EP0736648A1 - Scaffold - Google Patents

Abstract

The scaffolding assembly (30) consists of a rigid work platform that is supported using horizontal, diagonal, and vertical steel posts (31) and through the use of brackets (45). The posts are all horizontally underpropped, and are connected together using a block. The use of several of these blocks allows multiple runs of scaffold boards (40) to be linked up. The scaffold boards are also horizontally supported and underpinned. The boards consist of long wooden planks with vertical securing holes (57) bored into their ends. The holes are use in conjunction with pins to fix the boards to the support blocks.

Description

The invention relates to a scaffold or only one scaffold part in and / or with a support structure element arrangement, a torsionally rigid space structure being formed with the aid of supports, horizontal bars and diagonal bars, and optionally consoles and, if necessary, removable scaffold floors are provided at the level of the work surfaces and the scaffold module grid dimensions in all three spatial directions and longitudinal connection grid dimensions for scaffold floors obeys and the width grid dimension is selected according to the width of the personnel work space and the height grid dimension corresponds to a height module dimension for the variable subdivision of a person working height and the longitudinal grid dimension Horizontal extension corresponds to a field size and the longitudinal connection grid dimensions are smaller than the longitudinal grid dimensions in accordance with the design of the support element.

Scaffolds have stems, horizontal bars and diagonal bars to build a stable and somewhat torsionally rigid space structure. The horizontal bars include horizontal support bars, which are generally much shorter than the other horizontal bars. The scaffold floors essential for scaffolding with the running and working surfaces for the actual use of the scaffold are supported on the horizontal support bars. The interaction between the various elements of the supporting structure and the scaffold floors, which are very rigid at least in the tread plane, can be used to stabilize the entire scaffold and make a significant contribution. However, the game resulting from the conditions of manufacture, assembly, cultivation and use must be taken into account.

The scaffolding is either set up with vertical scaffolding frames, which are usually set up vertically and normally to the wall of the building, or with individual supports and node elements for the connection between supports and horizontal and diagonal members. The invention is concerned with improved possible solutions for scaffolding, which are constructed with individual stems and with node elements for connecting the rods and are referred to as 'modular scaffolding'. Various configurations are known for the node elements. Among them there are various arrangements with cup-like rings on the Stems in which hooks of the horizontal bars and other horizontal elements as well as the connecting elements for diagonal bars are hooked in from above and secured with additional means. Fuses with slanted wedges are known.

If these wedges are not fastened, the hooks can be lifted out of the cups. If large-scale elements of the scaffold are connected to them, the scaffold floor element connected to the support bar can be lifted off together with the latter in the event of strong winds or storms and lead to serious damage to people, buildings, cars and other objects.

The scaffold floors are connected to the horizontal support bars in various ways. If cylindrical support bolts are used, claw-like hooks are generally placed from above and are held against lifting from below with mostly spring-loaded and / or locked retaining fingers.

For various individual and special applications, utility models DE-U 85 13 983 and 85 13 985 have known screed scaffolding made of vertical frames and covering panels or scaffolding floors, in which the upper cross member of the scaffolding frame between the two vertical, made of round tube Stems of the frame is welded and carries vertically upright pins for fixing the covering panels, which are arranged according to the respective module size and the different individual dimensions.

The construction, which also takes into account the spacing of the pins arranged adjacent to one another and the widths of the traverses, offers a rigid frame, above all by welding the upper traverse to the vertical support tubes, which can only be used in accordance with its connection dimensions and connection conditions, but is not suitable for use in other differently designed module scaffolds to be used. With such module scaffolds, loose stems with attack means for connecting heads of trusses are used, which is not the case with frame scaffolds.

Another application of trusses with pins is known from DE-A 38 24 922. The aim is to place a hat-shaped holding device across the wooden rungs of a wooden ladder scaffold. This holding device has outwardly projecting legs with support tubes for the fixing pins of the scaffolding floors, but no auxiliary means connected at the end in order to be connected to the other connecting devices of a framework node. Since it is an individually constructed wooden ladder scaffold, the dimensions with regard to a basic grid system that is decisive for the entire scaffold are also not given. No suggestions can be found in the abovementioned documents to equip traverses with locating pins for scaffolding floors with particularly stable, at the end, provided rod structure knot heads for perforated disks on stems that take account of the tipping forces.

Other fastenings, such as those used primarily in modular scaffolding, have perforated disks attached to the stems at certain intervals and generally have an U-shaped horizontal support bolt design that is open at the top.

The horizontal bars have wedge heads at their ends, which have a horizontal slot approximately in the middle, which allows the head part below and above to be pushed from the side over the perforated disc and then a wedge through the openings in the two head parts and put it through the opening in the perforated disc.

At least two claws fastened to its respective end face are placed on the edges of the U-rail-like support bars for each scaffold floor. These reach over the supporting edge with the approximately 1 to 2 cm high hook part. Lift safeguards with clearance from above prevent lifting.

Thanks to the multi-toothed wedge construction, it is no longer possible to separate the scaffold floor and the support bar from the support structure even if the wedge is not tied down but pushed through and the lift protection is in place. In this arrangement, however, not all elements are firmly connected to one another by positive locking and friction locking.

Scaffold floors that can be used for handling, in which the top and bottom can serve as a running and working surface, have double prism-shaped support elements on their end faces, which are also placed on the upper edge surfaces of the vertical legs of the U-shaped, upwardly open horizontal ledger. A side shift is also possible with these, unless additional aids are used.

The patent (the patent application) deals with a group of inventions which are connected to one another in such a way that they implement a single general inventive idea which consists of, in the case of scaffolds with support structure element arrangements of the type mentioned at the outset, the holding, Fixing and supporting devices for scaffolding floors on the structure and associated elements so that manufacture, assembly, disassembly and use are improved by improving and optimizing the structure of the scaffolding and the support of the forces that occur.

The invention is based on the object by combining advantageous features from different scaffolding systems on the one hand to enable interchangeability and the arbitrary assembly of elements of different scaffolding systems, but above all with a simple structure and inexpensive and inexpensive manufacturing options, a particularly good, dimensionally stable connection between the scaffold frame floors and the stems of the overall support structure of the scaffold.

• a. An den Stielen abgestützte Horizontal-Tragriegel sind an Knotenelementen mittels je eines Keils angeschlossen;
• b. die Gerüstböden sind an den Horizontal-Tragriegeln abgestützt;
• c. für die Abstützung der Gerüstböden an den Horizontal-Tragriegeln sind Bodenstützmittel und Riegelauflagemittel vorgesehen;
• d. die Gerüstböden sind gegen Abheben gesichert und wenigstens teilweise verschiebegesichert;
• e. die Horizontal-Tragriegel haben an ihren Enden Keil-Köpfe mit etwa auf halber Höhe liegenden Horizontalschlitzen zum Aufstecken auf horizontal angeordnete Lochscheiben der Stiele und zum Durchstecken der Keile durch die über und unter der zugeordneten Lochscheibe liegenden Kopfteile und durch die Löcher in den Lochscheiben, die im eingesteckten Zustand der Keile ein gegenseitiges Lösen der Elemente ohne manuellen Eingriff verhindern;
• f. die Gerüstböden haben im Bereich ihrer Stirnenden zylindrische, sich vertikal erstreckende Sicherungs-Löcher;
• g. an den Horizontal-Tragriegeln sind Vertikal-Stifte mit zu den Sicherungs-Löchern passenden Abmessungen angeordnet;
• h. die Vertikalstifte sind entsprechend dem Lochabstand und dem Endflächenabstand von den in den Gerüstböden vorgesehenen Sicherungs-Löchern angeordnet und ragen über eine obere Riegel-Auflagefläche des Horizontal-Tragriegels auf;
• i. die Vertikalstifte ragen mit einer freien Länge über der Riegel-Auflagefläche auf, die etwas kleiner oder höchstens gleich der Dicke des Gerüstbodens und/oder seines Auflagebereichs ist;
• k. die Lochränder der Gerüstböden sind als Bodenstützflächen zur Auflage auf der Riegel-Auflagefläche gestaltet;
• l. die Gerüstböden sind Standard-Anschluß-Gerüstböden.

