EP0239561B1 - Apparatus for generating vibrations - Google Patents

Apparatus for generating vibrations Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0239561B1
EP0239561B1 EP19870890045 EP87890045A EP0239561B1 EP 0239561 B1 EP0239561 B1 EP 0239561B1 EP 19870890045 EP19870890045 EP 19870890045 EP 87890045 A EP87890045 A EP 87890045A EP 0239561 B1 EP0239561 B1 EP 0239561B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
unbalanced masses
group
unbalanced
masses
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP19870890045
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0239561A3 (en
EP0239561A2 (en
Inventor
Ferdinand Hirn
Michael Schmölzer
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MASCHINENFABRIK LIEZEN GESELLSCHAFT M.B.H.
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Maschinenfabrik Liezen GmbH
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Publication of EP0239561A3 publication Critical patent/EP0239561A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
    • B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • B06B1/161—Adjustable systems, i.e. where amplitude or direction of frequency of vibration can be varied
    • B06B1/162—Making use of masses with adjustable amount of eccentricity
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/22—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for consolidating or finishing laid-down unset materials
    • E01C19/23—Rollers therefor; Such rollers usable also for compacting soil
    • E01C19/28—Vibrated rollers or rollers subjected to impacts, e.g. hammering blows
    • E01C19/286—Vibration or impact-imparting means; Arrangement, mounting or adjustment thereof; Construction or mounting of the rolling elements, transmission or drive thereto, e.g. to vibrator mounted inside the roll

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for changing the vibrations of a vibrator without dismantling the same, in particular for vibrators for soil compacting machines, such as road rollers, with unbalanced masses which can be rotated about a common axis and driven for rotation about the common axis and which can be rotated relative to one another.
  • the invention has for its object to simplify and facilitate the adjustment of the amplitudes of the vibrations to the respective work task and to enable without dismantling the vibrator. This applies in particular to the adjustment of the effectiveness of a road roller different soil conditions.
  • the invention consists essentially in the fact that two groups of unbalanced masses are provided, of which a first group has two unbalanced masses, which are offset relative to one another in only two end positions determined by stops by hand by adjusting one are rotatable on the outside of the exposed and externally actuatable part and can be fixed in these end positions, and has a second group of unbalanced masses, which are all rotatably mounted on the shaft of the vibrator and which are relative to the unbalanced masses of the first group within the angular range between the two end positions the unbalanced masses of the first group can be rotated together during operation by an angle of less than 180 ° into end positions determined by stops, the unbalanced masses of the second group being mounted in the region of both axial ends of
  • two basic settings can be selected. These basic settings are made manually before starting the vibrator. Since the adjustment means are exposed on the outside of the vibrator and can be actuated from the outside, adjustment is possible without dismantling the vibrator and therefore at the place of use or on the construction site. Because the two basic settings are determined by stops, the setting in these two basic settings can be carried out easily and without specialist knowledge. Because the unbalanced masses of the first group are rotated by 180 ° between the stops, the greatest change in the effect of the unbalanced masses of the first group is achieved. If the eccentricities of the two unbalanced masses of the first group are aligned, the greatest effect of these unbalanced masses of the first group is given.
  • this basic setting is maintained throughout operation, regardless of the manner in which the unbalanced masses of the second group are adjusted.
  • the two stages selected by manual adjustment from the unbalanced masses of the first group can again be divided into two stages, so that the vibrator can be adjusted in four stages. Since the positions of the unbalanced masses of the second group are also determined by end stops, this setting is also easy to choose and requires no specialist knowledge.
  • the unbalanced masses of the second group can be adjusted to their end positions determined by stops during operation, disassembly of the vibrator for the purpose of adjusting the unbalanced masses, which could not be carried out at the point of use, is out of the question.
  • the operator has the possibility to change the vibrator effect at short notice. Because all the unbalanced masses of the second group can be rotated, they can be fully utilized for changing the amplitudes of the vibrations generated by the unbalanced masses of the first group.
  • the eccentricities of the unbalanced masses of the second group act on the same side of the line of action of the eccentricities of the unbalanced masses of the first group and can therefore do the two Subdivide the eccentricities resulting from the unbalance masses of the first group into two further stages. It is thus possible to adjust the total unbalance of the vibrator in four stages.
  • the eccentricity of the overall center of gravity of all unbalanced masses is decisive for the vibrating effect of the vibrator. Depending on the position of the unbalanced masses relative to the unbalanced masses of the first group, the eccentricity of this overall center of gravity is increased or decreased.
  • the two unbalanced masses of the first group can expediently be latched in their end positions offset by 180 °, which simplifies operation and eliminates the possibility of errors.
  • the unbalanced masses of the first group are formed in a manner known per se from a hollow cylinder which is arranged eccentrically to the axis of rotation and a shaft which is mounted centrally within the same to the axis of rotation and is equipped with an unbalanced mass, the shaft in the front ends of the hollow cylinder in the axis of rotation of the same is rotatable and axially displaceable counter to a spring force and has a radial projection which alternatively engages in two detents of 180 ° offset from one end.
  • the unbalance masses of the second groups are rotated during operation by reversing the direction of rotation, which is known per se.
  • each unbalanced mass of the second group has two stop surfaces, which interact with a stop block connected to the shaft of the vibrator when these unbalanced masses are rotated. The operator can thus change the amplitudes of the vibrations or the vibration effect by simply switching the direction of rotation.
  • one of the stop surfaces on the unbalanced masses of the second group itself and one of the stop surfaces on the unbalanced masses opposite and connected to them are formed.
  • the angular distance between these two stop surfaces determines the angle by which the unbalanced masses of the second group are adjusted when the direction of rotation is switched.
