EP0250889A1 - Elektrodenkessel zur Dampf- oder Heisswassererzeugung - Google Patents

Elektrodenkessel zur Dampf- oder Heisswassererzeugung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0250889A1
EP0250889A1 EP87107854A EP87107854A EP0250889A1 EP 0250889 A1 EP0250889 A1 EP 0250889A1 EP 87107854 A EP87107854 A EP 87107854A EP 87107854 A EP87107854 A EP 87107854A EP 0250889 A1 EP0250889 A1 EP 0250889A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
electrode
steam
container
insulator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87107854A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Albert Dr. Künzli
Kurt Schütz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sulzer AG
Original Assignee
Sulzer AG
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sulzer AG, Gebrueder Sulzer AG filed Critical Sulzer AG
Publication of EP0250889A1 publication Critical patent/EP0250889A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
    • F22B1/30—Electrode boilers
    • F22B1/303—Electrode boilers with means for injecting or spraying water against electrodes or with means for water circulation
    • F22B1/306—Electrode boilers with means for injecting or spraying water against electrodes or with means for water circulation with at least one electrode permanently above the water surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/20—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes
    • F24H1/201—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply
    • F24H1/203—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply with electrodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrode boiler used for steam or hot water generation with a container partially filled with water, in which at least one electrode connected to an AC network is arranged, which is attached to the container with the interposition of an electrical insulator made of ceramic arranged above the water level.
  • the layer consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene according to claim 2 has proven to be advantageous at high temperatures, such as occur in steam-generating electrode boilers.
  • a pump 10 which is driven by an electric motor 11 and is arranged in the water 3, conveys water via a central riser pipe 12 to a nozzle assembly 13 and into an adjoining housing 15, which is provided with an overflow pipe 16, via the water into the lower part of the container 2 flows back.
  • the nozzle assembly 13 has a series of nozzles 14 arranged vertically one above the other, which form parallel water jets directed against the electrode 4.
  • the water thus striking the electrode 4 falls onto a nozzle plate 18 attached to the lower electrode end and consisting of a perforated sheet metal.
  • a counter electrode 5 is arranged, which likewise consists of a sheet metal plate provided with vertical bores and is attached to the container in an electrically conductive manner.
  • the upper insulator 6 is essentially tubular and is firmly connected to the electrode 4 at the bottom and to a bushing tube 8 at the top by means of fastening elements, not shown.
  • the further insulator 7, which is similar to the insulator 6, is on fixed at one end to the wall of the container 2 and articulated at the other end to the electrode 4.
  • the container 2 is provided with an earth conductor 9 ', so that the water jets between the nozzle plate 18 and the counter electrode 5 form the current path for the alternating electrical current. As a result of the electrical resistance of the water jets, their water heats up and partially evaporates. The steam escapes via an outlet connection 30 and reaches consumers (not shown). Feed water is supplied via a supply nozzle 31.
  • the power control of the electrode boiler takes place by means of a cylindrical, vertically movable control hood 20, which is arranged around the riser pipe 12 and the nozzle assembly 13 and has at its upper end a scraper ring 21 sliding over the nozzle assembly 13.
  • a cylindrical, vertically movable control hood 20 which is arranged around the riser pipe 12 and the nozzle assembly 13 and has at its upper end a scraper ring 21 sliding over the nozzle assembly 13.
  • the control hood 20 is connected to a vertical, coaxial rack 23 which is in engagement with a gear wheel 24 which is driven via a shaft 26 by a geared motor 27 with a reversible direction of rotation.
  • the more the control hood is lifted the more nozzles 14 are covered by the scraper ring 21 and the less water jets are connected to the electrode 4, so that the amount of water reaching the counter electrode 5 is reduced and the amount of steam decreases.
  • the electrical conductivity of the water is optimized by adding electrolytes (salts or bases). These and other substances contained in the water tend to settle in the form of crystals in the interior of the container 2. As far as the insulators 6 and 7 above the water level are affected, this can - as already described - have serious consequences.
  • they are coated according to the invention with a layer 6 'made of a fluoroplastic, for example polytetrafluoroethylene, which is so smooth and resistant to chemical attacks that no significant deposits occur (FIGS. 2a and 2b ).
  • the surface of the fired ceramic body is roughened, for example by sandblasting, and provided with a primer layer of approximately 10 ⁇ m of a special fluoroplastic, which is then left to dry well.
  • the primer layer is then baked, whereupon at least one cover layer of fluoroplastic with a thickness of 10 to 20 ⁇ m is applied, which must dry well.
  • Each top layer is then sintered individually.
  • each ring bowl is supported by a radial rod extending through inner and outer insulators 46 and 47, respectively, which penetrates the vertical wall of the container 42.
  • the three rods are connected to the phases R, S, T of an electrical, three-phase AC network.
  • the container 42 is electrically insulated on the floor and is connected to the neutral phase N of the AC network.
  • a pump 50 pumps water through the riser pipe 52, which has a control flap 51, into a bowl 53, which is provided with a horizontal overflow edge 53 '.
  • Riser pipe 52 has three ring shells 45 acting as counter electrodes, each of which is adjustable in height by means of three arms 54 with sleeves 55, which are arranged alternately with ring shells 44.
  • the ring shells 44, 45 have the cross section of a lying "S".
  • the inner, rounded edge forms an overflow edge 44 'parallel to the overflow edge 53' of the shell 53 and the outer edge ends at a higher level than the overflow edge 44 ';
  • the "S" -shaped cross section of the ring shells 45 acting as counterelectrode is in each case arranged approximately in mirror image, so that its rounded edge on the outside forms an overflow edge 45 'parallel to the overflow edge 53' of the shell 53.
  • the water falls over the overflow edge 53 'of the shell 53 into the ring shell 44 immediately below it, from there via its overflow edge 44' into the next ring shell 45 below, and so on to the water 3 in the lower part of the container.
  • the electric current flows through the overflowing water between the ring shells 44 acting as electrodes and the ring shells 45 acting as counter electrodes, which are connected to the container 42 in an electrically conductive manner.
  • steam is produced, which escapes through a steam outlet support 49. Water is replenished through a supply nozzle 56.
  • the water drop heights can be adjusted so that the resistances in the three phases remain the same despite the amount of water decreasing from top to bottom due to the evaporation of water. This avoids an uneven load in the three phases.
  • the capacity of the hold-up electrode boiler is determined by adjusting the circulating water volume with the aid of the Control flap 51, possibly also controlled by changing the speed of the pump 50.
  • the inner insulators 46 arranged inside the container 42 are exposed to salt deposits by splashing water and steam and are therefore coated according to the invention with a fluoroplastic, preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the output can be set so that only hot water is produced.
  • the temperatures can be so low that instead of polytetrafluoroethylene, an elastomeric fluoroplastic, for example with the formula can be used as a coating 6 'for the insulator 6 or 7 or 46.
  • This elastomeric fluoroplastic has greater elasticity than polytetrafluoroethylene, which may be advantageous in terms of mechanical stress.
  • the invention can also be applied to other types of electrode kettles, for example to those in which the electrode and the counterelectrode are arranged coaxially immersed in the water.
  • the thickness of the fluoroplastic layer 6 1 of the insulators is so small that the electrical insulation property of the layer is negligible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
EP87107854A 1986-06-18 1987-05-30 Elektrodenkessel zur Dampf- oder Heisswassererzeugung Withdrawn EP0250889A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2461/86A CH670301A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1986-06-18 1986-06-18
CH2461/86 1986-06-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0250889A1 true EP0250889A1 (de) 1988-01-07

