EP0247054A1 - Palplanches metalliques formees a froid, par profilage ou par pliage d'une tole, et murs constitues a partir desdites palplanches. - Google Patents
Palplanches metalliques formees a froid, par profilage ou par pliage d'une tole, et murs constitues a partir desdites palplanches.Info
- Publication number
- EP0247054A1 EP0247054A1 EP86901899A EP86901899A EP0247054A1 EP 0247054 A1 EP0247054 A1 EP 0247054A1 EP 86901899 A EP86901899 A EP 86901899A EP 86901899 A EP86901899 A EP 86901899A EP 0247054 A1 EP0247054 A1 EP 0247054A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sheet pile
- sheet
- wing
- angle
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/02—Sheet piles or sheet pile bulkheads
- E02D5/03—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles
- E02D5/04—Prefabricated parts, e.g. composite sheet piles made of steel
- E02D5/08—Locking forms; Edge joints; Pile crossings; Branch pieces
Definitions
- the present invention relates to sheet piling, used in the building industry and public works, for the realization of foundation, retaining and protective works, the role of which is to separate two media, generally a liquid medium from a solid medium and sometimes a gaseous medium, a liquid medium or a solid medium.
- sheet piles for the construction of: curtains for the defense of the banks of canals and rivers; flood protection screens along roads and highways in flood-prone areas; quay walls in ports and along rivers; perimeter walls of swimming pools; silos; containment walls of basins for the storage of gases, in particular of hydrocarbons; trench armor, during excavations; terrestrial retaining curtains; protections along the roads to prevent falling rocks.
- the sheet piles metal ' , concrete or wood
- a sealant such as a cement or a resin
- the present invention relates more precisely to the field of metal sheet piling.
- the latches allowing the longitudinal engagement of the sheet piles are constituted by male-female assemblies with dovetails, ball joints or hooks.
- the limits in obtaining high resistance moduli are essentially of three orders: gradually take the shape of the desired profile, are limited to values of the order of 12 mm; b) the widths of the sheets introduced into the profiling machines are limited to values of the order of 1250 mm, limits which are imposed by the profiling equipment itself; insofar as the original widths are limited, the developments of the profiled sheet piles are also limited, both in terms of wing height and web width; c) the inter-axes between the rollers of the rollers of the profiling machines which gradually cause the sheet to take the desired shape also have limits; thus, on the most efficient profiling machines, the height limits for cold profiling are currently 20 mm for U-shaped profiles and 340 mm for S or Z-shaped profiles.
- the maximum values of the resistance modules are, to date, 1300 cm 3 / m for cold-formed sheet piles with U-section and 2100 cm 3 / m for cold-formed sheet piles at section in S or Z.
- hook locks have the other disadvantages of being difficult to access, first at the time of manufacturing checks, then for cleaning after first use for reuse : it is indeed difficult to remove by spraying water or air all the dirt or mud impurities which adhere in the rear part of the hook loops.
- the piles are hot rolled avoid the latter drawbacks' entionmos about cold formed sheet piles hooks - to the extent that, for their locks, they generally use male-female assemblies sections or dove tail ball joint whose profiles are not very tormented and whose female parts, even the deepest, are of more usable access for verif ica tions after manufacture and for cleaning.
- the manufacture of hot-rolled sheet piles has its own drawbacks, mainly due to the heaviness of the manufacturing equipment.
- the hot rolling profiles requires six to eight crossings between the rolling rolls, cylinders whose defect is to wear quickly account 'the constraints they face and high temperatures -950 to 1150 ° - which they work on.
- any hot rolled profile requires an installation time of the rolling rolls which corresponds, at the factory, to a specific station, so that all the small orders must be grouped in order to be able to be fulfilled, which often gives rise to excessively long waiting times.
- hot-rolled sheet piles also have their limits in obtaining high strength moduli, limits also due to the same dimension parameters: a) the thicknesses of the hot-rolled sections are, at the end of rolling, limited to values of the order of 24 mm; b) the widths of the hot-rolled sections are limited to values of the order of 600 mm; c) the depths of the laminated sections in U are limited to values of the order of 230 mm and the heights of the laminated sections in S or Z are limited to values of the order of 400 mm.
- the maximum values of the " resistance modules of hot-rolled sheet piles are 4200 cm 3 / m for the U-sections and 3850 cm 3 / m for the Z-sections.