  • the arrangement can be made in accordance with the invention such that the arms having the stop surfaces are diametrically opposite the unbalanced masses. These arms, which have the stop surfaces, also have a mass and therefore also represent an unbalanced mass, albeit a small one, which must be subtracted from the large unbalanced mass. Because these arms are diametrically opposite the unbalanced masses, the direction of the eccentricity of the resulting unbalanced masses remains unchanged.
  • the vibrator shaft can be driven by a hydraulic motor via an elastic claw coupling, which is the simplest type of drive for road rollers, for example.
  • the vibrator shaft and the unbalanced masses of the first and second groups can be sealed in a tube connected to the bearing body.
  • the encapsulation of the vibrator offers the advantages that the hollow roller can be filled with water to increase the weight and the lubrication the vibration device can be carried out very easily and effectively.
  • FIG. 1 shows an axial section through the vibrator along line II of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section along line II-II of Fig. 1.
  • Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 show the flyweights of the first and the second Group in different relative positions to one another, with FIGS. 3a, 4a, 5a and 6a representing the diagrams associated with the positions according to FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6.
  • the rotating shaft 1 of the vibrator is driven by a hydraulic motor 2 via an elastic claw coupling 3.
  • the shaft is supported in bearings 4 and 5.
  • the unbalanced masses of the first group are formed by a hollow cylinder 6 and a shaft 7 arranged inside the hollow cylinder 6.
  • the hollow cylinder 6 is arranged eccentrically to the axis 8 and screwed to the shaft ends 1a and 1b. This hollow cylinder 6 therefore forms an unbalanced mass.
  • the shaft 7 is arranged coaxially with the axis 8, but is removed on the side 9. This wave therefore has a semicircular cross-section, whereby this shaft 7 also acts as an unbalanced mass.
  • the shaft 1 is divided into two shaft ends 1a and 1b, which are connected to one another by the hollow cylinder 6.
  • the shaft ends 1a and 1b form end walls of the hollow cylinder 6.
  • the shaft 7 is rotatably supported in these two end walls or shaft ends 1a and 1b.
  • a pin 10 is inserted, which protrudes into a semicircular groove 11 of the shaft 7.
  • Axially directed recesses 12 are provided at the two ends of this groove opposite each other by 180 °.
  • the shaft 7 is axially displaceably supported and pressed in the direction to the left by a helical spring 13. In the position shown in the drawing, the pin 10 engages in one of the two recesses 12.
  • the operator presses the shaft 7 to the right against the pressure of the spring 13 and rotates it by 180 ° by attaching a wrench to a hexagon 14.
  • the eccentricities of the hollow cylinder 6 and the shaft 7 are directed in the same direction.
  • the unbalanced masses of the hollow cylinder 6 and the shaft 7 therefore add up in this position. If the shaft 7 is rotated 180 ° relative to the hollow cylinder 6, the eccentricities of the hollow cylinder 6 and shaft 7 are directed in opposite directions and the unbalanced mass of the shaft 7 must therefore be subtracted from the unbalanced mass of the hollow cylinder 6.
  • the unbalance masses 15 are the unbalance masses of the second group. These unbalanced masses 15 of the second group are freely rotatably supported on the shaft ends 1a and 1b.
  • the unbalanced masses 15 are connected to arms 16.
  • the unbalanced masses 15 have stop surfaces 17 and the arms 16 have stop surfaces 18.
  • 19 are stop blocks, which with the rotating shaft 1, etc. are rigidly connected to the shaft ends 1a and 1b. In the direction of rotation of the arrow 20, the stop block 19 takes up a stop on the stop surface 18 of the arm 16 with the unbalanced masses 15. The position shown in FIG. 2 thus results.
  • 22 is a tube that seals the vibrator. This can be of advantage for road rollers, where there is the possibility of filling the hollow roller with water to increase the weight.
  • the unbalanced masses can now be rotated relative to one another in different positions shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, which results in different unbalance effects.
  • the axis of rotation is again designated 8 in FIGS. 3 to 6.
  • S1 the center of gravity of the unbalanced mass of the hollow cylinder 6
  • S3 the center of gravity of the unbalanced mass formed by the shaft 7
  • S2 the common focus of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the unbalanced masses of the two arms 16.
  • 3a to 6a is analogously the mass of the hollow cylinder 6 with m1, the mass of the shaft 7 with m3 and the common mass of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the two arms 16 with m2.
  • the eccentricities of the focal points S1, S3 and S2 are denoted by e1, e3 and e2.
  • FIG. 3 shows the position of the unbalanced masses 15 when rotating in the direction of the arrow 21 according to FIG. 2, the stop surface 17 abutting the stop blocks 19.
  • Hiebei has the focus S1 an eccentricity e1 and Focus S3 an eccentricity e3 on. These two eccentricities are therefore directed in the same direction.
  • the focus S2 of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the unbalanced masses of the two arms 16 has an eccentricity e2.
  • This focus S2 is now shifted approximately towards the focus S1 and S3. Since the eccentricities e 1 and e 3 are directed in the same direction and the center of gravity S 2 is shifted approximately in the direction of the centers S 1 and S 3, the largest resulting mass moment for the vibrations results. These mass moments are shown in the diagram in FIG.
  • Fig. 4 the priorities S1, S3 and S2 are shown relative to the axis of rotation 8 again.
  • the unbalanced masses 6, 7 of the first group are set again so that the eccentricities e 1 and e 3 of the centers of gravity S 1 and S 3 are directed in the same direction.
  • the manual adjustment of the two unbalanced masses 6 and 7 of the first group thus remains unchanged.
