EP0277494B1 - Sphärisches Faseraggregat, insbesondere als Füll- oder Polstermaterial - Google Patents
Sphärisches Faseraggregat, insbesondere als Füll- oder Polstermaterial Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0277494B1 EP0277494B1 EP88100328A EP88100328A EP0277494B1 EP 0277494 B1 EP0277494 B1 EP 0277494B1 EP 88100328 A EP88100328 A EP 88100328A EP 88100328 A EP88100328 A EP 88100328A EP 0277494 B1 EP0277494 B1 EP 0277494B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fibres
- binding
- fibre
- spherical
- aggregate according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001669679 Eleotris Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
- D04H1/76—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres otherwise than in a plane, e.g. in a tubular way
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
- D04H1/5412—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres sheath-core
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
- D04H1/5414—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres side-by-side
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
- D04H1/5418—Mixed fibres, e.g. at least two chemically different fibres or fibre blends
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
- D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
- D04H1/645—Impregnation followed by a solidification process
- D04H1/65—Impregnation followed by a solidification process using mixed or composite fibres
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249922—Embodying intertwined or helical component[s]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber
- Y10T428/2905—Plural and with bonded intersections only
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2904—Staple length fiber
- Y10T428/2909—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2922—Nonlinear [e.g., crimped, coiled, etc.]
- Y10T428/2924—Composite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2973—Particular cross section
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2973—Particular cross section
- Y10T428/2978—Surface characteristic
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a spherical fiber aggregate, in particular as a filling or cushioning material made of fibers and / or threads, which are spherically entangled and essentially form a fiber ball.
- fiber balls which can be used as filling or cushioning material. These fiber balls consist of spirally crimped polyester fibers with a length of about 10 to 60 mm and a diameter of between 1 and 15 mm. The fiber balls have an elasticity, through which the balls recover significantly after a compression - even over a long time (recovery rate of 80%). The fiber balls have a cohesion of less than 6 Newtons, preferably less than 4.5 Newtons (according to a measuring method described there).
- the fiber balls move very easily within a filling, especially if this filling is used for a pillow. If the sleeper lies with his head in the middle of a pillow filled with such fiber balls, this pillow pushes through very easily in the support area. To prevent this, the fiber balls must have a very high density, which is why the pillows themselves are very heavy. As a result, the pillow loses its "softness", which some people find uncomfortable.
- Spherical fiber aggregates are known from EP-A-0 013 427, in which fibers are entangled into fiber balls. These fiber balls have a diameter of at least 3 mm. The balls can also have a diameter of up to 50 mm. The fibers used there have a length of at least 15 mm, preferably between 40 and 120 mm. The fiber balls have a density between 0.01 and 0.1 g / cm3.
- the fibers of these fiber balls can be natural fibers, for example cotton or wool fibers, animal hair or the like. or synthetic fibers, for example polyamide, polyester, polypropylene fibers or the like. or a mixture of these. In particular, these fiber balls can be crimped fibers, for example crimped synthetic fibers.
- Such fiber balls have hitherto been used essentially for textile fabrics, in particular for carpet manufacture, for clothing fabrics, bed covers, decorative fabrics or textile coverings.
- These fiber balls as described in EP-A-0 013 427, are suitable as filler material if they contain binders which ensure that the individual balls do not dissolve and break down into their individual fibers.
- a fiber aggregate can be used which can be used as a filling or cushioning material and which consists of a mixed thread yarn. These yarns are wound cocoon-like and form a fiber ball.
- the fibers lie essentially in the spherical shell of the aggregate, with at least 80% of the fibers being in the region of the spherical cross section, which is between 0.7 * R and 1.0 * R from the center of the cross section. R is the radius of the spherical aggregate.
- the interior of the fiber aggregate has very few fibers. Due to the special manufacturing process, essentially all fibers are arranged tangentially.
- At least two different fibers are processed into mixed thread yarns, so that the two different fibers are essentially parallel to one another.
- the individual fibers of the mixed yarns wound onto one another are connected to one another at points of contact, two fibers with different melting points being used.
- the unit is heated to a temperature that is above the melting temperature of one fiber, but below the melting temperature of the other fiber.