- the two values the aforementioned limits are also those reached for simple curtains, that is to say composed exclusively of sheet metal hot-rolled sheet pile interlocked head to tail, without any reinforcement.
- the present invention aims to remedy all of the drawbacks which have just been explained.
- the sheet piles concerned by the invention are formed cold, therefore using a material whose use is more flexible than that necessary for the manufacture of hot rolled.
- the invention proposes to lock these sheet piles longitudinally using means other than hooks, which makes manufacturing checks easier and cleaning with a view to their reuse easier, which saves money. significant energy, and also and above all what avoids the loss of material, a few millimeters in width, along the two longitudinal edges of the sheet piles.
- the width of the sheet used for the manufacture of the sheet pile of the invention is equal to the developed width of the finished profiled sheet pile, and this width participates in its entirety in the calculation of the module of resistance of said sheet pile.
- the invention allows profiling on existing machines of U-section sheet piles whose resistance modulus can reach 1850 cm 3 / m and Z-shaped sheet piles of which the modulus can reach 4 100 cm 3 / m . .
- the above values are those which can be obtained by cold profiling of sheets with a width of 1250 mm and a thickness of 12 mm.
- sheet piles with a U-section whose module is 8900 cm 3 / m ' and, from of sheet metal 1500 mm wide and 16 mm thick, sheet pile Z can be formed, the module of which is 9,100 c '/ rn.
- the values of the modules obtained are substantially double those mentioned above.
- the Z-section sheet piles of the invention make it possible to reach resistance modules of 23,500 cm '/ m from sheets 2000 mm wide and 16 mm thick.
- the use of sheet piles according to the invention now avoids having to use devices, such as compound or reinforced walls, to increase the modules. This circumstance is very advantageous from an economic point of view because it is known that making curtains composed or reinforced in the traditional way is extremely expensive, both at the manufacturing by threshing in the ground of the boxes, tubes or reinforcement beams.
- the present invention therefore relates to a metal sheet pile formed cold, by profiling or by bending a sheet, having over its entire length a constant section with a particular profile and comprising, also over its entire length, two means which are complementary to each other and which extend longitudinally and from one transverse end to the other of the sheet pile, each of said two means being intended to cooperate with the complementary means of a neighboring sheet pile, by longitudinal engagement , to constitute after this engagement a relatively tight continuous longitudinal latch, characterized in that its first means comprises at least one insert covering a part of the sheet pile and in that its second means is formed along one of its two longitudinal edges, either by a flat fold of the sheet, or by adding at least one insert placed in affleure ⁇ ment of said edge lo ngitudinal.
- the first means for locking the sheet pile consists of an angle iron externally added along the first longitudinal edge, below a fold back of said first edge also formed towards the outside and provided, relative to the base of the angle iron, at a distance slightly greater than the thickness of the sheet, the free edge of the angle iron being turned in the same direction as said first longitudinal edge so as to define an open cavity with walls converging towards said opening, the width of said opening being slightly greater than the thickness of the sheet, and the second locking means of the sheet pile is constituted by a flat fold of the second longitudinal edge, formed towards the outside and substantially at equilibrium.
- the sheet pile section is U-shaped or S-shaped, or in a directly derived section of one of the abovementioned sections, for example in L or V shape.
- the end of the fold formed along the first longitudinal edge against which the angle iron is attached externally slightly projects beyond the free edge of said angle.
- the first locking means is constituted by an angle iron attached to the core , near a wing, the free edge of the angle iron facing towards said first wing, and the second locking means is formed by a flat fold of the second wing facing towards the neutral axis of the sheet pile at an angle equal to that which the soul does with each of its two wings.
- the free edge of the angle of the Z sheet pile is substantially perpendicular to the wings.
- the free edge of the angle of the Z sheet pile is substantially parallel to the core.
- the sheet pile may include a second angle placed on the same side of the core, the free edges of the two angles being coplanar and turned in opposite directions from each other, the first wing near which is attached the first angle then also forming a flat fold at an angle equal to that made by the core with each of its two wings, said fold being therefore parallel and of opposite direction to the fold which, along the second wing, constitutes the second way.
- the free edge of the added angle iron constituting the first means is preferably spaced from the wing towards which it is turned by a distance slightly greater than the thickness of the sheet.
- the thickness of the curtain made from sheet piles is therefore double.
