EP0246444B1 - Warning device for indicating the state of exhaustion of a gas filter - Google Patents

Warning device for indicating the state of exhaustion of a gas filter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0246444B1
EP0246444B1 EP87105362A EP87105362A EP0246444B1 EP 0246444 B1 EP0246444 B1 EP 0246444B1 EP 87105362 A EP87105362 A EP 87105362A EP 87105362 A EP87105362 A EP 87105362A EP 0246444 B1 EP0246444 B1 EP 0246444B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
alarm device
gas filter
warning device
measuring cell
heat exchanger
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Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87105362A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0246444A3 (en
EP0246444A2 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Coym
Michael Freidank
Axel Dr. Schubert
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Auergesellschaft GmbH
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Auergesellschaft GmbH
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Application filed by Auergesellschaft GmbH filed Critical Auergesellschaft GmbH
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Publication of EP0246444A3 publication Critical patent/EP0246444A3/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/08—Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices
    • A62B18/088—Devices for indicating filter saturation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical warning device with optical and acoustic alarm devices for displaying the state of exhaustion of a harmful gas from the air removing or restraining or converting into less harmful substances in connection with a breathing connection.
  • a depletion indicator for a spatial filter which consists of two filter parts which are connected to one another in terms of flow by a tube, from which the depletion indicator, which works according to an electrolytic measuring principle, is arranged laterally via a tube arrangement (FR-A-843 542) .
  • a depletion indicator is known in which at least two electrodes are arranged in the filter material at a certain distance from one another (DE-A-25 29 058).
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a warning device for indicating the state of exhaustion of a gas filter which retains harmful gases and which ensures reliable indication of exhaustion with optimal utilization of the service life of the gas filter.
  • the advantages achieved with the invention consist in particular in that, on the one hand, the holding time of the gas filter can be increased considerably compared to that previously used and, on the other hand, there is a reliable indication of exhaustion.
  • the warning device 1 can be installed in a filter device.
  • the cartridge-like housing 2 of the warning device 1 is connected on the one hand with the connection piece 2a to the breathing hose 11 leading to the gas filter 10 and on the other hand with the connection piece 2b directly to the full face mask 12.
  • the gas filter 10 can, for. B. can also be a filter canister.
  • Carbon monoxide retaining gas filter is as follows: The gas filter 10 is ventilated in one direction, ie the inhaled air I flows through the gas filter and through the warning device 1 into the full face mask 12 of the user.
  • the exhaled air II then passes the warning device 1 to behind the heat exchanger 8 and flows out via the exhalation valve 9. From this it is clear that the warning device 1 is ventilated in pendulum breathing.
  • the heat exchanger 8 is cooled by the exhaled air II, so that the hot inhaled air I is cooled from the gas filter 10 when inhaled again, and advantageously to below 40 C, for example, in order to ensure proper functioning of the electrochemical measuring cell 3 when the inhaled air is above a bypass, not shown in the drawing by diffusion through a Teflon membrane reaches the inside of the measuring cell 3.
  • the measuring cell works on the principle of electrochemical oxidation and serves as a measuring element for the detection of harmful concentrations of harmful gas in the inhaled air, which can no longer be retained or removed by the upstream gas filter 10 in the event of exhaustion.
  • the measuring cell 3 measures a certain harmful pollutant concentration, which indicates that the pollutant retained in the gas filter breaks through, which means that the gas filter 10 is exhausted.
  • the warning device 1 with the connection piece 2a is connected directly to the gas filter 10 designed as a filter sleeve and with the connection piece 2b to the breathing tube 11 with the full mask 12.
  • the warning device 1 is connected between the gas filter 10 and the full face mask 12.
  • Fig. 6 shows the electronic circuit arrangement of the warning device 1 as a block diagram, consisting of the electrochemical measuring cell 3 which is followed by a signal amplifier 13 and this a threshold switch 14 and the light emitting diode 6 and the acoustic signal generator 7.
  • a battery 15 is provided with a battery monitor 16, which indicates the consumption of the battery on the light-emitting diode 6 and the signal transmitter 7 optically and acoustically.
  • the switching threshold of the threshold switch 14 is set to the measurement signal corresponding to the alarm-triggering measurement value, which corresponds to a certain harmful gas concentration which indicates the end of the usage time of the gas filter 10.