- the fiber aggregates obtained in this way are said to be suitable in accordance with US Pat Manufacturing process can not interlock. As a result, the fiber aggregates move against one another when pressure is exerted on an object filled with these fiber aggregates, such as a blanket or a cushion, and evade the pressure.
- these fiber aggregates can be easily compressed and do not offer sufficient resistance to higher pressures.
- a head resting on a pillow filled with these fiber aggregates thus presses the fiber aggregates both together and to the side very quickly without great resistance and then lies just like the fiber aggregates of EP-A-0 203 469 described at the outset.
- the invention has for its object to provide generic fiber aggregates that have better properties especially for use as a filler.
- the fiber aggregate according to the invention does not have fiber yarns (cf. US-A-4 065 599 or DE-A-2 301 913) made of fibers with different melting points, but rather a mixture of main fibers and meltable binding fibers, the binding fibers have a different one from the main fibers Elasticity is present, the binding fibers are distributed with the main fibers and the binding fibers are connected to the main fibers at crossing points.
- the binding fibers can connect the main fibers. This distribution of the binding fibers within the fiber ball is achieved by the elasticity of the binding fibers which differs from the main fibers.
- the different elasticity of the fibers ensures that the different fiber types in particular intersect. Connections between the two fiber types can then be made at the crossing points.
- the binding fibers have a lower modulus than the main fibers.
- the binding fibers are preferably coarser and / or stiffer than the main fibers.
- the binding fibers are preferably two-component fibers, one component having in particular a strong, load-bearing module compared to the other component. It is then sufficient that the one component can have a binding effect.
- the binding fibers can be formed as core sheath fibers, the high modulus component preferably being arranged on the inside and the binding component on the outside.
- the binding fibers can also be side-by-side fibers, the binding component having a semicircular to quarter-moon-shaped cross section.
- the binding fibers consist of the two components, polyethylene and polypropylene, both of which occupy approximately a semicircular cross section in the binding fibers. Then the binding fibers can have approximately the same length and thickness as the main fibers.
- Such a fiber ball surprisingly has a very high elasticity, which is much greater than in the known fiber balls. There then appears to be a three-dimensional bound network of all fibers in a fiber ball.
- the binding fibers are substantially longer than the main fibers and in particular have a length of 60 to 90 mm. Then the binding fibers are also entangled within the fiber ball.
- the binding fibers are considerably shorter than the main fibers and in particular have a length that corresponds approximately to the diameter of the fiber ball. Then the binding fibers are preferably arranged approximately diametrically within the fiber ball. The binding fibers can spur out of the fiber ball.
- the invention now makes it possible to provide fiber balls which can be made looser and larger without losing their elasticity. As a result, a very good support effect, there for the head, is achieved in a filling, in particular a pillow filling.
- the fiber balls can be produced by the process described in EP-A-0.203.469 or in EP-A-0.013.427 will. After the spheres have been formed, the individual spheres are fed to a heat source, through which the binding fibers are melted and a fiber-to-fiber connection is made at the crossing points, in particular with the main fibers.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
- Die Erfindung betrifft ein sphärisches Faseraggregat, insbesondere als Füll- oder Polstermaterial aus Fasern und / oder Fäden, die sphärisch verwickelt sind und im wesentlichen eine Faserkugel bilden.
- Aus der EP-A-0 203 469 sind Faserkugeln bekannt, die als Füll- oder Polstermaterial verwendet werden können. Diese Faserkugeln bestehen aus spiralgekräuselten miteinander verwickelten Polyesterfasern mit einer Länge von etwa 10 bis 60 mm und weisen einen Durchmesser zwischen 1 und 15 mm auf. Die Faserkugeln besitzen eine Elastizität, durch die sich die Kugeln nach einem Zusammendrücken - auch über längere Zeit hinweg - wieder wesentlich (Erholungsgrad von 80 %) erholen. Die Faserkugeln besitzen untereinander eine Kohäsion von weniger als 6 Newton, vorzugsweise von weniger als 4,5 Newton (gemäß einem dort beschriebenen Meßverfahren).
