EP0239561A2 - Apparatus for generating vibrations - Google Patents

Apparatus for generating vibrations Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0239561A2
EP0239561A2 EP87890045A EP87890045A EP0239561A2 EP 0239561 A2 EP0239561 A2 EP 0239561A2 EP 87890045 A EP87890045 A EP 87890045A EP 87890045 A EP87890045 A EP 87890045A EP 0239561 A2 EP0239561 A2 EP 0239561A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
group
unbalanced masses
unbalanced
masses
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87890045A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0239561B1 (en
EP0239561A3 (en
Inventor
Ferdinand Hirn
Michael Schmölzer
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MASCHINENFABRIK LIEZEN GESELLSCHAFT M.B.H.
Original Assignee
Maschinenfabrik Liezen GmbH
Voestalpine AG
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Publication of EP0239561A2 publication Critical patent/EP0239561A2/en
Publication of EP0239561A3 publication Critical patent/EP0239561A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
    • B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • B06B1/161—Adjustable systems, i.e. where amplitude or direction of frequency of vibration can be varied
    • B06B1/162—Making use of masses with adjustable amount of eccentricity
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/22—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for consolidating or finishing laid-down unset materials
    • E01C19/23—Rollers therefor; Such rollers usable also for compacting soil
    • E01C19/28—Vibrated rollers or rollers subjected to impacts, e.g. hammering blows
    • E01C19/286—Vibration or impact-imparting means; Arrangement, mounting or adjustment thereof; Construction or mounting of the rolling elements, transmission or drive thereto, e.g. to vibrator mounted inside the roll

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for generating vibrations, in particular for soil compaction machines, such as road rollers, with unbalanced masses rotatably mounted about a common axis and drivable for rotation about the common axis, which are rotatable relative to one another.
  • the object of the invention is to simplify and facilitate the adaptation of the amplitudes of the vibrations to the respective work task. This is particularly true for adapting the effectiveness of a road roller to different soil conditions.
  • the invention essentially consists in the fact that two groups of unbalanced masses are provided, of which a first group has two unbalanced masses, which can be rotated relative to one another in two end positions determined by stops and can be fixed by hand in these end positions are, and a second group in the area of both axial ends of the unbalanced masses of the first group each has an unbalanced mass, which can be rotated in the same direction relative to the unbalanced masses of the first group in two end positions determined by stops, the unbalanced masses of the second group being the same and oriented in the same direction Have eccentricities and equal masses.
  • the invention enables the vibrator to be set to four different levels. Due to the unbalanced masses of the first group, two basic settings can be selected. These basic settings are made manually before the device is started up. Because the two basic settings are determined by stops, the setting in these two basic settings can be carried out easily and without specialist knowledge. Because the unbalance masses of the first group are rotated by 180 ° between the stops, this basic setting has the greatest effect. If the eccentricities of the two unbalanced masses of the first group are aligned, the greatest effect of these unbalanced masses of the first group is given. If the eccentricities of these two unbalanced masses are opposite, the smallest unbalance effect results, which can even be reduced to zero.
  • the two stages selected by manual adjustment of the unbalanced masses of the first group can again be divided into two stages, so that the vibrator can be adjusted in four stages. Since the positions of the unbalanced masses of the second group also end attacks, this setting is easy to choose and requires no specialist knowledge.
  • the two unbalanced masses of the first group can expediently be latched in their end positions offset by 180 °, which simplifies operation and eliminates the possibility of errors.
  • the unbalanced masses of the first group are formed in a manner known per se from a hollow cylinder arranged eccentrically to the axis of rotation and a shaft with an unbalanced mass mounted centrally within the same to the axis of rotation, the shaft in the front ends of the hollow cylinder in the axis of rotation of the same is rotatable and axially displaceable counter to a spring force and has a radial projection which alternatively engages in two detents of 180 ° offset from one end.
  • the unbalanced masses of the second group can be used to double the levels of vibrator effect achieved by adjusting the unbalanced masses of the first group alone.
  • the decisive factor for the amplitudes resulting in the respective positions of the unbalanced masses of the second group relative to the unbalanced masses of the first group is the eccentricity of the total center of gravity of all unbalanced masses.
  • the eccentricity of this overall center of gravity is increased or decreased.
  • the unbalanced masses of the second group are therefore expedient in the angular range between the two twist end positions the unbalanced masses of the first group can be rotated by less than 180 °.
  • the unbalanced masses of the second group are expediently adjustable in their end positions determined by stops, so that an interruption in operation is not necessary for the purpose of changing the vibration effect given by the preselected setting of the unbalanced masses of the first group.
  • each unbalanced mass of the second group has two stop surfaces which, when these unbalanced masses are rotated, interact with a stop block connected to the rotating shaft, the unbalanced masses being rotated from one end position to the other by reversing the direction of rotation the wave occurs. The operator can thus change the amplitudes of the vibrations or the vibration effect by simply switching the direction of rotation.
  • one of the stop surfaces on the unbalanced masses of the second group itself and one of the stop surfaces on the unbalanced masses opposite and connected to them are formed.
  • the angular distance between these two stop surfaces determines the angle by which the unbalanced masses of the second group are adjusted when the direction of rotation is switched.
  • the arrangement can be made in accordance with the invention such that the arms having the stop surfaces are diametrically opposite the unbalanced masses.
  • These arms, which have the stop surfaces also have a mass and therefore also represent a, albeit small, unbalanced mass which must be subtracted from the large unbalanced mass. Because these arms are diametrically opposite the unbalanced masses, the direction of the eccentricity of the resulting unbalanced masses remains unchanged.
  • the vibrator shaft can be driven by a hydraulic motor via an elastic claw coupling, which is the simplest type of drive for road rollers, for example.
  • the vibrator shaft and the unbalanced masses of the first and second groups can be sealed in a pipe connected to the bearing body according to the invention.
  • the encapsulation of the vibrator offers the advantages that the hollow roller can be filled with water to increase the weight and the lubrication of the vibrating device can be carried out very easily and effectively.
  • the rotating shaft 1 of the vibrator is driven by a hydraulic motor 2 via an elastic claw coupling 3.
  • the shaft is supported in bearings 4 and 5.
  • the unbalanced masses of the first group are formed by a hollow cylinder 6 and a shaft 7 arranged inside the hollow cylinder 6.
  • the hollow cylinder 6 is arranged eccentrically to the axis 8 and screwed to the shaft ends 1a and 1b. This hollow cylinder 6 therefore forms an unbalanced mass.
  • the shaft 7 is arranged coaxially with the axis 8, but is removed on the side 9. This wave therefore has a semicircular cross-section, whereby this shaft 7 also acts as an unbalanced mass.
  • the shaft 1 is divided into two shaft ends 1a and 1b, which are connected to one another by the hollow cylinder 6.
  • the shaft ends 1a and 1b form end walls of the hollow cylinder 6.
  • the shaft 7 is rotatably supported in these two end walls or shaft ends 1a and 1b.
  • a pin 10 is inserted, which protrudes into a semicircular groove 11 of the shaft 7.
  • Axially directed recesses 12 are provided at the two ends of this groove opposite each other by 180 °.
  • the shaft 7 is axially displaceably supported and pressed in the direction to the left by a helical spring 13. In the position shown in the drawing, the pin 10 engages in one of the two recesses 12.
  • the operator presses the shaft 7 to the right against the pressure of the spring 13 and rotates it by 180 ° by attaching a wrench to a hexagon 14.
  • the eccentricities of the hollow cylinder 6 and the shaft 7 are directed in the same direction.
  • the unbalanced masses of the hollow cylinder 6 and the shaft 7 therefore add up in this position. If the shaft 7 is rotated 180 ° relative to the hollow cylinder 6, the eccentricities of the hollow cylinder 6 and shaft 7 are directed in opposite directions and the unbalanced mass of the shaft 7 must therefore be subtracted from the unbalanced mass of the hollow cylinder 6.
  • the unbalance masses 15 are the unbalance masses of the second group. These unbalanced masses 15 of the second group are freely rotatably supported on the shaft ends 1a and 1b.
  • the unbalanced masses 15 are connected to arms 16.
  • the unbalanced masses 15 have stop surfaces 17 and the arms 16 have stop surfaces 18.
  • 19 are stop blocks, which with the rotating shaft 1, etc. are rigidly connected to the shaft ends 1a and 1b. In the direction of rotation of the arrow 20, the stop block 19 takes up a stop against the stop Area 18 of the arm 16 with the unbalanced masses 15. The position shown in FIG. 2 thus results.
  • 22 is a tube that seals the vibrator. This can be of advantage in road rollers where it is possible to fill the hollow roller with water to increase its weight.
  • the unbalanced masses can now be rotated relative to one another in different positions shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, which results in different unbalance effects.
  • the axis of rotation is again designated 8 in FIGS. 3 to 6.
  • S1 the center of gravity of the unbalanced mass of the hollow cylinder 6
  • S3 the center of gravity of the unbalanced mass formed by the shaft 7
  • S2 the common focus of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the unbalanced masses of the two arms 16.
  • 3a to 6a is analogously the mass of the hollow cylinder 6 with m1, the mass of the shaft 7 with m3 and the common mass of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the two arms 16 with m2.
  • the eccentricities of the focal points S1, S3 and S2 are denoted by e1, e3 and e2.
  • FIG. 3 shows the position of the unbalanced masses 15 when rotating in the direction of the arrow 21 according to FIG. 2, the stop surface 17 abutting the stop blocks 19.
  • Hiebei has the focus S1 an eccentricity e1 and Focus S3 an eccentricity e3 on. These two eccentricities are therefore directed in the same direction.
  • the focus S2 of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the unbalanced masses of the two arms 16 has an eccentricity e2.
  • This focus S2 is now shifted approximately towards the focus S1 and S3. Since the eccentricities e 1 and e 3 are directed in the same direction and the center of gravity S 2 is shifted approximately in the direction of the centers S 1 and S 3, the largest resulting mass moment for the vibrations results. These mass moments are shown in the diagram in FIG.
  • Fig. 4 the priorities S1, S3 and S2 are shown relative to the axis of rotation 8 again.
  • the unbalanced masses 6, 7 of the first group are set again so that the eccentricities e 1 and e 3 of the centers of gravity S 1 and S 3 are directed in the same direction.
  • the manual adjustment of the two unbalanced masses 6 and 7 of the first group thus remains unchanged.
  • the direction of rotation is now reversed in the direction of arrow 20 in FIG. 2.
  • the common focus S2 of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the unbalanced masses of the two arms 16 of the second group is therefore adjusted in the other direction.
  • the eccentricity e2 of the focus S2 is now directed against the eccentricities e1 and e3. This results in a diagram according to FIG.
  • the unbalanced masses 6 and 7 of the first group are now changed by manually rotating the shaft 7 with respect to the hollow cylinder 6 by 180 ° from the position shown in the drawing.
  • the eccentricity e3 of the center of gravity S3 is now directed against the eccentricity e1 of the center of gravity S1.
  • the unbalanced masses 6 and 7 therefore act in the opposite direction and are to be subtracted from one another.
  • the eccentricity e2 of the center of gravity S2 is directed approximately in the direction of the center of gravity S1.
  • This center of gravity S1 is the center of gravity of the hollow cylinder 6, the mass of which is greater than the mass of the shaft 7.
  • m. E mass moment
  • the unbalanced masses 15 are adjusted by rotation in the direction of the arrow 20 according to FIG. 2 so that the stop surface 18 bears against the stop block 19.
  • the eccentricity e2 of the center of gravity S2 of the unbalanced masses 15 of the second group is now adjusted against the eccentricity e1 of the unbalanced mass of the hollow cylinder 6.
  • the resultant mass moment (m. E) res is smaller than in the setting according to FIG. 5.
  • such a position of the unbalanced masses in asphalt construction is selected if smaller mass moments or amplitudes appear necessary.