  • the direction of rotation is now reversed in the direction of arrow 20 in FIG. 2.
  • the common focus S2 of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the unbalanced masses of the two arms 16 of the second group is therefore adjusted in the other direction.
  • the eccentricity e2 of the focus S2 is now directed against the eccentricities e1 and e3. This results in a diagram according to FIG.
  • the unbalanced masses 6 and 7 of the first group are now changed by manually rotating the shaft 7 with respect to the hollow cylinder 6 by 180 ° from the position shown in the drawing.
  • the eccentricity e3 of the center of gravity S3 is now directed against the eccentricity e1 of the center of gravity S1.
  • the unbalanced masses 6 and 7 therefore act in the opposite direction and are to be subtracted from one another.
  • the eccentricity e2 of the center of gravity S2 is directed approximately in the direction of the center of gravity S1.
  • This center of gravity S1 is the center of gravity of the hollow cylinder 6, the mass of which is greater than the mass of the shaft 7.
  • m. E mass moment
  • the unbalanced masses 15 are adjusted by rotation in the direction of the arrow 20 according to FIG. 2 so that the stop surface 18 bears against the stop block 19.
  • the eccentricity e2 of the center of gravity S2 of the unbalanced masses 15 of the second group is now adjusted against the eccentricity e1 of the unbalanced mass of the hollow cylinder 6.
  • the resultant mass moment (m. E) res is smaller than in the setting according to FIG. 5.
  • such a position of the unbalanced masses in asphalt construction is selected if smaller mass moments or amplitudes appear necessary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Machines (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Einrichtung zur Veränderung der Vibrationen eines Vibrators ohne Demontage desselben, insbesondere bei Vibratoren für Bodenverdichtungsmaschinen, wie beispielsweise Straßenwalzen, mit um eine gemeinsame Achse rotierbar gelagerten und zur Rotation um die gemeinsame Achse antreibbaren Unwuchtmassen, welche relativ zueinander verdrehbar sind.The invention relates to a device for changing the vibrations of a vibrator without dismantling the same, in particular for vibrators for soil compacting machines, such as road rollers, with unbalanced masses which can be rotated about a common axis and driven for rotation about the common axis and which can be rotated relative to one another.

Es ist bekannt, bei einem Vibrator die Unwuchtmassen relativ zueinander verlagerbar zu machen, um die Amplitude der Vibrationen zu verändern und den Erfordernissen weitgehend anzupassen. Dies gilt insbesondere für Straßenwalzen, wo es erforderlich ist, wahlweise harte Böden oder weiche Böden zu walzen. Hiebei wird die Walzung durch die Vibrationen begünstigt, wobei die Einrichtung zur Erzeugung solcher Vibrationen innerhalb des Walzenkörpers angeordnet ist. Beim Erdbau ist es zweckmäßig, die Amplituden der Schwingungen groß zu wählen, und beim Asphaltbau ist es zweckmäßig, mit kleineren Amplituden zu arbeiten. Der Walzenführer soll die Amplituden den jeweils vorliegenden Walzaufgaben entsprechend wählen und dies bereitet Schwierigkeiten, da für die Walzenführung nur angelerntes Personal eingesetzt werden kann. Aus der AT-A-250 423 ist es bekannt geworden, auf einer gemeinsamen Welle zwei lose Unwuchtmassen gegenüber zwei mit der Welle fest verbundenen Unwuchtmassen zu verstellen. Die Verstellung erfolgt hiebei über Differentialgetriebe, ist daher aufwendig und erfordert Fachkenntnisse. Aus der DE-A-17 58 226 ist es bekannt geworden, eine verdrehbar auf der gemeinsamen Welle gelagerte Unwuchtmasse gegenüber einer fest auf der Welle angeordneten Unwuchtmasse zu verstellen. Die verdrehbare Unwuchtmasse muß mittels einer Klemmschraube in ihrer Stellung gesichert werden. Die Einstellung dieser verdrehbaren Unwuchtmasse muß daher, beispielsweise im Falle einer Straßenwalze, vom Walzenführer gewählt werden, wofür ausreichende Fachkenntnisse erforderlich sind. Aus der DE-A-16 34 257 und aus der DE-A-17 59 301 ist eine Anordnung bekannt geworden, bei welcher auf einer gemeinsamen Welle eine Unwuchtmasse fest angeordnet und eine Unwuchtmasse zwischen um 180° versetzten Anschlägen verdrehbar ist. Durch Wechsel der Drehrichtung ergeben sich hiebei zwei Relativstellungen der beiden Unwuchten, wobei diese Unwuchten entweder gleichgerichtet oder entgegengerichtet sind. Eine solche Anordnung ermöglicht somit nur eine Einstellung des Vibrators in zwei verschiedenen Stufen. Aus der DE-A-21 64 140 ist eine Anordnung bekannt geworden, bei welcher zwei gleichachsig umlaufende Unwuchtmassen vorgesehen sind. Beide Unwuchtmassen weisen gesonderte Antriebe auf, welche so steuerbar sind, daß die Unwuchtmassen verschiedene Relativstellungen zueinander annehmen. In Anbetracht der beiden erforderlichen getrennten Antriebe ist eine solche Ausbildung aufwendig. Die Einstellung dieser getrennten Antriebe erfordert auch beträchtliche Fachkenntnisse, welche beispielsweise bei einem angelernten Walzenführer nicht vorausgesetzt werden können. Aus der GB-A-1 374 517 ist ein Vibrator bekannt geworden, bei welchem zwei gegensinnig rotierende Wellen mit Armen ausgestattet sind, welche aus mehreren Teilen bestehende Unwuchtmassen tragen. Es können Teile der Unwuchtmassen entfernt oder hinzugefügt werden und es können die Arme in verschiedene Winkelstellungen ummontiert werden. Dies ermöglicht wohl eine Verstellung auf verschiedene Amplituden der Vibrationen.It is known to make