EP0239817B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Raumsicherung - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Raumsicherung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0239817B1
EP0239817B1 EP87103031A EP87103031A EP0239817B1 EP 0239817 B1 EP0239817 B1 EP 0239817B1 EP 87103031 A EP87103031 A EP 87103031A EP 87103031 A EP87103031 A EP 87103031A EP 0239817 B1 EP0239817 B1 EP 0239817B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
air pressure
room
measured
secured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87103031A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0239817A3 (en
EP0239817A2 (de
Inventor
Hans-Dieter Mayer
Klaus Hirrlinger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hirschmann Electronics GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Hirschmann Electronics GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hirschmann Electronics GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Hirschmann Electronics GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT87103031T priority Critical patent/ATE82082T1/de
Publication of EP0239817A2 publication Critical patent/EP0239817A2/de
Publication of EP0239817A3 publication Critical patent/EP0239817A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0239817B1 publication Critical patent/EP0239817B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/20—Actuation by change of fluid pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for securing space according to the preamble of claims 1 and 11 respectively.
  • Alarm systems are known from DE-A-2 714 942 and DE-A-2 729 710 and from EP-A-0 039 142 in which an overpressure or underpressure is generated and maintained in the room to be monitored or in a cavity in a door becomes.
  • the pressure drops when there is overpressure in the room to be monitored or in the cavity of the door, or the pressure rises when the room to be secured is under vacuum. This change in pressure is used as an alarm trigger.
  • Alarm systems of this type are expensive, in particular because of the high energy expenditure required to maintain the overpressure or underpressure.
  • such an alarm system fails in the event of a power failure.
  • such a system is susceptible to external influences such as gusts of wind and strong external air movements, so that malfunctions occur.
  • an electrical alarm circuit in which air movements which occur due to an intruder moving in the room are determined by a bolometer amplifier circuit and this air movement is then used to trigger the alarm.
  • the alarm is not triggered by measuring the air pressure or a pressure difference, but only by air movements occurring in the room, which occur in various ways and not only when doors or windows are opened or broken, but can also occur, for example, with strong wind pressure or air circulation due to heat influences. The alarm is therefore not defined and specific enough.
  • a room security system in which a sound field, for example with a loudspeaker, is preferably generated in a frequency range below the hearing limit of 15 Hz in the room to be monitored and this sound field is measured with a pressure sensor, such as a microphone becomes.
  • Phase, frequency or amplitude changes in the sound field caused by intruders moving in the room or by opening or closing doors or windows are used to trigger the alarm.
  • this system can be outsmarted by slowly opening or closing the doors and windows, it is particularly prone to false alarms that a sound field change also due to external influences, such as strong gusts of wind, especially in drafty rooms and air movements in the room, and thus an alarm is triggered.
  • an intrusion security system in which the air pressure measured inside the space to be secured, the low-frequency changes, in particular in the range from 0.01 to 1 Hz, are filtered out from the frequency spectrum of changes in air pressure determined and the alarm is given when such low-frequency changes are detected.
  • Practical testing of this system did, in principle, result in good sensitivity, the susceptibility and interference from environmental and external influences, as well as less strong walls, other air movements and, for example, changes in air pressure in this frequency range, which were caused by trucks or aircraft flying past however, so strong that a safe, trouble-free alarm was not possible.
  • this system is due to slow opening and Closing windows and doors very easily tricked.
  • FR-A-2 569 027 a room security method is known, in which at least one sensor is provided in each case outside and inside.
  • the output signals of the transducers are evaluated by subjecting the sound signals or the frequency bands to a spectrum analysis in an analog or numerical manner, either by correlating and / or comparing the signals.
  • the known method is based on the principle of recognizing signals in the infrasound range which are associated with the special circumstances, for example opening a door or breaking a window.
  • the signal evaluation provided and described for this purpose has the task of reliably detecting and determining a useful signal typical of a break-in from the noise even when very unfavorable circumstances, for example strong wind, occur.
  • This known system is particularly recommended when the area to be protected is in such a noisy environment that the signal to be detected is lost in the ambient noise.
  • the typical intrusion signal i.e. the useful signal
  • the basis of the known method is therefore that between the interior to be protected and the exterior different frequency spectra are available.
  • the sound spectrum of the interior to be protected contains additional frequency components, which arise when opening the door or window when entering the room.
  • additional frequency components arise when opening the door or window when entering the room.
  • the principle of operation of the known arrangement is based on the generation of sound, in particular in the infrasound range, namely by changing the state, for example by opening doors or windows. This makes it easy to outwit the principle of action of the known method, for example by carefully opening windows and doors, with no additional sound.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying and creating methods and devices of the type mentioned at the outset with which a reliable alarm alarm, which is secure against tampering and sabotage, takes place when intrusion into the space to be secured.
