EP0674918B1 - Chemical oxygen device - Google Patents

Chemical oxygen device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0674918B1
EP0674918B1 EP95104634A EP95104634A EP0674918B1 EP 0674918 B1 EP0674918 B1 EP 0674918B1 EP 95104634 A EP95104634 A EP 95104634A EP 95104634 A EP95104634 A EP 95104634A EP 0674918 B1 EP0674918 B1 EP 0674918B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chemical
oxygen device
chemical oxygen
bag
breathing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95104634A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0674918A1 (en
Inventor
Michael Dr. Schwichtenberg
Volker Hünnebeck
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Auergesellschaft GmbH
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Auergesellschaft GmbH
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Publication of EP0674918A1 publication Critical patent/EP0674918A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/08—Respiratory apparatus containing chemicals producing oxygen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B18/00—Breathing masks or helmets, e.g. affording protection against chemical agents or for use at high altitudes or incorporating a pump or compressor for reducing the inhalation effort
    • A62B18/08—Component parts for gas-masks or gas-helmets, e.g. windows, straps, speech transmitters, signal-devices
    • A62B18/088—Devices for indicating filter saturation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a chemical oxygen device according to the preamble of the claim 1.
  • Chemical cartridges for breathing apparatus are known in the prior art. Such a chemical cartridge is described in DE-C-26 35 376. In this version, this is limited by an upper and lower space Chemical from the exhaled air through a forehead and lateral surface of the chemical volume flows through and passes as breathable air through a circumference with holes provided central tube in a breathing bag.
  • the particle filter is immediately on Inhalation valve arranged.
  • Inhalation valve arranged for devices based on the principle of pendulum breathing work (DE-A-41 37 331), an additional heat exchanger is necessary. Leading this means that when the user inhales, the filter and / or heat exchanger resistance must be overcome.
  • the invention is based on an embodiment shown in the drawing explained in more detail.
  • the figure shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the chemical oxygen device according to the invention.
  • the chemical cartridges (2) are on the exhalation side with a breathing bag (3) for the Exhaled air connected, at the input of an exhalation valve (5), in which a Fan (8) and on the wall of a pressure relief valve (11) is arranged.
  • On the inhalation side are the chemical cartridges (2) with a breathing bag (7) for the Inhaled air connected, at the entrance of a particle filter (6) and at the Output an inhalation valve (4) is arranged.
  • an energy source (10) e.g. a battery or a Accumulator arranged.
  • the operator of the chemical oxygen device according to the invention requires exhalation only overcome the breathing resistance of the exhalation valve (5). Overcoming the breathing resistance of the chemical cartridges (2) and the Particle filter (6) takes over the blower (8), which for the first time in chemical oxygen devices is used.
  • the conditions of use of the chemical oxygen device according to the invention are further improved by the evaluation unit (9), which is available at all times Indicates the supply of breathing gas.
  • the display can e.g. through the evaluation the device parameters of the fan (8) and the resulting one Consumption of chemical takes place in the form of the remaining stock.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Chemikalsauerstoffgerät nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a chemical oxygen device according to the preamble of the claim 1.

Nach dem Stand der Technik sind Chemikalpatronen für Atemschutzgeräte bekannt. Eine derartige Chemikalpatrone wird in der DE-C-26 35 376 beschrieben. Bei dieser Ausführung wird das durch einen oberen und unteren Raum begrenzte Chemikal von der Ausatemluft über eine Stirn und Mantelfläche des Chemikalvolumens durchströmt und gelangt als atembare Luft über ein am Umfang mit Bohrungen versehenes Zentralrohr in einen Atembeutel.Chemical cartridges for breathing apparatus are known in the prior art. Such a chemical cartridge is described in DE-C-26 35 376. In this version, this is limited by an upper and lower space Chemical from the exhaled air through a forehead and lateral surface of the chemical volume flows through and passes as breathable air through a circumference with holes provided central tube in a breathing bag.

Dabei ist von Nachteil, daß neben der unzureichenden Durchströmung des Chemikals und damit verbundene Begrenzung der Einsatzdauer derartiger Geräte durch eine unvollständige Nutzung des Chemikals in der Einsatzzeit eine erhebliche Belastung der Träger dieses Atemschutzgerätes durch die Notwendigkeit der Überwindung hoher Atemwiderstände besteht.The disadvantage here is that in addition to the insufficient flow through the chemical and the associated limitation of the duration of use of such devices an incomplete use of the chemical during the period of use is a considerable burden the wearer of this respirator due to the need to overcome there is high breathing resistance.