the unbalanced masses displaceable relative to one another in a vibrator in order to change the amplitude of the vibrations and largely adapt them to the requirements. This applies in particular to road rollers, where it is necessary to roll either hard floors or soft floors. In this way, the rolling is favored by the vibrations, the device for generating such vibrations being arranged within the roller body. In earthworks, it is advisable to choose large amplitudes of the vibrations, and in asphalt construction, it is advisable to work with smaller amplitudes. The roller operator should select the amplitudes according to the respective rolling tasks, and this creates difficulties, since only trained personnel can be used for the roller guidance. From AT-A-250 423 it has become known to adjust two loose unbalanced masses on a common shaft in relation to two unbalanced masses firmly connected to the shaft. The adjustment is carried out via differential gears and is therefore complex and requires specialist knowledge. From DE-A-17 58 226 it has become known to adjust an unbalanced mass rotatably mounted on the common shaft in relation to an unbalanced mass fixed on the shaft. The rotatable unbalanced mass must be secured in its position by means of a clamping screw. The setting of this rotatable unbalanced mass must therefore be chosen by the roller operator, for example in the case of a road roller, for what sufficient expertise is required. From DE-A-16 34 257 and from DE-A-17 59 301 an arrangement has become known in which an unbalanced mass is fixedly arranged on a common shaft and an unbalanced mass can be rotated between stops offset by 180 °. By changing the direction of rotation, there are two relative positions of the two unbalances, these unbalances being either rectified or opposed. Such an arrangement thus only allows the vibrator to be set in two different stages. From DE-A-21 64 140 an arrangement has become known in which two unbalanced masses rotating around the same axis are provided. Both unbalanced masses have separate drives which can be controlled so that the unbalanced masses assume different relative positions to one another. In view of the two separate drives required, such training is complex. The setting of these separate drives also requires considerable specialist knowledge, which cannot be assumed, for example, with a trained roller operator. From GB-A-1 374 517 a vibrator has become known in which two shafts rotating in opposite directions are equipped with arms which carry unbalanced masses consisting of several parts. Parts of the unbalance masses can be removed or added and the arms can be remounted in different angular positions. This probably allows adjustment to different amplitudes of the vibrations.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Anpassung der Amplituden der Vibrationen an die jeweilige Arbeitsaufgabe zu vereinfachen und zu erleichtern und ohne Demontage des Vibrators zu ermöglichen. Dies gilt im besonderen Maße für die Anpassung der Wirksamkeit einer Straßenwalze an verschiedene Bodenbeschaffenheiten. Zur Erfüllung dieser Aufgabe besteht die Erfindung im wesentlichen darin, daß zwei Gruppen von Unwuchtmassen vorgesehen sind, von welchen eine erste Gruppe zwei Unwuchtmassen aufweist, welche relativ zueinander in nur zwei um 180° gegeneinander versetzte, durch Anschläge bestimmte Endlagen von Hand aus durch Verstellung eines außen am freiliegenden und von außen betätigbaren Teiles verdrehbar und in diesen Endlagen festlegbar sind, und eine zweite Gruppe von Unwuchtmassen aufweist, welche alle auf der Welle des Vibrators verdrehbar gelagert sind und welche relativ zu den Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe innerhalb des Winkelbereiches zwischen den beiden Endlagen der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe um einen Winkel von weniger als 180° in durch Anschläge bestimmte Endlagen gemeinsam während des Betriebes verdrehbar sind, wobei die Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe im Bereich beider axialen Enden der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe gelagert sind und gleiche und gleich gerichtete Exzentrizitäten und gleiche Massen aufweisen und gleichsinnig miteinander verdrehbar sind.The invention has for its object to simplify and facilitate the adjustment of the amplitudes of the vibrations to the respective work task and to enable without dismantling the vibrator. This applies in particular to the adjustment of the effectiveness of a road roller different soil conditions. To achieve this object, the invention consists essentially in the fact that two groups of unbalanced masses are provided, of which a first group has two unbalanced masses, which are offset relative to one another in only two end positions determined by stops by hand by adjusting one are rotatable on the outside of the exposed and externally actuatable part and can be fixed in these end positions, and has a second group of unbalanced masses, which are all rotatably mounted on the shaft of the vibrator and which are relative to the unbalanced masses of the first group within the angular range between the two end positions the unbalanced masses of the first group can be rotated together during operation by an angle of less than 180 ° into end positions determined by stops, the unbalanced masses of the second group being mounted in the region of both axial ends of the unbalanced masses of the first group and the same and the same directional Ex have centricities and the same masses and can be rotated in the same direction.