- This construction thus proves to be particularly advantageous when it is necessary to construct a sheet pile wall having very high resistance characteristics: in fact, the areas where the curtain is thickest correspond to the areas furthest from the neutral axis of the curtain which is known to be substantially located in the longitudinal median plane of said curtain located equidistant from the extreme planes formed by the wings.
- this structure for distributing the material towards the areas of the curtain furthest from the neutral axis corresponds precisely to the ideal structure ensuring the obtaining of high resistance modules. It is therefore indeed by this construction of a sheet pile curtain with partial overlap that the implementation of the invention ensures the production of simple curtains with very high resistance characteristics.
- the first means for locking the sheet pile is constituted by a quadrangular section, solid or hollow, of square, rectangular or trapezoidal section, and the second means for locking the sheet pile is then same nature as said first plea.
- this quadrangular section constituting the first means is supplemented with an angle whose foot is located, relatively to the base of the section, at a distance slightly greater than the width of the top of said profile and the free edge of which, facing towards said profile parallel to its top, is situated in a plane which overhangs the plane of said top with a height slightly greater than the thickness of the sheet.
- the angle iron can then include a third wing which extends its foot and is welded to the sheet pile.
- the quadrangular profile and the angle iron constitute a monobloc assembly which is then welded by points or by two cords flush with the two longitudinal edges of the sheet piles.
- this locking means constituted by a quadrangular profile to a sheet pile of the section with a Z-shaped section
- said sheet pile is then characterized in that its first and second wings form a flat fold turned towards the neutral axis of the sheet pile, in that a first quadrangular section is placed facing the fold of the second wing, on its side facing the core, in that a second quadrangular section is placed on the facing soul -vis the first section, said first and second sections being located at the same distance relative to the second wing, and in that a third and a fourth quadrangular sections are placed, respectively ⁇ ment on the fold of the first wing and on the core, on the faces which do not face each other, said third and fourth sections being located at the same distance relatively to the plane of the first wing, this distance being equal to that which separates the first and second sections from the second wing, reduced by the width of the top of said sections.
- This Z-shaped sheet pile construction like the previous one, allows partial recovery of sheet piles interlocked head to tail, by their wings and part of their webs, so that high strength characteristics can also be obtained by the implementation of this solution.
- the Z-shaped sheet pile may, below its first to fourth sections, comprise a plate whose foot is located, relatively to the base of the section, at a distance slightly greater than the width of the top of said section.
- the sheet pile may include an angle whose first wing is welded to the sheet pile and whose foot of the second wing is located, relatively to the base of the profile, at a distance slightly greater than the width of the top of said profile.
- each quadrangular profile constitutes, with its nearest angle, a monobloc assembly.
- the subject of the present invention is also all, ridea'u essentially constituted from sheet piles in a U, S or Z shape meeting the aforementioned definitions and interlocked head to tail.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a U-section sheet pile according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a plan view and in section of a sheet pile wall obtained by assembling the U-shaped profiles of FIG. 1 interlocked head to tail,
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a sheet pile with an S-section in accordance with the invention
- FIG. 4 is a plan view and in section of a sheet pile wall obtained by assembling the S-profiles of FIG. 3 interlocked parallel to each other,
- FIG. 5 shows, on a larger scale, the means enabling the U-shaped profiles of FIG. 1 and the S-shaped profiles of FIG. 3 to be engaged
- FIGS. 6, 7 and 8 show, in plan and in section, angles of mu r s of sheet piles in U and / or in 5 obtained using special angle sheet piles with latching means according to the invention
- - Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a Z-section sheet pile according to the invention
- - Figure 10 is a plan view and in section of a sheet pile wall obtained by assembling the Z-sections of FIG. 9 interlocked head to tail,
- - Figure 1 1 is a plan view and in section of another Z sheet pile wall with a higher modulus
- - Figure 12 is a plan view and in section of a Z sheet pile wall on each of which alternatively, the free edge of the angle iron is arranged parallel to the core
- FIG. 13 is a plan view and in section of another sheet pile wall in Z, with a high modulus, sheet piling whose core is doubled by a second locking means constituted by a second angle,
- FIGS. 14 and 15 show, on a larger scale, the locking means of the Z sheet piles as shown, respectively, in FIGS. 10 and 12,
- FIGS. 16 and 17 show, in plan and ' in section, angles of Z-shaped sheet pile walls obtained using special angle sheet piles with interlocking means in accordance with the invention
- FIG. 18 and 19 are, seen in plan and in section, sheet pile walls, respectively in U and S, interlocked using quadrangular profiles and angles
- FIG. 20 to 23 show, at larger ladder, four alternative embodiments of the locking means each consisting of a quadrangular profile and an angle, used in the assembly of sheet piles in S and U,
- FIG. 24 is a plan view in section of a sheet pile wall in Z switched to 'using quadrangular profiles and angles
- FIG. 25 and 26 show, on a larger scale, two alternative embodiments of the sheet pile interlocking means illustrated in Figure 24, - Figure 27 is a plan view and in section of a wall of interlocked Z sheet piles using quadrangular profiles with rectangular trapezoidal section,
- FIG. 28 shows, on a larger scale, an alternative embodiment of the sheet pile locking means illustrated in f igure 27.