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for generating vibrations, in particular for rammers, such as for example road rollers, having unbalanced masses (6, 7, 15) which can be moved with respect to one another and fixed in their relative position on at least one rotatably mounted and drivable shaft (1). A first group of two unbalanced masses (6, 7) which can be rotated with respect to one another through 180 DEG into end positions and a second group of unbalanced masses (15) which can be rotated with respect to the first group into end positions are provided, all the unbalanced masses being rotatably mounted about a common axis. The unbalanced masses (6, 7) of the first group can be manually adjusted in relation to one another. The unbalanced masses (15) of the second group are adjusted by the direction of rotation being reversed. The unbalanced masses (15) of the second group are mounted so as to be freely rotatable on the shaft (1). These unbalanced masses (15) of the second group have stop surfaces (17 and 18) which cooperate with a stop bearer (19) arranged fixedly on the rotating shaft (1). By reversing the direction of rotation, the unbalanced masses (15) of the second group are rotated relative to the unbalanced masses (6, 7) of the first group. In this way, it is possible to achieve an adjustment of the vibrator in four stages. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einrichtung zur Erzeugung von Vibrationen, insbesondere für Bodenverdichtungsmaschinen, wie beispielsweise Straßenwalzen, mit um eine gemeinsame Achse rotierbar gelagerten und zur Rotation um die gemeinsame Achse antreibbaren Unwuchtmassen, welche relativ zueinander verdrehbar sind.The invention relates to a device for generating vibrations, in particular for soil compaction machines, such as road rollers, with unbalanced masses rotatably mounted about a common axis and drivable for rotation about the common axis, which are rotatable relative to one another.