Durch die Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe können zwei Grundeinstellungen gewählt werden. Diese Grundeinstellungen erfolgen von Hand aus vor Inbetriebnahme des Vibrators. Da die Verstellmittel hiefür außen am Vibrator freiliegen und von außen betätigbar sind, ist die Verstellung ohne Demontage des Vibrators und daher an der Einsatzstelle bzw. auf der Baustelle möglich. Dadurch, daß die beiden Grundeinstellungen durch Anschläge bestimmt sind, ist die Einstellung in diese beiden Grundeinstellungen einfach und ohne Fachkenntnisse durchführbar. Dadurch, daß zwischen den Anschlägen die Verdrehung der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe um 180° erfolgt, wird die größte Veränderung der Wirkung der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe erreicht. Wenn die Exzentrizitäten der beiden Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe gleichgerichtet sind, ist die größte Wirkung dieser Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe gegeben. Wenn die Exzentrizitäten dieser beiden Unwuchtmassen entgegengerichtet sind, ergibt sich die kleinste Unwuchtwirkung, welche sogar bis zu Null herabgesetzt werden könnte. Durch diese beiden Grundstellungen der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe ergibt sich somit die Einstellung der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe auf starke Vibratorwirkung und schwache Vibratorwirkung. Wenn es sich beispielsweise um einen Vibrator für Bodenverdichtungsmaschinen handelt, so ist es dem Walzenführer bekannt, ob er im Erdbau oder im Asphaltbau arbeitet und es ist ihm auch bekannt, daß im Erdbau mit großen und im Asphaltbau mit kleinen Amplituden verdichtet werden muß. Es ist somit auch ohne Fachkenntnisse möglich, diese Grundeinstellung vor Inbetriebnahme der Bodenverdichtungsmaschine von Hand aus zu wählen. Dadurch, daß die Relativlage der beiden Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe festlegbar ist, bleibt diese Grundeinstellung während des gesamten Betriebes aufrechterhalten, unabhängig davon, in welcher Weise die Verstellung der Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe erfolgt. Durch Verstellung der Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe können die durch die Verstellung von Hand aus der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe gewählten beiden Stufen wieder in zwei Stufen unterteilt werden, so daß eine Einstellung des Vibrators in vier Stufen ermöglicht wird. Da auch die Stellungen der Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe durch Endanschläge bestimmt sind, ist auch diese Einstellung einfach zu wählen und erfordert keine Fachkenntnisse. Da die Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe während des Betriebes in ihre durch Anschläge bestimmten Endlagen verstellbar sind, kommt von vorneherein eine Demontage des Vibrators zum Zwecke der Verstellung der Unwuchtmassen, die an der Einsatzstelle nicht durchgeführt werden könnte, nicht in Betracht. Die Bedienungsperson hat die Möglichkeit kurzfristig die Vibratorwirkung zu verändern. Dadurch, daß alle Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe verdrehbar sind, können sie voll für die Veränderung der durch die Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe erzeugten Amplituden der Schwingungen ausgenützt werden. Dadurch, daß die Endlagen der Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe um einen Winkel von weniger als 180° innerhalb des Winkelbereiches zwischen den beiden Verdreh-Endlagen der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe liegt, wirken die Exzentrizitäten der Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe zur selben Seite der Wirkungslinie der Exzentrizitäten der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe und können daher die beiden den Endlagen der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe resultierenden Exzentrizitäten in zwei weitere Stufen unterteilen. Es wird somit ermöglicht, die Gesamtunwucht des Vibrators in vier Stufen zu verstellen. Maßgebend für den Rütteleffekt des Vibrators ist die Exzentrizität des Gesamtschwerpunktes aller Unwuchtmassen. Je nach der Stellung der Unwuchtmassen relativ zu den Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe wird die Exzentrizität dieses Gesamtschwerpunktes vergrößert oder verkleinert.Due to the unbalanced masses of the first group, two basic settings can be selected. These basic settings are made manually before starting the vibrator. Since the adjustment means are exposed on the outside of the vibrator and can be actuated from the outside, adjustment is possible without dismantling the vibrator and therefore at the place of use or on the construction site. Because the two basic settings are determined by stops, the setting in these two basic settings can be carried out easily and without specialist knowledge. Because the unbalanced masses of the first group are rotated by 180 ° between the stops, the greatest change in the effect of the unbalanced masses of the first group is achieved. If the eccentricities of the two unbalanced masses of the first group are aligned, the greatest effect of these unbalanced masses of the first group is given. If the eccentricities of these two unbalanced masses are the opposite, the smallest unbalance effect results, which could even be reduced to zero. These two basic positions of the unbalanced masses of the first group thus result in the unbalanced masses of the first group being adjusted to a strong vibrator effect and a weak vibrator effect. If it is, for example, a vibrator for soil compacting machines, the roller operator knows whether he works in earthworks or in asphalt construction and he also knows that in earthworks with large and in asphalt construction with small amplitudes must be compacted. It is therefore possible, even without specialist knowledge, to select this basic setting by hand before starting up the soil compacting machine. Because the relative position of the two unbalanced masses of the first group can be determined, this basic setting is maintained throughout operation, regardless of the manner in which the unbalanced masses of the second group are adjusted. By adjusting the unbalanced masses of the second group, the two stages selected by manual adjustment from the unbalanced masses of the first group can again be divided into two stages, so that the vibrator can be adjusted in four stages. Since the positions of the unbalanced masses of the second group are also determined by end stops, this setting is also easy to choose and requires no specialist knowledge. Since the unbalanced masses of the second group can be adjusted to their end positions determined by stops during operation, disassembly of the vibrator for the purpose of adjusting the unbalanced masses, which could not be carried out at the point of use, is out of the question. The operator has the possibility to change the vibrator effect at short notice. Because all the unbalanced masses of the second group can be rotated, they can be fully utilized for changing the amplitudes of the vibrations generated by the unbalanced masses of the first group. Because the end positions of the unbalanced masses of the second Group lies at an angle of less than 180 ° within the angular range between the two rotational end positions of the unbalanced masses of the first group, the eccentricities of the unbalanced masses of the second group act on the same side of the line of action of the eccentricities of the unbalanced masses of the first group and can therefore do the two Subdivide the eccentricities resulting from the unbalance masses of the first group into two further stages. It is thus possible to adjust the total unbalance of the vibrator in four stages. The eccentricity of the overall center of gravity of all unbalanced masses is decisive for the vibrating effect of the vibrator. Depending on the position of the unbalanced masses relative to the unbalanced masses of the first group, the eccentricity of this overall center of gravity is increased or decreased.

