EP0242500B1 - Dispositif pour l'accélération de projectiles par un plasma chauffé électriquement - Google Patents

Dispositif pour l'accélération de projectiles par un plasma chauffé électriquement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0242500B1
EP0242500B1 EP87100186A EP87100186A EP0242500B1 EP 0242500 B1 EP0242500 B1 EP 0242500B1 EP 87100186 A EP87100186 A EP 87100186A EP 87100186 A EP87100186 A EP 87100186A EP 0242500 B1 EP0242500 B1 EP 0242500B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
electrode
plasma
electrodes
fact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87100186A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0242500A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfram Dr. Witt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
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Rheinmetall GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0242500A1 publication Critical patent/EP0242500A1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B6/00—Electromagnetic launchers ; Plasma-actuated launchers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for accelerating projectiles located in a tube closed on one side by an electrically heated plasma with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the present invention was therefore based on the object of further developing a device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the corresponding tube parts are subject to only slight wear, even with a high weft sequence.
  • the invention is therefore essentially based on the fact that the spread of the plasma is no longer initiated by parts of the accelerator itself, as in the known devices, but rather that both the initiation of the gas discharge and the subsequent heating processes in easily replaceable separate units in which the projectile is also located. Therefore, not only the projectiles but rather the entire cartridge are preferably fed to the tube.
  • a known acceleration device is shown again, such as that in the report by Goldstein et. al. is described in more detail.
  • Fig. 1 denotes a tube which is closed on one side and on the tube bottom of which the closure is located a first electrode 2 is arranged.
  • a second electrode (ring electrode) 3 is connected to the first electrode 2 via a voltage source 4 and a switch.
  • the two electrodes 2 and 3 define a plasma chamber designated 6 in the tube 1, which is initially closed in the area of the ring electrode 3 by a projectile 7 to be accelerated.
  • this device has the disadvantage that the part of the tube forming the plasma space is subject to extremely high wear due to the material evaporation and heating processes.
  • FIG. 2 The cartridge 8 shown in FIG. 2 and then its function in connection with a gun (FIG. 3) will be described in more detail below.
  • the cartridge 8 essentially consists of the projectile 80, a sleeve 81 surrounding the projectile, a second electrode 82 designed as a contact ring and a first electrode 83 designed as a contact piece.
  • the first electrode 83 and the second electrode 82 are separated by an insulating piece 84.
  • the second electrode 82 has a contact plate ring 85 on its front side and a contact plate ring 86 on its rear side.
  • the first electrode 83 has a contact lamella 87 on its side facing away from the projectile 80.
  • a splat-shaped discharge space 88 is located between the projectile 80 and the first electrode 83.
  • the sleeve 81 can preferably consist of a combustible, light-gas material, for example polyethylene, and the insulating body 84 can be made of polycarbonate.
  • light-gassing materials are substances that break down into molecules (gases) with a low molecular weight (molecular weight ⁇ 30) under the effect of the arc discharge.
  • aluminum was used as the material for the electrodes 82 and 83.
  • Fig. 3 shows how the cartridge 8 is arranged in a plasma gun.
  • Lichen parts, such as the closure were only shown schematically.
  • a base piece 91 is screwed onto the tube 90, for example.
  • Both an inner conductor 92 and an outer conductor 93, which is electrically separated from the inner conductor 92 by insulating means 94, are guided through an opening 95 of the base piece 91 into the sealing space of the tube 90, which is not specifically designated.
  • the inner conductor 92 is then contacted in the sealing space via the contact lamella disk 87 with the first electrode 83.
  • the outer conductor 93 is correspondingly connected to the ring electrode 82 via the contact lamella ring 86.
  • the contacts 85, 86 and 87 of the cartridge are pressed firmly against the tube 90 and against the coaxial first electrode by the pressure of the base piece 91.
  • An elastic silicone rubber seal 97 is arranged between the insulating means 94 and the insulating piece 84 for electrical sealing.
  • a voltage is applied between the inner conductor 92 and the outer conductor 93.
  • the acceleration process is then initiated by a gas discharge which forms between the first electrode 83 and the coaxial electrode 82 in the narrow gap 88 and which is indicated by 96 in FIG. 3.
  • a gas discharge which forms between the first electrode 83 and the coaxial electrode 82 in the narrow gap 88 and which is indicated by 96 in FIG. 3.
  • material is vaporized and predominantly in the base areas of the hot arc heated up.
  • further material is evaporated by the close contact of the arc with the walls of the gap 88. The resulting pressure drives the projectile 80 towards the pipe end.
  • a plasma forms behind the projectile 80 in the increasing combustion chamber.
  • the plasma consists of a current-carrying stem in the axis of the accelerator and (if a sleeve 81 made of plastic is used) a current-carrying sleeve which is pressed against the sleeve 81 by the current forces that occur. Due to the close contact of the plasma shell with the sleeve 81, the latter is vaporized on the surface and thus further material is supplied to the plasma.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further exemplary embodiment according to the invention.
  • the same parts as in Fig. 2 have been given the same reference numerals.
  • the projectile 80 with the sleeve 81 on the one hand and on the other hand the electrodes 82, 83 provided with the contact blades 85, 86, 87 with the insulating piece 84 are each combined to form a unit.
  • Such a division into separate structural units makes it possible first to introduce the projectile 80 with the sleeve 81 and in a subsequent period of time the unit consisting of electrodes 82, 83 and insulating piece 84 into the gun barrel. Such a division and loading into two time periods is often necessary, especially for large-caliber weapons.
  • FIG. 5 shows a simplified circuit diagram for operating the plasma cannon according to the invention.
  • the schematically illustrated plasma cannon was designated by 10 and the simplified circuit diagram by 11. Only a projectile 100 was shown in the plasma gun 10 instead of a cartridge. 101 denotes the first electrode and 102 denotes the second electrode, which is connected to the tube.
  • a drive for. B. a motor powered by a liquid fuel
  • 111 denotes a DC generator.
  • the voltage generated by the direct current generator is fed via switch 112 to a capacitance 113, which acts as a capacitive energy store.
  • the capacitance 113 is connected on the one hand to the first electrode 101 via a switch 114 and on the other hand to the second electrode 102 via an inductance 116.
  • the capacitance 113 can be short-circuited via a switch 115.
  • the capacitive energy store 113 is charged to the voltage Uo.
  • the gap-shaped space 88 can also be filled with a slightly gassing substance (e.g. polyethylene). Because the additional material evaporation of this substance increases the plasma pressure, so that the projectile leaves the tube 90 at a higher speed.
  • a slightly gassing substance e.g. polyethylene

