 22 Masse% bekannt, das ähnlich wie oben beschrieben durchgeführt wird, wobei aber die Durchmischung der entstehenden Aluminium-Silizium-Schmelze durch einen geformten Strahl derselben Schmelze verwirklicht wird, der über den geometrischen Mittelpunkt der Ofenwanne in den Oberteil des Kegels des aufgegebenen kristallinen Siliziums geleitet wird (SU-Urheberschein Nr. 629429, IPK2 F 27 B 17/00. Patentblatt "Entdeckungen Erfindungen, Gebrauchsmuster, Warenzeichen", H.39, bekanntgemacht am 25.10.78.In addition, a method for producing an aluminum-silicon alloy with a silicon content of 2 to 22% by mass is known, which is carried out similarly as described above, but the mixing of the resulting aluminum-silicon melt is achieved by a shaped jet of the same melt , which is guided over the geometric center of the furnace trough into the upper part of the cone of the abandoned crystalline silicon (SU copyright certificate No. 629429, IPK 2 F 27 B 17/00. Patent sheet "Discoveries inventions, utility models, trademarks", H.39, Posted on 10/25/78.
Ein Nachteil der bekannten Verfahren besteht darin, daß der Prozeß zur Herstellung der Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung bei höheren Temperaturen (780 bis 820°C) durchgeführt werden soll, was zu einer Erhöhung des Wasserstoff- und Aluminiumoxidgehaltes de Fertiglegierung führt. Dadurch werden wiederum die Qualität der herzustellenden Legierung vermindert und unwiederbringliche Verluste an Aufgabegut vergrößert.A disadvantage of the known methods is that the process for producing the aluminum-silicon alloy is to be carried out at higher temperatures (780 to 820 ° C.), which leads to an increase in the hydrogen and aluminum oxide content of the finished alloy. This in turn reduces the quality of the alloy to be produced and increases irretrievable losses in feed material.
Die Verwendung der genannten Arbeitsgänge zum Durchmischen der Aluminium-Silizium-Schmelze bei der Durchführung der bekannten Verfahren führt zu einem Aufschwimmen des stückigen kristallinen Siliziums an die Oberfläche der Schmelze, kund als Folge wird es oxydiert und geht mit der Schlacke verloren.The use of the above-mentioned operations to mix the aluminum-silicon melt when carrying out the known processes leads to the floating of the lumpy crystalline silicon on the surface of the melt, and as a result it is oxidized and is lost with the slag.
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung mit einem Siliziumgehalt von 2 bis 22 Masse% die Verhältnisse der Durchmischung der Schmelze und die Temperaturverhältnisse in der Ofenwanne derart zu ändern, das es dadurch möglich wird, eine Legierung mit einem niedrigeren Wasserstoff- und Aluminiumoxidegehalt zu erhalten und damit die Legierungsqualität zu verbessern, die unwiederbringlichen Verluste an Aufgabegut bedeutend zu vermindern sowie ein Aufschwimmen des stückigen kristallinen Siliziums an die Oberfläche der Schmelze und folglich dessen Oxydierung und Verschlackung zu verhindern.It is the object of the present invention to change the mixing conditions of the melt and the temperature conditions in the furnace pan in a method for producing an aluminum-silicon alloy with a silicon content of 2 to 22% by mass in such a way that to obtain an alloy with a lower hydrogen and aluminum oxide content and thus to improve the alloy quality, to significantly reduce the irretrievable losses of feed material and to prevent the lumpy crystalline silicon from floating onto the surface of the melt and consequently preventing its oxidation and slagging.
Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung mit einem Siliziumgehalt von 2 bis 22 Masse% vorgeschlagen wird, das die Aufgabe des kristallinen Siliziums auf die Herdfläche eines Flammofens vorsieht, wobei das aufgegebene kristalline Silizium die Form eines Kegels hat, das Eingießen des schmelzflüssigen Aluminiums in die Wanne des genannten Flammofens bei einer Temperatur von 780 bis 820°C und die Durchmischung der entstehenden Aluminium-Silizium-Schmelze mittels eines geformten Strahls derselben Schmelze einschließt, bei dem erfindungsgemäß der Schmelzestrahl auf die Grundfläche des Kegels des aufgegebenen kristallinen Siliziums geleitet wird, wobei die Geschwindigkeit des Schmelzestrahls in der Achsrichtung desselben in einem Bereich von 0,5 bis 0,8 m/s gehalten wird, gleichzeitig mit dem Beginn der Durchmischung die Temperatur der Schmelze in der Ofenwanne auf 670 bis 750° vermindert und die Durchmischung der Schmelze bei der genannten Temperatur durchgeführt wird.This object is achieved in that a method for producing an aluminum-silicon alloy with a silicon content of 2 to 22 mass% is proposed, which provides for the task of crystalline silicon on the hearth surface of a flame furnace, the given crystalline silicon being in the form of a Kegels has, the pouring of the molten aluminum into the trough of said flame furnace at a temperature of 780 to 820 ° C and the mixing of the resulting aluminum-silicon melt by means of a shaped jet of the same melt, in which, according to the invention, the melt jet onto the base of the Cone of the charged crystalline silicon is passed, the speed of the melt jet in the axial direction of the same being kept in a range from 0.5 to 0.8 m / s, simultaneously with the start of mixing, the temperature of the melt in the furnace trough to 670 to 750 ° reduced and the mixing of the Schme lze is carried out at the temperature mentioned.
Durch das Leiten des Schmelzstrahls auf die Grundfläche des Kegels aus dem aufgegebenen kristallinen Silizium mit der genannten Geschwindigkeit (von 0,5 bis 0,8 m/s in der Achsrichtung des Schmelzestrahls) werden Bedingungen für eine allmähliche Auflösung des Siliziums, angefangen von der Kegelgrundfläche geschaffen. Das trägt dazu bei, daß der Kegel allmählich sinkt und folglich ein Aufschwimmen des stückigen kristallinen Siliziums an die Oberfläche der Schmelze, dessen Oxidierung un Verschlackung verhindert werden.By guiding the melt jet onto the base of the cone made of the applied crystalline silicon at the stated speed (from 0.5 to 0.8 m / s in the axial direction of the melt jet), conditions for a gradual dissolution of the silicon, starting from the base of the cone, are created created. This contributes to the gradual sinking of the cone and, consequently, the floating of the lumpy crystalline silicon on the surface of the melt, the oxidation and slagging of which are prevented.
Durch Schaffung der genannten Durchmischungsverhältnisse wird die Temperatur der Prozeßführung (Temperatur in der Ofenwanne) auf 670 bis 750°C vermindert, weil dabei verbesserte Bedingungen für den Wärme- und Stoffaustausch im Schmelzevolumen gesichert werden, was es gestattet, den Wasserstoff-und Aluminiumoxidgehalt der Schmelze herabzusetzen und damit die Legierungsqualität zu verbessern sowie die unwiederbringlichen Verluste an Aufgabegut bedeutend zu reduzieren. Außerdem wird bei der Prozeßführung unter den niedrigeren Temperaturverhältnissen der Energieaufwand bedeutend gesenkt.By creating the above-mentioned mixing ratios, the temperature of the process control (temperature in the furnace trough) is reduced to 670 to 750 ° C., because this ensures better conditions for heat and mass transfer in the melt volume, which allows the hydrogen and aluminum oxide content of the melt reduce and thus improve the alloy quality and significantly reduce the irretrievable losses of feed material. In addition, energy consumption is significantly reduced when the process is carried out under the lower temperature conditions.
Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird das schmelzflüssige Aluminium in die Wanne des Flammofens bei einer Temperatur von 780 bis 820°C eingegossen. Die genannte Eingießtemperatur ist durch die Besonderheiten des Betriebes eines Flammofens und die Bedingungen der Prozeßführung bei der Herstellung der Legierung im Ofen bedingt.According to the present invention, the molten aluminum is in the tub of the Flame furnace cast in at a temperature of 780 to 820 ° C. The casting temperature mentioned is due to the special features of the operation of a flame furnace and the conditions of the process control in the production of the alloy in the furnace.
