EP0276487A2 - Scaffolding with connecting devices - Google Patents

Abstract

The scaffolds have stems (20) made of light metal tubing with perforated disks (22). Connection heads (25) are slotted over the perforated disks (22) and secured with wedges (26). The perforated disks (22) are made of light metal and are welded with the help of the weld seams (33). The connection heads (25) consist of cast steel or forged steel and are reduced to the structures that are absolutely necessary for the absorption, transfer and support of the forces. The system support surfaces have openings (52). The distances (61) of the resultant from the wedge support area (60) are the same with different dimensions (58.1, 58.2) of the outer boundaries (56.1, 56.2) of the connection heads (25). For securing against loss, the wedge has a rivet (86) or the like, which can be placed approximately parallel to the tube (77) by holding ribs (66) curved upwards, taking into account the edge recess (72).

Description

The invention relates to a scaffold with connecting devices with the following features:
- vertical stems;
ring-shaped perforated disks are fastened to the vertical stems at a distance corresponding to the grid of the scaffolding system;
- Horizontal and / or diagonal elongated scaffolding elements are attached to the annular perforated disks with connection heads;
- The connection heads engage with slots over the perforated disks;
- The connection heads have vertically superimposed wedge openings for wedges reaching through the wedge openings and the disk holes;
- The wedges rest on the outer peripheral surfaces of the disk holes on the one hand and on the support adjacent surfaces of the wedge openings of the connection heads on the other;
- The wedges are secured against loss with lower thickenings;
- The lower wedge opening is wider than the upper end region of the upper wedge opening;
- The vertical outer boundary surfaces of the heads are wedge-like designed to converge on the stem and disc center;
- The abutment support surfaces resting on the stems have a partial cylinder shape with the radium of the steep outer wall;
- The system support surfaces have a greater height than the diameter or the height of the elongated scaffolding elements;
- The system support surfaces have openings to the wedge openings;
- The connection heads are made of cast steel or forged steel;
- Attached to elongated scaffolding elements, connecting heads are attached or welded to extensions which engage in their profile;
- The extensions have depressions, in which deformed areas of the elongated metal profiles engaging over them engage or are held by penetration means such as screws, rivets or the like.
- Scaffold elements connected at angles have flat tabs at their ends, which have cylindrical bearing bores through which pivots of continuous connection heads engage.

A scaffold with the features mentioned above is known from DE-PS 24 49 124 and corresponding uses.

Such scaffolds are usually used with stems made of steel tubes and with elongated scaffolding elements made of steel tubes or other profile parts made of steel. In individual cases, scaffolding with tubes and / or elongated scaffolding elements made of light metal has been used, but with many other construction details. This is mainly due to the fact that there are high requirements for the loads on the connections of a module frame, which are difficult or impossible to achieve with light metals and only in certain material combinations and design details.

For modular scaffolding of this type, practically only steel structures are used. However, these have the very considerable disadvantage of the high weight of the individual elements for transport, installation and disassembly. Especially in the interior, tower or mobile scaffolding is used, which is required, for example, for finishing work, repairs or for events for the elevated installation of television or film cameras and which must be quickly assembled, dismantled and possibly moved. Scaffolding is also required, which must be set up very quickly and without any transport aids in confined spaces, e.g. scaffolding to be installed in the manholes in the boilers of power plants or in the dedusting and denoxing plants of power plants in the event of failure or blockage of individual nozzles or other elements Platforms. As a rule, these have to be set up and dismantled very quickly by a few people by handing over the individual elements, possibly in extremely confined spaces. In order not to prolong the breakdown due to scaffolding times, for example, you have to be able to work very quickly.

For such, mostly tower-like scaffolds of different heights, there is a special need for scaffold elements that are optimized with regard to weight and load capacity as well as the design of the connecting elements, and where possible, even small design changes compared to standard scaffolds when using light metal be carried out with beam pipes so that the scaffolding elements can also be used mixed with components originating from the modular system with beam parts. Nevertheless, the forces that occur at the connection points must be absorbed without any problems.

