US1474205A

US1474205A - Gas mask

Info

Publication number: US1474205A
Application number: US507083A
Authority: US
Inventors: Roscoe P Mase
Original assignee: Mine Safety Appliances Co
Current assignee: MSA Safety Inc
Priority date: 1921-10-11
Filing date: 1921-10-11
Publication date: 1923-11-13
Anticipated expiration: 1940-11-13

Description

Nov. 13 1923. 1,474,25

R. P. MASE GAS MASK Filed Oct. 11, 1921 SSheets-Sheet 1 R m a W W a w v u 6 3 1 741/ 6 3 a M x Q 4/ 1. g i a w 2. 4 rm F I I5 1 Mm Eases GAS MASK R. P. MASE Filed Oct. 11.

n a a n o o vw m w m m mw Nov. 13 1923.

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Mum/6556 R. P. MA'sE GAS MASK File d Oct. 11, 1921 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 QP CP.

iwmvmK I I To all whom it may concern:

. the mask;

Patent Nov. .13, 19.

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aoscon r. wise. or wrrxmsmme, PENNSYLVANIA, assieNon 'ro MINE sarri'rr APPLIANCE company, or PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, a ooaroaa'rron or (PENNSYLVANIA.

Be it known that I, Roscoe P. MASE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of. Wilkinsbur in the county of Allegheny and State of ennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Gas Masks, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to gas masks, and the object thereof is to improve their construction and consequent operation. Further andmore specific objects of the invention are to provide a'gas mask iifwhich an exchange of heat is eflected between the incoming contaminated air and the outgoing purified air; a mask in which the purifying materials are protected against the action of air when the mask is not in use, and a mask in which the extent of use of the'puritying material is indicated so that new or fresh purifying material may be substituted when required. e

The invention is illustrated in the ac companying sheets of .drawings of which Fig. 1 is anoutside view of a gas mask; Fig. 2 a vertical sectional view to enlarged scale throu h the air purifying portion of l ig. 3 a plan view of the;portion shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 a transverse sectional view taken on the broken line IV IV Fig. 2; Fig. 5 a plan view to enlarged scale of a use-indicating devicepthe lane of view being indicated by the line V Fig. 1; Fig. 6 a" sectiona view taken on the line VI-VI Fig. 5; Fi 7 a sectional view taken on the line VII II Figf6; Fig. 8 a--view corresponding to Fig. 6 illustratingwa modi-. fication ofconstruction; and Fig. 9 a sec tional view 8. J ne feature of the invention has to do with the provision of a gas mask in which there is an exchange of heat between the incoming and outgoing air to the end that the air-purifying material or'materials n'iaybe maintained at a substantially elevated temperature at' which they function more tion of the mask comprises efi'ectively, and also that fied air to be breathed may have its temperature reduced after having passed through and become heated by the purifying material.

To such end the air-purifying poran outer casing having an air inlet and an air outlet, and

Application filed October 11, 1921.

VVithin the casing there taken on the line lX IX 'causing air to take the outgoing puri eaas masx.

an air-purifying canisterwithin the casing provided also with an air inlet and an air outlet communicating, respectively, with the casing inlet and outlet: outlets of the canister and casing there is arranged a heat-exchanging apparatus whereby the outgoing. air is caused to flow adjacent to the interior surface of an extended wall forming a conduit connecting-member between the two outlets, and whereby the incoming air is caused to flow adjacent to the exterior faces of such'wall.

In the illustrative Between "the embodiment of this feature of the invention, shown particularly in Figs. 2, 3 and 4, the' outer casing is shown as havinga side .wall and a bottom 3. The are preferably both located in the top 2 there being indicated central portion of the t p and two air inlets 5 arranged one on eacld side of. the 5 outlet.

1, a removable" top 2 adapted to be charged with various materials for purifying air, the particular material used'dpending upon the specific use to which it-is desired to put the mask. The canister is provided preferably at its bottom withan air inlet 7 and at its top with an .air outlet 8, the body material being arranged between the inlet and outlet in such manner that the air passes through it.