Gemäß der Erfindung sind zweckmäßig die beiden Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe in ihren um 180° versetzten Endstellungen einrastbar, wodurch die Bedienung vereinfacht wird und Fehlermöglichkeiten ausgeschaltet werden. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung sind hiebei die Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe in an sich bekannter Weise von einem exzentrisch zur Drehachse angeordneten Hohlzylinder und einer innerhalb desselben zentrisch zur Drehachse gelagerten, mit einer Unwuchtmasse ausgestatteten Welle gebildet, wobei die Welle in den Stirnenden des Hohlzylinders in der Rotationsachse desselben verdrehbar und entgegen einer Federkraft axial verschiebbar gelagert ist und einen radialen Vorsprung aufweist, der alternativ in zwei um 180° versetzte Rasten eines Stirnendes einrastet. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich eine einfache Ausbildung und Lagerung der Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe und es ist lediglich nötig, daß die Bedienungsperson die Welle in Axialrichtung eindrückt und in eine der beiden um 180° gegeneinander versetzte Endlagen relativ zum Hohlzylinder verdreht, worauf dann der radiale Vorsprung in die entsprechende Rast einrastet.According to the invention, the two unbalanced masses of the first group can expediently be latched in their end positions offset by 180 °, which simplifies operation and eliminates the possibility of errors. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the unbalanced masses of the first group are formed in a manner known per se from a hollow cylinder which is arranged eccentrically to the axis of rotation and a shaft which is mounted centrally within the same to the axis of rotation and is equipped with an unbalanced mass, the shaft in the front ends of the hollow cylinder in the axis of rotation of the same is rotatable and axially displaceable counter to a spring force and has a radial projection which alternatively engages in two detents of 180 ° offset from one end. This results in a simple design and storage of the unbalanced masses of the first group and it is only necessary that the operator presses the shaft in the axial direction and rotates it in one of the two end positions offset by 180 ° relative to the hollow cylinder, whereupon the radial projection engages in the appropriate rest.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird die während des Betriebes erfolgende Verdrehung der Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppen durch an sich bekannte Umkehrung der Drehrichtung durchgeführt. Zu diesem Zweck weist gemäß der Erfindung jede Unwuchtmasse der zweiten Gruppe zwei Anschlagflächen auf, die bei einer Verdrehung dieser Unwuchtmassen mit einem mit der Welle des Vibrators verbundenen Anschlagbock zusammenwirken. Damit kann die Bedienungsperson durch einfache Umschaltung der Drehrichtung die Amplituden der Schwingungen bzw. die Vibrationswirkung verändern. Bei einer praktischen Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist hiebei eine der Anschlagflächen an den Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe selbst und eine der Anschlagflächen an den Unwuchtmassen gegenüberliegenden und mit diesen verbundenen Armen ausgebildet. Der Winkelabstand zwischen diesen beiden Anschlagflächen bestimmt den Winkel, um welchen die Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe bei Umschaltung der Drehrichtung verstellt werden. Die Anordnung kann hiebei gemäß der Erfindung so getroffen werden, daß die die Anschlagflächen aufweisenden Arme den Unwuchtmassen diametral gegenüberliegen. Diese die Anschlagflächen aufweisenden Arme haben auch eine Masse und stellen daher auch eine, wenn auch kleine Unwuchtmasse dar, welche von der großen Unwuchtmasse subtrahiert werden muß. Dadurch, daß diese Arme den Unwuchtmassen diametral gegenüberliegen, bleibt die Richtung der Exzentrizität der resultierenden Unwuchtmassen unverändert.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the unbalance masses of the second groups are rotated during operation by reversing the direction of rotation, which is known per se. For this purpose, according to the invention, each unbalanced mass of the second group has two stop surfaces, which interact with a stop block connected to the shaft of the vibrator when these unbalanced masses are rotated. The operator can thus change the amplitudes of the vibrations or the vibration effect by simply switching the direction of rotation. In a practical embodiment of the invention, one of the stop surfaces on the unbalanced masses of the second group itself and one of the stop surfaces on the unbalanced masses opposite and connected to them are formed. The angular distance between these two stop surfaces determines the angle by which the unbalanced masses of the second group are adjusted when the direction of rotation is switched. The arrangement can be made in accordance with the invention such that the arms having the stop surfaces are diametrically opposite the unbalanced masses. These arms, which have the stop surfaces, also have a mass and therefore also represent an unbalanced mass, albeit a small one, which must be subtracted from the large unbalanced mass. Because these arms are diametrically opposite the unbalanced masses, the direction of the eccentricity of the resulting unbalanced masses remains unchanged.

Die Vibratorwelle kann von einem Hydromotor über eine elastische Klauenkupplung angetrieben sein, was beispielsweise bei Straßenwalzen die einfachste Antriebsart darstellt. Im Falle einer Straßenwalze können gemäß der Erfindung die Vibratorwelle und die Unwuchtmassen der ersten und zweiten Gruppe in einem an die Lagerkörper angeschlossenen Rohr dicht eingeschlossen sein. In diesem Falle bietet die Abkapselung des Vibrators die Vorteile, daß die hohle Walze zur Gewichtserhöhung mit Wasser gefüllt werden kann und die Schmierung der Vibrationseinrichtung sehr einfach und wirksam durchgeführt werden kann.The vibrator shaft can be driven by a hydraulic motor via an elastic claw coupling, which is the simplest type of drive for road rollers, for example. In the case of a road roller, according to the invention, the vibrator shaft and the unbalanced masses of the first and second groups can be sealed in a tube connected to the bearing body. In this case, the encapsulation of the vibrator offers the advantages that the hollow roller can be filled with water to increase the weight and the lubrication the vibration device can be carried out very easily and effectively.