- Durch diese geringen Kohäsionskräfte verschieben sich die Faserkugeln innerhalb einer Füllung sehr leicht, insbesondere, wenn diese Füllung für ein Kopfkissen benutzt wird. Liegt der Schläfer mit dem Kopf mittig auf einem mit einem mit solchen Faserkugeln gefüllten Kissen, drückt sich dieses Kissen im Auflagebereich sehr leicht durch. Um dies zu verhindern, müssen die Faserkugeln eine sehr hohe Dichte aufweisen, weshalb die Kissen selbst sehr schwer werden. Dadurch verliert das Kissen wiederum seine "Weichheit", was manche Menschen als unangenehm empfinden.
- Aus der EP-A-0 013 427 sind sphärische Faseraggregate bekannt, in denen Fasern zu Faserkugeln verwickelt sind. Diese Faserkugeln weisen einen Durchmesser von mindestens 3 mm auf. Die Kugeln können auch einen Durchmesser bis zu 50 mm aufweisen. Die dort verwendeten Fasern haben eine Länge von mindestens 15 mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 40 und 120 mm. Die Faserkugeln weisen eine Dichte zwischen 0,01 und 0,1 g/cm³ auf. Die Fasern dieser Faserkugeln können natürliche Fasern, z.B. Baumwoll- oder Wollfasern, Tierhaare od.dgl. oder Synthesefasern, z.B. Polyamid-, Polyester-, Polypropylenfasern od.dgl. oder ein Gemisch aus diesen sein. Insbesondere können diese Faserkugeln gekräuselte Fasern, z.B. gekräuselte Synthesefasern sein. Solche Faserkugeln wurden bisher im wesentlichen für textile Flächengebilde, insbesondere für die Teppichherstellung, für Bekleidungsstoffe, Schlafdecken, Dekorationsstoffe oder textile Bezugsstoffe benutzt. Als Füllmaterial sind diese Faserkugeln, wie sie in der EP-A-0 013 427 beschrieben sind, dann geeignet, wenn sie Bindemittel enthalten, welche dafür sorgen, daß sich die einzelnen Kugeln nicht auflösen und in ihre Einzelfasern zerlegen.
- Aus der US-A-4 065 599 bzw. der entsprechenden DE-A-2 301 913 ist ein als Füll- oder Polstermaterial verwendbares Faseraggregat bekannt, welches aus einem Mischfadengarn besteht. Diese Garne sind kokonartig aufgewickelt und bilden eine Faserkugel. Bei diesem Faseraggregat liegen die Fasern im wesentlichen in der kugelförmigen Hülle des Aggregates, wobei mindestens 80 % der Fasern im Bereich des Kugelquerschnitts liegen, der zwischen 0,7 * R bis 1,0 * R vom Mittelpunkt des Querschnitts entfernt ist. R ist der Radius des kugelförmigen Aggregates. Das Innere des Faseraggregates weist nur sehr wenige Fasern auf. Durch das spezielle Herstellungsverfahren sind im wesentlichen alle Fasern tangential angeordnet.
- Vor dem Herstellen des Aggregates werden mindestens zwei verschiedene Fasern zu Mischfadengarnen verarbeitet, so daß die beiden unterschiedlichen Fasern im wesentlichen parallel zueinander liegen. Die einzelnen Fasern der aufeinander aufgewickelten Mischfadengarne sind an Berührungspunkten miteinander verbunden, wobei zwei Fasern mit unterschiedlichen Schmelzpunkten verwendet werden. Das Aggregat wird auf eine Temperatur erhitzt, die oberhalb der Schmelztemperatur der einen Faser, aber unterhalb der Schmelztemperatur der anderen Faser liegt.
- Die dadurch erhaltenen Faseraggregate sollen sich gemäß der US-A-4 065 599 bzw. DE-A-2 301 913 aufgrund des speziellen Herstellungsverfahrens nicht gegeneinander verhaken können. Dadurch verschieben sich die Faseraggregate bei Ausübung eines Druck auf einen mit diesen Faseraggregaten gefüllten Gegenstand, wie z.B. eine Decke oder ein Kissen, gegeneinander und weichen dem Druck aus.