The heat exchanger includes alternately air inlet and outletanalr outlet 45 at e l W5 is a canister- 6 of air-purifying arranged narrow and wid chambers, the

walls of which form a conduit between the canister and casing outlets. 'A narrow portion 9 adjacent to'the canister outlet joins a widened portion 10 above which there is a .narrow portion 11. As many wide and narrow portions may be provided as are de'- sirable, the heat exchanger shown herein including a second wide portion 12 and an adjoining narrow portion 13 adjacent to the outlet 4. 12 there are arranged bafiie plates 14 for a circuitous path between Within the wide portions 10 and V the canister and easing outlets so that the air may flow adjacent to the inner surface of the extendedheat-exchanger walls. To cause the incoining air to flow adjacent to he exterior faces of the extended walls, the heat-exchanger is provided with

baflies

15 and 16 which form with the exterior of the heatexchanger and the interior of the eascasin ing a circuitous passageway adjacent to the walls of the heat-exchanger. The line of flow ofthe purified air from the canister outlet 8 to the casing outletDgt is indicated by the arrows inside the heat-exchanging portions 9, 10, '11, 12 and 13, and likewise, the path of the incomingfair is indicated by arrows on the outside of said portions and. between them and the

ballies

15 and 16. After the incoming air passes through the heatexchanger it flows downwardly through'the 1 between its inner surface and. the exterior of the canister to the canister inlet 7, the canister being spaced front the casing 'wall to afford such passage-way for the air.

The heat-exchanging apparatus is preferably connected to the casing top or cover 2 by means of rods 17. Th prevent incom' ing air from flowing between the side wall 1 of the casing and the outer edges of the

bafiles

15 and 16, these baflles,are preferably constructed of pliable pads of felt, fabric or the like, the outer edges of which press against an interior felt lining 18 of the besing. A union'coupling may. be provided for attaching'fthe canister to the heat-exchanger, the former being provided withan exteriorly threaded sleeve 19 adjacent to the outlet 8, and the latterwith a union cou pling nut 20 having radiallyidisposed gripping'members. 21. In assembling the airpurifying portionof the mask, a canister 6 is attached tothe heat-exchanger While the top 2 of the casing isremoved. Thereafter, the canister,heat-exchanger and top of the casing are, as a unitary structure, inserted in the casing 1. I The apparatus may then be connected to a conduit leading to a face piece.

The materials with which canisters are charged for the purpose oftremoving vanous gases from air to be breathed deteriorate by thdpassage of air through them. To prevent-air from flowing intothecanister in any osition while the apparatus is not in use, 0th the inlet and outlet of the apparatus are provided with delicately operating check valves which. are normally held closed by s rings. The check valve for the inlet may earranged adjacent to-thecanister inlet '7 and may comprise. a suitable plate 22 urged by means of a spring 23' against avalve seat-24 surrounding the inlet 7. spring 23 beingbacked by means of a gage25. The

check valve for preventing flow of air into the canister through the outlet of the apparatus may be arranged at the inlet of the heat-exchanger. This check valve-may be slmilar to that at the inlet of the canister and may'comprise a plate 26 held against a valve seat 27 by means of a light spring 28 actlng between the plate and .a cage 29., These checkvalves form but slightre'sisb ance to breathing when the apparatus is in use, and prevent air from entering the can i teeth of a user to discern when the air-purifying material is not adequately purifyin the air. In such masks the period of usefu ness of a canister may be reckoned in terms of the amount of air passing through the'purifying material, and this ma be approximated by the number of breats that a user takes ecome through the material. One feature of the present invention has to do with the provi-' v sion of means for visually indicating the extent of use to which the mask has been fput so that when it hasbeen used to the sa ety limit, the user may substitute a fresh canister for the one that has been in use. .Inthe illustrative embodiment of this feature of the invention two forms of iridicators are shown, in one of which the number of breaths which a, user takes throu h the puri fying material is indicated, and'in the other.

of which the indication of the use is more nearl in proportion to the volume of air breat ed through the material. The first-mentioned form of indicatin apparatus is illustrated in 5, 6 and and comprises a casing 30 rov ded with anair inlet31' and an air out et 32. In a position adapted to normally close the inlet 31 there .is a light wei ht plate 32 attached to a strip 33 which is cut around spindle 3-t. The

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free end of strip 33 is bent into the form of a pawl 35 adapted to engage successively the 'tchet wheel 36 keyed to a spin- (1112.37. 'Th's spindle is provided with a worm haft 38 which meshes with a worm wheel 9 keyed to a spindle 40, one end of which is. provided with an indicator finger 41. The upper portion of the casing is provided witha suitable housing 42 in which there is clamped a transparent plate 43 on which a scale may be cut or through which a scale may be read. Casing 30 is provided with a union coupling nut 44 adapted to engage a sleeve 45 formed on the top 2 of the casing, and it is also provided with a threaded sleeve 46 adapted to be connected to a conduit 47 leading to a face piece 48.