The first part of the invention group is essentially based on the task of finding an improved design of the horizontal support bar. The following features are provided to solve this task:

• a. Horizontal support bars supported on the stems are connected to node elements by means of a wedge;
• b. the scaffolding floors are supported on the horizontal support bars;
• c. for supporting the scaffold floors on the horizontal support bars, floor support means and transom support means are provided;
• d. the scaffold floors are secured against lifting and at least partially secured against displacement;
• e. the horizontal support bars have wedge heads at their ends with horizontal slots lying approximately halfway up to attach them to horizontally arranged perforated disks of the stems and to push the wedges through the head parts lying above and below the assigned perforated disk and through the holes in the perforated disks in the inserted state of the wedges prevent mutual loosening of the elements without manual intervention;
• f. the scaffolding floors have cylindrical, vertically extending securing holes in the area of their ends;
• G. vertical pins with dimensions matching the securing holes are arranged on the horizontal support bolts;
• H. the vertical pins are arranged in accordance with the hole spacing and the end face spacing from the securing holes provided in the scaffolding floors and protrude above an upper bolt support surface of the horizontal support bolt;
• i. the vertical pins protrude with a free length above the transom support surface that is somewhat smaller or at most equal to the thickness of the scaffold floor and / or its support area;
• k. the perforated edges of the scaffold floors are designed as floor support surfaces for resting on the transom support surface;
• l. the scaffolding floors are standard connecting scaffolding floors.

Characterized in that on the one hand the particularly secure and after wedging particularly stable knot construction with perforated disc and horizontally slotted wedge head is used and on the other hand the relatively long pin-hole connections with suitable fitting dimensions are used to secure the scaffolding floors against lateral displacement , one obtains a connection that is particularly stable already during and after the loose assembly, which is particularly torsion-stable even when torsional forces occur and also ensures particularly favorable holding conditions against bending forces in the case of incomplete assembly of the scaffolding, especially in the intermediate stages of assembly and disassembly.

Because of the many different possible uses of the invention, it can be defined with respect to an entire scaffold as well as a scaffold part or a support structure element arrangement. In this respect, too, the representation of the invention is related parts of a self-contained solution principle in which the handle is particularly stable anchored horizontal support bolts with the particularly displaceable scaffold floor supports in a manner known per se, now interacting at least several internal, technically related connections.

With regard to the stability of connections of the individual parts of the scaffold to one another, relevant aspects with regard to the transfer of force from a bent scaffold floor to the stick are to be considered in appropriate installation and / or load situations. While when hanging with a claw on the supporting edge of the U-ledger, a joint analysis in the critical limit positions is required, a supporting structure can be assumed in the design according to the invention and included in the calculation of static and, above all, dynamic forces. This is important for the question of the amount of material used and thus the weight of the individual parts to be lifted by the scaffold assembly personnel and ultimately the safety of the entire scaffolding system in critical situations. When a scaffold floor is connected to holes in the end regions, which are plugged onto pins which are vertically projecting on the horizontal support bar, it can be seen in the bent scaffold floor, as shown especially in FIGS. 3 and 18, that the relatively snugly arranged sleeve support element of the scaffolding floor in the area of the upper end of the pin on one side and in the area of supports at the lower end on the opposite side, so that a relatively large support distance between the two counteracting supporting forces of the applied moment is to be considered. While a cup connection to the stem was customary in the previous support of such scaffold floors with holes and pins, the invention now provides a wedge head, the end faces of which are supported on the outer wall of the stem. Here too, the greatest possible distance between the two force components of the occurring moments is possible, as illustrated by the arrows pointing to this distance in FIGS. 3 and 18. It can be seen that an internal technological connection between the two support arrangements, which are known per se in different scaffolding systems, clearly stands out and that, with less material and therefore less transport weight, larger permissible loads, especially dynamic loads, can be permitted on the scaffolding.

When setting up scaffolding on buildings, a distance from the building wall is often required. The distance must also allow work to be carried out on the wall between the building wall and the scaffolding, for example when plastering, when installing facings or with particularly complicated painting, painting, decorating and stucco work. This distance is so large that there is a danger when walking, running, transporting tools and materials falling of people and objects cannot be excluded. Therefore, for such, but also other cases, a bracket or cantilever arrangement with bracket scaffolding floors lying outside the actual scaffolding space is selected. In the arrangement described above, these are attached between the inside support posts of the scaffold and the wall in such a way that there is such a small distance between the wall and the edge of the jib scaffold floor that people and objects cannot fall down. These brackets have a mounting on the scaffold arm and a slightly lower, usually loosely fitting, lower bracket support, which is connected to an oblique strut to the outer end of the horizontal bar or horizontal support element of the console, so that all supporting forces on the handle side of the Console can be initiated into the stem. The attachment to the respective node element is also known. So far, U-shaped horizontal support elements with wedge heads attached to perforated disks have been provided, or horizontal support elements with vertical pins and cup attachment are common.

• a. An den Stielen abgestützte Horizontal-Tragriegel sind an Knotenelementen mittels je eines Keils angeschlossen;
• b. die Gerüstböden sind an den Horizontal-Tragriegeln abgestützt;
• c. für die Abstützung der Gerüstböden an den Horizontal-Tragriegeln sind Bodenstützmittel und Riegelauflagemittel vorgesehen;
• d. die Gerüstböden sind gegen Abheben gesichert und wenigstens teilweise verschiebegesichert;
• e. die Horizontal-Tragriegel haben an ihren Enden Keil-Köpfe mit etwa auf halber Höhe liegenden Horizontalschlitzen zum Aufstecken auf horizontal angeordnete Lochscheiben der Stiele und zum Durchstecken der Keile durch die über und unter der zugeordneten Lochscheibe liegenden Kopfteile und durch die Löcher in den Lochscheiben, die im eingesteckten Zustand der Keile ein gegenseitiges Lösen der Elemente ohne manuellen Eingriff verhindern;
• f. die Gerüstböden haben im Bereich ihrer Stirnenden zylindrische, sich vertikal erstreckende Sicherungs-Löcher;
• g. an den Horizontal-Tragriegeln sind Vertikal-Stifte mit zu den Sicherungs-Löchern passenden Abmessungen angeordnet;
• h. die Vertikalstifte sind entsprechend dem Lochabstand und dem Endflächenabstand von den in den Gerüstböden vorgesehenen Sicherungs-Löchern angeordnet und ragen über eine obere Riegel-Auflagefläche des Horizontal-Tragriegels auf;
• i. die Vertikalstifte ragen mit einer freien Länge über der Riegel-Auflagefläche auf, die etwas kleiner oder höchstens gleich der Dicke des Gerüstbodens und/oder seines Auflagebereichs ist;
• k. die Lochränder der Gerüstböden sind als Bodenstützflächen zur Auflage auf der Riegel-Auflagefläche gestaltet;
• l. die Gerüstböden sind Standard-Anschluß-Gerüstböden;
• m. die Konsole hat ein Horizontal-Stützelement mit einem am einen Ende befestigten Keil-Kopf, mit einem Frei-Ende, mit einer am Keil-Kopf-Ende befestigten und am Stiel anliegenden, in etwa senkrecht zum Horizontal-Stützelement verlaufenden Vertikalstrebe und mit einer vom Frei-Ende zur Vertikalstrebe führenden Schrägstrebe sowie mit Vertikal-Stiften, die mit zu den Sicherungs-Löchern passenden Abmessungen angeordnet sind.

The second part of the invention group is essentially based on the task of finding an improved design of the console. The following features are provided to solve this task:

• a. Horizontal support bars supported on the stems are connected to node elements by means of a wedge;
• b. the scaffolding floors are supported on the horizontal support bars;
• c. for supporting the scaffold floors on the horizontal support bars, floor support means and transom support means are provided;
• d. the scaffold floors are secured against lifting and at least partially secured against displacement;
• e. the horizontal support bars have wedge heads at their ends with horizontal slots lying approximately halfway up to attach them to horizontally arranged perforated disks of the stems and to push the wedges through the head parts lying above and below the assigned perforated disk and through the holes in the perforated disks in the inserted state of the wedges prevent mutual loosening of the elements without manual intervention;
• f. the scaffolding floors have cylindrical, vertically extending securing holes in the area of their ends;
• G. vertical pins with dimensions matching the securing holes are arranged on the horizontal support bolts;
• H. the vertical pins are arranged in accordance with the hole spacing and the end face spacing from the securing holes provided in the scaffolding floors and protrude above an upper bolt support surface of the horizontal support bolt;
• i. the vertical pins protrude with a free length above the transom support surface that is somewhat smaller or at most equal to the thickness of the scaffold floor and / or its support area;
• k. the perforated edges of the scaffold floors are designed as floor support surfaces for resting on the transom support surface;
• l. the scaffolding floors are standard connecting scaffolding floors;
• m. the console has a horizontal support element with a wedge head attached at one end, with a free end, with a wedge head end attached and attached to the stem, approximately perpendicular to the horizontal support element and with a vertical strut Free end of the diagonal strut leading to the vertical strut as well as with vertical pins that are arranged with dimensions that match the securing holes.