Wie bereits oben erwähnt, wird bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren der Schmelzestrahl auf die Grundfläche des Kegels des aufgegebenen kristallinen Siliziums mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 0,5 bis 0,8 m/s in der Achsrichtung des Strahls geleitet. Die Zuführung des Schmelzestrahls in der Achsrichtung desselben mit einer Geschwindigkeit unter 0,5 m/s ist unzweckmäßig, weil dabei die Bewegung der Schmelze in der Wanne in den Bereich einer ruhigen Laminarströmung übergeht, wodurch die Wirksamkeit der Durchmischung vermindert wird (d.h. die Wirksamkeit des Wärmeund Stoffaustausches im Schmelzvolumen der Ofenwanne wird vermindert). Die Zuführung des Schmelzestrahls in der Achsrichtung desselben mit einer Geschwindigkeit über 0,8 m/s ist ökonomisch nicht vertretbar, weil dabei keine weitere Erhöhung der Kennziffern der Wirksamkeit der Prozeßführung erzielt werden kann.As already mentioned above, in the method according to the invention, the melt jet is directed onto the base of the cone of the applied crystalline silicon at a speed of 0.5 to 0.8 m / s in the axial direction of the jet. The supply of the melt jet in the axial direction of the same at a speed of less than 0.5 m / s is unsuitable because the movement of the melt in the tub changes into the area of a calm laminar flow, which reduces the effectiveness of the mixing (ie the effectiveness of the Heat and material exchange in the melting volume of the furnace pan is reduced). The supply of the melt jet in the axial direction of the same at a speed above 0.8 m / s is not economically justifiable because no further increase in the indicators of the effectiveness of the process control can be achieved.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird gleichzeitig mit dem Beginn der Durchmischung der Schmelze die die Temperatur der Schmelze in der Ofenwanne auf 670 bis 750°C abgesenkt und die Durchmischung der Schmelze bei der genannten Temperatur durchgeführt. Es ist nicht empfehlenswert, den Prozeß bei Temperaturen von unter 670°C zu führen, weil dabei die Zähflüssigkeit der Schmelze zunimmt, was zu einer Senkung der Durchmischungswirksamkeit und folglich zu einer Verlängerung der Auflösungszeit des Siliziums führt. Die Prozeßführung bei Temperaturen über 750°C ruft eine unerwünschte Erhöung der Schmelzlöslichkeit des Wasserstoffes und dine Vergrößerung der Verluste an Aluminium durch dessen Oxydierung hervor.In the process according to the invention, the temperature of the melt in the furnace trough is reduced to 670 to 750 ° C. at the same time as the mixing of the melt begins and the mixing of the melt is carried out at the temperature mentioned. It is not recommended to run the process at temperatures below 670 ° C because this increases the viscosity of the melt, which leads to a reduction in the mixing efficiency and consequently to an increase in the dissolution time of the silicon. The process control at temperatures above 750 ° C causes an undesirable increase in the melt solubility of the hydrogen and an increase in the loss of aluminum due to its oxidation.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung mit einem Siliziumgehalt von 2 bis 22 Masse% wird wie folgt durchgeführt.The method according to the invention for producing an aluminum-silicon alloy with a silicon content of 2 to 22 mass% is carried out as follows.
Auf die Herdfläche eines Flammofens wird durch eine Beschickungsöffnung in der Ofendecke die erforderliche Menge an kristallinem Silizium aufgegeben, wobei das aufgegebene kristalline Silizium die Form eines Kegels hat. Dann wird in die Ofenwanne die erforderliche Menge an schmelzflüssigem Aluminium bei einer Temperatur von 780 bis 820°C eingegossen. Anschließend wird die entstehende Aluminium-Silizium-Schmelze durch einen geformten Strahl derselben Schmelze durchgemischt. Der Schmelzestrahl kann beispielsweise mit Hilfe von Zentrifugalpumpen der Firma "Carborundum" (USA), gasdynamischen Pumpen, Elektromagnetmischern (A. D. Andreev, V. V. Gogin, G. S. Makarov "Hochleistungserschmelzung von Aluminiumlegierungen", herausgegeben im Jahr 1980, Verlag "Metallurgiya", Moskau, Seiten 89 bis 95 geformt werden. Der geformte Schmelzestrahl wird auf die Grundfläche des Kegels des aufgegebenen kristallinen Siliziums geleitet, wobei die Geschwindigkeit des Schmelzestrahls in der Achsrichtung desselben in einem Bereich von 0,5 bis 0,8 m/s liegt. Gleichzeitig mit dem Beginn der Durchmischung wird die Temperatur in der Ofenwanne auf 670 bis 750°C vermindert, un die Durchmischung der Schmelze wird bei dieser Temperatur durch geführt. Die Senkung der Temperatur auf die genannten Werte kann man erzielen, indem man die Wärmequelle abschaltet oder eine Zwangsläufige Abführung der Wärme zu deren weiteren Wiederverwendung für andere technologische Prozesse vornimmt.The required amount of crystalline silicon is placed on the hearth surface of a flame furnace through a loading opening in the furnace ceiling, the added crystalline silicon having the shape of a cone. The required amount of molten aluminum is then poured into the furnace pan at a temperature of 780 to 820 ° C. The resulting aluminum-silicon melt is then mixed through a shaped jet of the same melt. The melt jet can, for example, with the help of centrifugal pumps from the company "Carborundum" (USA), gas dynamic pumps, electromagnetic mixers (AD Andreev, VV Gogin, GS Makarov "High-performance melting of aluminum alloys", published in 1980, publisher "Metallurgiya", Moscow, pages 89 to 95. The molded melt jet is guided onto the base of the cone of the charged crystalline silicon, the velocity of the melt jet in the axial direction thereof being in a range of 0.5 to 0.8 m / s Mixing reduces the temperature in the furnace trough to 670 to 750 ° C. The mixture is mixed at this temperature, and the temperature can be reduced to the stated values by switching off the heat source or by inevitably removing the heat to reuse them for other technological processes.