Es ist bekannt, bei einem Vibrator die Unwuchtmassen relativ zueinander verlagerbar zu machen, um die Amplitude der Vibrationen zu verändern und den Erfordernissen weitgehend anzupassen. Dies gilt insbesondere für Straßenwalzen, wo es erforderlich ist, wahlweise harte Böden oder weiche Böden zu walzen. Hiebei wird die Walzung durch die Vibrationen be­günstigt, wobei die Einrichtung zur Erzeugung solcher Vibra­tionen innerhalb des Walzenkörpers angeordnet ist. Beim Erdbau ist es zweckmäßig, die Amplituden der Schwingungen groß zu wählen, und beim Asphaltbau ist es zweckmäßig, mit kleineren Amplituden zu arbeiten. Der Walzenführer soll die Amplituden den jeweils vorliegenden Walzaufgaben entsprechend wählen und dies bereitet Schwierigkeiten, da für die Walzen­führung nur angelerntes Personal eingesetzt werden kann. Aus der AT-PS 250 423 ist es bekannt geworden, auf einer gemein­samen Welle zwei lose Unwuchtmassen gegenüber zwei mit der Welle fest verbundenen Unwuchtmassen zu verstellen. Die Verstellung erfolgt hiebei über Differentialgetriebe, ist daher aufwendig und erfordert Fachkenntnisse. Aus der DE-OS 17 58 226 ist es bekannt geworden, eine verdrehbar auf der gemeinsamen Welle gelagerte Unwuchtmasse gegenüber einer fest auf der Welle angeordneten Unwuchtmasse zu verstellen. Die verdrehbare Unwuchtmasse muß mittels einer Klemmschraube in ihrer Stellung gesichert werden. Die Einstellung dieser verdrehbaren Unwuchtmasse muß daher, beispielsweise im Falle einer Straßenwalze, vom Walzenführer gewählt werden, wofür ausreichende Fachkenntnisse erforderlich sind. Aus der DE-OS 16 34 257 und aus der DE-OS 17 59 301 ist eine Anord­nung bekannt geworden, bei welcher auf einer gemeinsamen Welle eine Unwuchtmasse fest angeordnet und eine Unwuchtmasse zwischen um 180° versetzten Anschlägen verdrehbar ist. Durch Wechsel der Drehrichtung ergeben sich hiebei zwei Relativ­stellungen der beiden Unwuchten, wobei diese Unwuchten entweder gleich- gerichtet oder entgegengerichtet sind. Eine solche Anordnung ermöglicht somit nur eine Einstellung des Vibrators in zwei verschiedenen Stufen. Aus der DE-OS 21 64 140 ist eine Anordnung bekannt geworden, bei welcher zwei gleichachsig umlaufende Unwuchtmassen vorgesehen sind. Beide Unwuchtmassen weisen gesonderte Antriebe auf, welche so steuerbar sind, daß die Unwuchtmassen verschiedene Relativ­stellungen zueinander annehmen. In Anbetracht der beiden erforderlichen getrennten Antriebe ist eine solche Ausbildung aufwendig. Die Einstellung dieser getrennten Antriebe erfor­dert auch beträchtliche Fachkenntnisse, welche beispielsweise bei einem angelernten Walzenführer nicht vorausgesetzt werden können.It is known to make the unbalanced masses displaceable relative to one another in a vibrator in order to change the amplitude of the vibrations and largely adapt them to the requirements. This applies in particular to road rollers, where it is necessary to roll either hard floors or soft floors. In this way, the rolling is favored by the vibrations, the device for generating such vibrations being arranged within the roller body. In earthworks, it is advisable to choose large amplitudes of the vibrations, and in asphalt construction, it is advisable to work with smaller amplitudes. The roller operator should select the amplitudes according to the respective rolling tasks, and this creates difficulties, since only trained personnel can be used for the roller guidance. From AT-PS 250 423 it has become known to adjust two loose unbalanced masses on a common shaft in relation to two unbalanced masses firmly connected to the shaft. The adjustment is carried out via differential gears and is therefore complex and requires specialist knowledge. From DE-OS 17 58 226 it has become known to adjust an unbalanced mass rotatably mounted on the common shaft in relation to an unbalanced mass fixed on the shaft. The rotatable unbalanced mass must be secured in its position by means of a clamping screw. The setting of this rotatable unbalanced mass must therefore be selected by the roller operator, for example in the case of a road roller, for which sufficient specialist knowledge is required. From the DE-OS 16 34 257 and from DE-OS 17 59 301 an arrangement has become known in which an unbalanced mass is fixedly arranged on a common shaft and an unbalanced mass can be rotated between stops offset by 180 °. By changing the direction of rotation, there are two relative positions of the two unbalances, these unbalances being either rectified or opposed. Such an arrangement thus only allows the vibrator to be set in two different stages. From DE-OS 21 64 140 an arrangement has become known in which two unbalanced masses rotating around the same axis are provided. Both unbalanced masses have separate drives which can be controlled in such a way that the unbalanced masses assume different relative positions to one another. In view of the two separate drives required, such training is expensive. The setting of these separate drives also requires considerable specialist knowledge, which cannot be assumed, for example, with a trained roller operator.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Anpassung der Amplituden der Vibrationen an die jeweilige Arbeitsaufgabe zu vereinfachen und zu erleichtern. Dies gilt im besonderen Maße für die Anpassung der Wirksamkeit einer Straßenwalze an verschiedene Bodenbeschaffenheiten. Zur Erfüllung dieser Aufgabe besteht die Erfindung im wesentlichen darin, daß zwei Gruppen von Unwuchtmassen vorgesehen sind, von welchen eine erste Gruppe zwei Unwuchtmassen aufweist, welche relativ zueinander in zwei um 180° gegeneinander versetzte, durch Anschläge bestimmte Endlagen händisch verdrehbar und in diesen Endlagen festlegbar sind, und eine zweite Gruppe im Bereich beider axialen Enden der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe je eine Unwuchtmasse aufweist, welche relativ zu den Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe in zwei durch Anschläge bestimmte Endlagen gleichsinnig miteinander verdrehbar sind, wobei die Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe gleiche und gleich gerichtete Exzentrizitäten und gleiche Massen aufweisen.The object of the invention is to simplify and facilitate the adaptation of the amplitudes of the vibrations to the respective work task. This is particularly true for adapting the effectiveness of a road roller to different soil conditions. To achieve this object, the invention essentially consists in the fact that two groups of unbalanced masses are provided, of which a first group has two unbalanced masses, which can be rotated relative to one another in two end positions determined by stops and can be fixed by hand in these end positions are, and a second group in the area of both axial ends of the unbalanced masses of the first group each has an unbalanced mass, which can be rotated in the same direction relative to the unbalanced masses of the first group in two end positions determined by stops, the unbalanced masses of the second group being the same and oriented in the same direction Have eccentricities and equal masses.

Durch die Erfindung wird ermöglicht, den Vibrator auf vier verschiedene Stufen einzustellen. Durch die Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe können zwei Grundeinstellungen gewählt werden. Diese Grundeinstellungen erfolgen händisch vor Inbetriebnahme der Einrichtung. Dadurch, daß die beiden Grundeinstellungen durch Anschläge bestimmt sind, ist die Einstellung in diese beiden Grundeinstellungen einfach und ohne Fachkenntnisse durchführbar. Dadurch, daß zwischen den Anschlägen die Verdrehung der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe um 180° erfolgt, wirkt sich diese Grundeinstellung am stärksten aus. Wenn die Exzentrizitäten der beiden Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe gleichgerichtet sind, ist die größte Wirkung dieser Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe gegeben. Wenn die Exzentri­zitäten dieser beiden Unwuchtmassen entgegengerichtet sind, ergibt sich die kleinste Unwuchtwirkung, welche sogar bis zu Null herabgesetzt werden kann. Durch diese beiden Grund­stellungen der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe ergibt sich somit die Einstellung auf starke Vibratorwirkung und kleine Vibratorwirkung. Wenn es sich beispielsweise um einen Vibra­tor für Bodenverdichtungsmaschinen handelt, so ist es dem Walzenführer bekannt, ob er im Erdbau oder im Asphaltbau arbeitet und es ist ihm auch bekannt, daß im Erdbau mit großen und im Asphaltbau mit kleinen Amplituden verdichtet werden muß. Es ist somit auch ohne Fachkenntnisse möglich, diese Grundeinstellung vor Inbetriebnahme der Bodenverdich­tungsmaschine händisch zu wählen. Dadurch, daß die Relativ­lage der beiden Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe festlegbar ist, bleibt diese Grundeinstellung während des gesamten Betriebes aufrechterhalten, unabhängig davon, in welcher Weise die Verstellung der Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe erfolgt. Durch Verstellung der Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe können die durch händische Verstellung der Unwucht­massen der ersten Gruppe gewählten beiden Stufen wieder in zwei Stufen unterteilt werden, so daß eine Einstellung des Vibrators in vier Stufen ermöglicht wird. Da auch die Stel­lungen der Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe durch End­ anschläge bestimmt sind, ist auch diese Einstellung einfach zu wählen und erfordert keine Fachkenntnisse.The invention enables the vibrator to be set to four different levels. Due to the unbalanced masses of the first group, two basic settings can be selected. These basic settings are made manually before the device is started up. Because the two basic settings are determined by stops, the setting in these two basic settings can be carried out easily and without specialist knowledge. Because the unbalance masses of the first group are rotated by 180 ° between the stops, this basic setting has the greatest effect. If the eccentricities of the two unbalanced masses of the first group are aligned, the greatest effect of these unbalanced masses of the first group is given. If the eccentricities of these two unbalanced masses are opposite, the smallest unbalance effect results, which can even be reduced to zero. These two basic positions of the unbalanced masses of the first group thus result in the setting for a strong vibrator effect and a small vibrator effect. If it is, for example, a vibrator for soil compacting machines, the roller operator knows whether he works in earthworks or in asphalt construction and he also knows that in earthworks with large and in asphalt construction with small amplitudes must be compacted. It is therefore possible, even without specialist knowledge, to manually select this basic setting before starting up the soil compacting machine. Because the relative position of the two unbalanced masses of the first group can be determined, this basic setting is maintained throughout operation, regardless of the manner in which the unbalanced masses of the second group are adjusted. By adjusting the unbalanced masses of the second group, the two stages selected by manual adjustment of the unbalanced masses of the first group can again be divided into two stages, so that the vibrator can be adjusted in four stages. Since the positions of the unbalanced masses of the second group also end attacks, this setting is easy to choose and requires no specialist knowledge.