  • the measurement signal coming from the measuring cell 3 exceeds the set switching threshold (alarm threshold) of the threshold switch 16, its output becomes conductive and the LED 6 and the signal transmitter 7 are activated and trigger the optical and acoustic alarm.
  • the gas filter 10 is then used up.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine elektrische Warneinrichtung mit optischen und akustischen Alarmgebern zur Anzeige des Erschöpfungszustandes eines Schadgase aus der Luft entfernenden bzw. zurückhaltenden oder in Weniger schädliche Stoffe umwandelnden Gasfilters in Verbindung mit einem Atemanschluß. Es ist eine Erschöpfungsanzeige für einen Raumfilter bekannt, der aus zwei Filterteilen besteht, die untereinander strömungsmäßig durch ein Rohr verbunden sind, von dem seitlich abgehend über eine Rohranordnung die Erschöpfungsanzeige angeordnet ist, die nach einem elektrolytischen Meßprinzip arbeitet (FR-A-843 542).
Weiterhin ist eine Erschöpfungsanzeige bekannt, bei der in das Filtermate - rial mindestens zwei Elektroden in einem bestimmten Abstand zueinander angeordnet sind (DE-A-25 29 058).
Hierbei ist zunächst die Ausbildung einer elektrisch leitenden Verbindung zwischen den Elektroden nicht möglich und es wird erst bei ansteigender Erschöpfung des Filtermaterials zwischen den Elektroden eine stromleitende Verbindung hergestellt. Eine Anzeigeeinrichtung mit optischen und akustischen Alarmgebern zeigt dann den Stromdurchgang in Abhängigkeit von dem Erschöpfungszustand des Filtermaterials an. Nachteilig ist, daß es sich hierbei einerseits um ein im Wirkungsgrad ziemlich ungenaues Meßprinzip handelt und andererseits durch die Anordnung der das Warnsystem darstellenden Elektroden inmitten des Filtermaterials des Gasfilters, dadurch eine vorzeitige Erschöpfung angezeigt werden kann, obwohl das Filtermaterial noch Schadgase aufnehmen könnte.The invention relates to an electrical warning device with optical and acoustic alarm devices for displaying the state of exhaustion of a harmful gas from the air removing or restraining or converting into less harmful substances in connection with a breathing connection. A depletion indicator for a spatial filter is known, which consists of two filter parts which are connected to one another in terms of flow by a tube, from which the depletion indicator, which works according to an electrolytic measuring principle, is arranged laterally via a tube arrangement (FR-A-843 542) .
Furthermore, a depletion indicator is known in which at least two electrodes are arranged in the filter material at a certain distance from one another (DE-A-25 29 058).
In this case, the formation of an electrically conductive connection between the electrodes is initially not possible, and an electrically conductive connection is only established between the electrodes when the filter material becomes exhausted. A display device with optical and acoustic alarm devices then shows the current passage as a function of the state of exhaustion of the filter material. The disadvantage is that this is on the one hand a rather imprecise measuring principle in terms of efficiency and on the other hand, due to the arrangement of the electrodes representing the warning system in the middle of the filter material of the gas filter, premature exhaustion can be indicated, although the filter material could still absorb harmful gases.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Warneinrichtung zur Anzeige des Erschöpfungszustandes eines Schadgase zurückhaltenden Gasfilters zu schaffen die eine sichere Erschöpfungsanzeige bei optimaler Ausnutzung der Gebrauchsdauer des Gasfilters gewährleistet.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a warning device for indicating the state of exhaustion of a gas filter which retains harmful gases and which ensures reliable indication of exhaustion with optimal utilization of the service life of the gas filter.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten vorteile bestehen insbesondere darin, daß einerseits die Haltezeit des Gasfilters gegenüber der bisher üblichen erheblich erhöht werden kann und andererseits eine sichere Erschöpfungsanzeige gegeben ist.The advantages achieved with the invention consist in particular in that, on the one hand, the holding time of the gas filter can be increased considerably compared to that previously used and, on the other hand, there is a reliable indication of exhaustion.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine Seitenansicht des die Warneinrichtung aufnehmenden Gehäuses teilweise geschnitten
Fig. 2
eine Draufsicht auf das Gehäuse mit Warneinrichtung bei abgenommenem Gehäusedeckel,
Fig. 3
ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Filtergerätes, wobei die Warneinrichtung direkt an die Vollmaske angeschlossen und über einen Atemschlauch mit einer Filterbüchse verbunden ist,
Fig. 4
ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Filtergerätes, wobei die Warneinrichtung direkt an die Filterbüchse angeschlossen und über den Atemschlauch mit der Vollmaske verbunden ist,
Fig. 5
ein Ausführungsbeispiel des Filtergerätes, wobei die Warneinrichtung zwischen einem Gasfilter und der Vollmaske geschaltet ist, und
Fig. 6
ein Blockschaltbild der Warneinrichtung