Eine verbesserte Chemikalpatrone für Atemschutzgeräte, die den Nachteil der unzureichenden Durchströmung überwindet und damit zu einer besseren Ausnutzung des Chemikals führt, ist aus der DE-A-41 26 685 bekannt. Gemäß dieser Lösung sind zwei Rohrstutzen in der Chemikalpatrone so angeordnet, daß auch Randbereiche des Chemikals mit größerer Sicherheit von der Ausatemluft durchströmt werden.An improved chemical cartridge for breathing apparatus that has the disadvantage of being inadequate Flow overcomes and thus for better utilization the chemical leads is known from DE-A-41 26 685. According to this solution two pipe sockets in the chemical cartridge arranged so that edge areas of the chemical are exhaled more reliably.

Nachteil dieser Lösung ist, daß bei dieser verbesserten Lösung eine von den Einsatzbedingungen unabhängige Einsatzzeit mit einer Sicherheitsreserve vorgegeben werden muß und, daß durch den Anwender dieser Atemschutzgeräte ebenfalls hohe Atemwiderstände zu überwinden sind.The disadvantage of this solution is that this improved solution is one of the operating conditions independent operating time with a safety reserve must be and that by the user of these respirators as well high breathing resistance must be overcome.

Bei handelsüblichen Chemikalsauerstoffgeräten ist das Partikelfilter unmittelbar am Einatemventil angeordnet. Bei Geräten, die nach dem Prinzip der Pendelatmung arbeiten (DE-A-41 37 331), ist zusätzlich ein Wärmetauscher notwendig. Das führt dazu, daß beim Einatmen durch den Benutzer der Filter- und/oder Wärmetauscherwiderstand überwunden werden muß.With commercially available chemical oxygen devices, the particle filter is immediately on Inhalation valve arranged. For devices based on the principle of pendulum breathing work (DE-A-41 37 331), an additional heat exchanger is necessary. Leading this means that when the user inhales, the filter and / or heat exchanger resistance must be overcome.

Zum Stand der Technik gehören weiterhin Chemikalsauerstoffgeräte, die mit einer zeitgesteuerten Verbrauchsanzeige angeboten werden (DE-A-19 01 243), oder über eine Verbrauchsbestimmung über die Anzahl der Atemzüge des Geräteträgers verfügen (US-A-14 74 205). Dabei muß aus Sicherheitsgründen bei diesen Lösungen immer mit einer unvollständigen Nutzung des Chemikals in der Einsatzzeit kalkuliert werden, da sowohl die Zeitsteuerung als auch die Steuerung über die Atemzüge immer nur unabhängig von den Einsatzbedingungen sein kann. The state of the art also includes chemical oxygen devices with a time-controlled consumption display are offered (DE-A-19 01 243), or via a consumption determination on the number of breaths of the wearer (US-A-14 74 205). For security reasons, these solutions must be used always calculated with incomplete use of the chemical during the period of use as both timing and breath control can only ever be independent of the operating conditions.

Es ist weiterhin ein Chemikalsauerstoffgerät bekannt, bei dem zum besseren Heranführen der Ausatemluft an das Chemikal ein Ventilator eingesetzt wird (DE-A-40 23 013). Diese Lösung hat den Nachteil, daß die gesamte Ausatemluft zur Sauerstofferzeugung herangezogen wird, d.h. daß keine bedarfsgerechte Bereitstellung von Sauerstoff erfolgt, sondern gegebenenfalls zu viel Sauerstoff erzeugt wird. Der Ventilator trägt nicht zur Reduzierung der Atemwiderstände bei, sondern dient lediglich der besseren Durchströmung des Chemikals mit Ausatemluft.A chemical oxygen device is also known in which for better introduction a ventilator is used for the exhaled air to the chemical (DE-A-40 23 013). This solution has the disadvantage that the entire exhaled air for oxygen generation is used, i.e. that no need-based provision of oxygen, but if necessary too much oxygen is generated. Of the Fan does not help to reduce breathing resistance, it only serves the better flow of chemical through exhaled air.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, die Einsatzbedingungen von Chemikalsauerstoffgeräten durch eine Reduzierung der Atemwiderstände und durch eine Verbrauchsanzeige, die jederzeit den noch verfügbaren Vorrat an Atemgas anzeigt, zu verbessern. The invention is therefore based on the object, the conditions of use Chemical oxygen devices by reducing breathing resistance and through a consumption display, which always shows the available supply of breathing gas indicates to improve.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile bestehen darin; daß eine vorgegebene Menge Chemikal zur Erzeugung von Sauerstoff optimal und unabhängig von den Einsatzbedingungen ausgenutzt wird, wodurch eine längere Einsatzzeit für das Atemschutzgerät möglich ist.The advantages achieved with the invention are; that a given Amount of chemical for generating oxygen optimally and independently of the Operating conditions is exploited, which means a longer operating time for the Respirator is possible.

Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims.

Die Erfindung wird anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Die Fig. zeigt eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Chemikalsauerstoffgerätes.The invention is based on an embodiment shown in the drawing explained in more detail. The figure shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of the chemical oxygen device according to the invention.

Wie aus der Fig. erkennbar ist, wird das Chemikalsauerstoffgerät in Kreislaufatmung betrieben.As can be seen from the figure, the chemical oxygen device is in breathing circuit operated.

Es besteht aus einem tragbaren Gehäuse (1) in dem zwei Chemikalpatronen (2), die als Chemikal eine CO2 bindende und O2 abgebende Substanz, z.B. Kaliumhyperoxid, enthalten, nebeneinander angeordnet sind.It consists of a portable housing (1) in which two chemical cartridges (2), which contain a CO 2 binding and O 2 releasing substance, eg potassium hyperoxide, are arranged side by side.

Die Chemikalpatronen (2) sind ausatemseitig mit einem Atembeutel (3) für die Ausatemluft verbunden, an dessen Eingang ein Ausatemventil (5), in dem ein Gebläse (8) und an dessen Wandung ein Überdruckventil (11) angeordnet ist. Einatemseitig sind die Chemikalpatronen (2) mit einem Atembeutel (7) für die Einatemluft verbunden, an dessen Eingang ein Partikelfilter (6) und an dessen Ausgang ein Einatemventil (4) angeordnet ist. Zur Energieversorgung des Gebläses (8) ist im Gehäuse (1) eine Energiequelle (10), z.B. eine Batterie oder ein Akkumulator, angeordnet.The chemical cartridges (2) are on the exhalation side with a breathing bag (3) for the Exhaled air connected, at the input of an exhalation valve (5), in which a Fan (8) and on the wall of a pressure relief valve (11) is arranged. On the inhalation side are the chemical cartridges (2) with a breathing bag (7) for the Inhaled air connected, at the entrance of a particle filter (6) and at the Output an inhalation valve (4) is arranged. For energy supply to the fan (8) is in the housing (1) an energy source (10), e.g. a battery or a Accumulator arranged.

Zur Zündung des Chemikals in den Chemikalpatronen (2) sind an deren Boden Zündvorrichtungen (12) angeordnet. Gebläse (8), Energiequelle (10) und die Zündvorrichtungen sind elektrisch mit einer Auswerteeinheit (9) verbunden.To ignite the chemical in the chemical cartridges (2) are on the bottom Ignition devices (12) arranged. Blower (8), energy source (10) and the Ignition devices are electrically connected to an evaluation unit (9).

Die Durchströmung der einzelnen Bauteile des Chemikalsauerstoffgerätes wird durch Pfeile in der Zeichnung dargestellt.The flow through the individual components of the chemical oxygen device is represented by arrows in the drawing.

Bei der Ausatmung braucht der Betreiber des erfindungsgemäßen Chemikalsauerstoffgerätes lediglich den Atemwiderstand des Ausatemventils (5) überwinden. Die Überwindung der Atemwiderstände der Chemikalpatronen (2) und des Partikelfilters (6) übernimmt das Gebläse (8), das erstmals in Chemikalsauerstoffgeräten eingesetzt wird.The operator of the chemical oxygen device according to the invention requires exhalation only overcome the breathing resistance of the exhalation valve (5). Overcoming the breathing resistance of the chemical cartridges (2) and the Particle filter (6) takes over the blower (8), which for the first time in chemical oxygen devices is used.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung des Partikelfilters (6) am Eingang des Einatembeutels (7) wurde erreicht, daß der Betreiber beim Einatmen lediglich den Atemwiderstand des Einatemventils überwinden muß und nicht, wie bei Lösungen des Standes der Technik üblich, durch eine Verbindung von Einatemventil und Filter zusätzlich den Atemwiderstand des Partikelfilters (6). The inventive arrangement of the particle filter (6) at the entrance of the Inhalation bag (7) was achieved so that the operator only inhaled must overcome the breathing resistance of the inhalation valve and not, as with solutions of the prior art, through a connection of inhalation valve and filter additionally the breathing resistance of the particle filter (6).

Die Einsatzbedingungen des erfindungsgemäßen Chemikalsauerstoffgerätes werden weiter durch die Auswerteeinheit (9) verbessert, die jederzeit den verfügbaren Vorrat an Atemgas anzeigt. Die Anzeige kann z.B. durch die Auswertung der Geräteparameter des Gebläses (8) und dem daraus sich ergebenden Verbrauch an Chemikal in Form des noch vorhandenen Vorrates erfolgen.The conditions of use of the chemical oxygen device according to the invention are further improved by the evaluation unit (9), which is available at all times Indicates the supply of breathing gas. The display can e.g. through the evaluation the device parameters of the fan (8) and the resulting one Consumption of chemical takes place in the form of the remaining stock.