Gemäß der Erfindung sind zweckmäßig die beiden Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe in ihren um 180° versetzten Endstellungen einrastbar, wodurch die Bedienung vereinfacht wird und Fehlermöglichkeiten ausgeschaltet werden. Gemäß einer bevor­zugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind hiebei die Unwucht­massen der ersten Gruppe in an sich bekannter Weise von einem exzentrisch zur Drehachse angeordneten Hohlzylinder und einer innerhalb desselben zentrisch zur Drehachse gelagerten, mit einer Unwuchtmasse ausgestatteten Welle gebildet, wobei die Welle in den Stirnenden des Hohlzylinders in der Rotations­achse desselben verdrehbar und entgegen einer Federkraft axial verschiebbar gelagert ist und einen radialen Vorsprung aufweist, der alternativ in zwei um 180° versetzte Rasten eines Stirnendes einrastet. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich eine einfache Ausbildung und Lagerung der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe und es ist lediglich nötig, daß die Bedienungsperson die Welle in Axialrichtung eindrückt und in eine der beiden um 180° gegeneinander versetzte Endlagen relativ zum Hohl­zylinder verdreht, worauf dann der radiale Vorsprung in die entsprechende Rast einrastet.According to the invention, the two unbalanced masses of the first group can expediently be latched in their end positions offset by 180 °, which simplifies operation and eliminates the possibility of errors. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the unbalanced masses of the first group are formed in a manner known per se from a hollow cylinder arranged eccentrically to the axis of rotation and a shaft with an unbalanced mass mounted centrally within the same to the axis of rotation, the shaft in the front ends of the hollow cylinder in the axis of rotation of the same is rotatable and axially displaceable counter to a spring force and has a radial projection which alternatively engages in two detents of 180 ° offset from one end. This results in a simple design and storage of the unbalanced masses of the first group and it is only necessary that the operator presses the shaft in the axial direction and rotates it in one of the two end positions offset by 180 ° relative to the hollow cylinder, whereupon the radial projection engages in the appropriate rest.

Durch die Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe können die durch Verstellung der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe allein erreichten Stufen der Vibratorwirkung verdoppelt werden. Maßgebend für die sich in den jeweiligen Stellungen der Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe relativ zu den Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe ergebenden Amplituden ist die Exzentrizität des Gesamtschwerpunktes aller Unwuchtmassen. Je nach der Stellung der Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe relativ zu den Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe wird die Exzentrizität dieses Gesamtschwerpunktes vergrößert oder verkleinert. Gemäß der Erfindung sind daher zweckmäßig die Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe im Winkelbereich zwischen den beiden Verdreh-Endstel­ lungen der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe um weniger als 180° verdrehbar. Gemäß der Erfindung sind zweckmäßig die Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe während des Betriebes in ihre durch Anschläge bestimmten Endlagen verstellbar, so daß zum Zweck der Veränderung der durch die vorgewählte Einstel­lung der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe gegebenen Vibra­tionswirkung eine Betriebsunterbrechung nicht erforderlich ist. Zu diesem Zweck weist gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausfüh­rungsform der Erfindung jede Unwuchtmasse der zweiten Gruppe zwei Anschlagflächen auf, die bei einer Verdrehung dieser Unwuchtmassen mit einem mit der rotierenden Welle verbundenen Anschlagbock zusammenwirken, wobei die Verdrehung dieser Unwuchtmassen von einer Endstellung in die andere durch Umkehrung der Drehrichtung der Welle erfolgt. Damit kann die Bedienungsperson durch einfache Umschaltung der Drehrichtung die Amplituden der Schwingungen bzw. die Vibrationswirkung verändern. Bei einer praktischen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist hiebei eine der Anschlagflächen an den Unwucht­massen der zweiten Gruppe selbst und eine der Anschlagflächen an den Unwuchtmassen gegenüberliegenden und mit diesen verbundenen Armen ausgebildet. Der Winkelabstand zwischen diesen beiden Anschlagflächen bestimmt den Winkel, um welchen die Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe bei Umschaltung der Drehrichtung verstellt werden. Die Anordnung kann hiebei gemäß der Erfindung so getroffen werden, daß die die Anschlagflächen aufweisenden Arme den Unwuchtmassen diametral gegenüberliegen. Diese die Anschlagflächen aufweisenden Arme haben auch eine Masse und stellen daher auch eine, wenn auch kleine Unwuchtmasse dar, welche von der großen Unwuchtmasse subtrahiert werden muß. Dadurch, daß diese Arme den Unwucht­massen diametral gegenüberliegen, bleibt die Richtung der Exzentrizität der resultierenden Unwuchtmassen unverändert.The unbalanced masses of the second group can be used to double the levels of vibrator effect achieved by adjusting the unbalanced masses of the first group alone. The decisive factor for the amplitudes resulting in the respective positions of the unbalanced masses of the second group relative to the unbalanced masses of the first group is the eccentricity of the total center of gravity of all unbalanced masses. Depending on the position of the unbalanced masses of the second group relative to the unbalanced masses of the first group, the eccentricity of this overall center of gravity is increased or decreased. According to the invention, the unbalanced masses of the second group are therefore expedient in the angular range between the two twist end positions the unbalanced masses of the first group can be rotated by less than 180 °. According to the invention, the unbalanced masses of the second group are expediently adjustable in their end positions determined by stops, so that an interruption in operation is not necessary for the purpose of changing the vibration effect given by the preselected setting of the unbalanced masses of the first group. For this purpose, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, each unbalanced mass of the second group has two stop surfaces which, when these unbalanced masses are rotated, interact with a stop block connected to the rotating shaft, the unbalanced masses being rotated from one end position to the other by reversing the direction of rotation the wave occurs. The operator can thus change the amplitudes of the vibrations or the vibration effect by simply switching the direction of rotation. In a practical embodiment of the invention, one of the stop surfaces on the unbalanced masses of the second group itself and one of the stop surfaces on the unbalanced masses opposite and connected to them are formed. The angular distance between these two stop surfaces determines the angle by which the unbalanced masses of the second group are adjusted when the direction of rotation is switched. The arrangement can be made in accordance with the invention such that the arms having the stop surfaces are diametrically opposite the unbalanced masses. These arms, which have the stop surfaces, also have a mass and therefore also represent a, albeit small, unbalanced mass which must be subtracted from the large unbalanced mass. Because these arms are diametrically opposite the unbalanced masses, the direction of the eccentricity of the resulting unbalanced masses remains unchanged.