The bracket attachment with wedge heads, some of which are known per se, with a support surface abutting above and below the perforated disc and wedge bracing, even with loosely inserted wedge, offers particularly great security against undesired falling of parts and, above all, in connection with the connection secured between the console scaffold floors and the pins Horizontal support element an overall scaffold part design which is significantly improved in overall strength and overall rigidity. Thanks to the special wedge head design for the connection to the handle, the loose handle system in the lower strut area can be used successfully in a stable manner.

Essential parts of the inventive idea are also realized by the fact that the support of the ends of the scaffold floors associated with a pair of stems and on both sides of the vertical plane common to the two stems is spaced apart considerably (distance 75) such that the support on the by means of wedge heads on the stems Perforated disks cantilever parts fixed in a particularly tilt-resistant manner lead to a tannery-beam-like design of the respective floor section.

Further advantageous configurations, features, advantages, details and aspects of the invention, in particular those required in accordance with the safety regulations of all countries with highly developed construction technology (DIN 4420) Lifting safeguards and support element designs, such as for support bolts and / or consoles, as well as the designs for the simultaneous use of standard scaffolding floors of different systems (combination locks), are in their adaptations to the designs according to the invention from the further claims and the following description part dealt with by means of the drawings.

Fig. 1

Ein teilweise schematisiertes Schrägbiid eines Gerüstfeldes mit einer auf einer ersten Standhöhe vorgesehenen Gerüstboden-Anordnung, mit Horizontal-Tragriegel, wobei die Gerüstrastermaße einem Gerüstsystem entsprechen, welches üblicherweise mit Lochscheiben an den Stielen und mittels Keilen gesicherten Keilköpfen entspricht, bei dem Gerüstböden mit in den Ecken vorgesehenen Fixierungsbohrungen verwendet sind, die mit Hilfe von vertikalen Stiften an den Rändern des Horizontal-Tragriegels gesichert werden, wie sie sonst nur bei Gerüstsystemen mit tassenartiger Verbindung zwischen Horizontal-Tragriegel und Stiel üblich sind, wobei sich ein aus der Maßdifferenz vorhandender Gerüstelemente ergebender Zwischenraum zwischen den Enden der Gerüstböden ergibt;

Fig. 2

ein weiter vergrößertes Teil-Schrägbild des Horizontal-Tragriegels gemäß Fig. 1, wobei die Enden zweier Gerüstböden und der Anschluß-Übergang zu den Lochscheiben der Vertikal-Stiele dargestellt sind, um die Struktur von Riegel, Gerüstböden und Einhängung zu zeigen

Fig. 3

ein teilweise übertrieben vergrößert dargestelltes Teil-Schrägbild der Tragstruktur-Element-Anordnung zur Veranschaulichung der auf die Lochscheibe und den Stiel wirkenden Stützkräfte bei einseitiger Auflage von lastbeanspruchten Gerüstböden auf dem Horizontal-Tragriegel bzw. bei einer ungleichmäßigen Lastverteilung der Gerüstböden beidseitig des Horizontal-Tragriegels;

Fig. 4

einen teilweise übertrieben vergrößert dargestellten Teil-Schnitt der Lochscheibe und des Keilkopfes gemäß Fig. 3 im Bereich der Anlagefläche am Stiel mit den vom Keilkopf auf die Lochscheibe und auf den (nicht gezeigten) Stiel wirkenden Stützkräften;

Fig. 5

die Anordnung gemäß Fig. 2 in einer Gestaltung, bei der neben den Enden zweier weiterer Gerüstböden ein Überbrückungs- und Abhubsicherungs-Element dargestellt ist, wobei dieses unterseitige Haken aufweist, die in Öffnungen des Horizontal-Tragriegels eingreifen und wobei durch Horizontalverschiebung und Rückschubsicherung unbeabsichtigtes Lösen verhindert werden kann. Die Rückschubsicherung erfolgt in üblicher Weise mit einer Klappe;

Fig. 6

eine vergrößerte Schrägbild-Schnitt-Darstellung eines Überbrückungs- und Abhubsicherungs-Elementes mit Sicherungshaken gemäß Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

ein Schrägbild eines Überbrückungs- und Abhubsicherungs-Elementes mit Verstärkungs-Doppelsteg und korrespondierendem Biege-Verstärkungs- und Sicherungsblech des Horizontal-Tragriegels für Gerüstböden an Gerüsten gemäß den vorstehenden Figuren;

Fig. 8

eine Schrägbild-Darstellung einer Gerüstelement-Gestaltung mit zwei Stielteilen, vier Gerüstböden und einem Gerüstboden-Tragriegel mit Stiftsicherung, wobei die Gerüstelemente in ihren Längsabmessungen an die Gerüstelemente anderer Hersteller derart angepaßt sind, daß Horizontal-Tragriegel mit geringerer, in einer den üblichen Dimensionen entsprechend ausgebildeten Gestaltung verwendet werden können, bei denen nur ein schmaler Schlitz für den Durchgriff des Abhubsicherungs-Mittels zwischen den einander zugewandten Enden der in Längserstreckung zueinander liegenden Gerüstböden vorgesehen sind;

Fig. 9

ein weiter vergrößertes Teil-Schnittbild des Horizontal-Tragriegels gemäß Fig. 8, wobei die Enden zweier Gerüstböden und der Anschluß-Übergang zu den Lochscheiben der Vertikal-Stiele dargestellt sind, um die Struktur von Riegel, Gerüstböden und Einhängung zu zeigen;

Fig. 10

die Anordnung gemäß Fig. 9 in einer Gestaltung, bei der neben den Enden zweier weiterer Gerüstböden ein Überbrückungs- und Abhubsicherungs-Element dargestellt ist, wobei dieses unterseitige Haken aufweist, die in Öffnungen des Horizontal-Tragriegels eingreifen und wobei durch Horizontalverschiebung und Rückschubsicherung unbeabsichtigtes Lösen verhindert werden kann. Die Rückschubsicherung erfolgt in üblicher Weise mit einer Klappe;

Fig. 11

eine vergrößerte Schrägbild-Schnitt-Darstellung eines Überbrückungs- und Abhubsicherungs-Elementes mit Sicherungshaken gemäß Fig. 10;

Fig. 12

eine Darstellung eines Horizontal-Tragriegels, bei dem der Zwischenraum zwischen den Gerüstboden-Enden durch eine auf Gerüstbodenhöhe liegende, in das Profil des Horizontalriegels integrierte Fläche dargestellt ist, wobei nur schmale Schlitze zwischen der hutförmigen Erhebung und den Gerüstbodenenden verbleiben, so daß auch nur Teilflächen überdeckende Abhubsicherungsmittel eingesetzt werden können;

Fig. 13

das Profil mit den wesentlichen Elementen für einen Horizontal-Trag-Übergangs-Riegel, bei dem auf der einen Seite ein Gerüstboden mit Krallen und auf der anderen Seite ein Gerüstboden mit Durchgangs-Fixieröffnungen für Vertikalstifte aufgelegt werden können, wobei auch für diese Annordnung Überbrückungs- und Abhubsicherungs-Elemente der vorgenannten Art verwendet werden können.

Fig. 14

einen Querschnitt durch den Gerüstriegel nach Fig. 8 mit im Anschlußbereich zylindrischen Vertikalstiften;

Fig. 15

eine der Fig. 12 entsprechende Darstellung, bei der die Vertikalstifte im Anschlußbereich eingezogen gestaltet sind, so daß sich ein geringerer Stiftabstand bzw. eine größere Tragriegel-Rohr-Breite technologisch günstig realisieren läßt;

Fig. 16

ein der Fig. 1 entsprechendes Schrägbild, bei dem eine Konsole auf derselben Ebene wie die zwischen den Stielen liegenden Konsolen-Gerüstböden vorgesehen ist;

Fig. 17

ein weiter vergrößertes Teil-Schrägbild der Konsole gemäß Fig. 16, wobei das Ende eines Konsolen-Gerüstbodens und der Anschluß-Übergang zu der Lochscheibe des Vertikal-Stieles dargestellt sind, um die Struktur von Konsole, Konsolen-Gerüstböden und Einhängung zu zeigen;

Fig. 18

ein teilweise übertrieben vergrößert dargestelltes Teil-Schrägbild der Stütz-Element-Anordnung zur Veranschaulichung der auf die Lochscheibe und den Stiel wirkenden Stützkräfte bei einseitiger Auflage von lastbeanspruchten Konsolen-Gerüstböden auf dem Horizontal-Stützelement bzw. bei einer ungleichmäßigen Lastverteilung der Konsolen-Gerüstböden beidseitig des Stütz-Elementes;

Fig. 19

eine Draufsicht auf ein teilweise schematisiertes Gerüstfeld gemäß Fig. 16 mit Gerüstböden beiderseits des Horizontal-Tragriegels und Konsolen-Gerüstböden beiderseits des Horizontal-Stützelementes, wobei zur Überbrückung des Spaltes zwischen den Gerüstböden und den Konsolen-Gerüstböden jeweils ein Überbrückungs-Element vorgesehen ist. Zur Verhinderung des Abhebens sowohl der Gerüstböden und der Konsolen-Gerüstböden als auch der Überbrückungselemente sind gerüst- und konsolenseitig Überbrückungs- und Abhubsicherungs-Elemente vorgesehen. Diese weisen unterseitige Haken auf, die in Öffnungen des Horizontal-Tragriegels bzw. des Horizontal-Stützelementes eingreifen, wobei durch Horizontalverschiebung und Rückschubsicherung unbeabsichtigtes Lösen verhindert werden kann. Die Rückschubsicherung erfolgt in üblicher Weise mit einer Klappe;

Fig. 20

ein Teil-Schnittbild entlang der Schnittkante A-A in Fig. 19, wobei nicht alle Elemente der Konsole dargestellt sind.