Accordingly, the invention has for its object to provide a scaffold of the above type, which has optimized design in terms of weight, load capacity and absorption, support and transmission of the forces in the connecting devices.

The following features are provided according to the invention:
- The connection heads are gradually reduced from the outer boundaries of the system support surfaces to the diameter or height of the elongated scaffolding elements;
- The outer boundaries of the contact support surfaces lie at approximately the same vertical distances from the contact area of the wedge on the wedge contact wall;
- The projections, if any, are hollow on the inside with frusto-conical walls and transitional curves that extend to the slots;
- The upper wedge opening walls are designed as lateral retaining ribs for the wedge;
- The side areas of the wedge-like connection heads have flat legs in the immediate vicinity of the slots for the perforated disks;
- The elongated scaffolding elements that cross over the extensions consist of a light metal profile;
- The possibly provided, connected at angles, diagonally running scaffolding elements consist of light metal profiles and their flat link heads are deformed from sheet steel or formed from cast steel parts or steel forgings, which have extensions which engage in the diagonally running scaffolding elements and therein by deforming areas engaging in recesses are held.

Thus, according to the invention, a combination of light metal framework parts with steel connection heads is used, the connection heads being reduced from the structures which are absolutely necessary for the internal transmission of the forces and a sensible introduction, support and transmission of the occurring forces into the other components. Accordingly, one makes a sensible transition to the diameters or heights of the elongated scaffold elements in the case of relatively long system support surfaces, but above all the outer boundaries of the system end faces to the central axis are set differently because the wedge to be driven in from above indicates its point of attack or its line of attack or its area of attack in the perforated disc is not in the middle, but is offset upwards. In the case of scaffolds with elements consisting entirely of steel parts, it was not necessary to ensure the uniform application of force and distribution of force as is necessary when steel heads are attacked on light metal pipes. However, light metal connection heads cannot be realized with reasonable effort, which is why the invention has now provided a combination solution of light metal and steel that is optimized with regard to several details. The fact that the extensions are hollow inside with frustoconical walls and in the front area provided transition curves, you have the corresponding weight savings with the smallest possible wall thickness in areas where there is no maximum load, but in the end areas of the pipes where the highest Transmission forces from the pipe or the like. Occur on the connection head, larger wall thicknesses are available, and can also demould the steel parts well.

The design of the wedge opening walls and the area around the slot ensures on the one hand that the wedge can be held easily captive and that the cross sections required there are available for power transmission, on the other hand also sufficient material in the areas immediately adjacent to the perforated disks for securing against lateral Tipping is present.

While the attachment of connection heads by pressing and pressing areas into recesses is known from DE-PS 24 49 124, this was hardly used in practice in steel because welded connections are more useful. However, this connection is particularly suitable for connecting light metal pipes or other light metal profiles with steel connection heads and enables a weight-saving, secure connection between the components of different materials.

In the case of the diagonal elements to be provided, you can either use conventional steel elements because not so many parts are used. However, if weight savings are also desired there, light metal profiles with corresponding flat link heads can be provided according to the further features of the main claim, which also allow weight savings with favorable manufacturing and power transmission conditions. With the heads and light metal tubes designed in this way, weight savings of around 50% can be achieved compared to pure steel structures, which is quite significant for the aforementioned applications and for the relief of the assembly personnel. On the other hand, one can use the design with perforated washers and plugged-on connection heads and wedges, which is probably the cheapest solution, because it allows the best fastening conditions with few light parts and is safe while using the least material Force application of forces of different directions and without risk of loosening of the wedges and the like. What is not so feasible in other connection designs with cups, double cups or in welded tabs into which connecting elements and / or wedges are inserted from above.