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
  • Magnetic Treatment Devices (AREA)
  • Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Claims (5)

1. Dispositif pour accélérer un projectile se trouvant dans un tube fermé d'un seul côté par un plasma chauffé électriquement dans lequel, pour produire le plasma, on prévoit deux électrodes, la première électrode étant disposée coaxialement dans la partie côté culasse du tube et la seconde électrode étant réalisée sous la forme d'une électrode annulaire caractérisé en ce que tous les composants soumis à une fort usure (81, 82, 83), y compris les deux électrodes (81, 82), peuvent être changés, et en ce que les composants (81, 82, 83) soumis à une forte usure sont rassemblés, avec le projectile (80), dans une cartouche (8) pouvant également être changée sur la partie côté culasse (9) du tube (90), et en ce que les deux électrodes (82, 83) forment, avec le projectile (8), une chambre de décharge en forme de fente (88).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la cartouche comprend deux unités (figure 4), la première unité contenant le projectile (80) et une enveloppe (81) entrourant le projectile, et la seconde unité contenant les électrodes (82, 83) pourvues de lamelles de contact (85, 86, 87) et une pièce isolante (84) placée entre les électrodes (82, 83).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des matières se gazéifiant facilement se trouvent dans la chambre de décharge en forme de fente (88).
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise du polyéthylène, comme matière se gazéifiant facilement.
5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le projectile (80) est entouré par une douille combustible (81) qui est constituée par une matière se gazéifiant facilement.
EP87100186A 1986-04-19 1987-01-09 Dispositif pour l'accélération de projectiles par un plasma chauffé électriquement Expired - Lifetime EP0242500B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863613259 DE3613259A1 (de) 1986-04-19 1986-04-19 Vorrichtung zur beschleunigung von projektilen durch ein elektrisch aufgeheiztes plasma
DE3613259 1986-04-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0242500A1 EP0242500A1 (fr) 1987-10-28
EP0242500B1 true EP0242500B1 (fr) 1990-04-04