Fig. 21

einen Teil-Schnitt entlang der Schnittkante B-B in Fig. 19.

Exemplary embodiments and variants of the invention are explained below. Show it:

Fig. 1

A partially schematic inclined picture of a scaffold bay with a scaffold floor arrangement provided at a first stand height, with horizontal support bars, the scaffold dimensions corresponding to a scaffold system, which usually corresponds to perforated disks on the stems and wedge heads secured by wedges, with the scaffold floors in the corners provided fixing holes are used, which are secured with the help of vertical pins on the edges of the horizontal support bar, as they are otherwise only common with scaffolding systems with a cup-like connection between the horizontal support bar and stem, with a space resulting from the difference in dimensions of existing scaffolding elements the ends of the scaffold floors;

Fig. 2

a further enlarged partial oblique view of the horizontal support bar according to FIG. 1, the ends of two scaffolding floors and the connection transition to the perforated disks of the vertical posts are shown to show the structure of the bolt, scaffolding floors and suspension

Fig. 3

a partially exaggerated partial oblique view of the support structure element arrangement to illustrate the supporting forces acting on the perforated disc and the handle with one-sided support of load-bearing scaffold floors on the horizontal support bar or with an uneven load distribution of the scaffold floors on both sides of the horizontal support bar;

Fig. 4

a partially exaggerated partial section of the perforated disc and the wedge head according to FIG 3 in the area of the contact surface on the stem with the supporting forces acting from the wedge head on the perforated disc and on the stem (not shown).

Fig. 5

2 in a design in which, in addition to the ends of two further scaffolding decks, a bridging and lift-off protection element is shown, this having hooks on the underside, which engage in openings in the horizontal support bar and wherein unintentional loosening by horizontal displacement and push-back protection can be prevented. The push-back protection is done in the usual way with a flap;

Fig. 6

an enlarged oblique cross-sectional view of a bridging and lift-off element with safety hook according to FIG. 5;

Fig. 7

an oblique view of a bridging and lift-off element with reinforcement double web and corresponding bending reinforcement and locking plate of the horizontal support bar for scaffolding floors on scaffolding according to the preceding figures;

Fig. 8

a perspective view of a scaffolding element design with two stem parts, four scaffolding floors and a scaffolding floor support bar with pin lock, the scaffolding elements are adapted in their longitudinal dimensions to the scaffolding elements of other manufacturers in such a way that horizontal support bars with less, in a the usual dimensions trained design can be used, in which only a narrow slot for the passage of the anti-lift means are provided between the mutually facing ends of the scaffolding floors lying in the longitudinal direction;

Fig. 9

a further enlarged partial sectional view of the horizontal support bar according to Figure 8, the ends of two scaffolding floors and the connection transition to the perforated disks of the vertical posts are shown to show the structure of the bolt, scaffolding floors and suspension;

Fig. 10

9 in a design in which, in addition to the ends of two further scaffolding decks, a bridging and lift-off securing element is shown, this having hooks on the underside which engage in openings in the horizontal support bar and inadvertent release by horizontal displacement and push-back protection can be prevented. The push-back protection is done in the usual way with a flap;

Fig. 11

an enlarged oblique sectional view of a bridging and lift-off element with safety hook according to FIG. 10;

Fig. 12

a representation of a horizontal support bar, in which the space between the ends of the scaffolding floor is represented by a surface which is at scaffolding floor height and is integrated into the profile of the horizontal bar, only narrow slots remaining between the hat-shaped elevation and the ends of the scaffolding floor, so that only partial areas covering anti-lifting devices can be used;

Fig. 13

the profile with the essential elements for a horizontal load-bearing transom, in which on one side a scaffold floor with claws and on the other side a scaffold floor with through-fixing openings for vertical pins can be placed, whereby also for this arrangement bridging and anti-lift elements of the aforementioned type can be used.

Fig. 14

a cross section through the scaffold latch according to FIG 8 with cylindrical vertical pins in the connection area.

Fig. 15

a representation corresponding to FIG. 12, in which the vertical pins are drawn in in the connection area, so that a smaller pin spacing or a larger support bar tube width can be implemented in a technologically favorable manner;

Fig. 16

an oblique image corresponding to Figure 1, in which a console is provided on the same level as the console scaffolding floors lying between the stems;

Fig. 17

a further enlarged partial oblique view of the console according to Figure 16, showing the end of a console scaffold base and the connection transition to the perforated disc of the vertical stem to show the structure of the console, console scaffold floors and suspension;

Fig. 18

a partially exaggerated partial oblique view of the support element arrangement to illustrate the supporting forces acting on the perforated disc and the handle with one-sided support of load-stressed console scaffolding floors on the horizontal support element or with an uneven load distribution of the console scaffolding floors on both sides of the Support element;

Fig. 19

16 with scaffold floors on both sides of the horizontal support bar and console scaffold floors on both sides of the horizontal support element, with a bridging element being provided to bridge the gap between the scaffold floors and the console scaffold floors. To prevent lifting of the scaffold floors and the console scaffold floors as well as the bridging elements, bridging and lift-off protection elements are provided on the scaffold and console side. These have hooks on the underside which engage in openings in the horizontal support bar or the horizontal support element, wherein unintentional loosening can be prevented by horizontal displacement and push-back protection. The push-back protection is done in the usual way with a flap;

Fig. 20

a partial sectional view along the cutting edge AA in Fig. 19, wherein not all elements of the console are shown.

Fig. 21

a partial section along the cutting edge BB in Fig. 19.

The frame 30 has stems 31.1 and 31.2, which are supported in the usual way on starting pieces 32.1 and 32.2. These in turn are supported on support feet 34.1 and 34.2 which can be adjusted with nuts 33.1 and 33.2. In the usual way, horizontal longitudinal bars 35 and horizontal transverse bars 36, also referred to as horizontal bars, and also diagonal bars 37, also referred to as diagonal bars, are provided. These scaffolding elements are often provided on the scaffolding in the usual way. To support the scaffold floors 40.1 ... 4 of the first scaffold level 42, an unusually wide horizontal support bar 45 is provided, which with the aid of wedges 47.1 and 47.2 which are provided at the ends with wedge heads 46.1 and 46.2 on the perforated disks 48.1 and 48.2 of the stems 31.1 and 31.2 is wedged in the manner usual with such scaffolding. This extremely stable connection, which is also secure against tilting forces and which introduces the forces occurring directly into the stem tube with the head end surfaces, is illustrated in more detail with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

The horizontal support bar 45 has a flat base support plate 50 and end pin support walls 51.1 and 51.2. Cross struts 52 under the floor support plate 50 form a structured, rigid element with an essentially box-shaped horizontal bar support tube 53, at the ends 54.1 and 54.2 of which the wedge heads 46.1 and 46.2 are preferably fastened by welding. All components usually exist for bulk goods used steel scaffolding. They can also be made of light metal for the particularly expensive light metal frameworks, which are, however, inexpensive for quick transport and for quick assembly and disassembly.

The scaffold floors 40.1 and 40.2, which are shown in FIG. 2, have, just like the scaffold floors 40.3 and 40.4, at a distance from their shorter end face 55 and from the longitudinal side vertical surfaces 56, at approximately the same distance, with securing holes or passage -Fixing openings 57.1 and 57.2 designed floor support means. These are usually designed with vertical sleeves 58. Wood can be used as scaffolding floor material, but also conventional materials for scaffolding floors formed from metal or composite materials. The dimensions of the scaffold floor elements as well as for the arrangement of the through-fixing openings 57.1 and 57.2 as well as their distances from one another and from the end faces of the scaffold floors correspond to the scaffolding system to which they usually belong and the dimensions of the horizontal support bar are in accordance with those otherwise used To design scaffolding components.