Wie aus den Figuren 1 und 2 ersichtlich ist, besteht die Warneinrichtung 1 aus einem patronenartigen Gehäuse 2 mit zwei gegenüberliegenden Anschlußstutzen 2a und 2b, in das eine elektrochemische Meßzelle 3, eine Batterie 4, eine elektronische Schaltung 5, eine Leuchtdiode 6, ein akustischer Signalgeber 7 und ein Wärmeaustauscher 8 untergebracht sind. An der Gehäuseseite des Anschlußstutzens 2a ist ein Ausatemventil 9 vorgesehen. Der Wärmeaustauscher 8 ist nur dann erforderlich, wenn die Warneinrichtung 1 beispielsweise bei einem Kohlenmonoxid-Gasfilter eingesetzt wird, weil dann mit einer Erwärmung der Einatemluft von über 35° C zu rechnen ist und die elektrochemische Meßzelle 3 vor diesen heißen Temperaturen geschützt werden muß. Bei Verwendung eines Wärmeaustauschers 8 ist die Warneinrichtung 1 in Pendelatmung zu beatmen, so daß das Ausatemventil des Atemanschlusses dichtgesetzt werden muß. Für den Fall, daß die Einatemtemperatur unter 35° C liegt, ist in der Warneinrichtung 1 kein Wärmeaustauscher erforderlich. Das hat zur Folge, daß die Warneinrichtung 1 dann auch kein Ausatemventil 9 aufweist, da wegen des fehlenden Wärmeaustauschers die Warneinrichtung 1 nicht in Pendelatmung beatmet werden muß.
Es gibt bereits elektrochemische Meßzellen zum Nachweis von Kohlenmonoxid, Chlor, Schwefelwasserstoff, Blausäure und Sauerstoff, die in die Warneinrichtung 1 für die entsprechenden Gasfilter einsetzbar sind.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. It shows:
Fig. 1
a side view of the housing receiving the warning device partially cut
Fig. 2
a plan view of the housing with warning device with the housing cover removed,
Fig. 3
an embodiment of a filter device, the warning device being connected directly to the full face mask and connected to a filter sleeve via a breathing tube,
Fig. 4
An embodiment of a filter device, the warning device being connected directly to the filter sleeve and connected to the full face mask via the breathing tube.
Fig. 5
an embodiment of the filter device, wherein the warning device is connected between a gas filter and the full mask, and
Fig. 6
a block diagram of the warning device

As can be seen from Figures 1 and 2, the warning device 1 consists of a cartridge-like housing 2 with two opposite connecting pieces 2a and 2b, into which an electrochemical measuring cell 3, a battery 4, an electronic circuit 5, a light-emitting diode 6, an acoustic signal generator 7 and a heat exchanger 8 are housed. An exhalation valve 9 is provided on the housing side of the connecting piece 2a. The heat exchanger 8 is only required if the warning device 1 is used, for example, in a carbon monoxide gas filter, because heating of the inhaled air of over 35 ° C. is then to be expected and the electrochemical measuring cell 3 must be protected from these hot temperatures. If a heat exchanger 8 is used, the warning device 1 is to be ventilated in alternating breathing, so that the exhalation valve of the breathing connection must be sealed. In the event that the inhalation temperature is below 35 ° C, no heat exchanger is required in the warning device 1. The result of this is that the warning device 1 then does not have an exhalation valve 9, since the warning device 1 does not have to be ventilated in alternating breathing because of the lack of a heat exchanger.
There are already electrochemical measuring cells for the detection of carbon monoxide, chlorine, hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid and oxygen, which can be used in the warning device 1 for the corresponding gas filter.