Die Vibratorwelle kann von einem Hydromotor über eine elasti­sche Klauenkupplung angetrieben sein, was beispielsweise bei Straßenwalzen die einfachste Antriebsart darstellt. Im Falle einer Straßenwalze können gemäß der Erfindung die Vibrator­welle und die Unwuchtmassen der ersten und zweiten Gruppe in einem an die Lagerkörper angeschlossenen Rohr dicht einge­schlossen sein. In diesem Falle bietet die Abkapselung des Vibrators die Vorteile, daß die hohle Walze zur Gewichts­erhöhung mit Wasser gefüllt werden kann und die Schmierung der Vibrationseinrichtung sehr einfach und wirksam durch­geführt werden kann.The vibrator shaft can be driven by a hydraulic motor via an elastic claw coupling, which is the simplest type of drive for road rollers, for example. In the event of a road roller, the vibrator shaft and the unbalanced masses of the first and second groups can be sealed in a pipe connected to the bearing body according to the invention. In this case, the encapsulation of the vibrator offers the advantages that the hollow roller can be filled with water to increase the weight and the lubrication of the vibrating device can be carried out very easily and effectively.

Zweckmäßg sind den beiden Grundeinstellungen der Exzentri­zitäten unterschiedliche Frequenzen bzw. Drehzahlen der Vibrationseinrichtung zugeordnet, was besonders bei Straßen­walzen für Erd- oder Asphaltarbeiten vorteilhaft ist.Different frequencies or speeds of the vibration device are expediently assigned to the two basic settings of the eccentricities, which is particularly advantageous in the case of road rollers for earthworks or asphalt work.

In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung an Hand eines Ausführungs­beispieles schematisch erläutert.

  • Fig. 1 zeigt einen Axialschnitt durch den Vibrator nach Linie I-I der Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 2 zeigt einen Querschnitt nach Linie II-II der Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3, 4, 5 und 6 zeigen die Fliehgewichte der ersten und der zweiten Gruppe in verschiedenen Relativ­stellungen zueinander, wobei Fig. 3a, 4a, 5a und 6a die den Stellungen nach Fig. 3, 4, 5 und 6 zugehörigen Diagramme darstellen.
In the drawing, the invention is explained schematically using an exemplary embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows an axial section through the vibrator along line II of FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section along line II-II of FIG. 1.
  • 3, 4, 5 and 6 show the centrifugal weights of the first and the second group in different relative positions to one another, with FIGS. 3a, 4a, 5a and 6a representing the diagrams associated with the positions according to FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6.

Wie Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen, wird die rotierende Welle 1 des Vibrators durch einen Hydromotor 2 über eine elastische Klauenkupplung 3 angetrieben. Die Welle ist in Lagern 4 und 5 gelagert. Die Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe sind von einem Hohlzylinder 6 und einer innerhalb des Hohlzylinders 6 angeordneten Welle 7 gebildet. Der Hohlzylinder 6 ist exzen­trisch zur Achse 8 angeordnet und mit den Wellenstummeln 1a und 1b verschraubt. Dieser Hohlzylinder 6 bildet daher eine Unwuchtmasse. Die Welle 7 ist gleichachsig zur Achse 8 angeordnet, ist jedoch an der Seite 9 abgenommen. Diese Welle weist daher einen halbkreisförmigen Querschnitt auf, wodurch auch diese Welle 7 als Unwuchtmasse wirkt. Die Welle 1 ist in zwei Wellenstummel 1a und 1b unterteilt, welche durch den Hohlzylinder 6 miteinander verbunden sind. Die Wellenstummel 1a und 1b bilden Stirnwände des Hohlzylinders 6. In diesen beiden Stirnwänden bzw. Wellenstummeln 1a und 1b ist die Welle 7 verdrehbar gehaltert. Im Wellenstummel 1b ist ein Zapfen 10 eingesetzt, welcher in eine halbkreisförmige Nut 11 der Welle 7 ragt. An den beiden um 180° gegenüberliegenden Enden dieser Nut sind axial gerichtete Ausnehmungen 12 vorgesehen. Die Welle 7 ist axial verschiebbar gelagert und durch eine Schraubenfeder 13 in Richtung nach links gedrückt. In der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Stellung rastet der Zapfen 10 in eine der beiden Ausnehmungen 12 ein. Zum Zwecke der Verdrehung der Welle 7 relativ zum Hohlzylinder 6 wird von der Bedienungsperson die Welle 7 entgegen dem Druck der Feder 13 nach rechts gedrückt und durch Ansetzen eines Schraubenschlüssels an einen Sechskant 14 um 180° verdreht. In der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Stellung sind die Exzentrizitäten des Hohlzylinders 6 und der Welle 7 gleich gerichtet. Die Unwuchtmassen des Hohlzylinders 6 und der Welle 7 addieren sich daher in dieser Stellung. Wenn die Welle 7 um 180° relativ zum Hohlzylinder 6 verdreht wird, sind die Exzentrizitäten von Hohlzylinder 6 und Welle 7 entgegengesetzt gerichtet und es ist daher die Unwuchtmasse der Welle 7 von der Unwuchtmasse des Hohlzylinders 6 abzu­ziehen.1 and 2 show, the rotating shaft 1 of the vibrator is driven by a hydraulic motor 2 via an elastic claw coupling 3. The shaft is supported in bearings 4 and 5. The unbalanced masses of the first group are formed by a hollow cylinder 6 and a shaft 7 arranged inside the hollow cylinder 6. The hollow cylinder 6 is arranged eccentrically to the axis 8 and screwed to the shaft ends 1a and 1b. This hollow cylinder 6 therefore forms an unbalanced mass. The shaft 7 is arranged coaxially with the axis 8, but is removed on the side 9. This wave therefore has a semicircular cross-section, whereby this shaft 7 also acts as an unbalanced mass. The shaft 1 is divided into two shaft ends 1a and 1b, which are connected to one another by the hollow cylinder 6. The shaft ends 1a and 1b form end walls of the hollow cylinder 6. The shaft 7 is rotatably supported in these two end walls or shaft ends 1a and 1b. In the stub shaft 1b a pin 10 is inserted, which protrudes into a semicircular groove 11 of the shaft 7. Axially directed recesses 12 are provided at the two ends of this groove opposite each other by 180 °. The shaft 7 is axially displaceably supported and pressed in the direction to the left by a helical spring 13. In the position shown in the drawing, the pin 10 engages in one of the two recesses 12. For the purpose of rotating the shaft 7 relative to the hollow cylinder 6, the operator presses the shaft 7 to the right against the pressure of the spring 13 and rotates it by 180 ° by attaching a wrench to a hexagon 14. In the position shown in the drawing, the eccentricities of the hollow cylinder 6 and the shaft 7 are directed in the same direction. The unbalanced masses of the hollow cylinder 6 and the shaft 7 therefore add up in this position. If the shaft 7 is rotated 180 ° relative to the hollow cylinder 6, the eccentricities of the hollow cylinder 6 and shaft 7 are directed in opposite directions and the unbalanced mass of the shaft 7 must therefore be subtracted from the unbalanced mass of the hollow cylinder 6.