With a support surface part 59, the respective end 60 of the scaffold floor 40 lies on the support surface 61 of the scaffold support bar 45 or its upper base support plate 50, so that the vertical forces are transferred by simple support. To secure the position Vertical pins 65 are provided. These are welded to the outside of the pin-supporting walls 51.1 and 51.2 with their lower fastening ends 66 or are shaped in some other way by shaping them.

The free receiving length 67 over the support surface 61 is slightly less or at most equal to the height 68 of the tread 69 of the scaffolding floor 40 over the support surface 61. Their upper ends 70 are tapered slightly in the usual way in order to insert them into the through-fixing openings 57 facilitate. Their fastening ends 66 have a fastening length 73 which, in accordance with the customary dimensions and designs, permits fastening which is favorable in terms of production technology and which corresponds to the force conditions, or which can serve as a transition region for a formative formation in a non-cutting shaping process.

Fig. 3 illustrates the transfer of force from a, due to the stress 3, bent scaffolding floor 40 on the stem 31. The relatively precisely arranged vertical sleeve 58 is supported in the area of the upper end 70 of the vertical pin 65 at the upper pin force application point 6 on one side and in the area of the fastening end 66 of the vertical pin 65 at the lower pin force application point 7 on the opposite side, so that a relatively large pin support distance 5 between the two counter-acting pin support forces 8 and 9 of the applied moment 10 is to be considered.

Due to the non-positive and positive connection between the scaffold floor 40 and the vertical pin 65, the stress 3 can be transferred in a moment 1 about the axis 49 of the wedge head 46. This is supported with its upper and lower head parts 19 and 20 on the one hand in the relatively snugly designed horizontal slot 24 on the perforated disk 48 and on the other hand via the radius 23, upper and lower contact support surface 21 and 22 on the stem 31 positive and non-positive.

As shown in Fig. 4, the upper head part 19 is supported with its upper inner limit 24.1 on one side of the wedge head 46 at the upper perforated disk force application point 13 with the upper perforated disk supporting force 11, while on the opposite side of the wedge head 46 supports the lower head part 20 with its lower inner limit 24.2 at the lower perforated disk force application point 14 with the lower perforated disk supporting force 12. These supporting forces act on the perforated disc at the effective horizontal distance 4.

Because of the form-fitting design (radius 23) of the upper and lower with respect to the stem 31 Contact support surface 21 and 22, the wedge head 46 is also supported on one side with its upper head part 19 at the upper tangential force application point 17 with the upper tangential head part supporting force, while on the opposite side the lower head part is supported 20 at the lower tangential force application point 18 with the lower tangential head support force. These supporting forces act on the stem 31 at the effective vertical distance 29.

In addition to supporting the wedge head 46 at the abovementioned support points, it is also supported with the upper, radial head part supporting force 25 at the upper radial force application point 27 and with the lower radial head part supporting force 26 at the lower radial force application point 28, the distance 2 being assigned to the two radial force application points (FIG. 4).

The particularly advantageous design of the wedge head 46 in conjunction with the large effective distances between the supporting force application points on the perforated disk 48 (horizontal distance 4) and in particular on the handle 31 (vertical distance 2 and distance 29) leads to an optimal force. and torque transmission to the stick, with the result that larger static and dynamic loads can be borne or that the corresponding scaffolding parts can be dimensioned in a weight-optimized manner.

The horizontal support bar 45 has drain openings 84 on its underside, so that a drain option for fluid media during surface treatment or for rainwater is created.

To bridge the gap 76 between the ends 60 of the scaffolding floors 40.1... 4 supported on the two sides of the horizontal support bar 45 and to prevent them from lifting off, a lift-off protection means 95 is provided with a bridging and lift-off protection plate 80, the support ends of which 81 with a support length 82 on the scaffolding floors 40.1 ... 4. In the middle, securing hooks 85 are attached on their underside, which engage in securing openings 86 with an elongated hole character. The hook ends 87 of the securing hooks 85 lie below the support surface 88 of the horizontal support bar 45 when the bridging and lift-off securing plate 80 is displaced in the direction of the securing opening 86 running transversely to the longitudinal extension of the scaffolding floor, so that it lies in the anti-lift securing position , as it results from DE 30 20 389 C2. Various auxiliary elements can be provided for securing against retraction. The known solution with a securing flap 89, which is fastened with the aid of a hinge joint 90 and is supported by means of its slot 91 on the inner wedge surface 92 of the respective wedge 47, is particularly advantageous, thus preventing the pushback in a known manner.

Another design in a kinematic reversal with the same securing principle is shown in FIG. 7. For this purpose, a bending reinforcement and locking plate 93 protruding from the base support plate 50 of the horizontal support bar 45 are provided with a hook slot 94 and an above-lying engagement or insertion opening 97. On the other hand, below the bridging and anti-lift-off plate 80, a double-bar arrangement 98, which can also be designed as a U-profile, with a receiving opening 99 for receiving the locking plate 93, is designed downward, displacement-securing pins 96 being attached at suitable locations.

With this arrangement, push-back securing means of various types can also be provided, in particular with the aid of the securing flap 89.

8-10 show a design which is similar in structure and arrangement of the scaffolding elements, in which their longitudinal dimensions are adapted to the scaffolding elements of other manufacturers in such a way that horizontal support bolts with a smaller design can be used in a design which corresponds to the usual dimensions , in which only a narrow space 176 is provided for the passage of the anti-lift device 95 between the mutually facing ends 155 of the scaffold floors 140.1.. are. To prevent the scaffolding floors 140.1... 4 from lifting off, a lift-off protection means 95 with a bridging and lift-off protection plate 80 is provided in the same manner as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.

This design also has the advantageous principles of modular scaffolding systems with perforated disks and wedge heads with their supporting end faces directly supporting the tubes of the stems and wedge-head elements with inserted wedges lying above and below with respect to the disk.

FIG. 12 shows an improved design of a horizontal support bar 245 with a hat-shaped upper side with regard to the absorption of tilting forces about the scaffold floor longitudinal axis. The horizontal support bar has an upper, supporting or delimiting surface 262 and parallel, deeper on both sides of the horizontal support bar 245 Contact surfaces 263.1 and 263.2 of pin and pad supports 264.1 and 264.2. The boundary surface 262 lies approximately at the same height 276 as the surface 277 of the scaffold floors 240.1 and 240.2 so that the distance 278 of the upper boundary surface 262 from the support surface 263 corresponds approximately to the thickness 279 of the scaffold floors 240. Between the upper boundary surface 262 and the support surfaces 263 are approximately perpendicular to these surfaces and parallel to the end faces 255 of the Scaffolding floors 240 extending end boundary surfaces 270.1 and 270.2 are provided. To secure the position, vertical pins 265 extending substantially upward are provided in the region of the outwardly pointing ends 271.2 and 271.2 of the horizontal sift and base support supports 264, which advantageously extend in precisely fitting through holes 272 of the sift and base support supports 24.1 and 264.2 . The vertical pins 265 are fastened in the region of their lower fastening ends 266 to the pin and pad support supports 264, preferably by means of welding. The free receiving length 267 above the contact surface 263 is somewhat less or at most equal to the height 268 of the running surface of the scaffolding floors 240 above the contact surface 263.

The remaining features of the horizontal support bar 245 correspond essentially to the variant described first. Correspondingly, transverse struts 252 are provided under the upper boundary surface 262, which form a structured, rigid element with the pin and covering support supports 264 and a substantially box-shaped horizontal bar support tube 253, with wedge heads preferably being carried out at the ends in the usual manner Weld are attached.

In the context of the increasing use of modular scaffolding from different manufacturers and different dimensions and in individual connection areas of differently designed scaffolding elements, it may or may be advisable to provide part of the scaffolding with scaffolding floors 339 which open upwards with claws or claws 343 provided at the end Support horizontal support legs 344, while directly adjacent with their support surface part 359 on the horizontal support surface 361 resting scaffolding floors 340 are provided with spaced through-fixing openings 357.1 and 357.2, which are preferably with supportive, force-transmitting and good Vertical sleeves 358 enabling use conditions are equipped. Such a horizontal support bar 345 is shown schematically in FIG. 13 with its two different scaffold frame floors 339 and 340 and connection devices. At its rear end 354, a wedge head 346 of the scaffolding system described in more detail here is shown with perforated disks 348 and push-through wedges 347. Here, however, a fastening device can also be provided for other basic scaffolding systems that matches the node element of the other scaffolding system.