Zweckmäßig sind den beiden Grundeinstellungen der Exzentrizitäten unterschiedliche Frequenzen bzw. Drehzahlen der Vibrationseinrichtung zugeordnet, was besonders bei Straßenwalzen für Erd- oder Asphaltarbeiten vorteilhaft ist.Different frequencies or speeds of the vibration device are expediently assigned to the two basic settings of the eccentricities, which is particularly advantageous in the case of road rollers for earthworks or asphalt work.

In der Zeichnung ist die Erfindung an Hand eines Ausführungsbeispieles schematisch erläutert.In the drawing, the invention is explained schematically using an exemplary embodiment.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen Axialschnitt durch den Vibrator nach Linie I-I der Fig. 2. Fig. 2 zeigt einen Querschnitt nach Linie II-II der Fig. 1. Fig. 3, 4, 5 und 6 zeigen die Fliehgewichte der ersten und der zweiten Gruppe in verschiedenen Relativstellungen zueinander, wobei Fig. 3a, 4a, 5a und 6a die den Stellungen nach Fig. 3, 4, 5 und 6 zugehörigen Diagramme darstellen.Fig. 1 shows an axial section through the vibrator along line II of Fig. 2. Fig. 2 shows a cross section along line II-II of Fig. 1. Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 show the flyweights of the first and the second Group in different relative positions to one another, with FIGS. 3a, 4a, 5a and 6a representing the diagrams associated with the positions according to FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 6.

Wie Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen, wird die rotierende Welle 1 des Vibrators durch einen Hydromotor 2 über eine elastische Klauenkupplung 3 angetrieben. Die Welle ist in Lagern 4 und 5 gelagert. Die Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe sind von einem Hohlzylinder 6 und einer innerhalb des Hohlzylinders 6 angeordneten Welle 7 gebildet. Der Hohlzylinder 6 ist exzentrisch zur Achse 8 angeordnet und mit den Wellenstummeln 1a und 1b verschraubt. Dieser Hohlzylinder 6 bildet daher eine Unwuchtmasse. Die Welle 7 ist gleichachsig zur Achse 8 angeordnet, ist jedoch an der Seite 9 abgenommen. Diese Welle weist daher einen halbkreisförmigen Querschnitt auf, wodurch auch diese Welle 7 als Unwuchtmasse wirkt. Die Welle 1 ist in zwei Wellenstummel 1a und 1b unterteilt, welche durch den Hohlzylinder 6 miteinander verbunden sind. Die Wellenstummel 1a und 1b bilden Stirnwände des Hohlzylinders 6. In diesen beiden Stirnwänden bzw. Wellenstummeln 1a und 1b ist die Welle 7 verdrehbar gehaltert. Im Wellenstummel 1b ist ein Zapfen 10 eingesetzt, welcher in eine halbkreisförmige Nut 11 der Welle 7 ragt. An den beiden um 180° gegenüberliegenden Enden dieser Nut sind axial gerichtete Ausnehmungen 12 vorgesehen. Die Welle 7 ist axial verschiebbar gelagert und durch eine Schraubenfeder 13 in Richtung nach links gedrückt. In der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Stellung rastet der Zapfen 10 in eine der beiden Ausnehmungen 12 ein. Zum Zwecke der Verdrehung der Welle 7 relativ zum Hohlzylinder 6 wird von der Bedienungsperson die Welle 7 entgegen dem Druck der Feder 13 nach rechts gedrückt und durch Ansetzen eines Schraubenschlüssels an einen Sechskant 14 um 180° verdreht. In der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Stellung sind die Exzentrizitäten des Hohlzylinders 6 und der Welle 7 gleich gerichtet. Die Unwuchtmassen des Hohlzylinders 6 und der Welle 7 addieren sich daher in dieser Stellung. Wenn die Welle 7 um 180° relativ zum Hohlzylinder 6 verdreht wird, sind die Exzentrizitäten von Hohlzylinder 6 und Welle 7 entgegengesetzt gerichtet und es ist daher die Unwuchtmasse der Welle 7 von der Unwuchtmasse des Hohlzylinders 6 abzuziehen.1 and 2 show, the rotating shaft 1 of the vibrator is driven by a hydraulic motor 2 via an elastic claw coupling 3. The shaft is supported in bearings 4 and 5. The unbalanced masses of the first group are formed by a hollow cylinder 6 and a shaft 7 arranged inside the hollow cylinder 6. The hollow cylinder 6 is arranged eccentrically to the axis 8 and screwed to the shaft ends 1a and 1b. This hollow cylinder 6 therefore forms an unbalanced mass. The shaft 7 is arranged coaxially with the axis 8, but is removed on the side 9. This wave therefore has a semicircular cross-section, whereby this shaft 7 also acts as an unbalanced mass. The shaft 1 is divided into two shaft ends 1a and 1b, which are connected to one another by the hollow cylinder 6. The shaft ends 1a and 1b form end walls of the hollow cylinder 6. The shaft 7 is rotatably supported in these two end walls or shaft ends 1a and 1b. In the stub shaft 1b a pin 10 is inserted, which protrudes into a semicircular groove 11 of the shaft 7. Axially directed recesses 12 are provided at the two ends of this groove opposite each other by 180 °. The shaft 7 is axially displaceably supported and pressed in the direction to the left by a helical spring 13. In the position shown in the drawing, the pin 10 engages in one of the two recesses 12. For the purpose of rotating the shaft 7 relative to the hollow cylinder 6, the operator presses the shaft 7 to the right against the pressure of the spring 13 and rotates it by 180 ° by attaching a wrench to a hexagon 14. In the position shown in the drawing, the eccentricities of the hollow cylinder 6 and the shaft 7 are directed in the same direction. The unbalanced masses of the hollow cylinder 6 and the shaft 7 therefore add up in this position. If the shaft 7 is rotated 180 ° relative to the hollow cylinder 6, the eccentricities of the hollow cylinder 6 and shaft 7 are directed in opposite directions and the unbalanced mass of the shaft 7 must therefore be subtracted from the unbalanced mass of the hollow cylinder 6.