- a U-shaped profile has been designated by 30 which, over its entire length corresponding to the length of the sheet pile, has a constant section composed mainly of a core 31 framed by two ' wings, respectively left 32 and right 33.
- the two wings are inclined symmetrically with respect to the core, at an angle ⁇ ⁇ between 105 ° and 135 °, and preferably close to 120 °.
- the sheet pile 30 comprises over its entire length two means which are complementary to each other and which extend longitudinally, each of said two means being intended to cooperate with the complementary means of a neighboring sheet pile , to form with the latter, after longitudinal engagement, a relatively tight continuous lock.
- the first means is always an added piece covering part of the sheet pile.
- this first means consists of an angle iron 34 externally attached along the longitudinal edge of the first wing 32, below a fold 35 of said edge also formed towards the outside.
- This fold 35 is provided, relative to the foot 37 of the angle iron 34, at a distance slightly greater than the thickness of the sheet from which the profile 30 is formed.
- the free edge 38 of the angle iron 34 is turned in the same direction as the fold 35, therefore in the direction of the longitudinal edge 39, so as to define a cavity 40, open, with walls 35 and 38 converging towards the opening 4 l.
- the second means of engaging the U-shaped sheet pile 30 is formed near the longitudinal edge 42 of the right wing 33, by a flat fold 43 of this wing, formed towards the outside and substantially square.
- the width 41 ′ of the opening 41 projected perpendicularly to the plane of the free edge 38 of the angle iron is slightly greater than the thickness of the sheet, so as to allow the passage of the wing 33,
- the height of the fold 43 is slightly less than the height of the edge 44 of the angle iron 34 which extends perpendicular to the wing 32 and along which its foot 37 is welded by the cord 36. Due to the slight clearance provided also manufacturing, opposite the longitudinal edge 42, by the provision between the base of the fold 35 and the foot 37 of the angle iron a distance slightly greater than the thickness of the sheet, the sheet pile 30 is capable of a slight angular travel for its engagement by beating in another identical sheet pile. ' After' threshing, the fold 43 must be as close as possible, and ideally against the edge 44 of the angle iron 34, and the end of the wing '33, close to the fold 43, must be in abutment against the free edge 38 of said angle.
- the sheet pile curtain obtained is of perfect continuity and almost total tightness.
- a sealing product for example a resin or a cement, may however be additionally poured into the cavity 40, if it is necessary to further improve this sealing characteristic.
- the fold 35 slightly overflows the free edge 38 of the angle iron 34 so as to perfect the guidance of any sheet pile during the threshing operation for its engagement in a neighboring sheet pile.
- the axis neut re 45 of the curtain passes substantially through the center of the cavities 40.
- the interlocking means described above are, in accordance with the invention, transposable as such to a sheet pile section immediately derived from the U-shaped section 30, namely the S-sheet pile 50 shown in FIG. 3.
- the S sheet pile consists of two U-shaped sheet piles placed head to tail, but exempt from their relative latching means, these being replaced by their wings '32 and 33 slightly detached from each other a continuous common wing which constitutes l central core 51 of the S-profile.
- Each wing 52 and 53 is extended by a return, respectively 32 and 33, which faces the core 51 and is inclined, relative to the wing, by the same angle c ⁇ .
- the return 33 is provided with the second locking means provided for the U-shaped sheet pile 30, namely that, near its longitudinal edge 42, it has a flat fold 43 formed towards the outside and substantially square.
- the return 32 of the S sheet pile 50 is provided with the first locking means provided for the U sheet pile, that is to say that, near its longitudinal edge 39, it has a flat fold 35 inclined by approximately 25 °.