The vertical pins can be designed in the connection area to the horizontal support bolt in different ways to meet the different requirements and to take into account the structural conditions of scaffolding basic systems. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, cylindrically shaped vertical pins 463 can be provided on the one hand in the area of their fastening ends 464. On the other hand, preferably semi-cylindrical vertical pins 465 can be provided in the area of their fastening ends 466, so that a smaller pin spacing 416 or a larger width 418 of the horizontal bar 445 with its horizontal bar support tube 453 can be realized in a technologically favorable manner. The vertical pins 463 and 465 are welded to the pin supporting walls 449.1 and 449.2 or 451.1 and 451.2 on the outside with their lower fastening ends 464 and 466 or are pronounced in another manner by a shaping design.

A bracket 500 with a wedge head 46.3 is engaged on the perforated disk 48.2 located at the front in FIG. 16. The console 500 has a horizontal support element 501, which has a vertical strut 502, which is fastened to the wedge head end 554.1 and runs approximately perpendicular to the horizontal support element 501, and one which leads from the free end or free end 554.2 to the vertical strut 502, in particular to its end 504 Inclined strut 503 is equipped. The end 504 of the oblique strut 503 lies loosely on the outside of the tube 505 of the stem 31.2, while the wedge 47.3 the wedge head 46.3 in the usual manner on the disk 48.2 specifies. At the free end 554.2 of the horizontal support element 501, a short vertical tube 506 is fixed vertically with a weld seam 507 and has a thinner upper tube part 508 with a transverse hole 509 for attaching further scaffolding elements, in particular stem elements.

Just like the scaffolding floors 140.1 ... 4, the console scaffolding floors 140.5 and 140.6 have corresponding through-fixing openings in size and arrangement and are attached in the usual way.

Here, too, it has a particularly favorable effect that the console scaffolding floor 140, which often carries large loads on its own, in particular in the event of deflection, can be supported on the vertical pins 65 with its through-holes 58 provided with vertical sleeves 58 and thus a particularly good transfer of force from the console scaffolding floor 140 on the handle 31 with the help of the wedge head 46 and its upper and lower bearing support surfaces 21 and 22 of the upper and lower head parts 19 and 20 (Fig. 18). The mechanism of the force transmission takes place as explained above using the example of a claimed scaffold floor with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

The horizontal support element 501 has a flat base support plate 550 and end support walls 551.1 and 551.2. The horizontal support element 501 is formed with an essentially box-shaped support element support tube 553, to the wedge head end 554.1 of which the wedge head 46.3 is preferably fastened by welding. All components are usually made of sheet steel for the scaffolding used as bulk goods. They can also be made of light metal for the particularly expensive light metal frameworks, which are, however, inexpensive for quick transport and for quick assembly and disassembly.

The console scaffold floors 140.5 and 140.6, which are shown in FIG. 20, have the same as the scaffold floors 140.1 ... 4 at a distance from their shorter end face 155 and from the longitudinal vertical surfaces 156 through-fixing holes 57.1 which are at approximately the same distance and 57.2. These are usually designed with vertical sleeves 58. Wood can be used as scaffolding floor material, but also conventional materials for scaffolding floors formed from metal or composite materials. The dimensions of the scaffold floor elements as well as for the arrangement of the through-fixing openings 57.1 and 57.2 and their distances from one another and from the end faces of the scaffold floors correspond to the scaffolding system to which they are attached Usually belong and the dimensions of the horizontal support bar are to be designed according to the scaffolding components otherwise used.

With a support surface part 159, the respective end 160 of the console scaffold floors 140.5 and 140.6 lies on the support surface 561 of the horizontal support element 501 or its upper base support plate 550, so that the vertical forces are transferred by simple support. Vertical pins 65 are provided to secure the position. These are welded to the outside of the pin supporting walls 551.1 and 551.2 with their lower fastening ends 66 or are otherwise shaped by a shaping design.

The free receiving length 67 over the bearing surface 561 is slightly less than or at most equal to the height 68 of the tread 169 of the scaffolding floors 140.5 and 140.6 above the bearing surface 561. Their upper ends 70 are tapered slightly in the usual manner in order to insert them into the through-fixing openings 57 to facilitate. Their fastening ends 66 have a fastening length 73 which, in accordance with the usual dimensions and designs, permits fastening which is favorable in terms of production technology and corresponding to the force conditions, or which can serve as a transition region for a formative formation in a non-cutting forming process.

The horizontal support element 501 has drain openings 584 on its underside, so that a drainage possibility for fluid media during surface treatment or for rainwater is created.

In order to bridge the gap 176 between the ends 160 of the console scaffold floors 140.5 and 140.6 supported on the two sides of the horizontal support element 501 and to prevent them from lifting off, an anti-lift device 595 with a lock-up and anti-lift plate 580 is provided, the support ends of which 581 with a support length 582 on the console scaffold floors 140.5 and 140.6. In the middle there are securing hooks 585 on their underside which engage in securing openings 586 with an elongated hole character. The hook ends 587 of the securing hooks 585 lie below the supporting surface 588 of the horizontal supporting element 501 when the bridging and lift-off securing plate 580 is displaced in the direction of the securing opening 586 running transversely to the longitudinal extension of the scaffolding floors 140.5 and 140.6, so that it is in the lift-off securing Position is as it results from DE 30 20 389 C2. Various auxiliary elements can be provided for securing against retraction. The known solution with a safety flap 589, which is fastened with the aid of a hinge joint 590 and is secured by means of its slot 591 on the inner wedge surface 92 of the supports the respective wedge 47.3 and thus causes the push-back prevention in a known manner.

Advantageously, to limit the push-back of the bridging and lift-off securing plate 580, a stop plate 520 that extends predominantly normal to it can be provided at one end. For additional lateral fixing of the bridging and lift-off securing plate 580, this can have a predominantly perpendicular and normal to it double-bar or U-profile arrangement 598 at the end.

To bridge the gap 576 between the scaffold floors 140.1 and 140.3 on the one hand and the console scaffold floors 140.5 and 140.6 on the other hand, a bridging means 510 with a bridging plate 511 is provided in each case. At the end, this has a lift-off fixing tab 512, which, offset downward, engages under the two bridging and lift-off securing plates 80 and 580. The width 515 of the lift-off fixing tab 512 is smaller, and the width of the bridging plate 511 is greater than the lateral distance 514 between the scaffold floors 140.1 and 140.3 and the console scaffold floors 140.5 and 140.6.

Accordingly, the two anti-lift devices 95 and 595 effectively prevent not only the lifting of the scaffold floors 140.1 ... 4 and the console scaffold floors 140.5, 140.6, but also the lifting of the bridging means 510.

An important part of the description is given below:
The invention relates to a scaffold (30) or scaffold part with a support structure element arrangement, which forms a torsionally rigid spatial structure with the aid of supports (31), horizontal bars (35, 36, 45) and diagonal bars (37), and module grid dimensions in obey all three spatial directions as well as longitudinal connection grid dimensions for standard connection scaffolding floors (40.1 to 40.4). Horizontal support elements or support bars (45) are connected to node elements by means of a wedge (47) via wedge heads (46), which are plugged onto horizontally attached perforated disks (48) of the stems (31). The scaffold floors (40) are at least partially secured against displacement on horizontal support elements or support bars (45) by means of securing pins attached to them and are secured against lifting.

Reference symbol list:

1

moment

2nd

Vertical distance

3rd

Stress

4th

Horizontal distance

5

Pen distance

6

lower pin force application point

7

upper pin force application point

8th

lower pin support force

9

upper pin support force

10th

moment

11

upper perforated disc support force

12th

lower perforated disc support force

13

upper perforated disc force application point

14

lower perforated disc force application point

15

upper tangential head support force

16

lower tangential head support

17th

upper point of tangential force

18th

lower tangential force application point

19th

upper headboard

20th

lower headboard

21

upper support surface

22

lower support surface

23

radius

23.1

"

23.2

"

24th

Horizontal slot

24.1

upper inner limit

24.2

lower inner limit

25th

upper radial head support

26

lower radial head support

27

upper force point of application

28

lower force point of application

29

distance

30th

framework

31

stalk

31.1

"

31.2

"

32.1

Initial piece

32.2

"

33.1

mother

33.2

"

34.1

Support leg

34.2

"

35

Horizontal longitudinal bar

36

Horizontal crossbar

37

Diagonal bar

40

Scaffolding floor

40.1

"

40.2

"

40.3

"

40.4

"

40.5

Console scaffolding floor

40.6

"

42

first scaffolding level

45

Horizontal support bar

46

Wedge head

46.1

"

46.2

"

46.3

"

47

wedge

47.1

"

47.2

"

47.3

"

48

Perforated disc

48.1

Perforated disc

48.2

"

49

axis

50

Floor support plate

51

Pen support wall

51.1

Pen support wall

51.2

"

52

Cross strut

53

Horizontal bar support tube

54.1

End of 53

54.2

"