In this sense, it is also important to adapt the perforated discs to the conditions of the light metal. However, it should be taken into account that - if you want to use interchangeable parts of a module system - the dimensions of the existing designs must be observed where there are contact surfaces or slots. Thus, the perforated disks made of light metal, which are inherently low in strength, can only be designed in a few places so that they allow greater forces to be transmitted. Accordingly, dimensions are also important for the invention, because the previous disks and the associated elements were designed in such a way that an outer disk diameter of 122 mm and a disk thickness of 9 mm proved to be optimal for a steel disk. Without changing the slot size, the thickness of the lock washers can be provided with 10 mm and the outer diameter of the perforated washers with 124 mm while reducing the play. If the radius is increased by only 1 mm and the thickness is increased by only 1 mm, an approximately 33% increase in the load-bearing capacity is achieved at the critical points with regard to the combined stress due to shearing and bending, and in particularly stressed areas between the outer corner of the hole and the outer circumference and in the area of the center of the outer partial ring web of the large perforations of the perforated disks.

Since the elongated scaffolding parts, in particular horizontal bars and the like, made of light metal with a simple tube cross section do not have sufficient bending strength in certain areas, but on the other hand a closed ring cross section is useful for fastening the connection heads, proposes a further embodiment of the invention, which is in the form of pipes or otherwise with a ring cross section designed elongated scaffolding parts with corresponding reinforcements at least on the underside, for example in the manner of a T-profile or a box profile. So on the one hand you have the option of choosing standard connections, for example with a round tube cross-section, but on the other hand you can increase the bending strength as desired and still use inexpensive extruded profiles.

As a rule, the platform elements to be connected will be equipped with large hooking claws that reach over the horizontal bolts and that are designed with automatically locking elements. However, if one wishes to use platform elements equipped with small, hook-like hooking claws, it is expedient, according to a further embodiment of the invention, to provide legs spaced apart on the elongated scaffolding elements, in the manner of the U-profiles otherwise used in such modular scaffolding, in order to use the standard hooking claws to be able to. A reinforced, elongated scaffold part with a tubular ring cross-section and downwardly projecting T-profile according to claim 5 is particularly expedient because it is easy to manufacture and results in clear static conditions and clear strength relationships and because it also allows the conventional large claws to be attached with securing fingers. Further details, configurations, features and advantages of the invention also result from the following description part dealt with on the basis of the drawings and, if appropriate, further claim features. Embodiments of the invention are dealt with below.

• Fig. 1 Die in den Einzelheiten und den Verbindungen ver­einfachte Schrägansicht eines Turmrollgerüstes;
• Fig. 2 einen Horizontalschnitt durch einen Stiel mit Draufsicht auf eine Lochscheibe sowie zwei Anschlußköpfe mit Keilen, wobei der eine teilweise und mit dem zugehörigen Rohr geschnitten dargestellt ist;
• Fig. 3 einen vergrößerten Vertikalteilschnitt längs der Linie 3-3 in Fig. 2;
• Fig. 4 die Seitenansicht eines Horizontalriegels mit zwei Anschlußköpfen inkleinerem Maßstab;
• Fig. 5 die Draufsicht auf den Horizontalriegel nach Fig.4, jedoch ohne Keile;
• Fig. 6 die Seitenansicht eines Anschlußkopfes, etwa im Maßstab 1÷1;
• Fig. 7 die Draufsicht auf einen Anschlußkopf nach Fig.6;
• Fig. 8 einen Vertikalschnitt längs der Linie 8-8 in Fig.7;
• Fig. 9 einen Vertikalschnitt längs der Linie 9-9 in Fig. 6;
• Fig. 10 eine Draufsicht auf eine Lochscheibe mit Schnitt durch den Stiel;
• Fig. 11 einen Vertikalmittelschnitt durch die Lochscheibe nach Fig. 10 mit zugehörigem Rohrbereich;
• Fig. 12 die Seitenansicht eines rohrartigen Gerüst­elementes mit nach unten reichender T-förmiger Verstärkung;
• Fig. 13 die Draufsicht auf ein Gerüstelement nach Fig.12, jedoch ohne Keile;
• Fig. 14 einen Querschnitt längs der Linie 14-14 in Fig. 12 ohne Anschlußkopf und Keil;
• Fig. 15 einen Querschnitt gemäß der Fig. 14 mit Darstel­lung von zwei Varianten;
• Fig. 16 eine Seitenansicht einer Eckverbindung mit Diagonalenanschlüssen teilweise im Schnitt durch die Vertikalmittelebene;
• Fig. 17 die Seitenansicht eines Diagonalstabes;
• Fig. 18 die Ansicht eines Laschenkopfes für einen Diagonalstab in größerem Maßstab;
• Fig. 19 die Stirnansicht des Laschenkopfes nach Fig. 18;
• Fig. 20 die Seitansicht eines Anschlußkopfes für den ge­lenkigen Anschluß der Diagonalstäbe.

