EP0239838B1 - Verwendung einer rasch abgeschreckten Legierung auf Eisen-Chrom-Kobalt-Basis - Google Patents

Verwendung einer rasch abgeschreckten Legierung auf Eisen-Chrom-Kobalt-Basis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0239838B1
EP0239838B1 EP19870103341 EP87103341A EP0239838B1 EP 0239838 B1 EP0239838 B1 EP 0239838B1 EP 19870103341 EP19870103341 EP 19870103341 EP 87103341 A EP87103341 A EP 87103341A EP 0239838 B1 EP0239838 B1 EP 0239838B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
iron
cobalt
alloy
chromium
alloys
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19870103341
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0239838A1 (de
Inventor
Robert Dr. Cremer
Kurt Dr. Emmerich
Hans-Rainer Dr. Hilzinger
Stefan Hock
Hans Prof. Dr. Warlimont
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Vacuumschmelze GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0239838A1 publication Critical patent/EP0239838A1/de
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Publication of EP0239838B1 publication Critical patent/EP0239838B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/0302—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity characterised by unspecified or heterogeneous hardness or specially adapted for magnetic hardness transitions
    • H01F1/0306—Metals or alloys, e.g. LAVES phase alloys of the MgCu2-type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/02—Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing or insulating thereof
    • H01J29/06—Screens for shielding; Masks interposed in the electron stream
    • H01J29/07—Shadow masks for colour television tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2229/00—Details of cathode ray tubes or electron beam tubes
    • H01J2229/07—Shadow masks
    • H01J2229/0727—Aperture plate
    • H01J2229/0733—Aperture plate characterised by the material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of a quenched at a cooling rate of about 103 to 106 K / s alloy of the iron-chromium-cobalt type of 10 to 45% chromium, 3 to 35% cobalt, the rest of iron including unavoidable impurities, one of ⁇ - and / or ⁇ -phase precipitates has practically free microcrystalline structure, as a magnetically hard or semi-hard material in the form of tape, wire or filament.
  • alloys based on iron-chromium-cobalt have become increasingly important as permanent magnet materials or as magnetically semi-hard materials in recent years acquired.
  • comparable permanent magnet properties can be achieved for this new material group as for the known AlNiCo permanent magnets.
  • the reason for the magnetic hardening of the alloys is spinodal separation of the ferritic starting structure into a strongly ferromagnetic Fe-Co-rich ⁇ 1 phase and a non-magnetic or only weakly magnetic Cr-rich ⁇ 2 phase, which is caused by a hardening treatment at temperatures below 650 ° C is set.
  • the material is cast in block casting after melting.
  • the subsequent hot forming by hot rolling or forging must be carried out at a sufficiently high temperature above the area of existence of the ⁇ phase, which limits the temperature range for the hot forming.
  • the temperature of the ⁇ phase formation essentially depends on the alloy composition, whereby the ⁇ phase formation shifts to higher temperatures with increasing chromium content.
  • the hot-worked material must be cooled immediately from the hot working process or from a subsequent solution treatment. This is achieved, for example, by quenching the material in water from temperatures above 1000 ° C.
  • the material can then be processed to the desired final dimensions by cold processing such as rolling to tape or drawing to wire.
  • the invention has for its object to provide thin strips, wires or filaments made of magnetic alloys of the iron-chromium-cobalt type which, after a suitable heat treatment, have improved mechanical and favorable magnetic properties.
  • the solution to this problem according to the invention consists in the use of an iron-chromium-cobalt-type alloy quenched with a cooling rate of about 103 to 106 K / s of 10 to 45% chromium, 3 to 35% cobalt, the rest iron including unavoidable impurities, which has a microcrystalline structure that is practically free of ⁇ and / or ⁇ phase precipitations, as a magnetically hard or semi-hard material in the form of a strip, wire or filament.
  • the cooling rate of about 103 to 106 K / s is achieved by bringing alloys in the liquid state into contact with one or more effective heat sinks using the known methods of rapid solidification technology (eg Journal of Metals (1984) 20).
  • the rapidly solidified product takes the form of tapes (one or two-roll casting process) or wires (Taylor process) or filaments (melt extraction process). All these rapidly solidified products have in common that they are extremely thin in at least one dimension and have a microcrystalline structure which essentially contains only the ⁇ phase. Due to the rapid solidification, the proportion of precipitates in the ⁇ and ⁇ phases can practically be avoided in comparison to conventionally produced and solution-annealed materials of the same composition.
  • the iron-chromium-cobalt-based alloys to be used according to the invention is, in particular, the extensive avoidance of the ⁇ and ⁇ phase precipitations which are responsible for unfavorable magnetic properties or for embrittlement.
  • the rapidly solidified end product, strip, wire or filament can be produced in a one-step process, avoiding the costly process steps of hot forming and solution annealing.
  • the alloy to be used is given a microcrystalline structure without complex cold forming.
  • the magnetic optimization of the alloy takes place by spinodal segregation by means of heat treatment measures known per se, which are expediently carried out in a magnetic field.
  • Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a light micrograph of the casting structure of an alloy of 29.5% chromium and 23% cobalt, the rest essentially iron.
  • FIG. 2 shows a transmission electron microscope (TEM) image of typical grain boundaries of the cast structure of an alloy made of 29.5% chromium, 23% cobalt, the rest essentially iron (magnification 21,000: 1).
  • TEM transmission electron microscope
  • FIG. 3 shows a TEM image of the segregation structure of an alloy made of 29.5% chromium, 23% cobalt, the remainder essentially iron, after a gradual magnetic heat treatment in the temperature range from 550 to 650 ° C. (magnification 95,000: 1).
  • the structure of the rapidly solidified strip essentially shows stem crystallization, the mean grain diameter being 5 ⁇ m. An excretion of the magnetically unfavorable ⁇ phase could not be observed. A finely crystalline structure that is practically free of ⁇ -precipitates would only be achievable in the conventional manufacturing process by expensive solution annealing and subsequent cold working.
  • the rapidly solidified strip was subjected to conventional heat treatment at temperatures below 650 ° C. for magnetic curing. Additional investigations of the structure of the heat-treated tapes showed that the material is completely spinodal segregated. Exceptions of ⁇ phase could only be found on the grain boundaries in very isolated cases. However, the volume fraction of the ⁇ phase precipitates was below 1%.
  • the magnetically hardened state was adjusted by a multi-stage final heat treatment in the temperature range from 550 to 650 ° C.
  • the ⁇ phase is spinodal separated into an ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 phase.
  • this segregation structure is shown in a TEM image.
  • the thin magnetic material strips produced using the single-roll process have a thickness of 20 to 300 ⁇ m and a microcrystalline structure with an average grain diameter of 1 to 50 ⁇ m.
  • the magnetic material to be used according to the invention can preferably be used wherever, in particular, broad strips of magnetic alloys of the iron-chromium-cobalt type are required, for example for the production of shadow masks for picture tubes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
EP19870103341 1986-04-04 1987-03-09 Verwendung einer rasch abgeschreckten Legierung auf Eisen-Chrom-Kobalt-Basis Expired - Lifetime EP0239838B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863611342 DE3611342A1 (de) 1986-04-04 1986-04-04 Verwendung einer rasch abgeschreckten legierung auf eisen-chrom-kobalt-basis
DE3611342 1986-04-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0239838A1 EP0239838A1 (de) 1987-10-07
EP0239838B1 true EP0239838B1 (de) 1991-02-27