  • the method and the device should, in particular, also manage with low energy consumption, so that the supply in the event of a power failure can take place via an emergency power system and the alarm system thus remains functional even in the event of a power failure.
  • this change in the air passage resistance is now measured so that an alarm is triggered if there is a significant change, for example by opening a door or a window.
  • the particular advantage of the method according to the invention is that an alarm triggering by environmental influences, such as strong gusts of wind, wind pressure on the building, other changes in air pressure or air movements in the outside atmosphere, which are caused, for example, by passing vehicles or flying planes, do not interfere with the measuring method according to the invention. It has been found that fluctuations in air pressure which occur in the outside atmosphere, for example on the outer skin of the building, also occur in a closed space or in the interior in a corresponding manner, but with a reduced amplitude and with a certain phase shift. Both the amplitude damping and the phase shift are significantly determined by the air pressure resistance.
  • the principle according to the invention is therefore based on the bypass function which, in contrast to the mode of operation of the method known from FR-A-2 569 027, indicates the state of an open door or an open window by means of a minimum of air passage resistance which lasts as long as the open one Condition exists.
  • the air passage resistance for air pressure fluctuations is in a frequency range from 0.01 Hz to 10 Hz, preferably in one Measured range from 0.1 Hz to 5 Hz.
  • the availability of this measuring method is therefore higher than 1:106 or 99.9999%.
  • the method according to the invention is therefore very well suited for use in connection with alarm systems, since a possible brief non-functioning of the system of the order of magnitude of a few seconds can hardly be detected otherwise.
  • the possible short-term non-occurrence of fluctuations in air pressure is in no way predictable and therefore usable.
  • the method according to the invention is very secure against trickery and sabotage.
  • the air pressure fluctuations in the frequency ranges mentioned are below the audible sound waves and do not occur in a regular form. In all likelihood, they arise in the free atmosphere from air turbulence on the surface of the earth, which results from air movements even in the imperceptible area and is practically always present.
  • the rates of change of the air pressure fluctuations can be described with individual sections from frequency curves, frequencies in the said range between 0.01 and 10 Hz, in particular in a range from 0.1 to 5 Hz.
  • the air pressure is measured in each case by the air movements caused by fluctuations in air pressure.
  • This has the advantage that, instead of the absolute pressure, only air pressure fluctuations have to be measured.
  • the air pressure fluctuations superimposed on a base pressure are very small in relation to the base pressure. Therefore, the evaluation of the difference signal from the measured values of absolutely measuring pressure measuring devices is relatively complex.
  • the method according to the invention can therefore be further improved by measuring only the air movements and thus only the air pressure fluctuations, that is to say not the absolute values, as far as simplicity, safety and sensitivity are concerned.
  • a bolometer which is located in a small opening of a rigid hollow body and has a volume of at least 500 cm 3, is preferably used to measure the air movements and thus the air pressure fluctuations.
  • the bolometer is heated to an excess temperature.
  • the bolometer is used in the small opening or in a thin connecting tube, which can also have the shape of a venturi tube, so that there is an air exchange between the hollow body and the Outside air sweeps past the bolometer and cools the bolometer, which is heated to overtemperature. Due to the very low heat capacity of semiconductor bolometers, the cooling or the change in resistance can be used directly as a measure of the speed of the air flowing past. It has been found in examinations that the air exchange through the opening in the hollow body and thus the speed of the air flowing past exactly follows the air pressure fluctuations occurring in the outside space.
  • This embodiment leads to an extremely safe and sensitive method for securing the room even when only very small fluctuations in air pressure occur.
  • a bolometer it is also possible to measure the air passage resistance in the manner described above on the basis of the amplitude and / or phase differences.
  • the air passage resistance is measured by the air movements caused by air pressure fluctuations in a connecting pipe between the space to be secured and the outside atmosphere.
  • the air movements in the connecting tube between the space to be secured and the outside atmosphere are preferably measured using a bolometer, the space to be secured or the building and its air volume acting like the rigid hollow body described above. Now only a single bolometer measuring tube is required to carry out the method.
  • fluctuations in air pressure trigger changing air movements in the connecting pipe, which are measured with the bolometer and evaluated for the alarm.
  • the last-described embodiment of the method of measuring the air passage resistance due to the air movements in a connecting pipe between the room to be secured and the outside atmosphere caused by air pressure fluctuations can be modified such that air pressure pulses are generated in the room to be secured.
  • the air pressure pulses should again preferably be in a frequency range from 0.01 to 10 Hz. They can be encoded or randomly generated. While it was assumed in the previously described embodiments of the method according to the invention for measuring the air flow resistance that the air pressure fluctuations in the outside atmosphere are greater than in the interior to be secured, i.e.
  • the latter embodiment consists of a reversal insofar as the larger amplitudes of the air pressure fluctuations occur in the room to be secured and not in the outside atmosphere, because air pressure pulses or fluctuations are artificially generated in the room to be secured.
  • the principle according to the invention remains the same, since these air pressure fluctuations, which now occur in the interior with a higher amplitude, also cause corresponding air movements in the connecting pipe, which are detected and filtered out by the bolometer.