Show it:

• Figure 1 The simplified in the details and the connections oblique view of a tower scaffolding.
• Figure 2 is a horizontal section through a handle with a plan view of a perforated disc and two connection heads with wedges, one of which is shown partially and cut with the associated tube.
• Fig. 3 is an enlarged partial vertical section along the line 3-3 in Fig. 2;
• Figure 4 is a side view of a horizontal bar with two connection heads on a smaller scale.
• 5 shows the top view of the horizontal bar according to FIG. 4, but without wedges;
• Fig. 6 is a side view of a connection head, approximately on a scale of 1 ÷ 1;
• 7 shows the top view of a connection head according to FIG. 6;
• Figure 8 is a vertical section along the line 8-8 in Figure 7;
• Fig. 9 is a vertical section along the line 9-9 in Fig. 6;
• Figure 10 is a plan view of a perforated disc with a section through the stem.
• 11 shows a vertical central section through the perforated disk according to FIG. 10 with the associated tube area;
• 12 shows the side view of a tubular scaffold element with a T-shaped reinforcement reaching downwards;
• 13 shows the top view of a scaffold element according to FIG. 12, but without wedges;
• 14 shows a cross section along the line 14-14 in FIG. 12 without a connecting head and wedge;
• 15 shows a cross section according to FIG. 14, showing two variants;
• 16 shows a side view of a corner connection with diagonal connections, partly in section through the vertical center plane;
• 17 shows the side view of a diagonal bar;
• 18 shows the view of a tab head for a diagonal bar on a larger scale;
• 19 shows the end view of the strap head according to FIG. 18;
• Fig. 20 is a side view of a connection head for the articulated connection of the diagonal bars.

1 has four stems 20. They are identified by sub-numbers 20.1, 20.2, 20.3, 20.4 to distinguish them. The stems 20 are supported on height-adjustable casters 21, which are also designated with differentiation decimal places. The stems can consist of a plurality of tubes which can be plugged onto one another and have 23 perforated disks 22 at a suitable distance, which are provided with openings 24 in a known manner and as can be seen from the drawings. The wedges 26 of the connection heads 25 of the various scaffolding elements 27 to be connected to the stems 20 grip through them. In this exemplary embodiment, there are horizontal bars 27.1 and diagonal bars 27.2, which can be of a suitable diagonal or diagonal in space.

As can be seen, scaffold floors 28 form the upper platform or are provided as intermediate floors for the ascent with the aid of the ladders 29 in a conventional manner. They have claws 28.1, which grip over the horizontal bolts in the usual way and are provided with safety fingers that automatically reach underneath.

The stems 20 are made of light metal with a wall thickness 31 of 4 mm and an outer diameter 32 of 48.3 mm, i.e. a radium 47 of approximately 24 mm, as is customary for such modular scaffolding and can therefore also be used with scaffolding elements such as connecting couplings and Like. Be used from standard scaffolding systems.