Die Reife der Schmelze wird durch eine Schnellanalyse zur Bestimmung des Gehaltes der Legierung an Hauptkomponenten und Beimengungen ermittelt, wonach die fertige Legierung in Kokillen vergossen wird.The maturity of the melt is determined by a quick analysis to determine the content of the main components and additives in the alloy, after which the finished alloy is poured into molds.
Zu einem besseren Verständnis der vorliegenden Erfindung werden nachstehend folgende konkrete Durchführungsbeispiele der Erfindung angeführt.For a better understanding of the present invention, the following concrete examples of implementation of the invention are given below.
Auf die Herdfläche eines Flammofens mit einem Ofeninhalt von 25000 kg schmelzflüssiges Metall werden durch eine Beschickungsöffnung in der Ofendecke 2950 kg kristallines Silizium aufgegeben, das auf der Herdfläche eine konische Form annimmt. Dann werden in die Ofenwanne 22050 g schmelzflüssiges Aluminium bei einer Temperatur von 820°C eingegossen. Der berechnete Siliziumgehalt der Legiegung beträgt 11,7 Masse%. Dann wird die entstandene Aluminium-Silizium-Schmelze durch einen geformten Strahl derselben Schmelze durchgemischt. Man formt den Strahl mit Hilfe eines Elektromagnetmischers und leitet den Strahl auf die Grundfläche des Kegels des aufgegebenen kristallinen Siliziums mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 0,8 m/s in der Achsrichtung desselben. Gleichzeitig mit dem Beginn der Durchmischung wird die Schmelztemperatur in der Ofenwanne auf 700°C durch das Abschalten der Wärmequelle vermindert, und die Durchmischung der Schmelze wird bei dieser Temperatur durchgeführt.2950 kg of crystalline silicon are placed on the stove surface of a flame furnace with a furnace content of 25000 kg of molten metal through a loading opening in the furnace roof, which takes on a conical shape on the stove surface. Then 22050 g of molten aluminum are poured into the furnace pan at a temperature of 820 ° C. The calculated silicon content of the laying is 11.7% by mass. Then the resulting aluminum-silicon melt is mixed by a shaped jet of the same melt. The beam is shaped using an electromagnetic mixer and the beam is directed onto the base of the cone of the applied crystalline silicon at a speed of 0.8 m / s in the axial direction thereof. Simultaneously with the beginning of the mixing, the melting temperature in the furnace trough is reduced to 700 ° C. by switching off the heat source, and the mixing of the melt is carried out at this temperature.
Die Reife der Legierung wird durch eine Schnellanalyse zur Bestimmung des Gehaltes der Legierung an Hauptkomponenten und Beimengungen ermittelt, wonach die fertige Legierung mit einem Siliziumgehalt von 11,4 Masse% in eine Gießkokille vergossen wird.The ripeness of the alloy is determined by a rapid analysis to determine the content of the main components and additives in the alloy, after which the finished alloy with a silicon content of 11.4% by mass is poured into a casting mold.
Die folgenden Durchführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in dem oben erwähnten Flammofen werden in der Tabelle 1 zusammengefaßt.
Die Wirksamkeit des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wurde nach den Ergebnissen einer Analyse der Legierung zur Bestimmung des Wasserstoff- und Aluminiumoxidgehaltes sowie der Schlackezusammensetzung bewertet. Zum Vergleich wurde nach denselben Kennziffern die Wirksamkeit der bekannten Verfahren bewertet.The effectiveness of the method according to the invention was assessed on the basis of the results of an analysis of the alloy for determining the hydrogen and aluminum oxide content and of the slag composition. For comparison, the effectiveness of the known methods was assessed using the same indicators.