- a bracket 34 is welded by a continuous bead 36 on the return 32, below the fold 35, at a distance slightly greater than the thickness of the sheet. This bracket 34 is oriented, as has been seen previously, so that it defines with the fold 35 an open cavity 40 with walls converging towards its opening 41.
- the means of lock ge aforementioned respect in dimensions the conditions which have been exposed .about the U-shaped sheet pile, namely the projected width of the opening 41 and the height of the fold 43, two sheet piles 50 of the type shown in FIG. 3 lock l 'one in the other by longitudinal engagement, said sheet piles being in this case placed side by side in a normal arrangement, that is to say opposite to the upside down arrangement.
- the neutral axis 54 of the curtain passes substantially through the centers of the cavities 40.
- special sheet piles are used, preferably simple angles, each longitudinal flank of which is provided with a locking means, male or female, in accordance with the means which have been described previously.
- Such special angle angles have been shown in Figures 6 to 8.
- the angle 55 whose sides are substantially square, has along each of its two longitudinal edges a male locking means , namely a fold 43.
- the sheet piles 30, 50 which are engaged on this corner sheet pile 55 therefore use for this purpose their female part essentially defined by the cavity 40.
- the angle iron ' of angle 56 has along the first longitudinal edge a male locking means, namely the fold 43, and on its second, longitudinal edge a means of female latch essentially defined by the cavity 40.
- the sheet piles 30, 50 engaged on this angle angle 56 then use their locking means, respectively female 40 and male 43, for this purpose.
- FIG 8 there is shown a corner angle 57 with two male locking means, angle whose sides are more widely open.
- the angle S that these flanks make between them is of course essentially variable, and depends on the construction to be carried out. During its cold forming, the angle iron 57 will therefore be more or less folded or more or less profiled so as to bring, on request, its angle P to the value desired by the project manager.
- the special angle sheet piles 55, 56 and 57 may be suitable for joining two U-shaped sheet piles 30, two S 50 sheet piles or a U-shaped sheet pile and d 'a sheet pile in S.
- the prime contractor - can , if it deems it useful, substitute an S 50 sheet pile for two U-shaped sheet piles 30 in a curtain essentially consisting of U-shaped sheet piles, and conversely substitute two U-shaped sheet piles placed head-to-tail for a ' S-shaped sheet pile curtain essentially made of S sheet piles.
- the angle iron 34 can advantageously be reinforced, either by the addition of a reinforcement angle 58 of which the first wing 59 is welded on the rear face of the flank 44 of the angle iron 34 and the second wing 60 of which is welded on the external face of the wing 32 of the sheet pile 30, 50 in the part of this wing situated immediately behind the fold 35, or by a particular construction of an angle according to a section in S 61 whose third wing 62 which originates at the foot 37 of the flank 44 is welded on the external face of the wing 32 of the sheet pile 30, 50, in the part of this wing located immediately behind the fold 35.
- a female locking means whose resistance to deformation will be sufficient, even under the effect of severe grooves applied as indicated by arrow 63.
- a Z 70 profile sheet pile was designed according to the configuration shown in FIG. 9.
- this Z-shaped sheet pile comprises a central core 71 and two parallel lateral wings and in opposite directions, each inclined relative to the core of the same angle X comoris between 100 ° and 135 °, said wings, to facilitate understanding of the description which follows, being called respectively first wing 72 for that shown in the upper part of FIGURE 9 and second wing 73 for that shown in the lower part of said figure.
- the first means of ver ⁇ rusting of this sheet pile 70 is constituted by an angle 74 attached to the core 7 1, near and on the side of the first wing 72, the free edge 75 of the angle being turned towards this wing 72.
- the second male means, cooperating with the aforementioned female means, is formed by a flat fold 76 of the second wing 73 facing the neutral axis 80 of the sheet pile, at an angle equal to the angle o / .
- the angle 74 has a free edge 75 which is perpendicular to the wing 72.
- the free edge is perpendicular to the wing 72.
- the length of the fold 76 is slightly less than the distance separating the inner face of the wing 72 from the foot, respectively 77, 77 'locating the line along which the angle iron, respectively 74, 74' is welded by a bead 78, 78 'on the core 7 1, - the free edge 75, 75' of the added angle 74, 74 'is spaced from the wing 72 by a distance slightly greater than the thickness of the sheet from which is formed sheet pile 70,
- the free edge 75, 75 'of the angle iron 74, 74' is always spaced from the core 7 1 by a distance slightly greater than the thickness of the sheet, so as to allow the passage of the fold 76 in the cavity , respectively 79, 79 ', open between the wing 72 and the free edge 75, 75'.