In the use of this type of indicator, each inhalation causes plate 32 to rise above the inlet 31withthe result that pawl 35 ad vances ratchet wheel 36. This ratchet is held a ainst reverse movement by means of a suita le delicate spring 49 attached to the casing and engaginq the ratchet teeth in the manner'illustrated. The movements of the ratchet wheel are geared down so that the indicator finger 41 is turned very slowly.

' clearly illustrated in the drawin the scope of the ap .fion may be practiced by other forms of convanes 52 arranged to cause the sp' Figs. 8 and 9, and differs from that just explained in that the indicating hand is actuated more nearly in proportion to the volume of'air flowing through theapparatus. Adjacent to the inlet 50, and parallel to the line of How of the air through it, there is a rotatable spindle 51 provided with pro eller Is to rotate when air flows through the inlet. By a, suitable arrangement of reducing gears the rotation of spindle 51 causes an indicator finger53 to advancein a manner similar to that ex lained with reference to the apparatus of igs. "5, 6 and 7. The indicators are essentially flow meters, serving to indicate the amount of air caused to flow through the breathin apparatus.

Accor ing to the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle and operation of my invention together with an illustrative embodiment thereof. However, I desire to have 1t understood that, within pended claims, my invenstruction than that specifically vshown and described.

1. An air purifying ap aratus comprising an outer casing provided with an air inlet open to the atmos here and 'an air outlet, an air-purifying canister within the casing provided with an communicating respectively with said .casing inlet and outlet, and means in the cas ing for bringing the air that enters the easing into heat-exchanging relation with the purified air that leaves the canister.

2. An air=purifyingapparatus comprisin an outer casing havin its topprovided wit an air inlet open to te atmosphere and an air mlet and an air outlet! an air inlet open -"to the atmosphere and an air outlet, an air-puri ing' canister arranged withln and space from the interior of said casing and provided with an air in let in its bottom and anair outlet in its top communicating, respectively, with said casing inlet and outlet, and means in the casing for bringing air that enters the easing into heat-exchanging relation with the purified air that leaves the canister, the incoming air of the canister to the inlet of the canister. air-purifying apparatus comprising an outer casing having its top provided communicating wlth the casing inlet and.

provided with an air outlet, connected tofsaid canister and casin outlets and provided interiorly wi'th bafiies for causing the purified air to flow through a circuitous path from the canister outlet to the casingputlet, said. heat-exchanger being further provided exteriorly tending to the wall of the casing and form.- ing with the walls'of the casing and heat- ,exchanger a circuitous path through which the incoming air flows to the canister inlet. 5. In a gas. mask, the combination ofa face piece, an air-purifyin vided v'vithan ai inlet an a heat-exchanger apparatus proan 'air outlet, a

with bafiles exconduit connectmg said outlet with the face giece, and means= arranged in the line of ow of air from said inlet to the face piece of use to which the for indicating the extent has-been put.

' air-purifying. apparatus ace piece,

' air-inlet and an air outlet, a conduit con necting said outlet with the face piece, and a flow meter having an inlet connected to the outlet of said casing and having an outlet connected to the face piece, said meter being actuated by the flow of air through -it for indicating the extent, of use to which air outlet, an air-purifying canister in the, the air-purifying apparatus has been put.

lower portion of the casing and provided 3 7. In

with an air inlet communicating with said casing inlet and further provided with an 'air outlet, a bafiied conduit member connectan d having extended walls against which purified air flowing from the canister means within the casing for directing coining air against the outer faces 0 through the casing outlet is directed, and

the inthe extended walls of said conduit member.

3. An air-purifying apparatus comprism an outer casing hav ng a top provided witfi the canister mitlet with the casing-outlet:

a gas mask, the combination of a face piece, an air-purify n a gas mask, the combination of a an air purifier provided with an ing apparatus comprising an outer casing provided with an air inlet and an air outlet and having an airpurifying canister therein, and 6. flow meter having an inletconnected to the outlet of said casing andanoutlet connected tofsaid face piece, fiowof air t hrou h it for indicating the extent of use to which the air-purifying apparatus has been'put.

In testimony whereof -I si m name vRoscon ii. ASE. W

said meter beinglactu'ated by the