- Durch die kokonartige Ausbildung des Faseraggregates lassen sich diese Faseraggregate leicht zusammendrücken und bieten größeren Drücken keinen ausreichenden Widerstand. Ein auf einem mit diesen Faseraggregaten gefüllten Kissen aufliegender Kopf drückt also sehr schnell ohne großen Widerstand die Faseraggregate sowohl zusammen, als auch zur Seite und liegt dann genauso wie bei den Faseraggregaten der eingangs beschriebenen EP-A-0 203 469 durch.
- Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, gattungsgemäße Faseraggregate zu schaffen, die insbesondere für einen Einsatz als Füllmaterial bessere Eigenschaften aufweisen.
- Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Erfindung gelöst. Das erfindungsgemäße Faseraggregat weist keine Fasergarne (vgl. US-A-4 065 599 bzw. DE-A-2 301 913) aus Fasern mit unterschiedlichen Schmelzpunkten, sondern ein Gemisch von Hauptfasern und anschmelzbaren Bindefasern auf, die Bindefasern weisen eine von den Hauptfasern abweichende Elastizität auf, die Bindefasern liegen mit den Hauptfasern verteilt vor und die Bindefasern sind mit den Hauptfasern an Kreuzungsstellen verbunden.
- Da die Bindefasern mit den Hauptfasern verteilt vorliegen, können die Bindefasern die Hauptfasern verbinden. Diese Verteilung der Bindefasern innerhalb der Faserkugel wird durch die von den Hauptfasern abweichende Elastizität der Bindefasern erreicht. Beim Herstellen (Verkugeln) der Faserkugeln wird durch die unterschiedliche Elastizität der Fasern dafür gesorgt, daß die unterschiedlichen Fasertypen sich insbesondere kreuzen. An den Kreuzungsstellen können dann Verbindungen zwischen den beiden Fasertypen hergestellt werden.
- Gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung weisen die Bindefasern einen geringeren Modul auf, als die Hauptfasern. Bevorzugt sind die Bindefasern gröber und / oder steifer, als die Hauptfasern.
- Bevorzugt sind die Bindefasern Zweikomponentenfasern, wobei die eine Komponente gegenüber der anderen Komponente insbesondere einen starken, tragenden Modul aufweist. Es reicht dann aus, daß die eine Komponente eine Bindewirkung ausüben kann.
- Die Bindefasern können als Kernmantelfasern ausgebildet sein, wobei vorzugsweise die Hochmodulkomponente innen und die Bindekomponente außen angeordnet ist. Die Bindefasern können aber auch Side-by-side-Fasern sein, wobei die Bindekomponente einen halbkreisförmigen bis viertelmondförmgen Querschnitt aufweist.
- Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform bestehen die Bindefasern aus den beiden Komponenten Polyäthylen und Polypropylen bestehen, die beide etwa einen halbkreisförmigen Querschnitt in den Bindefasern einnehmen. Dann können die Bindefasern ungefähr die gleiche Länge und Dicke aufweisen, wie die Hauptfasern. Eine solche Faserkugel hat überraschender Weise eine sehr große Elastizität, die wesentlich größer ist, als bei den bekannten Faserkugeln. Es scheint dann ein dreidimensionales gebundenes Netzwerk aller Fasern in einer Faserkugel vorzuliegen.
- Gemäß einer Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind die Bindefasern wesentlich länger, als die Hauptfasern und weisen insbesondere eine Länge von 60 bis 90 mm auf. Dann sind auch die Bindefasern innerhalb der Faserkugel verwickelt.
- Gemäß einer anderen Ausführungsform sind die Bindefasern wesentlich kürzer, als die Hauptfasern und weisen insbesondere eine Länge auf, die etwa dem Durchmesser der Faserkugel entspricht. Dann sind die Bindefasern innerhalb der Faserkugel vorzugsweise etwa diametral angeordnet sind. Dabei können die Bindefasern aus der Faserkugel herausstacheln.
- Durch die Erfindung können nun Faserkugeln zur Verfügung gestellt werden, die lockerer und größer ausgebildet werden können, ohne die Elastizität zu verlieren. Dadurch wird in einer Füllung, insbesondere Kissenfüllung, ein sehr guter Stützeffekt, dort für den Kopf, erreicht.