- These overlapping parts are in fact formed at least of pairs of wings 72 and 73 in engagement by engagement, and of the fold 76 and of the end part of the core 71 opposite this fold.
- the first wing 72 forms, in line with the edge 81 constituting the junction line of the core 71 and of the second wing 73, a flat fold 82 turned towards the neutral axis 80 at an angle equal to the angle (
- FIG. 12 shows a curtain of palplan ⁇ ches with normal module, of the type of those constituting the curtain shown in FIG. 10, with the only difference that the angles 74 whose free edges 75 are perpendicular to the axis neutral 80 are replaced by angles 74 'whose free edges 75' are each parallel to the plane of the core 7 1 on which the angle 74 'is attached.
- FIG. 13 a sheet piling curtain in Z with a high modulus, therefore forming between them successive waves whose flanks are more closed than the flanks of the waves of the curtain of FIG. 12.
- the sheet piles are higher and then having to undergo greater stresses, they are each advantageously provided with a second angle iron 84 placed on the side of the core already provided with the first angle iron 74 ', the free edges 85, 75' of the two angles 84, 74 being coplanar and turned in opposite directions from each other.
- the first wing 72 near which the first angle iron 74 'is attached forms the flat fold 82 seen previously.
- this fold 82 is slightly less than the distance separating the base of the angle iron 84 from the second wing 73, and the free edge 85 of said angle iron, parallel to the core 71, is separated from this core d '' a distance slightly greater than the thickness of the sheet.
- the sheet pile 86 shown in Figure 16 is a normal Z 70 sheet pile folded at an angle o along the median longitudinal line of its core 71.
- This sheet pile 86 cooperates by its male locking means 76 with the angle 74 of a sheet pile 70 'and by its female locking means 74 with the fold 76 of a sheet pile 70 ".
- the corner sheet pile 87 shown in Figure 17 is also based on the principle of locking the sheet pile in Z, but originally, before folding its core 71 at the angle to, the wings 72 and 73 of said sheet pile 87 were placed on the same side of the core.
- the male locking means 76 of the angle sheet pile 87 cooperates with the angle iron 74 of a normal Z sheet pile 70 'and the female locking means 74 of this angle sheet pile cooperates with the fold 76 of a second sheet pile normal 70 ". ' ' •
- the corner plates of ' Figures 6, 7, 8, 16 and 17 have been shown hatched.
- the second means for locking a sheet pile on the neighboring sheet pile comprises an insert placed in facing of one of its two longitudinal edges.
- the first means and the second locking means are of identical natures, and consequently the first means is placed flush with the other longitudinal edge of the sheet pile when the latter is in U-section (figure 18) or S ( Figure 19) and close to the other longitudinal edge when the sheet pile is Z section ( Figures 24 and 27).
- the first and the. second means are, constantly, each constituted by a quadrangular profile, full or hollow, of square, rectangular or trapezoidal section.
- a solid quadrangular profile, of square section is externally welded by two beads 131 and 132 along each longitudinal edge, respectively at 134 and 135 at the end of the wings 136 and 137 of a U 130, and respectively in 154 and 155 at the end of the last returns 1 56 and 157 of an S 150.
- a cavity 142 is formed between the quadrangular profile 134 and the angle iron 138 capable of receiving an identical quadrangular profile 135 welded in the extreme part of the wing 137 of another sheet pile 130, and vice versa
- a cavity 143 is formed between the quadrangular profile 135 and the angle iron 140 of the sheet pile. It can receive an identical quadrangular profile 134 placed at the end of the wing 136 of another sheet pile 130 .
- sheet piles 130, 150 "is therefore possible longitudinally, and it results in the formation of a lock shown in more detail in FIG. 20.
- the angle iron 138, 140 is of cross section at S, the third wing 144, 145 of this angle iron being turned opposite the quadrangular profile 134, 135 to be welded to the wing 136, 137 according to two continuous lateral cords.
- the angle iron comprises a third wing 146, 147 facing the quadrangular profile 134, 135 and extending up to it.
- Each profiled assembly 134 (or 135) -cornière 138 (or 140) then constitutes a monobloc assembly, respecti ⁇ vely 148, 149 which is welded to the end of the wing 136, 137, that is to say along its two longitudinal edges by two cords, as shown in Figure 22, or by points along its longitudinal center line.