  • the amplitudes of the bolometer output signal increase due to the lower air movement through the connecting pipe off, which in turn creates an alarm criterion.
  • the measured air movements are preferably related to the generated air pressure pulses. This means that a comparison is carried out with regard to the amplitudes, phases and / or frequencies between the measured air movements and the generated air pressure pulses in the manner of a reference system. This further increases the security for an alarm and an insufficiency that is hardly given anyway, since the alarm procedure works reliably even in the event of a brief absence of atmospheric pressure fluctuations in the outside atmosphere, for example in buildings in deeply cut valleys in which the falling asleep Air pressure fluctuations could possibly occur more frequently. Since the energy consumption for generating air pressure pulses in the interior to be monitored is very low, one can get by with emergency power systems. Another embodiment of the invention consists in artificially generating air pressure pulses in the space to be secured only when the natural air pressure fluctuations in the outside atmosphere fall below a certain value.
  • a sabotage alarm is triggered when the air passage resistance exceeds a predetermined value.
  • a sabotage could be conceivable, in which a device for measuring the air pressure either inside or outside is destroyed or deactivated, or the connecting pipe between the inside and outside is clogged. As a result, the air flow resistance could also remain above a predetermined value and an alarm would not be triggered, although a door or a window is opened.
  • This possibility of sabotage is excluded with the measure according to the invention in that an upper threshold value for the air passage resistance is set, when it is exceeded a sabotage alarm is triggered.
  • Both the upper and the lower threshold of the air passage resistance can be adapted to the circumstances of the individual case, such as the degree of tightness of the building.
  • the method according to the invention can be used in a wide range of applications compared to conventional systems, such as glass break detectors, etc.
  • the method according to the invention is also particularly suitable for small interiors, such as in motor vehicles, caravans, boats, etc.
  • a device for carrying out the method in that in each case a pressure measuring device is arranged in a room to be secured and in the outside atmosphere, the measured values of which are fed to an evaluation circuit which determines the amplitude and / or phase difference of these measured values Circuit level, and includes a threshold level and emits an alarm signal when the amplitude and / or phase difference falls below a predetermined value.
  • a further embodiment of the device according to the invention consists in that a connecting pipe is provided between a room to be secured and the outside atmosphere, the measured values of which are fed to an evaluation circuit which emits an alarm signal when the amplitude of the measured value signal falls below a predetermined value.
  • the pressure measuring device or the device measuring the air movements is preferably a bolometer.
  • Another preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention is characterized in that to be secured An air pulse generator is arranged in the room, which emits air pressure pulses which are measured as air movements in the device arranged in the connecting pipe and measuring the air movement.
  • the measurement signal is related in relation to the generated air pressure pulses in terms of amplitude and / or phase.
  • a room 1 to be monitored as is shown schematically in FIG. 1, has a window 2 to be opened.
  • a pressure measuring device 3 In the room 1 to be secured there is a pressure measuring device 3 and in the outside atmosphere there is another pressure measuring device 4.
  • the two measuring devices 3 and 4 are connected to an evaluation circuit 5, the output signal of which represents the alarm signal.
  • the pressure measuring devices 3 and 4 are preferably located in the vicinity of the doors and windows to be secured, since the amplitude damping and phase shift depend to a certain extent on the position of the pressure measuring devices.
  • the distance between the two cans should preferably be small compared to the propagation speed of the sound in order to keep the dependence of the amplitude attenuation and phase shift on the distance of the two measuring cans within limits.
  • FIG. 2 To measure the air pressure fluctuations, it is advantageous to use the bolometer arrangement shown schematically in FIG. 2.
  • This arrangement consists of a rigid hollow body with a volume of at least 500 cm3.
  • a bolometer is arranged as a sensor 8 in the opening or in the measuring tube 7.
  • the bolometer is preferably a semiconductor bolometer with a very low heat capacity. It is heated electrically to a certain, constant overtemperature.
  • the output signal of the bolometer reaches the evaluation circuit 5 via a line 9, which corresponds to the evaluation circuit in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 A further embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 3.
  • a measuring tube 10 which forms a connection between the outside atmosphere and the room 1 to be secured.
  • a bolometer 11 the output signals of which are fed to an evaluation circuit 12.
  • the evaluation circuit is also connected to an air pulse generator 13, which is arranged in the room 1 to be secured and emits air pressure pulses into the interior.
  • the air pressure pulses can be encoded or randomly generated.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
EP87103031A 1986-04-03 1987-03-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Raumsicherung Expired - Lifetime EP0239817B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87103031T ATE82082T1 (de) 1986-04-03 1987-03-04 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur raumsicherung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3611184 1986-04-03
DE3611184A DE3611184C1 (de) 1986-04-03 1986-04-03 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Raumsicherung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0239817A2 EP0239817A2 (de) 1987-10-07
EP0239817A3 EP0239817A3 (en) 1990-05-16
EP0239817B1 true EP0239817B1 (de) 1992-11-04