The perforated disks 22 are made of light metal and are welded to the round tubes of the stems 20 by means of the two weld seams 33 in the appropriate spacing 23. They have an outer diameter 34 of 124 mm and a thickness 35 of 10 mm. The distance 42 of the wedge contact wall 36 from the stem and disc center 37 is 50 mm. This is the radius 39 the cylindrical wedge wall sections 38 of the larger openings 24.2 for the connection of the diagonal bars the same. Compared to conventional perforated discs, the radius is increased by 1 mm and the thickness by 1 mm. This has an effect both on the cross-sectional area subject to the shear stress in the area of the hole corners 41 and on the area primarily subject to the bending stress in the area of the center of the partial ring web 43 of the large openings 24.2 of the perforated disks 22, so that there is an overall increase in the possible load an aluminum disc with the standard dimensions of 122 mm diameter and 9 mm thickness of approx. 33%. The usual tolerances are so large that, if desired, conventional connecting heads of tubular steel scaffolds can be slipped onto and attached to the somewhat enlarged disc without having to leave the standard dimensions, which is necessary for the further configuration of a modular system that has been introduced on a large scale is of great importance, which is why it is better to take other measures than to change the standard dimensions.

Terminal heads 25 and 105 are generally standard in configuration, which is also required to use them in a modular system. The side boundaries 46, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 7, are designed in a wedge-like manner towards the stem and disk center 37, so that there are eight connection options lying directly next to one another. The system support surfaces 50 are, as can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 7, with the radius 47 of the outer wall of the stem 20 of 24 mm concavely curved and their edge regions 48 merge with curves into the side boundaries 46, so that there are no sharp-edged impressions in the Pipe wall gives what is particularly important for the soft light metal material. Usual horizontal slots 49 with a height of 12 mm are provided. These merge into the system support surfaces 50 with large corner curves 51. Through the slot 49 and the curves 51, the contact support surfaces 50 are interrupted and divided into two contact areas 50.1 and 50.2, which come to rest on both sides of the respective perforated disc 22 on the respective stem 20. These two contact areas 50.1 and 50.2 have openings 52 which extend to the wedge receiving space formed by the wedge openings 53.1 and 53.2, so that the contact support surfaces 50 are reduced to the extent necessary for the support of the forces of curved rectangular ring surfaces, in which the position of the resultant Force application surfaces is roughly indicated by arrows 55.1 and 55.2.

The height of the contact face sections is - as can be seen from FIG. 8 - different. The outer lower boundary 56.1 lies down from the horizontal center plane 57 of the slot 49 by the distance 58.1, while the outer boundary 56.2 runs upwards from the horizontal center plane 57 by the distance 58.2. The dimension 58.1 is preferably 30 mm and the dimension 58.2 is preferably 36 mm, so that there is a total height 58.3 of 66 mm, the center of which is offset by 3 mm from the horizontal center plane 57, which means approximately the same distances 61 from FIG. 3 visible wedge contact area 60 result, so that the moments applied act with the same lever arms and thus with approximately the same supporting forces on the pipe and the connection head. Since the loads are different on the one hand and changing on the other and it is not a hinge connection, but also not a rigid connection, but rather a relatively elastic connection effective in several levels, which also includes the preload forces, one is at the Dimensioning largely depends on experience, tests and sometimes model calculations in order to find optimal designs. The above Th dimensions meet these needs in an excellent manner on a connection head 25 on cast steel or possibly forged steel for handles made of light metal tubing.

While the front contact area of the connection head 25 has an elongated, rectangular shape, the rear contact face 63 is expediently delimited by a circle which corresponds to the outside diameter of the pipes of the scaffolding system, here with a diameter of approximately 48 mm. While the side boundary lines 46 run in a straight wedge shape up to the contact face 63, the upper boundary line 64.2 and the lower boundary line 64.1 in the exemplary embodiment are designed to be slightly curved, so that the head generally gradually increases to the diameter or the height of the elongated scaffolding element to be connected reduced. The lower boundary line 64.1 is somewhat concave. The upper boundary line 64.2 is curved somewhat convexly to accommodate an approximately straight wedge to be placed parallel to the pipe and secured against loss.