- the quadrangular profile 134, 135 can have in section shapes other than those square, and for example it can be added in the form of a rectangle or a rectangular trapezoid.
- This latter arrangement is moreover shown in FIG. 23, in the form of a one-piece assembly 148 ′, 149 ′ in which the quadrangular profile is a rectangular trapezoid whose small base is fixed to the end of the wing 136 , 137 and whose inclined face is turned backwards and outwards, that is to say towards the edge of the angle iron 138, 140.
- This latter construction further facilitates guiding between sheet piles during each pile driving operation.
- the monobioc structure of FIGS. 22 and 23 also provides an almost universal solution for locking between sheet piles insofar as it makes it possible to engage U-shaped and / or S 150-shaped profiles of a few modules and thicknesses between them. , or at least compatible with each other for several ranges of thicknesses.
- the locking solution using quadrangular profiles can also be transposed to sheet piles with Z-section 170, in accordance with the representations given in FIGS. 24 and 27.
- Each sheet pile 170 is then essentially defined by a central core 171, a first wing 172 terminated by a fold 182 facing the neutral axis 180, and a second wing 173 terminated by a fold 176 also facing the neutral axis.
- the locking means attached to the sheet piles shown in Figure 24 differ slightly in their relative positions, so as to constitute a first male means and a second " female means.
- the sheet pile 170 comprises a first section 190 fixed flush with the longitudinal edge of the fold 176, on its face facing the core 171, and a second section 191 placed on the core, opposite of section 190, the two sections 190 and 191 also being located at the same distance relative to the second wing 173.
- the sheet pile 170 includes a third section 192 and a fourth section 193 placed, respectively, on the fold 182 and on the core 171, on the faces which do not face each other, its third and fourth sections 192 and 193 being located at the same distance relative to the plane of the first wing 172, this distance being equal to that which separates the sections 190 and 191 from the wing 173 reduced by the width of said sections.
- each quadrangular profile can be associated with a plate 194 welded on the fold or on the core on which said profile is attached, the plate 194 having its foot located, relatively to the base of said profile, at a distance slightly greater than the width of the top of a profile so that, during the threshing operation, a profile of the neighboring sheet pile can be embedded between said plate and the profile that it completes (Figure 25).
- each profile can be completed with an angle 195 whose first wing 196 is welded to the sheet pile and whose foot of the second wing - 197, is located, relatively to the base of the profile, at a distance slightly greater than the width of the top of said profile ( Figure 25).
- the angle 195 has its wing 196 turned towards the profile and connected to the latter, so as to constitute a one-piece assembly 198 (FIG. 26).
- the quadrangular profile 190 to 193 may be of square, rectangular section, or even in the shape of a rectangular trapezoid, and in the latter case the profile is welded to the sheet pile by its small base, the inclined face of this trapezoidal profile being turned towards the wing 172 or 173 closest to the concerned profile.
- Such a construction has been shown on all the sheet piles constituting the wall of FIG. 27, and in more detail in FIG. 28 for the principle of its one-piece locking 199. It is given in the attached Table I some mechanical characteristics. sheet piles according to the invention, compared to sheet piles of substantially the same modulus obtained by hot rolling.
- the sheet pile that the invention proposes allows, with a substantially equivalent module, to obtain a moment of inertia increased by almost 60%.
- the deformation of a sheet pile is inversely proportional to its moment of inertia; in other words, the sheet pile of the invention deforms less than the hot rolled sheet pile, for substantially the same module.
- the sheet pile of the invention is much lighter, for the obvious reason that it is obtained from a much finer sheet.
- all finished allergy products are sold by weight. Under these conditions, as a first advantage, the sheet pile of the invention is of a lower price. In addition, since it is lighter, it is secondly easier to m ett re work.
- the sheet pile of the invention is lighter, finer and gives a better moment of inertia.
- the sheet pile of the invention is always lighter than the hot rolled sheet pile, which implies that, structurally, it is more efficient.
- the sheet pile of the invention although thicker, is nevertheless lighter.
- the invention makes it possible to manufacture a simple curtain from a thinner sheet, and above all for a clearly lighter weight.
- the combined curtain solution from sheet piles and hot-rolled boxes expressed above is that which, to date, allows to obtain the maximum known modulus.