Family

ID=6297838

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87103031A Expired - Lifetime EP0239817B1 (de) 1986-04-03 1987-03-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Raumsicherung

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4853690A (enrdf_load_html_response)
EP (1) EP0239817B1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
JP (1) JPS62237600A (enrdf_load_html_response)
AT (1) ATE82082T1 (enrdf_load_html_response)
DE (2) DE3611184C1 (enrdf_load_html_response)

Families Citing this family (18)

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GB2234068A (en) * 1989-03-13 1991-01-23 * Mistry Chand Infra-sonic detectors for use in alarm systems
JP2928359B2 (ja) * 1990-09-07 1999-08-03 住友金属鉱山株式会社 ドアを有する室内の人体存在検知装置
JP2563642Y2 (ja) * 1992-01-31 1998-02-25 矢崎総業株式会社 移動体の検知装置
US5473938A (en) * 1993-08-03 1995-12-12 Mclaughlin Electronics Method and system for monitoring a parameter of a vehicle tire
US5581023A (en) * 1994-10-31 1996-12-03 Handfield; Michael Pressure transducer for monitoring a pneumatic tire
JP3613005B2 (ja) 1998-05-15 2005-01-26 オムロン株式会社 圧力センサ及びドア開閉監視システム
US6437694B1 (en) * 1999-04-30 2002-08-20 Jung K. Lee Air controlled sensor
US8266465B2 (en) 2000-07-26 2012-09-11 Bridgestone Americas Tire Operation, LLC System for conserving battery life in a battery operated device
US7161476B2 (en) 2000-07-26 2007-01-09 Bridgestone Firestone North American Tire, Llc Electronic tire management system
JP2003006752A (ja) * 2001-06-18 2003-01-10 M I Labs:Kk 建物の侵入警報信号発生装置及び方法
NO317999B3 (no) * 2002-06-28 2010-07-05 Sts Gruppen As Anordning for sikring av driften av et habitat
US20040122704A1 (en) * 2002-12-18 2004-06-24 Sabol John M. Integrated medical knowledge base interface system and method
AU2005242181B2 (en) * 2005-12-09 2011-09-22 Jackson, Ian Mr Usage of air pulse techniques within pipelines as applied to securing assets against unauthorised access
KR101297409B1 (ko) * 2009-12-14 2013-08-19 한국전자통신연구원 음장변화 측정을 이용한 보안 시스템 및 방법
GB2499469A (en) * 2012-02-15 2013-08-21 Safehouse Habitats Scotland Ltd Control System for a Hot Work Habitat
JP6178094B2 (ja) * 2013-03-29 2017-08-09 前田建設工業株式会社 天井異常検知システム、天井異常検知装置、天井異常検知方法、及び天井異常検知プログラム
US11716808B2 (en) 2020-12-10 2023-08-01 International Business Machines Corporation Tamper-respondent assemblies with porous heat transfer element(s)
US11191155B1 (en) 2020-12-10 2021-11-30 International Business Machines Corporation Tamper-respondent assembly with structural material within sealed inner compartment

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DE1916472A1 (de) * 1969-03-31 1970-10-08 Siemens Ag Elektrische Alarmschaltung zum Schutz gegen unbefugtes Betreten von Raeumen
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE82082T1 (de) 1992-11-15
US4853690A (en) 1989-08-01
DE3782443D1 (de) 1992-12-10
EP0239817A3 (en) 1990-05-16
EP0239817A2 (de) 1987-10-07
JPH0516076B2 (enrdf_load_html_response) 1993-03-03
DE3611184C1 (de) 1987-09-03
JPS62237600A (ja) 1987-10-17

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