Die Unwuchtmassen 15 sind die Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe. Diese Unwuchtmassen 15 der zweiten Gruppe sind auf den Wellenstummeln 1a und 1b frei drehbar gelagert. Die Unwuchtmassen 15 sind mit Armen 16 verbunden. Die Unwucht­massen 15 weisen Anschlagflächen 17 auf und die Arme 16 weisen Anschlagflächen 18 auf. 19 sind Anschlagböcke, welche mit der rotierenden Welle 1, u.zw. mit den Wellenstummeln 1a und 1b, starr verbunden sind. In der Drehrichtung des Pfeiles 20 nimmt der Anschlagbock 19 durch Anschlag an der Anschlag­ fläche 18 des Armes 16 die Unwuchtmassen 15 mit. Es ergibt sich somit die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Stellung. Wenn die Drehrichtung durch Umschaltung des Hydromotors 2 umgekehrt wird, so erfolgt die Drehung in Richtung des Pfeiles 21 und die Anschlagfläche 17 der Unwuchtmasse 15 gelangt in Anschlag an den Anschlagbock 19. Damit werden durch einfache Umkehrung der Drehrichtung die Unwuchtmassen 15 der zweiten Gruppe relativ zu den Unwuchtmassen 6, 7 der ersten Gruppe verdreht.The unbalance masses 15 are the unbalance masses of the second group. These unbalanced masses 15 of the second group are freely rotatably supported on the shaft ends 1a and 1b. The unbalanced masses 15 are connected to arms 16. The unbalanced masses 15 have stop surfaces 17 and the arms 16 have stop surfaces 18. 19 are stop blocks, which with the rotating shaft 1, etc. are rigidly connected to the shaft ends 1a and 1b. In the direction of rotation of the arrow 20, the stop block 19 takes up a stop against the stop Area 18 of the arm 16 with the unbalanced masses 15. The position shown in FIG. 2 thus results. If the direction of rotation is reversed by switching the hydraulic motor 2, then the rotation takes place in the direction of arrow 21 and the stop surface 17 of the unbalanced mass 15 comes into abutment against the stop block 19. Thus, by simply reversing the direction of rotation, the unbalanced masses 15 of the second group become relative the unbalanced masses 6, 7 of the first group.

22 ist ein Rohr, welches den Vibrator dicht abschließt. Dies kann von Vorteil bei Straßenwalzen sein, bei welchen die Möglichkeit besteht, die hohle Walze zur Erhöhung des Gewichtes mit Wasser zu füllen.22 is a tube that seals the vibrator. This can be of advantage in road rollers where it is possible to fill the hollow roller with water to increase its weight.

Die Unwuchtmassen können nun in verschiedene in Fig. 3 bis 6 dargestellte Stellungen relativ zueinander verdreht werden, wodurch sich verschiedene Unwuchtwirkungen ergeben. Die Drehachse ist in Fig. 3 bis 6 wieder mit 8 bezeichnet. In allen Fällen ist der Schwerpunkt der Unwuchtmasse des Hohl­zylinders 6 mit S₁ und der Schwerpunkt der durch die Welle 7 gebildeten Unwuchtmasse mit S₃ bezeichnet. Dies sind die Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe. Der gemeinsame Schwerpunkt der beiden Unwuchtmassen 15 abzüglich der Unwuchtmassen der beiden Arme 16 ist mit S₂ bezeichnet. Dies sind die Unwucht­massen der zweiten Gruppe.The unbalanced masses can now be rotated relative to one another in different positions shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, which results in different unbalance effects. The axis of rotation is again designated 8 in FIGS. 3 to 6. In all cases, the center of gravity of the unbalanced mass of the hollow cylinder 6 is denoted by S₁ and the center of gravity of the unbalanced mass formed by the shaft 7 is S₃. These are the unbalanced masses of the first group. The common focus of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the unbalanced masses of the two arms 16 is denoted by S₂. These are the unbalanced masses of the second group.

In den Fig. 3a bis 6a ist analog die Masse des Hohlzylinders 6 mit m₁, die Masse der Welle 7 mit m₃ und die gemeinsame Masse der beiden Unwuchtmassen 15 abzüglich der beiden Arme 16 mit m₂ bezeichnet. Die Exzentrizitäten der Schwerpunkte S₁, S₃ und S₂ sind mit e₁, e₃ und e₂ bezeichnet.3a to 6a is analogously the mass of the hollow cylinder 6 with m₁, the mass of the shaft 7 with m₃ and the common mass of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the two arms 16 with m₂. The eccentricities of the focal points S₁, S₃ and S₂ are denoted by e₁, e₃ and e₂.

In Fig. 3 ist die Stellung der Unwuchtmassen 15 bei Drehung in Richtung des Pfeiles 21 nach Fig. 2 dargestellt, wobei die Anschlagfläche 17 an den Anschlagböcken 19 anliegt. Hiebei weist der Schwerpunkt S₁ eine Exzentrizität e₁ und der Schwerpunkt S₃ eine Exzentrizität e₃ auf. Diese beiden Exzentrizitäten sind daher gleich gerichtet. Der Schwerpunkt S₂ der beiden Unwuchtmassen 15 abzüglich der Unwuchtmassen der beiden Arme 16 weist eine Exzentrizität e₂ auf. Dieser Schwerpunkt S₂ ist nun ungefähr in Richtung zu den Schwer­punkten S₁ und S₃ verlagert. Da die Exzentrizitäten e₁ und e₃ in gleiche Richtung gerichtet sind und auch der Schwerpunkt S₂ ungefähr in Richtung zu den Schwerpunkten S₁ und S₃ verlagert ist, ergibt sich das größte resultierende Massen­moment für die Schwingungen. Diese Massenmomente sind im Diagramm nach Fig. 3a dargestellt. Das resultierende Massen­moment (m . e) res ist im Diagramm nach Fig. 3a dargestellt. Im Falle einer Straßenwalze wird die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Relativstellung der Unwuchtmassen im Erdbau gewählt, wenn große Massenmomente für die Schwingungen erforderlich sind.FIG. 3 shows the position of the unbalanced masses 15 when rotating in the direction of the arrow 21 according to FIG. 2, the stop surface 17 abutting the stop blocks 19. Hiebei has the focus S₁ an eccentricity e₁ and Focus S₃ an eccentricity e₃ on. These two eccentricities are therefore directed in the same direction. The focus S₂ of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the unbalanced masses of the two arms 16 has an eccentricity e₂. This focus S₂ is now shifted approximately towards the focus S₁ and S₃. Since the eccentricities e 1 and e 3 are directed in the same direction and the center of gravity S 2 is shifted approximately in the direction of the centers S 1 and S 3, the largest resulting mass moment for the vibrations results. These mass moments are shown in the diagram in FIG. 3a. The resulting mass moment (m. E) res is shown in the diagram according to FIG. 3a. In the case of a road roller, the relative position of the unbalanced masses in earthworks shown in FIG. 3 is selected if large mass moments are required for the vibrations.