- the sheet piles proposed by the invention can still, by simply increasing their thickness, give much greater modulus values and, by way of example, from a sheet of
- the invention allows, in a simple curtain:
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT86901899T ATE47445T1 (de) | 1985-03-15 | 1986-03-17 | Metallspundwandbohlen, kaltgeformt durch profilierung oder biegung eines metallbleches und waende, gebildet durch diese bohlen. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8504339 | 1985-03-15 | ||
FR8504339A FR2578874B2 (fr) | 1985-03-15 | 1985-03-15 | Mur de palplanches a elements plies a froid |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0247054A1 true EP0247054A1 (fr) | 1987-12-02 |
EP0247054B1 EP0247054B1 (fr) | 1989-10-18 |
Family
ID=9317501
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86901899A Expired EP0247054B1 (fr) | 1985-03-15 | 1986-03-17 | Palplanches metalliques formees a froid, par profilage ou par pliage d'une tole, et murs constitues a partir desdites palplanches |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0247054B1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU5621386A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3666476D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES293179Y (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2578874B2 (fr) |
OA (1) | OA08284A (fr) |
TN (1) | TNSN86038A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1986005532A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2228760B (en) * | 1989-03-03 | 1993-04-07 | Univ Waterloo | In-ground barrier |
US5782583A (en) * | 1989-03-03 | 1998-07-21 | University Of Waterloo | In-ground barrier |
GB8904845D0 (en) * | 1989-03-03 | 1989-04-12 | Vales Enoch S | In-ground barrier |
ATE184945T1 (de) * | 1991-04-29 | 1999-10-15 | Subterranean Systems Pte Ltd | Spundwandprofil |
JP3488232B1 (ja) * | 2002-11-15 | 2004-01-19 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 圧延鋼矢板 |
AU2007340454B2 (en) | 2007-01-04 | 2013-05-09 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Floor structure |
RU181356U1 (ru) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-07-11 | Дмитрий Борисович Ядрихинский | Замок для соединения шпунтовых элементов |
RU188181U1 (ru) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-04-02 | Дмитрий Борисович Ядрихинский | Шпунтовая стенка синусоидальной конструкции |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE185650C (fr) * | ||||
FR353692A (fr) * | 1905-04-25 | 1905-09-18 | Luther Peter Friestedt | Pilotage en palplanches |
FR358472A (fr) * | 1905-10-13 | 1906-02-17 | Julius Ralph Wemlinger | Pilotis |
FR362655A (fr) * | 1906-01-23 | 1906-07-04 | Tryggve Larssen | Construction d'un cloisonnement en palplanches métalliques |
FR445323A (fr) * | 1912-06-22 | 1912-11-08 | Henri Toussaint | Palplanches laminées en acier |
DE507754C (de) * | 1927-11-12 | 1930-09-19 | Enno Becker | Spundwandschloss aus zwei ineinandergreifenden U-Eisen |
US2249818A (en) * | 1938-10-22 | 1941-07-22 | George B Bell Jr | Sheet piling |
GB730835A (en) * | 1953-06-04 | 1955-06-01 | Gordon Whitmore Nelson | Improvements in or relating to sheet piling |
FR1586389A (fr) * | 1968-07-05 | 1970-02-20 |
-
1985
- 1985-03-15 FR FR8504339A patent/FR2578874B2/fr not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-03-15 ES ES1986293179U patent/ES293179Y/es not_active Expired
- 1986-03-17 AU AU56213/86A patent/AU5621386A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1986-03-17 WO PCT/FR1986/000090 patent/WO1986005532A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1986-03-17 DE DE8686901899T patent/DE3666476D1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-03-17 OA OA58813A patent/OA08284A/fr unknown
- 1986-03-17 TN TNTNSN86038A patent/TNSN86038A1/fr unknown
- 1986-03-17 EP EP86901899A patent/EP0247054B1/fr not_active Expired
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8605532A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2578874B2 (fr) | 1988-11-04 |
DE3666476D1 (en) | 1989-11-23 |
ES293179U (es) | 1987-10-16 |
TNSN86038A1 (fr) | 1990-01-01 |
OA08284A (fr) | 1987-10-30 |
AU5621386A (en) | 1986-10-13 |
ES293179Y (es) | 1988-04-16 |
FR2578874A2 (fr) | 1986-09-19 |
WO1986005532A1 (fr) | 1986-09-25 |
EP0247054B1 (fr) | 1989-10-18 |
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