Family

ID=6297945

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870103341 Expired - Lifetime EP0239838B1 (de) 1986-04-04 1987-03-09 Verwendung einer rasch abgeschreckten Legierung auf Eisen-Chrom-Kobalt-Basis

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0239838B1 (ja)
JP (1) JPS6324047A (ja)
DE (2) DE3611342A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0634759A3 (en) * 1993-07-14 1995-02-22 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh Semi-hard and deformable iron based permanent magnet alloy.
DE19611461C2 (de) * 1996-03-22 1999-05-12 Dresden Ev Inst Festkoerper Verwendung einer Eisen-Chrom-Kobalt-Basis-Legierung
US6696016B1 (en) * 1999-09-24 2004-02-24 Japan As Represented By Director General Of National Research Institute For Metals High-chromium containing ferrite based heat resistant steel
DE10206544B4 (de) * 2002-02-16 2017-11-30 Dr. Johannes Heidenhain Gmbh Getriebe sowie mit diesem Getriebe ausgestatteter Drehgeber
DE10327082B4 (de) 2003-06-13 2007-06-21 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Rotationssymmetrischer Hohlkörper aus einer verformbaren dauermagnetischen Legierung sowie dessen Verwendung und Herstellverfahren
DE102009043462A1 (de) 2009-09-30 2011-03-31 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh & Co. Kg Magnetischer Streifen, Sensor aufweisend einen magnetischen Streifen und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines magnetischen Streifens

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1084033B (de) * 1955-08-31 1960-06-23 Beteiligungs & Patentverw Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von dauermagnetischen Halbzeugen aus teilweise austenitischen Eisen-Kobalt-Legierungen mit Zusatz mindestens eines weiteren Metalls
WO1981000643A1 (en) * 1979-08-24 1981-03-05 Western Electric Co Magnetic alloys containing fe-cr-co
US4475961A (en) * 1980-01-30 1984-10-09 At&T Bell Laboratories High remanence iron-manganese alloys for magnetically actuated devices
JPS5760055A (en) * 1980-09-29 1982-04-10 Inoue Japax Res Inc Spinodal decomposition type magnet alloy
JPS57149456A (en) * 1981-03-10 1982-09-16 Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd Dendritic fe-cr-co magnet alloy
DE3334369C1 (de) * 1983-09-23 1984-07-12 Thyssen Edelstahlwerke AG, 4000 Düsseldorf Dauermagnetlegierung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3768113D1 (de) 1991-04-04
DE3611342A1 (de) 1987-10-08
EP0239838A1 (de) 1987-10-07
JPS6324047A (ja) 1988-02-01

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