On both sides of the slot 49, only flat legs 65 have remained, as can be seen in FIG. 9. These run on the outside according to the boundary lines 46 and have a thickness of approximately 5 mm, for example. They serve to limit the slot 49 and to secure the connection head against rotation about the central axis 57.1 of the circular surface 63.

Perpendicular to the slot 49 extend through the connection head 25, the wedge openings 53, which have a width 67 up to the retaining ribs 66, which is slightly larger than the transverse extension of the rivet 68 of the wedge 26, so that the wedge can be moved up and down without problems . Between the holding ribs 66, the wedge opening 53.1 has only a width 69 which is greater than the thickness 71 of the wedge, however, is less than the length of the rivet 68, so that it serves to prevent it from falling out, and on the other hand allows the wedge to be pulled up via the slot 49, the end 26.2 of the wedge, as can be seen in FIG. 3, being provided with an edge recess 72 to place the wedge for transport approximately parallel to the scaffolding element. For this purpose, a recess 73 is formed in the top of the head. In the area of the holding ribs 66, small beads can be seen on the outside, which are designed so that there are sufficient cross sections for the power transmission, but no superfluous, weight-increasing material accumulations. In this case, depressions can be formed between these beads and the legs 65.

The heads for the connection of the scaffold elements are the same for scaffold elements to be connected in the axial direction as well as at an angle, with respect to the parts described above.

If elongated scaffolding elements are connected in the direction of the axis 57.1, integrally formed extensions 75 are provided on the connection heads 25, as can be seen in FIGS. 3 to 9, which have an essentially or almost cylindrical attachment surface 76 on the outside, to which this is shown here, for example cylindrical tube 77 of a horizontal bar 27 is attached.

The length 78 of the extensions 75 depends on the elements to be clipped on. The extensions 75 have an inner cavity 79 which, as can be seen from FIGS. 6 to 8, is somewhat conical with a diameter which decreases with respect to the front connection head. Its end region 80 merges with the partial spherical shape according to the radius 82 into the reinforced transition region 81 of the connection head, the inner cavity 79 opening towards the slot 49. This is a transition area 81 with a sufficient overall cross section for the transfer of forces at the maximum stressed point. In addition, a design has been created which - as will be discussed below - is equally favorable for the articulated connection of diagonal bars and otherwise permits the same head shape. Fastening perforations 83 extend transversely through the extensions 75. In the manufacture - as can be seen in FIG. 2 - dome-like deformation regions 84 of the attached and pressed-on tube 77 are pressed in to secure them against rotation and against pulling off. This enables a secure connection between a tube 77 made of an extruded aluminum profile and a connecting head 25 made of steel size for long-term use of a scaffold according to the invention, thus creating an optimal design with low weight, which facilitates the transfer and support of the occurring forces The least amount of material and the highest possible level of safety are guaranteed, taking into account the conditions of the inexpensive connection system with the perforated disks and penetrating wedges, and on both sides of the perforated disks, connection structures supported directly on the pipe, so that light metal extrusions are used for the elongated parts with the largest volume of material can be used while steel parts of small cross-section and thus small volume and thus low weight are used at the highly stressed points while optimizing the shape. It is taken into account that thin panes can only be economically attached to the pipes by welding and accordingly light metal perforated disks are to be used, the dimensions of which, however, were selected within the framework of the modular system in such a way that they withstand the loads for tower scaffolds over 12 m high and the like. meet if no extremely high total scaffolding loads that are rare in practice are desired.