Die Auswerteeinheit (9) dient weiterhin der Anzeige des Ladezustandes der Energiequelle (10) und der Auslösung der Initialzündungen über die Zündvorrichtungen (12).The evaluation unit (9) also serves to display the charge status of the Energy source (10) and the triggering of the initial ignitions via the ignition devices (12).

Die Chemikalpatronen (2) sind als Doppelmantelbehälter, die mit einem Kühlmedium ausgerüstet sind, ausgebildet, um das durch eine exotherme Reaktion entstehende warme Einatemgas zu kühlen.The chemical cartridges (2) are double-walled containers with a cooling medium are equipped, trained to the result of an exothermic reaction to cool warm inhaled gas.

Claims (4)

  1. Chemical oxygen device with one or more CO2-bonding and O2-releasing chemical canisters (2) arranged in a housing (1), a breathing bag (3) for the exhaled air, which is arranged in a breathing bag (7) for the inhaled air, inhalation valve (4), exhalation valve (5) and a particle filter (6), characterized by the fact that a bellows (8) is arranged between the exhalation bag (3) and chemical canisters (2), which is connected to an evaluation unit (9), and the particle filter (6) is arranged at the input of the inhalation bag (7) [sic; (7)].
  2. Chemical oxygen device according to Claim 1, characterized by the fact that an energy source (10) for bellows (8), which is connected to the evaluation unit (9), is arranged in housing (1).
  3. Chemical oxygen device according to Claim 1, characterized by the fact that the chemical canisters (2) are designed as double-jacketed containers to receive a coolant and contain ignition devices (12) that are connected to the evaluation unit (9).
  4. Chemical oxygen device according to Claim 1, characterized by the fact that an overpressure valve (11) is arranged in exhalation bag (3).
EP95104634A 1994-04-02 1995-03-29 Chemical oxygen device Expired - Lifetime EP0674918B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4411560A DE4411560C1 (en) 1994-04-02 1994-04-02 Chemical oxygen@ supply equipment
DE4411560 1994-04-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0674918A1 EP0674918A1 (en) 1995-10-04
EP0674918B1 true EP0674918B1 (en) 1998-10-07

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EP95104634A Expired - Lifetime EP0674918B1 (en) 1994-04-02 1995-03-29 Chemical oxygen device

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US (1) US5613488A (en)
EP (1) EP0674918B1 (en)
AU (1) AU682251B2 (en)
DE (1) DE4411560C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2126172T3 (en)
ZA (1) ZA952720B (en)

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US6142151A (en) * 1999-04-16 2000-11-07 United Technologies Corporation Spool valve for switching air flows between two beds
DE10304394B4 (en) * 2003-02-04 2005-10-13 Dräger Safety AG & Co. KGaA Respirator with a breathing gas circuit
DE102005015275B3 (en) 2005-03-25 2006-09-28 Msa Auer Gmbh Method and apparatus for determining the residual capacity of respirable air for an oxygen-producing, circulatory respirator
GB2427365B (en) * 2005-06-17 2011-03-30 Alex Deas Rebreather with gradual CO2 breakthrough
WO2007109897A1 (en) * 2006-03-28 2007-10-04 Joseph Fisher Method and apparatus for ventilation assistance
US9498656B2 (en) 2012-07-11 2016-11-22 B/E Aerospace, Inc. Aircraft crew member protective breathing apparatus
US9545530B2 (en) 2012-07-11 2017-01-17 B/E Aerospace, Inc. Aircraft crew member protective breathing apparatus
CN105473187A (en) 2013-07-10 2016-04-06 Be航天公司 Aircraft crew member protective breathing apparatus
CN104616434B (en) * 2015-02-11 2017-04-26 徐波 Registration system for inside fire attack firemen
CN117734910B (en) * 2023-09-27 2024-05-24 中国人民解放军海军特色医学中心 Reactant tank for circulating type scuba gear and use state monitoring method

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DE4137331A1 (en) * 1991-11-13 1993-05-19 Auergesellschaft Gmbh CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEVICE

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU1624495A (en) 1995-10-12
AU682251B2 (en) 1997-09-25
ES2126172T3 (en) 1999-03-16
EP0674918A1 (en) 1995-10-04
DE4411560C1 (en) 1995-08-03
US5613488A (en) 1997-03-25
ZA952720B (en) 1995-12-21

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