EP0255117A1 - Détecteur de fumée pour détection d'incendie à bref délai - Google Patents

Détecteur de fumée pour détection d'incendie à bref délai Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0255117A1
EP0255117A1 EP87110952A EP87110952A EP0255117A1 EP 0255117 A1 EP0255117 A1 EP 0255117A1 EP 87110952 A EP87110952 A EP 87110952A EP 87110952 A EP87110952 A EP 87110952A EP 0255117 A1 EP0255117 A1 EP 0255117A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
funnel
smoke detector
detector
neck
mouth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87110952A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Kaiser
Peer Dr.-Ing. Thilo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0255117A1 publication Critical patent/EP0255117A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/103—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device
    • G08B17/107—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using a light emitting and receiving device for detecting light-scattering due to smoke
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/10—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means
    • G08B17/11—Actuation by presence of smoke or gases, e.g. automatic alarm devices for analysing flowing fluid materials by the use of optical means using an ionisation chamber for detecting smoke or gas
    • G08B17/113—Constructional details

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a smoke detector for early fire detection with a measuring chamber located in a housing and a cover cap.
  • smoke detectors are mainly used, which either work according to the ionization principle or according to the scattered light principle.
  • the actual measuring system and the associated measuring chamber are protected within a housing, which is very often provided with a housing cover or cap.
  • the task of the housing is on the one hand to allow the smoke to penetrate as freely as possible, but on the other hand to shield as well as possible disturbing influences such as dust, extraneous light in the case of the scattered light detector or wind in the case of the ionization detector.
  • Particular difficulties arise in this case at low flow speeds, such as occur in smoldering fires, in order to smoke in the detector, i.e. into the measuring chamber. Below a certain air flow rate, the flow in the detector breaks down and the smoke is transported very slowly by diffusion. This has the disadvantage that swell fires in particular cannot be detected sufficiently early.
  • Automatic fire detectors have a variety of different housings for the penetration of smoke known, which are all based on the principle of a labyrinth, which significantly reduces the flow velocity in the detector compared to the flow velocity outside the detector. These detectors are either "open” to the outside and therefore suitable for low flow velocities, as is the case with swelling fires, but prone to failure. If the measuring chamber is more "closed” to the outside through the housing, the detector is safe against interference, but is very slow or insensitive to smoldering fires.
  • the object of the invention is to design a smoke detector described in the introduction in such a way that it has an improved penetration behavior or a higher sensitivity to smoldering fires and avoids the disadvantages described above.
  • the housing and the cover cap together form an air inlet opening which is formed by a funnel which is open to the outside and narrows towards the measuring chamber and has a grid.
  • the flow properties of the air are advantageously used, in particular if the funnel is rotationally symmetrical.
  • the funnel-shaped opening ensures that the air carrying the smoke is accelerated in the ratio of the cross sections from the funnel mouth to the funnel neck at low flow speeds. As a result, the smoke penetrates very quickly into the detector and thus into the measuring chamber. The critical speed limit at which the flow in the detector breaks down is not exceeded.
  • the detector therefore reacts very quickly to smoldering fires and is therefore very sensitive to smoldering fires.
  • Another advantage consists in that at high flow velocities at the edges of the narrow funnel neck, which brake the inflowing air, so that the flow in the funnel is not accelerated.
  • the funnel mouth is expediently provided with a large inlet cross section relative to the funnel neck, so that the advantages already mentioned above are achieved.
  • the grille which can be located either on the funnel mouth or a little further inside the detector on the funnel neck, serves on the one hand to keep out insects and extraneous light.
  • the grille has the advantage, especially if it is arranged on the funnel neck, that vortices also arise on the grille itself, which at high flow speeds brake the air passing through so much that the detector itself has a "slowly” flowing air as in conventional ones Notify.
  • Another advantage is also that in this way any dust particles carried in the air do not get into the measuring chamber, but rather are "thrown out” and deposited on the funnel walls.
  • a known labyrinth LAB is schematically shown in side view in section, as it is formed by lamellae LA.
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically the air inlet opening of a smoke detector according to the invention.
  • the parts of the detector which are not relevant to the invention, such as detector base, detector measuring system, have not been shown.
  • the measuring chamber MK is located inside the housing GH.
  • the housing GH or the detector is covered with the cover cap AK and thus also the measuring chamber MK.
  • the air inlet opening is formed by a rotationally symmetrical funnel T, which has a relatively large funnel mouth TM on the outside. Inside, the funnel neck TH is very small in relation to the funnel mouth.
  • the grid can either be on the funnel neck, designated g, or on the funnel mouth, designated G, or be arranged in between.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
EP87110952A 1986-07-31 1987-07-28 Détecteur de fumée pour détection d'incendie à bref délai Withdrawn EP0255117A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3625968 1986-07-31
DE3625968 1986-07-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0255117A1 true EP0255117A1 (fr) 1988-02-03

Family

ID=6306419

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87110952A Withdrawn EP0255117A1 (fr) 1986-07-31 1987-07-28 Détecteur de fumée pour détection d'incendie à bref délai

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0255117A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0717385A1 (fr) * 1994-12-12 1996-06-19 Hockiki Corporation Détecteur de fumée à lumière dispersée
DE10153461A1 (de) * 2001-10-30 2003-05-15 Abb Patent Gmbh Rauchdetektor
EP2395489A2 (fr) * 2010-06-09 2011-12-14 Dietmar F. Brück Dispositif de détection de fumée

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2370278A1 (fr) * 1976-11-04 1978-06-02 Solomon Elias Detecteur optique de fumee
DE2823582A1 (de) * 1978-05-30 1979-12-06 American District Telegraph Co Optischer rauchdetektor

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2370278A1 (fr) * 1976-11-04 1978-06-02 Solomon Elias Detecteur optique de fumee
DE2823582A1 (de) * 1978-05-30 1979-12-06 American District Telegraph Co Optischer rauchdetektor

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0717385A1 (fr) * 1994-12-12 1996-06-19 Hockiki Corporation Détecteur de fumée à lumière dispersée
DE10153461A1 (de) * 2001-10-30 2003-05-15 Abb Patent Gmbh Rauchdetektor
DE10153461B4 (de) * 2001-10-30 2004-01-29 Abb Patent Gmbh Rauchdetektor
EP2395489A2 (fr) * 2010-06-09 2011-12-14 Dietmar F. Brück Dispositif de détection de fumée
EP2395489A3 (fr) * 2010-06-09 2012-01-11 Dietmar F. Brück Dispositif de détection de fumée

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Inventor name: THILO, PEER, DR.-ING.

Inventor name: KAISER, KLAUS