55

End face

56

Longitudinal vertical surface

57

Through fixing opening

57.1

"

57.2

"

58

Vertical sleeve

59

Support surface part

60

End of 40

61

Contact surface

65

Vertical pin

66

Fastening end

67

free recording length

68

height

69

Tread

70

upper end of 65

73

Fixing length

75

distance

76

Space

80

Bridging and lift-off protection plate

81

Edition end

82

Support length

83

Overall width

84

Drain opening

85

Safety hook

86

Safety opening

87

Hook end

88

Support surface

89

Safety flap

90

Hinge joint

91

slot

92

Wedge surface

93

Bending reinforcement and locking plate

94

Hook slot

95

Anti-counterfeiting funds

96

Move locking pin

97

Insertion opening

98

Double bridge arrangement

99

Opening opening

130

framework

140

Scaffolding floor

140.1

"

140.2

"

140.3

"

140.4

"

140.5

Console scaffolding floor

140.6

"

145

Horizontal support bar

150

Floor support plate

151.1

Pen support wall

151.2

"

153

Horizontal bar support tube

154.1

End of 153

154.2

"

155

End face

156

Longitudinal vertical surface

159

Contact surface part

160

End of 140

161

Contact surface

168

height

169

Tread

175

distance

176

Space

184

Drain opening

186

Safety opening

188

Support surface

240

Scaffolding floor

240.1

Scaffolding floor

240.2

"

245

Horizontal support bar

252

Cross strut

253

Horizontal bar support tube

255

End faces of 240

262

Boundary surface

263

Contact surface

263.1

Contact surface

263.2

"

264

Pen and pad support

264.1

Pen and pad support

264.2

"

265

Vertical pin

266

Fastening end

267

free recording length

268

height

270.1

Forehead boundary surface

270.2

"

271.1

The End

271.2

"

272

Through hole

276

height

277

surface

278

distance

279

Thickness of 240

339

Scaffolding floor

340

Scaffolding floor

343

claw

344

Horizontal support leg

345

Horizontal support bar

353

Horizontal bar tube

354

End of 353

357

Through fixing opening

357.1

Through fixing opening

357.2

"

358

Vertical sleeve

359

Support surface part

361

Contact surface

365

Vertical pin

415

Pin spacing

416

Pin spacing

417

Width of 423

418

Width of 453

423

Horizontal bar support tube

444

Horizontal support bar

445

Horizontal support bar

449

Pen support wall

449.1

Pen support wall

449.2

"

451

Pen support wall

451.1

Pen support wall

451.2

"

453

Horizontal bar support tube

462

Width of 453

463

Vertical pin

464

Fastening end

465

Vertical pin

466

Fastening end

500

console

501

Horizontal support element

502

Vertical strut

503

Diagonal strut

504

End of 503

505

pipe

506

Vertical tube

507

Weld

508

upper tube part

509

Cross hole

510

Bridging Agent

511

Bridging plate

512

Lift-fixation tab

513

Width of 511

514

Lateral distance

515

Width of 512

520

Stop tab

550

Floor support plate

551

Pen support wall

551.1

Pen support wall

551.2

"

553

Supporting element support tube

554.1

Wedge head end of 553

554.2

Free end of 553

561

Contact surface

576

Space

580

Bridging and lift-off protection plate

581

Edition end

582

Support length

583

Overall width

584

Drain opening

585

Safety hook

586

Safety opening

587

Hook end

588

Support surface

589

Safety flap

590

Hinge joint

591

slot

595

Anti-counterfeiting funds

598

Double bridge arrangement

Claims (35)