Aus den Figuren 3 bis 5 ist ersichtlich, wie die Warneinrichtung 1 in einem Filtergerät eingebaut werden kann.
So ist in Fig. 3 das patronenartige Gehäuse 2 der Warneinrichtung 1 einerseits mit dem Anschlußstutzen 2a an dem zum Gasfilter 10 führenden Atemschlauch 11 angeschlossen und andererseits mit dem Anschlußstutzen 2b direkt an die Vollmaske 12. Das Gasfilter 10 kann z. B. auch eine Filterbüchse sein. Die Funktionsweise der derart in ein Filtergerät eingebauten Warneinrichtung, und zwar bei einem z. B. Kohlenmonoxid zurückhaltenden Gasfilter, ist folgende:
Das Gasfilter 10 wird in einer Richtung beatmet, d. h. die Einatemluft I strömt durch das Gasfilter und durch die Warneinrichtung 1 in die Vollmaske 12 des Benutzers. Die Ausatemluft II passiert dann die Warneinrichtung 1 bis hinter den Wärmeaustauscher 8 und strömt über das Ausatemventil 9 ab. Hieraus wird deutlich, daß die Warneinrichtung 1 in Pendelatmung beatmet wird. Der Wärmeaustauscher 8 wird durch die Ausatemluft II gekühlt, so daß beim erneuten Einatmen die heiße Einatemluft I aus dem Gasfilter 10 abgekühlt wird, und zwar vorteilhaft auf beispielsweise unter 40 C, um eine einwandfreie Funktion der elektrochemischen Meßzelle 3 zu gewährleisten, wenn die Einatemluft über einen in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Bypaß durch Diffusion durch eine Teflonmembran in das Innere der Meßzelle 3 gelangt.
Die Meßzelle arbeitet nach dem Prinzip der elektrochemischen Oxidation und dient als Meßelement zum Nachweis schädlicher Schadgaskonzentrationen in der Einatemluft, die von dem vorgeschalteten Gasfilter 10 im Falle des Erschöpfungszustandes nicht mehr zurückgehalten bzw. entfernt werden können. Mit anderen Worten: die Meßzelle 3 mißt eine bestimmte schädliche Schadstoffkonzentration, die anzeigt, daß der im Gasfilter zurückgehaltene Schadstoff durchbricht, was bedeutet, daß das Gasfilter 10 erschöpft ist.From Figures 3 to 5 it can be seen how the warning device 1 can be installed in a filter device.
Thus, in Fig. 3, the cartridge-like housing 2 of the warning device 1 is connected on the one hand with the connection piece 2a to the breathing hose 11 leading to the gas filter 10 and on the other hand with the connection piece 2b directly to the full face mask 12. The gas filter 10 can, for. B. can also be a filter canister. The functioning of the warning device installed in this way in a filter device, specifically with a z. B. Carbon monoxide retaining gas filter is as follows:
The gas filter 10 is ventilated in one direction, ie the inhaled air I flows through the gas filter and through the warning device 1 into the full face mask 12 of the user. The exhaled air II then passes the warning device 1 to behind the heat exchanger 8 and flows out via the exhalation valve 9. From this it is clear that the warning device 1 is ventilated in pendulum breathing. The heat exchanger 8 is cooled by the exhaled air II, so that the hot inhaled air I is cooled from the gas filter 10 when inhaled again, and advantageously to below 40 C, for example, in order to ensure proper functioning of the electrochemical measuring cell 3 when the inhaled air is above a bypass, not shown in the drawing by diffusion through a Teflon membrane reaches the inside of the measuring cell 3.
The measuring cell works on the principle of electrochemical oxidation and serves as a measuring element for the detection of harmful concentrations of harmful gas in the inhaled air, which can no longer be retained or removed by the upstream gas filter 10 in the event of exhaustion. In other words: the measuring cell 3 measures a certain harmful pollutant concentration, which indicates that the pollutant retained in the gas filter breaks through, which means that the gas filter 10 is exhausted.

In Fig. 4 ist die Warneinrichtung 1 mit dem Anschlußstutzen 2a direkt an den als Filterbüchse ausgebildeten Gasfilter 10 und mit dem Anschlußstutzen 2b an den Atemschlauch 11 mit der Vollmaske 12 angeschlossen.In Fig. 4, the warning device 1 with the connection piece 2a is connected directly to the gas filter 10 designed as a filter sleeve and with the connection piece 2b to the breathing tube 11 with the full mask 12.

In Fig. 5 ist die Warneinrichtung 1 zwischen dem Gasfilter 10 und der Vollmaske 12 geschaltet.5, the warning device 1 is connected between the gas filter 10 and the full face mask 12.