Family

ID=6299057

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87100186A Expired - Lifetime EP0242500B1 (fr) 1986-04-19 1987-01-09 Dispositif pour l'accélération de projectiles par un plasma chauffé électriquement

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0242500B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62248999A (fr)
DE (2) DE3613259A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2013729B3 (fr)
NO (1) NO870473L (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH067040B2 (ja) * 1988-03-29 1994-01-26 防衛庁技術研究本部長 電磁加速装置
DE3814331A1 (de) * 1988-04-28 1989-11-09 Rheinmetall Gmbh Vorrichtung zur beschleunigung von projektilen
US5042359A (en) * 1988-04-28 1991-08-27 Rheinmetall Gmbh Projectile accelerating device
DE3814332C2 (de) * 1988-04-28 1997-05-15 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Vorrichtung zur Beschleunigung von Projektilen
DE3814330C2 (de) * 1988-04-28 1997-05-15 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Elektrothermische Beschleunigungsvorrichtung
DE3816300A1 (de) * 1988-05-13 1989-11-23 Tzn Forschung & Entwicklung Kartusche fuer elektrothermische abschussvorrichtungen
DE3830902C1 (fr) * 1988-09-10 1992-04-09 Diehl Gmbh & Co, 8500 Nuernberg, De
DE3910566A1 (de) * 1989-04-01 1990-10-04 Diehl Gmbh & Co Vorrichtung zum beschleunigen eines projektils mittels eines plasmas
DE3921400C2 (de) * 1989-06-29 1997-03-27 Deutsch Franz Forsch Inst Kanonenanordnung
DE3924056A1 (de) * 1989-07-21 1991-01-24 Diehl Gmbh & Co Vorrichtung zur beschleunigung von projektilen durch ein elektrisch aufgeheiztes plasma
DE4028874A1 (de) * 1990-09-12 1992-03-19 Diehl Gmbh & Co Elektrothermische kanone
DE4132657C2 (de) * 1991-10-01 1996-02-08 Tzn Forschung & Entwicklung Elektrothermische Abschußvorrichtung und Kartusche zur Verwendung in derartigen Vorrichtungen
DE19617895C2 (de) * 1996-05-04 1998-02-26 Rheinmetall Ind Ag Plasmainjektionsvorrichtung
CN113916050B (zh) * 2021-10-19 2023-06-20 西南科技大学 一种电弧放电赋能气体驱动的二级轻气炮

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3431816A (en) * 1967-07-21 1969-03-11 John R Dale Mobile gas-operated electrically-actuated projectile firing system
US4170922A (en) * 1977-09-16 1979-10-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Ignitor
US4534263A (en) * 1982-07-19 1985-08-13 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Electromagnetic launcher with high repetition rate switch
DE3321034A1 (de) * 1983-06-10 1984-12-13 Messerschmitt-Bölkow-Blohm GmbH, 8012 Ottobrunn Elektromagnetische kanone

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62248999A (ja) 1987-10-29
EP0242500A1 (fr) 1987-10-28
ES2013729B3 (es) 1990-06-01
NO870473D0 (no) 1987-02-06
NO870473L (no) 1987-10-20
DE3762165D1 (de) 1990-05-10
DE3613259C2 (fr) 1989-12-21
DE3613259A1 (de) 1987-10-29

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