The elongated scaffolding elements 27, in particular the horizontal bars, directly support the claws 28.1 of the scaffolding floors in the construction provided in FIG. 1. As a result, considerable bending stresses are applied to them which, under certain circumstances, can no longer be absorbed with certainty in the long term and with slight overloads by a thin-walled light metal tube. It is therefore expedient, in accordance with a variant according to FIGS. 12 to 14, to provide the elongate frame elements 90, which are preferably formed with round tubes 77, with reinforcements provided in particular on the underside. 12 to 14 in the manner of an inverted T-profile, it is possible to provide a web 91 and a flange 92 in the center as a lower flange, which at the ends 93 are designed, for example, at 45 °. The total height can be, for example, 110 mm with a leg width of approximately 42 mm and a tube outer diameter of 42.3 mm and a tube wall thickness of 2.8 mm. With such tube designs, the securing fingers of the claws 28.1 can then engage the tube 77 in the region below the horizontal center plane without being hindered by the web 91, so that automatic lifting safeguards can be used. 15, if an even greater reinforcement or torsional rigidity is desired, a box-like reinforcement profile with two webs 91.1, 91.2 - only indicated by a dashed line - and a continuous lower flange 92 can be provided.

If you want to use scaffolding floors with small claws that are usually suspended in U-profiles, you can either provide suitable U-profiles with corresponding designs attached to the connection heads 25. An expedient other form, however, sees on round tubes according to FIG. 15 placed above, corresponding to the claws spaced legs 93.1 and 93.2 suitable height of about 40 mm and with a distance of about 40 mm in front. These can be combined with the lower reinforcement or provided alone.

For the connection of diagonal bars to the perforated disks 22, it is customary to provide connection heads with pivots, which are fastened to the disks with wedges in a conventional manner in accordance with the respective free possibilities and the diagonal bars have tabs. Such basically known connections are dealt with in an embodiment according to the invention for a light metal-steel construction in FIGS. 16 to 20.

Here, a connection is shown in FIG. 16 on a support 20 on the perforated disk 22, approximately at the corner 101 marked at the front right in FIG. 1, but omitting the horizontal bars. Terminal heads 105, which are designed in the front part, as explained above, are fastened with wedges 26. They have flat, circular end faces 103 and pivots 106 fastened in the central axis 57/107. A contact head 106.1 of the pivot 106 lies in the receiving recess 105.1. The pivot pin 106 extends through the opening 109 of the tab head 110 and is secured with a rivet head or a flange 106.2, as is known per se.

Here, a design for the tab head 110 has now been selected which enables it to be formed from a steel tube. The tab head 110 is deformed from a thin-walled sheet steel tube. It has an insertion section 111 which has a cylindrical outer surface 112 for attaching a light metal tube 117. Openings 113 are formed therein, in which the tube 117 is fastened in the same way as the tube 77 on the extension 75 with the aid of the fastening openings 83. The front, free connection area 120 is deformed into an essentially flat rectangular flap with a height 118 of approximately 15 mm and has a central receiving recess 119, which can be pressed in further as shown in FIGS. 19 can be seen, is formed, as is known per se for diagonal rod tubes made of steel. The flanging 106.2 lies in this receiving recess 119. The shaft of the pivot pin 106 is rotatable in the bearing bore 121. So with a conventional steel connection head design and an attached and fastened by deformation light metal tube, a design suitable for light diagonal bars is created in which the material and weight-saving connection head can be used, as described above, so that also the diagonal bars are overall much lighter with sufficient strength and thus meet the needs mentioned above.

In summary, the invention can also be described as follows:

The scaffolds have stems (20) made of light metal tubing with perforated disks (22). Connection heads (25) are stretched with their slots over the perforated disks (22) and secured with wedges (26). The perforated disks (22) are made of light metal and are welded with the help of the weld seams (33). The connection heads (25) consist of cast steel or forged steel and are reduced to the structures which are absolutely necessary for the absorption, transfer and support of the forces. The system support surfaces have openings (52). The distances (61) of the resultant from the wedge support area (60) are the same with different dimensions (58.1, 58.2) of the outer boundaries (56.1, 56.2) of the connection heads (25). For securing against loss, the wedge has a rivet (86) or the like, which can be placed approximately parallel to the tube (77) by holding ribs (66) curved upwards, taking into account the edge recess (72).