Family

ID=4234343

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87107854A Withdrawn EP0250889A1 (de) 1986-06-18 1987-05-30 Elektrodenkessel zur Dampf- oder Heisswassererzeugung

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US4812619A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0250889A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS62299653A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AU (1) AU586105B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CA (1) CA1270289A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH670301A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FI (1) FI871759L (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107631476A (zh) * 2017-08-31 2018-01-26 浙江特富锅炉有限公司 电极式热水锅炉
WO2019141328A1 (en) * 2018-01-18 2019-07-25 Waturu Holding Aps Device for treating and heating water in tank style water heaters

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH07190498A (ja) * 1993-02-16 1995-07-28 Hatohiko Kamata 交流電気分解に依る発熱利用方法
CN101403494A (zh) * 2008-11-14 2009-04-08 张国旺 新型多功能热水装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH608585A5 (en) * 1976-08-13 1979-01-15 Sulzer Ag Water distribution chamber for electrical steam generators
GB2128305A (en) * 1982-09-24 1984-04-26 Colin Cooper Electrode boiler

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4314139A (en) * 1979-07-25 1982-02-02 Aqua-Chem, Inc. Electric boiler having means for controlling steam generation
US4292498A (en) * 1979-09-07 1981-09-29 Kewanee Boiler Corporation High voltage electrode steam boiler and electrode assembly therefor
AU594323B2 (en) * 1985-02-28 1990-03-08 Vapor Corporation Electrode configuration for a high voltage electric boiler

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH608585A5 (en) * 1976-08-13 1979-01-15 Sulzer Ag Water distribution chamber for electrical steam generators
GB2128305A (en) * 1982-09-24 1984-04-26 Colin Cooper Electrode boiler

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107631476A (zh) * 2017-08-31 2018-01-26 浙江特富锅炉有限公司 电极式热水锅炉
WO2019141328A1 (en) * 2018-01-18 2019-07-25 Waturu Holding Aps Device for treating and heating water in tank style water heaters

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7441287A (en) 1987-12-24
CH670301A5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1989-05-31
AU586105B2 (en) 1989-06-29
JPS62299653A (ja) 1987-12-26
FI871759A7 (fi) 1987-12-19
CA1270289A (en) 1990-06-12
FI871759A0 (fi) 1987-04-22
US4812619A (en) 1989-03-14
FI871759L (fi) 1987-12-19

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Inventor name: SCHUETZ, KURT

Inventor name: KUENZLI,ALBERT, DR.