Scaffolding (30) with a support structure element arrangement, a torsionally rigid space structure being formed with the help of supports (31), horizontal bars (35, 36, 45) and diagonal bars (37), and optionally brackets (500) and, if necessary, removable scaffolding floors ( 40, 140, 240, 339, 340) are provided at the level of the work surfaces and the scaffold (30) module grid dimensions in all three spatial directions and longitudinal connection grid dimensions for the scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) obey and the width grid dimension is selected according to the width of the person work space and the height grid dimension corresponds to a height module dimension for the variable subdivision of a person working height and the longitudinal grid dimension corresponds to the horizontal extent of a field size and the longitudinal connection grid dimensions are smaller than the longitudinal grid dimensions according to the design of the support element , with the following features: a. Horizontal support bars (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445) supported on the stems (31) are connected to node elements by means of a wedge (47) each; b. the scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) are supported on the horizontal support bars (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445); c. For supporting the scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) on the horizontal support bars (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445), floor support means and transom support means are provided; d. the scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) are secured against lifting and at least partially secured against displacement; e. the horizontal support bars (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445) have wedge heads (46) at their ends with horizontal slots (24) lying approximately halfway up to be placed on horizontally arranged perforated disks (48) of the handles (31 ) and for pushing through the wedges (47) through the head parts (19, 20) lying above and below the assigned perforated disk (48) and through the holes in the perforated disks (48) which, when the wedges (47) are inserted, cause mutual loosening prevent elements without manual intervention; f. the scaffold floors have cylindrical, vertically extending securing holes (57) at least partially in the area of their ends; G. vertical pins (65) with dimensions matching the securing holes (57) are arranged on the horizontal support bolts (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445); H. the vertical pins (65) are arranged in accordance with the hole spacing and the end face spacing from the securing holes (57) provided in the scaffolding floors (40, 140, 240, 340) and project over an upper bolt support surface of the horizontal support bolt (45, 145 , 245, 345, 444, 445); i. the vertical pins (65) protrude with a free receiving length (67) above the transom support surface which is somewhat smaller or at most equal to the thickness of the scaffold floor (40, 140, 240, 340) and / or its support area; k. the perforated edges of the scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 340) are designed as floor support surfaces for resting on the transom support surface; l. the scaffolding decks (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) are standard connecting scaffolding decks. Support structure element arrangement of a scaffold (30), which forms a torsionally rigid spatial structure with the help of supports (31), horizontal bars (35, 36, 45) and diagonal bars (37), and modular grid dimensions in all three spatial directions and longitudinal connection grid dimensions for scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) and where the width grid dimension is selected according to the width of the person's work space and the height grid dimension corresponds to a height module dimension for variable subdivision of a common person work height and the longitudinal grid dimension corresponds to the horizontal extension of a field size corresponds and the longitudinal connection grid dimensions are smaller than the longitudinal grid dimensions according to the design of the support element, with the following features: a. Horizontal support bars (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445) supported on the stems (31) are connected to node elements by means of a wedge (47) each; b. the scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) are supported on the horizontal support bars (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445); c. For supporting the scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) on the horizontal support bars (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445), floor support means and transom support means are provided; d. the scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) are secured against lifting and at least partially secured against displacement; e. the horizontal support bars (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445) have wedge heads (46) at their ends with horizontal slots (24) lying approximately halfway up to be placed on horizontally arranged perforated disks (48) of the handles (31 ) and for pushing through the wedges (47) through the head parts (19, 20) lying above and below the assigned perforated disk (48) and through the holes in the perforated disks (48) which, when the wedges (47) are inserted, cause mutual loosening prevent elements without manual intervention; f. the scaffold floors have cylindrical, vertically extending securing holes (57) at least partially in the area of their ends; G. vertical pins (65) with dimensions matching the securing holes (57) are arranged on the horizontal support bolts (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445); H. the vertical pins (65) are arranged in accordance with the hole spacing and the end face spacing from the securing holes (57) provided in the scaffolding floors (40, 140, 240, 340) and project over an upper bolt support surface of the horizontal support bolt (45, 145 , 245, 345, 444, 445); i. the vertical pins (65) protrude with a free receiving length (67) above the transom support surface which is somewhat smaller or at most equal to the thickness of the scaffold floor (40, 140, 240, 340) and / or its support area; k. the perforated edges of the scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 340) are designed as floor support surfaces for resting on the transom support surface; l. the scaffolding decks (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) are standard connecting scaffolding decks. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to claim 1 or 2.
characterized in that the horizontal support bar (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445) has clearance for receiving at least one anti-lifting device (95 covering the ends of the scaffolding floors (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) ) having. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to claim 1, 2 or 3,
characterized in that the anti-lift-off means (95) is designed with a bridging and anti-lift-off plate (80) which is equipped on the underside with vertical spacing parts and horizontal supporting and fixing leg parts. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the anti-lift means (95) is equipped with safety hooks (85) and safety flaps (89) at the end, as described in DE 30 20 389 C2. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to claim 4 or 5,
characterized in that the supporting and fixing leg parts are formed with at least one displacement locking pin (96) which runs essentially horizontally and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the horizontal support bar (45) and which engages in a hook-shaped engagement opening (97) which is open at the top of the horizontal support bar (45) engages. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of claims 1 to 6,
characterized in that the horizontal support bar (245) is formed with a support surface (262) lying approximately at the level of the running surface (69). Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to claim 7,
characterized in that the bridging and lift-off securing plate (80) is a thin sheet metal or continuous cast plate which is supported on the supporting surface (262) in at least larger areas and is equipped with securing hooks (85) for hanging and fixing . Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized in that the horizontal support bar (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445) has at least one vertical pin support wall (51, 151, 449, 451) to which the vertical pins (65) are attached. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of claims 1 to 9,
characterized in that the vertical pins (65) are arranged on both sides of the horizontal support bar (45, 145, 245, 444, 445). Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to claim 9 or 10,
characterized in that the vertical pins (65) at least partially overlap the pin support wall (51, 151, 449, 451). Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of claims 1 to 11,
characterized in that the horizontal support bar (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445) is designed with a horizontal bar support tube (53, 153, 253, 353, 423, 453) which has at least one drain opening on its underside ( 84, 184) for fluid media. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of claims 1 to 12,
characterized in that the floor support means contain vertically extending securing holes (57) in at least some of the scaffolding floors (340) in the region of their front ends, while in another part of the scaffolding floors (339) they contain claws (343) in the region of their front ends ; Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of claims 1 to 13,
characterized in that the transom support means on one side of the horizontal support bolt (345) with vertical pins (65) with dimensions matching the securing holes (57) and with transom support surfaces (361) for scaffold floors (340) with securing holes ( 57) are designed, while on another side of the horizontal support bar (345) the bar support means have bar support surfaces (341) for scaffold floors (339) with claws (343). Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to claim 14,
characterized in that the height of the two latch support surfaces (341, 361) is coordinated with one another in such a way that the running surfaces of the scaffolding floors (339) with claws and the running surfaces of the scaffolding floors (340) with securing holes lie approximately at the same height. Scaffold (30) or scaffold part with support structure element arrangement, wherein
a torsionally rigid space structure is formed with the help of supports (31), horizontal bars (35, 36, 45) and diagonal bars (37), and, if necessary, brackets and removable scaffolding floors (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) are provided at the level of the work surfaces are and where the scaffold (30) module grid dimensions in all three spatial directions and longitudinal grid dimensions for the scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) obey and the width grid dimension is selected according to the width of the personnel work space and the heights -Raster dimension corresponds to a height module dimension for variable subdivision of a working height and the longitudinal grid dimension corresponds to the horizontal extension of a field size and the longitudinal connection grid dimensions are smaller than the longitudinal grid dimensions according to the design of the support element, with the following features: a. Horizontal support bars (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445) supported on the stems (31) are connected to node elements by means of a wedge (47) each; b. the scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) are supported on the horizontal support bars (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445); c. For supporting the scaffolding floors (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) on the horizontal support bars (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445), floor support means and transom support means are provided; d. the scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) are secured against lifting and at least partially secured against displacement; e. the horizontal support bars (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445) have wedge heads (46) at their ends with horizontal slots (24) lying approximately halfway up to be placed on horizontally arranged perforated disks (48) of the handles (31 ) and for pushing through the wedges (47) through the head parts (19, 20) lying above and below the assigned perforated disk (48) and through the holes in the perforated disks (48) which, when the trowel (47) is inserted, cause mutual loosening prevent elements without manual intervention; f. the scaffold floors have cylindrical, vertically extending securing holes (57) at least partially in the area of their ends; G. vertical pins (65) with dimensions matching the securing holes (57) are arranged on the horizontal support bolts (45, 145, 245, 345, 444, 445); H. the vertical pins (65) are arranged in accordance with the hole spacing and the end face spacing from the securing holes (57) provided in the scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 340) and project over an upper bolt support surface of the horizontal support bolt (45, 145, 245 , 345, 444, 445); i. the vertical pins (65) protrude with a free receiving length (67) above the transom support surface which is somewhat smaller or at most equal to the thickness of the scaffold floor (40, 140, 240, 340) and / or its support area; k. the perforated edges of the scaffold floors (40, 140, 240, 340) are designed as floor support surfaces for resting on the transom support surface; l. the scaffolding decks (40, 140, 240, 339, 340) are standard connecting scaffolding decks. m. the support structure element arrangement is designed with brackets (500), each having a horizontal support element (501) with a wedge head (46.3) attached to one end (554.1) with a free end (554.2), with a Wedge-head end (554.1) fastened and resting on the stem (31), approximately perpendicular to the horizontal support element (501), vertical strut (502) and with an oblique strut (554.2) leading to the vertical strut (502) 503) and with vertical pins (65), which are arranged with dimensions matching the securing holes (57) of the scaffold or console scaffold floors (140.5, 140.6). Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to claim 16,
characterized in that the horizontal support element (501) has engagement spaces for receiving at least one anti-lifting device (595) covering the ends of the console scaffold floors (140.5, 140.6). Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to claim 16 or 17,
characterized in that the anti-lift-off means (595) is designed with a bridging and anti-lift-off plate (580) which is equipped on the underside with vertical spacing parts and horizontal supporting and fixing leg parts. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of claims 16 to 18,
characterized in that the anti-lift device (595) is equipped with safety hooks (585) and a safety flap (589) at the end, as described in DE 30 20 389 C2. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to claim 18 or 19,
characterized in that the supporting and fixing leg parts are formed with at least one sliding locking pin which runs essentially horizontally and perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the horizontal supporting element (501) and engages in a hook-shaped engagement opening of the horizontal supporting element (501) which is open at the top . Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of claims 16 to 20,
characterized in that the horizontal support element (501) is formed with a support surface lying approximately at the level of the running surface. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to claim 21,
characterized in that the bridging and lift-off securing plate (580) is a thin sheet metal or continuous cast plate which is supported on the supporting surface in at least larger areas and is equipped with securing hooks (585) for hanging and fixing. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of claims 18 to 22,
characterized in that the bridging and lift-off securing plate (580) has on the side pointing away from the securing flap (589) a stop tab (520) which is arranged approximately normal to the plane of the plate. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of claims 18 to 22,
characterized in that the anti-lift-off means (595) on the side pointing away from the safety flap (589) has a double web arrangement (598) running normal to the plate plane, the distance between the webs corresponding approximately to the diameter of the stems (31) . Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of claims 16 to 24,
characterized in that a bridging means (510) formed with a bridging plate (511) is provided for bridging the gap between the console scaffolding floors (140.5 and 140.6) and the opposite other scaffolding floors (140.1 and 140.3). Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to claim 25,
characterized in that the bridging means (510) is designed with a lift-off fixing tab (512) which on the one hand under the lift-off protection plate (580) of the lift-off protection means (595) and on the other hand under the lift-off protection plate (80) of the lift-off protection (95) engages. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to claim 26,
characterized in that the bridging means (510) is provided against lateral displacement by means of the lift-off fixing tab (512) provided between the mutually facing, lateral end faces of the console scaffold floors (140.5 and 140.6) and the opposite other scaffold floors (140.1 and 140.3) is secured. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of claims 16 to 27,
characterized in that the horizontal support element (501) has at least one vertical pin support wall (551) to which the vertical pins (65) are attached. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of Claims 16 to 28,
characterized in that the vertical pins (65) are arranged on both sides of the horizontal support element (501). Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to claim 28 or 29,
characterized in that the vertical pins (65) at least partially overlap the pin support wall (551). Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of claims 16 to 30,
characterized in that the horizontal support element (501) is designed with a support element support tube (553) which has at least one drain opening (584) for fluid media on its underside. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of Claims 16 to 31,
characterized in that the floor support means contain vertically extending securing holes (57) in at least some of the console scaffolding floors in the region of their front ends, while in another part of the console scaffolding floors they contain claws in the region of their front ends. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of Claims 16 to 32,
characterized in that the locking or support element support means on one side of the horizontal support element (501) with vertical pins (65) with dimensions matching the securing holes (57) and with support element support surfaces for console scaffolding floors with securing Holes (57) are designed, while on another side of the horizontal support element, the locking or support element support means have support element support surfaces for the console scaffold floors with claws. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to claim 33,
characterized in that the height of the two support element support surfaces is matched to one another such that the running surfaces of the console scaffolding floors with claws and the running surfaces of the console scaffolding floors with securing holes (57) lie approximately at the same height. Scaffolding or scaffolding part according to at least one of Claims 1 to 34,
characterized in that the support of the ends of scaffolding floors associated with a pair of stems (31.1; 31.2) and on both sides of the vertical plane common to the two stems is spaced apart considerably (distance 75) such that the support on the by means of wedge heads on the stem perforated disks cantilever-fixed parts of the cantilever leads to a tannery beam-like design of the respective floor section.

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