Fig. 6 zeigt die elektronische Schaltungsanordnung der Warneinrichtung 1 als Blockschaltbild, bestehend aus der elektrochemischen Meßzelle 3 der ein Signalverstärker 13 und diesem ein Schwellwertschalter 14 sowie die Leuchtdiode 6 und der akustische Signalgeber 7 nachgeschaltet ist. Zur Energieversorgung der Schaltungsanordnung ist eine Batterie 15 mit einer Batterieüberwachung 16 vorgesehen, die den Verbrauch der Batterie an der Leuchtdiode 6 und dem Signalgeber 7 optisch und akustisch anzeigt.
Die Schaltschwelle des Schwellwertschalters 14 ist auf das den alarmauslösenden Meßwert entsprechende Meßsignal eingestellt, das einer bestimmten Schadgas-Konzentration entspricht, die das Ende der Gebrauchszeit des Gasfilters 10 anzeigt. Überschreitet beispielsweise das von der Meßzelle 3 kommende Meßsignal die eingestellte Schaltschwelle (Alarmschwelle) des Schwellwertschalters 16, so wird dessen Ausgang leitend und die Leuchtdiode 6 sowie der Signalgeber 7 werden aktiviert und lösen den optischen und akustischen Alarm aus. Das Gasfilter 10 ist dann verbraucht.Fig. 6 shows the electronic circuit arrangement of the warning device 1 as a block diagram, consisting of the electrochemical measuring cell 3 which is followed by a signal amplifier 13 and this a threshold switch 14 and the light emitting diode 6 and the acoustic signal generator 7. To supply power to the circuit arrangement, a battery 15 is provided with a battery monitor 16, which indicates the consumption of the battery on the light-emitting diode 6 and the signal transmitter 7 optically and acoustically.
The switching threshold of the threshold switch 14 is set to the measurement signal corresponding to the alarm-triggering measurement value, which corresponds to a certain harmful gas concentration which indicates the end of the usage time of the gas filter 10. If, for example, the measurement signal coming from the measuring cell 3 exceeds the set switching threshold (alarm threshold) of the threshold switch 16, its output becomes conductive and the LED 6 and the signal transmitter 7 are activated and trigger the optical and acoustic alarm. The gas filter 10 is then used up.

Claims (6)

  1. Electric alarm device with optical and acoustic alarm transmitters to indicate the degree of depletion of a gas filter which removes or retains toxic gases from the air or converts them into less toxic substances in conjunction with a breathing attachment, characterised in that
    a) the electric alarm device (1) connected to the breathing attachment (12) is designed as a unit that is completely separate from the gas filter (10) and is fitted downstream of the gas filter in the direction of flow, and
    b) the alarm device (1) consists of a cartridge-type housing (2) with a connecting piece (2a and 2b) on either side in which an electrochemical measuring cell (3), which operates as a measuring element to detect hazardous concentrations of toxic gas, is arranged together with electronic circuitry (5) and the optical and acoustic alarms (6 and 7) as well as a heat exchanger (8) which divides the housing (2) into two chambers (A and B); whereby chamber A has an outlet valve (9) and the optical and acoustic alarms are a LED (6) and a signal transmitter (7) respectively.
  2. Alarm device according to Claim 1, characterised in that the electronic circuitry (5) for the electrochemical measuring cell (3), the signal transmitter (7) and the LED (6) are located behind the heat exchanger (8) in the other chamber (B) of the housing (2).
  3. Alarm device according to Claim 2, characterised in that a battery (15) is provided to supply energy to the circuitry (5), with a battery monitor (16) which indicates the depletion of the battery (15) at the LED (6) and the signal transmitter (7).
  4. Alarm device according to Claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the alarm device located between the breathing attachment (12) and the gas filter (10) can be ventilated in pendular fashion, whereby the exhaled air (II) flows through the heat exchanger (8) and the outlet valve (9).
  5. Alarm device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that when it flows through the alarm device (1), the inhaled air (I) reaches the interior of the measuring cell (3) by diffusion via a bypass.
  6. Alarm device according to Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the electronic circuitry (5) of the alarm device (1) has a threshold switch (14), the switching threshold of which can be set to a measuring signal which corresponds to the measured value that activates the alarm; this signal corresponds to a particular toxic gas concentration measured by the measuring cell (3), which concentration indicates the end of the service life of the gas filter (10).
EP87105362A 1986-04-22 1987-04-10 Warning device for indicating the state of exhaustion of a gas filter Expired - Lifetime EP0246444B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3613512A DE3613512C3 (en) 1986-04-22 1986-04-22 Electrical warning device for displaying the state of exhaustion of a gas filter which retains harmful gases
DE3613512 1986-04-22

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0246444A2 EP0246444A2 (en) 1987-11-25
EP0246444A3 EP0246444A3 (en) 1990-08-22
EP0246444B1 true EP0246444B1 (en) 1993-02-03

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EP87105362A Expired - Lifetime EP0246444B1 (en) 1986-04-22 1987-04-10 Warning device for indicating the state of exhaustion of a gas filter

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US (1) US4873970A (en)
EP (1) EP0246444B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3613512C3 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0246444A3 (en) 1990-08-22
DE3613512A1 (en) 1987-10-29
DE3613512C2 (en) 1994-09-29
DE3613512C3 (en) 1994-09-29
US4873970A (en) 1989-10-17
EP0246444A2 (en) 1987-11-25
DE3783944D1 (en) 1993-03-18

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