Claims (5)

1. Scaffold with connecting devices with the following features:
- vertical stems;
ring-shaped perforated disks are fastened to the vertical stems at a distance corresponding to the grid of the scaffolding system;
- Horizontal and / or diagonal elongated scaffolding elements are attached to the annular perforated disks with connection heads;
- The connection heads engage with slots over the perforated disks;
- The connection heads have vertically superimposed wedge openings for wedges reaching through the wedge openings and the disk holes;
- The wedges lie on the outer peripheral surfaces of the disk holes on the one hand and on the support surfaces of the wedge openings of the connection heads adjacent to the stem on the other hand;
- The wedges are secured against loss with lower thickenings;
- The lower wedge opening is wider than the upper end region of the upper wedge opening;
- The vertical outer boundary surfaces of the heads are wedge-like designed to converge on the stem and disc center;
- The abutment bearing surfaces on the stems have a partial cylinder shape with the radius of the outer wall of the stalk;
- The system support surfaces have a greater height than the diameter or the height of the elongated scaffolding elements;
- The system support surfaces have openings to the wedge openings;
- The connection heads are made of cast steel or forged steel;
- Connection heads attached to elongated scaffolding elements are fastened or welded with extensions which engage in their profile;
- The extensions have depressions, in which deformed areas of the elongated metal profiles engaging over them engage or are held by penetration means such as screws, rivets or the like.
- Scaffold elements connected at angles have flat tabs at their ends, which have cylindrical bearing bores through which pivots of uninterrupted connection heads engage;
characterized, that the following features are provided:
- The connection heads (25, 105) reduce from the outer boundaries (56.1, 56.2) of the system support surfaces (50) gradually to the diameter (63) or heights of the elongated scaffolding elements (77);
- The outer boundaries (56.1, 56.2) of the contact support surfaces (50) lie at approximately the same vertical distances (61) from the contact region (60) of the wedge on the wedge contact wall (36, 38);
- The optionally provided extensions (75) are hollow on the inside (79) with frustoconical walls and transitions (81, 82) running up to the slots (49);
- The upper wedge opening walls are designed as lateral holding ribs (66) for the wedge (26);
- The side areas of the wedge-like connection heads have flat legs (65) in the immediate vicinity of the slots (49) for the perforated disks (22);
- The elongated scaffolding elements (27, 77) which cross over the extensions (75) consist of light metal profiles;
- The diagonal scaffolding elements (27.2), which may be connected at angles, consist of light metal profiles and their flat link heads (110) are deformed from sheet steel or formed from cast steel parts or steel forgings, which have extensions (insertion section 111) that extend into the diagonally extending scaffolding elements (27.2; 117) engage and are held therein by deformed areas engaging in depressions (113). 2. Scaffold according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the outer diameter (34) of the perforated disks (22) is 124 mm and the thickness (35) of the perforated disks (22) is 10 mm. 3. Scaffold according to claim 1,
characterized,
that elongated scaffolding parts (77) have a closed ring cross-section for inserting and fastening the extensions (75) of the connection heads (25) and projecting downward at least one web (91; 91.1; 91.2) which is connected to a substantially horizontally extending flange (92) , Thigh or lower flange passes over. 4. Scaffold according to claim 1 or 3,
characterized,
that spaced legs (93.1, 93.2) running in the longitudinal direction are arranged on closed, elongated scaffolding elements (77), the spacing of which corresponds to the size of the hooking claws of the scaffolding floors or platform elements. 5. Scaffold according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized,
that an elongated scaffold element (77) has a circular ring cross-section as an upper chord with a downwardly projecting web (91) and a horizontal flat lower chord (92).

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