- Die Faserkugeln können nach dem in der EP-A-0.203.469 oder in der EP-A-0.013.427 beschriebenen Verfahren hergestellt werden. Nach dem Kugelbilden werden die einzelnen Kugeln einer Wärmequelle zugeführt, durch die die Bindefasern angeschmolzen werden und an den Kreuzungsstellen, insbesondere mit den Hauptfasern, eine Verbindung von Faser zu Faser hergestellt.
Claims (12)
- Sphärisches Faseraggregat, insbesondere als Füll- oder Polstermaterial aus einem Gemisch von Fasern und / oder Fäden, die sphärisch verwickelt sind und im wesentlichen eine Faserkugel bilden, wobei die Faserkugeln ein Gemisch von Hauptfasern und anschmelzbaren Bindefasern aufweisen, die Bindefasern eine von den Hauptfasern abweichende Elastizität aufweisen, die Bindefasern mit den Hauptfasern verteilt vorliegen, und die Bindefasern mit den Hauptfasern an Kreuzungsstellen verbunden sind.
- Sphärisches Faseraggregat nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bindefasern einen geringeren Modul aufweisen, als die Hauptfasern.
- Sphärisches Faseraggregat nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bindefasern gröber und / oder steifer ausgebildet sind, als die Hauptfasern.
- Sphärisches Faseraggregat nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bindefasern Zweikomponentenfasern sind, wobei die eine Komponente gegenüber der anderen Komponente insbesondere einen starken, tragenden Modul aufweist und vorzugsweise nur die eine Komponente eine Bindewirkung ausübt.
- Sphärisches Faseraggregat nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bindefasern als Kernmantelfasern ausgebildet sind, wobei vorzugsweise die Hochmodulkomponente innen und die Bindekomponente außen angeordnet ist.
- Sphärisches Faseraggregat nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bindefasern als Side-by-side-Fasern ausgebildet sind, wobei die Bindekomponente einen halbkreisförmigen bis viertelmondförmgen Querschnitt aufweist.
- Sphärisches Faseraggregat nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bindefasern aus den beiden Komponenten Polyäthylen und Polypropylen bestehen, die beide etwa einen halbkreisförmigen Querschnitt in den Bindefasern einnehmen.
- Sphärisches Faseraggregat nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bindefasern wesentlich länger sind, als die Hauptfasern und insbesondere eine Länge von 60 bis 90 mm aufweisen.
- Sphärisches Faseraggregat nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bindefasern wesentlich kürzer sind, als die Hauptfasern und insbesondere eine Länge aufweisen, die etwa dem Durchmesser der Faserkugel entspricht, wobei die Bindefasern innerhalb der Faserkugel vorzugsweise etwa diametral angeordnet sind.
- Sphärisches Faseraggregat nach dem vorhergehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bindefasern aus der Faserkugel herausstacheln.
- Sphärisches Faseraggregat nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Bindefasern ungefähr die gleiche Länge aufweisen, wie die Hauptfasern.