Der Wasserstoff- und Aluminiumoxidgehalt der Legierung wurde nach der Methodik bestimmt, die im Buch von M. B. Altmann, A. A. Lebedev, M. V. Chukhrov, "Schmelzen und Gießen von Leichtmetallegierungen", herausgegeben 1969, Verlag "Metallurgiya", Moskau, Seiten 663 bis 674 beschreiben ist. Die Analyse der Schlackezusammensetzungen wurde nach bekannten Analysenmethoden durchgeführt.The hydrogen and aluminum oxide content of the alloy was determined according to the methodology described in the book by MB Altmann, AA Lebedev, MV Chukhrov, "Melting and Casting of Light Metal Alloys", published in 1969, Verlag "Metallurgiya", Moscow, pages 663 to 674 . The analysis of the slag compositions was carried out according to known analysis methods.
Nachstehend sind in der Tabelle 2 Kennziffern der Wirksamkeit des erfindungsgemäßen und der bekannten Verfahren angeführt, die nach den obengenannten Methodiken ermittelt worden sind.
Eine Vergleichsanalyse der in der Tabelle 2 angeführten Angaben zeigt, daß die Verwendung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens es gestattet, den Wasserstoffgehalt der fertigen Legierung im Durchschnitt um 22%, den Aluminiumoxidgehalt in Form von dispersen Einschlüssen - im Durchschnitt um 50%, den Gehalt an Aluminiumoxid in Form von größeren Einschlüssen und Gußhäuten - im Durchschnitt um 70% zu vermindern. Außerdem wird der Gesamtgehalt der Schlacken an Aluminium und Silizium im Durchschnitt um 25% reduziert.A comparative analysis of the information given in Table 2 shows that the use of the method according to the invention makes it possible to reduce the hydrogen content of the finished alloy on average by 22%, the aluminum oxide content in the form of disperse inclusions - on average by 50%, and the aluminum oxide content Form of larger inclusions and cast skins - to reduce on average by 70%. In addition, the total slag content of aluminum and silicon is reduced by an average of 25%.
Die vorliegende Erfindung kann auf dem Gebiet der Metallurgie von Nichteisenmetallen und Legierungen zur Herstellung einer Aluminium-Silizium-Legierung mit einem Siliziumgehalt von 2 bis 22 Masse% angewendet werden. Diese Legierung kann zur Erzeugung von Formguß für die Belange der Automobilindustrie, de Kraftwagen- und Traktorenbaus sowie in der Produktion von Massenbedarfserzeugnissen eingesetzt werden.The present invention can be applied in the field of metallurgy of non-ferrous metals and alloys for producing an aluminum-silicon alloy with a silicon content of 2 to 22 mass%. This alloy can be used to produce castings for the needs of the automotive industry, de motor vehicle and tractor construction and in the production of mass-produced products.
Claims (1)
- Method for the manufacture of an aluminium-silicon alloy with a silicon content of 2-22 wt.%, in which crystalline silicon is applied in the form of a cone to the hearth surface of an open-hearth furnace and molten aluminium is poured into the tank of the open-hearth furnace at a temperature of 780―820°C and the resulting aluminium-silicon melt is intimately mixed by means of a shaped stream of the melt, characterised in that the melt stream is directed at a speed in the axial direction thereof within the range of 0.5-0.8 m/s onto the bottom surface of the cone of crystalline silicon, the temperature of the melt in the furnace tank is reduced to 670―750°C simultaneously with the commencement of intimate mixing, and intimate mixing of the melt is carried out within the said temperature range.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/SU1986/000095 WO1988002410A1 (en) | 1986-09-29 | 1986-09-29 | Method of obtaining aluminosilicon alloy containing 2-22 per cent by weight of silicon |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0283518A1 EP0283518A1 (en) | 1988-09-28 |
| EP0283518A4 EP0283518A4 (en) | 1989-01-19 |
| EP0283518B1 true EP0283518B1 (en) | 1990-05-23 |
Family
ID=21617038
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP86907018A Expired - Lifetime EP0283518B1 (en) | 1986-09-29 | 1986-09-29 | Method of obtaining aluminosilicon alloy containing 2-22 per cent by weight of silicon |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4808375A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0283518B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH01501320A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU597926B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3671473D1 (en) |