In Fig. 4 sind wieder die Schwerpunkte S₁, S₃ und S₂ relativ zur Rotationsachse 8 dargestellt. Die Unwuchtmassen 6, 7 der ersten Gruppe sind wieder so eingestellt, daß die Exzentri­zitäten e₁ und e₃ der Schwerpunkte S₁ und S₃ nach der gleichen Richtung gerichtet sind. Die händische Einstellung der beiden Unwuchtmassen 6 und 7 der ersten Gruppe bleibt somit unverändert. Die Drehrichtung ist aber nun in Richtung des Pfeiles 20 nach Fig. 2 umgekehrt. Der gemeinsame Schwer­punkt S₂ der beiden Unwuchtmassen 15 abzüglich der Unwucht­massen der beiden Arme 16 der zweiten Gruppe wird daher in der anderen Richtung verstellt. Die Exzentrizität e₂ des Schwerpunktes S₂ ist nun entgegen den Exzentrizitäten e₁ und e₃ gerichtet. Es ergibt sich somit ein Diagramm gemäß Fig. 4a, gemäß welchem das resultierende Massenmoment (m . e) res etwas kleiner ist als gemäß Fig. 3a. Im Falle einer Straßen­walze wird beispielsweise eine solche Relativstellung der Unwuchtmassen beim Erdbau gewählt, wenn kleinere Massen­momente bzw. Amplituden erforderlich sind.In Fig. 4 the priorities S₁, S₃ and S₂ are shown relative to the axis of rotation 8 again. The unbalanced masses 6, 7 of the first group are set again so that the eccentricities e 1 and e 3 of the centers of gravity S 1 and S 3 are directed in the same direction. The manual adjustment of the two unbalanced masses 6 and 7 of the first group thus remains unchanged. The direction of rotation is now reversed in the direction of arrow 20 in FIG. 2. The common focus S₂ of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the unbalanced masses of the two arms 16 of the second group is therefore adjusted in the other direction. The eccentricity e₂ of the focus S₂ is now directed against the eccentricities e₁ and e₃. This results in a diagram according to FIG. 4a, according to which the resulting mass moment (m. E) res is somewhat smaller than according to FIG. 3a. In the case of a road roller, for example, such a relative position of the unbalanced masses in earthworks is selected if smaller mass moments or amplitudes are required.

Bei der Darstellung nach Fig. 5 und 6 werden nun durch händische Verdrehung der Welle 7 gegenüber dem Hohlzylinder 6 um 180° aus der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Stellung die Unwuchtmassen 6 und 7 der ersten Gruppe umgestellt. Die Exzentrizität e₃ des Schwerpunktes S₃ ist nun entgegen der Exzentrizität e₁ des Schwerpunktes S₁ gerichtet. Die Unwucht­massen 6 und 7 wirken daher in entgegengesetzter Richtung und sind voneinander zu subtrahieren.5 and 6, the unbalanced masses 6 and 7 of the first group are now changed by manually rotating the shaft 7 with respect to the hollow cylinder 6 by 180 ° from the position shown in the drawing. The eccentricity e₃ of the center of gravity S₃ is now directed against the eccentricity e₁ of the center of gravity S₁. The unbalanced masses 6 and 7 therefore act in the opposite direction and are to be subtracted from one another.

In der Darstellung nach Fig. 5 ist die Exzentrizität e₂ des Schwerpunktes S₂ ungefähr in Richtung des Schwerpunktes S₁ gerichtet. Dieser Schwerpunkt S₁ ist der Schwerpunkt des Hohlzylinders 6, dessen Masse größer ist als die Masse der Welle 7. Wie das Diagramm nach Fig. 5a zeigt, ergibt sich somit ein kleineres resultierendes Massenmoment (m . e) res als bei den Stellungen gemäß Fig. 3 und 4, jedoch immerhin noch ein größeres Massenmoment als bei der Stellung nach Fig. 6. Die Drehung der Welle 1 erfolgt nun in Richtung des Pfeiles 21, wodurch die Unwuchtmassen 15 verstellt werden.5, the eccentricity e₂ of the center of gravity S₂ is directed approximately in the direction of the center of gravity S₁. This center of gravity S₁ is the center of gravity of the hollow cylinder 6, the mass of which is greater than the mass of the shaft 7. As the diagram according to FIG. 5a shows, this results in a smaller resulting mass moment (m. E) res than in the positions according to FIG. 3 and 4, but still a greater mass moment than in the position according to FIG. 6. The rotation of the shaft 1 now takes place in the direction of the arrow 21, as a result of which the unbalanced masses 15 are adjusted.

In Fig. 6 sind die Unwuchtmassen 15 durch Drehung in Richtung des Pfeiles 20 nach Fig. 2 so verstellt, daß die Anschlag­fläche 18 am Anschlagbock 19 anliegt. Die Exzentrizität e₂ des Schwerpunktes S₂ der Unwuchtmassen 15 der zweiten Gruppe ist nun entgegen der Exzentrizität e₁ der Unwuchtmasse des Hohlzylinders 6 verstellt. Es ergibt sich somit, wie Fig. 6a zeigt, ein kleineres resultierendes Masssenmoment (m . e) res als bei der Einstellung nach Fig. 5. Im Falle einer Straßen­walze wird eine solche Stellung der Unwuchtmassen im Asphalt­bau gewählt, wenn kleinere Massenmomente bzw. Amplituden erforderlich erscheinen.6, the unbalanced masses 15 are adjusted by rotation in the direction of the arrow 20 according to FIG. 2 so that the stop surface 18 bears against the stop block 19. The eccentricity e₂ of the center of gravity S₂ of the unbalanced masses 15 of the second group is now adjusted against the eccentricity e₁ of the unbalanced mass of the hollow cylinder 6. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6a, the resultant mass moment (m. E) res is smaller than in the setting according to FIG. 5. In the case of a road roller, such a position of the unbalanced masses in asphalt construction is selected if smaller mass moments or amplitudes appear necessary.

Claims (9)