- Sphärisches Faseraggregat nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein dreidimensionales gebundenes Netzwerk aller Fasern in den Faserkugeln vorliegt.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT88100328T ATE77423T1 (de) | 1987-01-12 | 1988-01-12 | Sphaerisches faseraggregat, insbesondere als fuell- oder polstermaterial. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19873700681 DE3700681A1 (de) | 1987-01-12 | 1987-01-12 | Sphaerisches faseraggregat, insbesondere als fuell- oder polstermaterial |
DE3700681 | 1987-01-12 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0277494A2 EP0277494A2 (de) | 1988-08-10 |
EP0277494A3 EP0277494A3 (en) | 1989-12-06 |
EP0277494B1 true EP0277494B1 (de) | 1992-06-17 |
Family
ID=6318706
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP88100328A Expired - Lifetime EP0277494B1 (de) | 1987-01-12 | 1988-01-12 | Sphärisches Faseraggregat, insbesondere als Füll- oder Polstermaterial |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4911980A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0277494B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPS63183088A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE77423T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA1294773C (de) |
DE (2) | DE3700681A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5618800A (en) * | 1994-08-30 | 1997-04-08 | Alcon Laboratories, Inc. | Thermally-gelling drug delivery vehicles containing cellulose ethers |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5169580A (en) * | 1985-05-15 | 1992-12-08 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Bonded non-woven polyester fiber structures |
JPH02164751A (ja) * | 1988-12-19 | 1990-06-25 | Kawatetsu Mining Co Ltd | 顆粒状ウィスカーおよびその製造方法 |
US5506293A (en) * | 1994-09-09 | 1996-04-09 | Northrop Grumman Corporation | Isotropic orientation of carbon fibers in resin matrix materials |
US6329052B1 (en) * | 1999-04-27 | 2001-12-11 | Albany International Corp. | Blowable insulation |
US6329051B1 (en) | 1999-04-27 | 2001-12-11 | Albany International Corp. | Blowable insulation clusters |
US20030072933A1 (en) * | 2001-10-11 | 2003-04-17 | Moore Thomas S. | Reinforcement array for high modulus reinforcement of composites |
US20060248651A1 (en) * | 2005-05-05 | 2006-11-09 | Creative Bedding Technologies, Inc. | Stuffing, filler and pillow |
US7790639B2 (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2010-09-07 | Albany International Corp. | Blowable insulation clusters made of natural material |
CA2897434C (en) | 2013-01-22 | 2017-10-31 | Primaloft, Inc. | Blowable insulation material with enhanced durability and water repellency |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4065599A (en) * | 1972-01-19 | 1977-12-27 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Spherical object useful as filler material |
US3892909A (en) * | 1973-05-10 | 1975-07-01 | Qst Industries | Synthetic down |
US4131704A (en) * | 1976-01-02 | 1978-12-26 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Nonwoven fabric comprising needled and selectively fused fine and coarse filaments having differing softening temperatures which is useful as a backing in the production of tufted materials |
NZ183944A (en) * | 1976-05-08 | 1980-04-28 | Chisso Corp | Production of hollow cylindrical fibrous articles articles stabilized by hot melt adhesion of constituent composite fibres |
DE2966817D1 (en) * | 1979-01-09 | 1984-04-19 | Breveteam Sa | Textile fabric and its use |
CH625931B (de) * | 1979-01-09 | 1900-01-01 | Breveteam Sa | Textiles flaechengebilde und dessen verwendung. |
JPS5685453A (en) * | 1979-12-15 | 1981-07-11 | Maruse Kogyo Kk | Padding |
US4618531A (en) * | 1985-05-15 | 1986-10-21 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Polyester fiberfill and process |
GB2148706B (en) * | 1983-11-04 | 1986-10-01 | Fogarty Plc | Improvements in and relating to fillings for articles and filled articles |
JPS61125377A (ja) * | 1984-11-21 | 1986-06-13 | 日本エステル株式会社 | 詰綿体の製造方法 |
CH676358A5 (de) * | 1986-08-29 | 1991-01-15 | Breveteam Sa |
-
1987
- 1987-01-12 DE DE19873700681 patent/DE3700681A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-12-28 JP JP62330318A patent/JPS63183088A/ja active Pending
-
1988
- 1988-01-11 CA CA000556213A patent/CA1294773C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-01-12 US US07/143,029 patent/US4911980A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-01-12 EP EP88100328A patent/EP0277494B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-01-12 DE DE8888100328T patent/DE3871967D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-01-12 AT AT88100328T patent/ATE77423T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5618800A (en) * | 1994-08-30 | 1997-04-08 | Alcon Laboratories, Inc. | Thermally-gelling drug delivery vehicles containing cellulose ethers |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA1294773C (en) | 1992-01-28 |
EP0277494A3 (en) | 1989-12-06 |
DE3700681A1 (de) | 1988-07-21 |
EP0277494A2 (de) | 1988-08-10 |
DE3871967D1 (de) | 1992-07-23 |
JPS63183088A (ja) | 1988-07-28 |
US4911980A (en) | 1990-03-27 |
ATE77423T1 (de) | 1992-07-15 |
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