| IN (1) | IN169435B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO882212D0 (en) |
| RO (1) | RO101828B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1988002410A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0611891B2 (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1994-02-16 | 日本金属化学株式会社 | Method of adding silicon to aluminum |
| US5366691A (en) * | 1990-10-31 | 1994-11-22 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Hyper-eutectic aluminum-silicon alloy powder and method of preparing the same |
| CN107214309A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-09-29 | 东北大学秦皇岛分校 | It is a kind of to improve the method for silumin structure property |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2727193A1 (en) * | 1976-06-17 | 1977-12-22 | Alcan Res & Dev | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STIRRING MOLTEN METAL |
| SU629429A1 (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1978-10-25 | Специальное конструкторское бюро магнитной гидродинамики института физики АН Латвийской ССР | Mixer |
| DE2837510A1 (en) * | 1977-08-30 | 1979-03-15 | Dolschenkov | Pulsed-gas stirring of molten metal esp. aluminium - by allowing withdrawn portion of bath to commence return under gravity before pulse is applied |
| US4235626A (en) * | 1978-12-19 | 1980-11-25 | Dolzhenkov Boris S | Method and apparatus for stirring molten metal |
| SU1180396A1 (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-09-23 | Предприятие П/Я А-7504 | Method of producing aluminium-silicon alloys |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB404463A (en) * | 1932-06-02 | 1934-01-18 | Aluminium Ltd | Improvements in or relating to aluminium silicon alloys and methods of manufacturingthe same |
| US4046558A (en) * | 1976-11-22 | 1977-09-06 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method for the production of aluminum-silicon alloys |
| US4053303A (en) * | 1976-12-06 | 1977-10-11 | Aluminum Company Of America | Method of carbothermically producing aluminum-silicon alloys |
| DE2735544A1 (en) * | 1977-08-06 | 1979-02-15 | Hansa Metallwerke Ag | Control disc for shower mixing valve - has apertured mixing slide turning with control disc and sliding radially |
| SE450583B (en) * | 1982-10-22 | 1987-07-06 | Skf Steel Eng Ab | SET TO MAKE ALUMINUM-silicon alloys |
-
1986
- 1986-09-29 WO PCT/SU1986/000095 patent/WO1988002410A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1986-09-29 JP JP62500025A patent/JPH01501320A/en active Pending
- 1986-09-29 DE DE8686907018T patent/DE3671473D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-09-29 EP EP86907018A patent/EP0283518B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-09-29 AU AU67263/87A patent/AU597926B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1987
- 1987-02-27 IN IN151/CAL/87A patent/IN169435B/en unknown
- 1987-03-04 US US07/025,166 patent/US4808375A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1988
- 1988-05-06 RO RO1988133414A patent/RO101828B1/en unknown
- 1988-05-20 NO NO1988882212A patent/NO882212D0/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2727193A1 (en) * | 1976-06-17 | 1977-12-22 | Alcan Res & Dev | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR STIRRING MOLTEN METAL |
| SU629429A1 (en) * | 1977-05-16 | 1978-10-25 | Специальное конструкторское бюро магнитной гидродинамики института физики АН Латвийской ССР | Mixer |
| DE2837510A1 (en) * | 1977-08-30 | 1979-03-15 | Dolschenkov | Pulsed-gas stirring of molten metal esp. aluminium - by allowing withdrawn portion of bath to commence return under gravity before pulse is applied |
| US4235626A (en) * | 1978-12-19 | 1980-11-25 | Dolzhenkov Boris S | Method and apparatus for stirring molten metal |
| SU1180396A1 (en) * | 1984-04-02 | 1985-09-23 | Предприятие П/Я А-7504 | Method of producing aluminium-silicon alloys |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU597926B2 (en) | 1990-06-14 |
| US4808375A (en) | 1989-02-28 |
| RO101828B1 (en) | 1992-07-15 |
| IN169435B (en) | 1991-10-19 |
| NO882212L (en) | 1988-05-20 |
| NO882212D0 (en) | 1988-05-20 |
| WO1988002410A1 (en) | 1988-04-07 |
| EP0283518A4 (en) | 1989-01-19 |
| JPH01501320A (en) | 1989-05-11 |
| DE3671473D1 (en) | 1990-06-28 |
| AU6726387A (en) | 1988-04-21 |
| EP0283518A1 (en) | 1988-09-28 |
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