1. Einrichtung zur Erzeugung von Vibrationen, insbesondere für Bodenverdichtungsmaschinen, wie beispielsweise Straßen­walzen, mit um eine gemeinsame Achse (8) rotierbar gelagerten und zur Rotation um die gemeinsame Achse (8) antreibbaren Unwuchtmassen (6,7,15), welche relativ zueinander verdrehbar sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwei Gruppen von Unwucht­massen (6,7,15) vorgesehen sind, von welchen eine erste Gruppe zwei Unwuchtmassen (6,7) aufweist, welche relativ zueinander in zwei um 180° gegeneinander versetzte, durch Anschläge bestimmte Endlagen händisch verdrehbar und in diesen Endlagen festlegbar sind, und eine zweite Gruppe im Bereich beider axialen Enden der Unwuchtmassen (6,7) der ersten Gruppe je eine Unwuchtmasse (15) aufweist, welche relativ zu den Unwuchtmassen (6,7) der ersten Gruppe in zwei durch Anschläge bestimmte Endlagen gleichsinnig miteinander verdrehbar sind, wobei die Unwuchtmassen (15) der zweiten Gruppe gleiche und gleich gerichtete Exzentrizitäten und gleiche Massen aufweisen.1. Device for generating vibrations, in particular for soil compaction machines, such as road rollers, with unbalanced masses (6, 7, 15) rotatably mounted about a common axis (8) and drivable for rotation about the common axis (8), which can be rotated relative to one another are characterized in that two groups of unbalanced masses (6, 7, 15) are provided, of which a first group has two unbalanced masses (6, 7), which are positioned relative to one another in two end positions which are offset by 180 ° from one another and are determined by stops are rotatable and can be fixed in these end positions, and a second group in the area of both axial ends of the unbalanced masses (6,7) of the first group each has an unbalanced mass (15), which is relative to the unbalanced masses (6,7) of the first group in two end positions determined by stops can be rotated in the same direction with one another, the unbalanced masses (15) of the second group having the same and equally directed eccentricities and the same e have masses. 2. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Unwuchtmassen (6,7) der ersten Gruppe in ihren um 180° versetzten Endstellungen einrastbar (Rasten 12) sind.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the two unbalanced masses (6,7) of the first group can be locked in their end positions offset by 180 ° (notches 12). 3. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Unwuchtmassen (6,7) der ersten Gruppe in an sich bekannter Weise von einem exzentrisch zur Drehachse angeordneten Hohlzylinder (6) und einer innerhalb desselben zentrisch zur Drehachse gelagerten, mit einer Unwuchtmasse ausgestatteten Welle (7) gebildet sind und daß die Welle (7) in den Stirnenden (1a,1b) des Hohlzylinders (6) in der Rotationsachse desselben verdrehbar und entgegen einer Federkraft (13) axial verschiebbar gelagert ist und einen radialen Vorsprung (10) aufweist, der alternativ in zwei um 180° versetzte Rasten (12) eines Stirnendes (1b) einrastet.3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the unbalanced masses (6,7) of the first group in a manner known per se from an eccentrically arranged to the axis of rotation hollow cylinder (6) and within the same centrally mounted to the axis of rotation, with an unbalanced mass equipped shaft (7) are formed and that the shaft (7) in the front ends (1a, 1b) of the hollow cylinder (6) is rotatable in the axis of rotation thereof and is axially displaceable against a spring force (13) and one has radial projection (10), which alternatively engages in two notches (12) of a front end (1b) offset by 180 °. 4. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß die Unwuchtmassen (15) der zweiten Gruppe im Winkelbereich zwischen den beiden Verdreh-Endstellungen der Unwuchtmassen (6,7) der ersten Gruppe um weniger als 180° gemeinsam verdrehbar sind.4. Device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the unbalanced masses (15) of the second group in the angular range between the two rotational end positions of the unbalanced masses (6,7) of the first group can be rotated together by less than 180 °. 5. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Unwuchtmassen (15) der zweiten Gruppe während des Betriebes in ihre durch Anschläge (17,18,19) bestimmten Endlagen verstellbar sind.5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the unbalanced masses (15) of the second group are adjustable during operation in their end positions determined by stops (17, 18, 19). 6. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede Unwuchtmasse (15) der zweiten Gruppe zwei Anschlagflächen (17,18) aufweist, die bei einer Ver­drehung dieser Unwuchtmassen (15) mit einem mit der rotie­renden Welle (1) verbundenen Anschlagbock (19) zusammenwirken und daß die Verdrehung dieser Unwuchtmassen von einer End­stellung in die andere durch an sich bekannte Umkehrung der Drehrichtung der Welle (1) erfolgt.6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that each unbalanced mass (15) of the second group has two stop surfaces (17, 18) which with a rotation of the unbalanced masses (15) with a rotating shaft (1) connected stop block (19) cooperate and that the rotation of these unbalanced masses from one end position to the other is carried out by reversing the direction of rotation of the shaft (1), which is known per se. 7. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine (17) der Anschlagflächen (17,18) an den Unwuchtmassen (15) der zweiten Gruppe selbst und eine (18) der Anschlag­flächen an den Unwuchtmassen (15) gegenüberliegenden und mit diesen verbundenen Armen (16) ausgebildet sind.7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that one (17) of the stop surfaces (17, 18) on the unbalanced masses (15) of the second group itself and one (18) of the stop surfaces on the unbalanced masses (15) opposite and connected to them Arms (16) are formed. 8. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die die Anschlagflächen (17) aufweisenden Arme (16) den Unwuchtmassen (15) diametral gegenüberliegen.8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the stop surfaces (17) having arms (16) diametrically opposite the unbalanced masses (15). 9. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß im Falle einer Straßenwalze die Vibrator­welle (1) und die Unwuchtmassen (6,7,15) der ersten und zweiten Gruppe in einer an die Lagerkörper (3,5) ange­schlossenen Hülse (22) dicht eingeschlossen sind.9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the case of a road roller, the vibrator shaft (1) and the unbalanced masses (6, 7, 15) of the first and second group are sealed in a sleeve (22) connected to the bearing body (3, 5).
EP19870890045 1986-03-27 1987-03-10 Apparatus for generating vibrations Expired - Lifetime EP0239561B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0083386A AT389723B (en) 1986-03-27 1986-03-27 DEVICE FOR GENERATING VIBRATIONS
AT833/86 1986-03-27

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EP0239561A2 true EP0239561A2 (en) 1987-09-30
EP0239561A3 EP0239561A3 (en) 1988-06-15
EP0239561B1 EP0239561B1 (en) 1992-07-29

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EP19870890045 Expired - Lifetime EP0239561B1 (en) 1986-03-27 1987-03-10 Apparatus for generating vibrations

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EP (1) EP0239561B1 (en)
CN (1) CN87102358A (en)
AT (1) AT389723B (en)
DE (1) DE3780666D1 (en)
TR (1) TR23201A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0411349A1 (en) * 1989-08-03 1991-02-06 Ammann Verdichtung AG Machine for soil compacting
WO1999034935A1 (en) * 1997-12-31 1999-07-15 Nordberg-Lokomo Oy A vibrating aggregate
DE102010021961A1 (en) * 2010-05-28 2012-04-19 Bomag Gmbh Vibration generator for a soil compaction device and soil compaction device
CN106192688A (en) * 2016-08-31 2016-12-07 广西恒日科技股份有限公司 A kind of eccentric vibration mechanism
CN107891506A (en) * 2017-12-31 2018-04-10 高唐县鼎力建筑机械有限公司 Put concrete high frequency vibrator in a kind of staged horizontal bottom

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JP3799022B2 (en) * 2003-02-24 2006-07-19 酒井重工業株式会社 Vibration mechanism and vibration roller
DE102009055950A1 (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-01 Hamm Ag Compactor for compacting grounds, has movable drum rotatable around drum axle, where drum part of drum comprises vibration generator that is supported at distance from drum axle in drum
CN102510165B (en) * 2011-11-02 2013-10-23 无锡富岛精工有限公司 Reversible vibration motor
CN104653592B (en) * 2013-11-15 2019-01-22 迪纳帕克压紧设备股份公司 Eccentric shaft with fixed and movable eccentric massblock
WO2015119631A1 (en) * 2014-02-10 2015-08-13 Volvo Construction Equipment Ab A simple structured eccentric assembly with enhanced lubrication
EP3397814B1 (en) * 2015-12-28 2019-09-18 Volvo Construction Equipment AB Eccentric assembly for a vibration compacting machine

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Cited By (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0411349A1 (en) * 1989-08-03 1991-02-06 Ammann Verdichtung AG Machine for soil compacting
WO1999034935A1 (en) * 1997-12-31 1999-07-15 Nordberg-Lokomo Oy A vibrating aggregate
DE102010021961A1 (en) * 2010-05-28 2012-04-19 Bomag Gmbh Vibration generator for a soil compaction device and soil compaction device
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CN106192688A (en) * 2016-08-31 2016-12-07 广西恒日科技股份有限公司 A kind of eccentric vibration mechanism
CN107891506A (en) * 2017-12-31 2018-04-10 高唐县鼎力建筑机械有限公司 Put concrete high frequency vibrator in a kind of staged horizontal bottom
CN107891506B (en) * 2017-12-31 2024-03-19 高唐县鼎力建筑机械有限公司 Multistage horizontal underlying concrete high-frequency vibrator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3780666D1 (en) 1992-09-03
ATA83386A (en) 1989-06-15
CN87102358A (en) 1988-01-06
EP0239561B1 (en) 1992-07-29
TR23201A (en) 1989-06-15
EP0239561A3 (en) 1988-06-15
AT389723B (en) 1990-01-25

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