Die Unwuchtmassen 15 sind die Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe. Diese Unwuchtmassen 15 der zweiten Gruppe sind auf den Wellenstummeln 1a und 1b frei drehbar gelagert. Die Unwuchtmassen 15 sind mit Armen 16 verbunden. Die Unwuchtnassen 15 weisen Anschlagflächen 17 auf und die Arme 16 weisen Anschlagflächen 18 auf. 19 sind Anschlagböcke, welche mit der rotierenden Welle 1, u.zw. mit den Wellenstummeln 1a und 1b, starr verbunden sind. In der Drehrichtung des Pfeiles 20 nimmt der Anschlagbock 19 durch Anschlag an der Anschlagfläche 18 des Armes 16 die Unwuchtmassen 15 mit. Es ergibt sich somit die in Fig. 2 dargestellte Stellung. Wenn die Drehrichtung durch Umschaltung des Hydromotors 2 umgekehrt wird, so erfolgt die Drehung in Richtung des Pfeiles 21 und die Anschlagfläche 17 der Unwuchtmasse 15 gelangt in Anschlag an den Anschlagbock 19. Damit werden durch einfache Umkehrung der Drehrichtung die Unwuchtmassen 15 der zweiten Gruppe relativ zu den Unwuchtmassen 6, 7 der ersten Gruppe verdreht.The unbalance masses 15 are the unbalance masses of the second group. These unbalanced masses 15 of the second group are freely rotatably supported on the shaft ends 1a and 1b. The unbalanced masses 15 are connected to arms 16. The unbalanced masses 15 have stop surfaces 17 and the arms 16 have stop surfaces 18. 19 are stop blocks, which with the rotating shaft 1, etc. are rigidly connected to the shaft ends 1a and 1b. In the direction of rotation of the arrow 20, the stop block 19 takes up a stop on the stop surface 18 of the arm 16 with the unbalanced masses 15. The position shown in FIG. 2 thus results. If the direction of rotation is reversed by switching the hydraulic motor 2, then the rotation takes place in the direction of arrow 21 and the stop surface 17 of the unbalanced mass 15 comes into abutment against the stop block 19. Thus, by simply reversing the direction of rotation, the unbalanced masses 15 of the second group become relative the unbalanced masses 6, 7 of the first group.

22 ist ein Rohr, welches den Vibrator dicht abschließt. Dies kann von Vorteil bei Straßenwalzen sein, bei welchen die Möglichkeit besteht, die hohle Walze zur Erhöhung des Gewichtes mit Wasser zu füllen.22 is a tube that seals the vibrator. This can be of advantage for road rollers, where there is the possibility of filling the hollow roller with water to increase the weight.

Die Unwuchtmassen können nun in verschiedene in Fig. 3 bis 6 dargestellte Stellungen relativ zueinander verdreht werden, wodurch sich verschiedene Unwuchtwirkungen ergeben. Die Drehachse ist in Fig. 3 bis 6 wieder mit 8 bezeichnet. In allen Fällen ist der Schwerpunkt der Unwuchtmasse des Hohlzylinders 6 mit S₁ und der Schwerpunkt der durch die Welle 7 gebildeten Unwuchtmasse mit S₃ bezeichnet. Dies sind die Unwuchtmassen der ersten Gruppe. Der gemeinsame Schwerpunkt der beiden Unwuchtmassen 15 abzüglich der Unwuchtmassen der beiden Arme 16 ist mit S₂ bezeichnet. Dies sind die Unwuchtmassen der zweiten Gruppe.The unbalanced masses can now be rotated relative to one another in different positions shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, which results in different unbalance effects. The axis of rotation is again designated 8 in FIGS. 3 to 6. In all cases, the center of gravity of the unbalanced mass of the hollow cylinder 6 is denoted by S₁ and the center of gravity of the unbalanced mass formed by the shaft 7 is S₃. These are the unbalanced masses of the first group. The common focus of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the unbalanced masses of the two arms 16 is denoted by S₂. These are the unbalanced masses of the second group.

In den Fig. 3a bis 6a ist analog die Masse des Hohlzylinders 6 mit m₁, die Masse der Welle 7 mit m₃ und die gemeinsame Masse der beiden Unwuchtmassen 15 abzüglich der beiden Arme 16 mit m₂ bezeichnet. Die Exzentrizitäten der Schwerpunkte S₁, S₃ und S₂ sind mit e₁, e₃ und e₂ bezeichnet.3a to 6a is analogously the mass of the hollow cylinder 6 with m₁, the mass of the shaft 7 with m₃ and the common mass of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the two arms 16 with m₂. The eccentricities of the focal points S₁, S₃ and S₂ are denoted by e₁, e₃ and e₂.

In Fig. 3 ist die Stellung der Unwuchtmassen 15 bei Drehung in Richtung des Pfeiles 21 nach Fig. 2 dargestellt, wobei die Anschlagfläche 17 an den Anschlagböcken 19 anliegt. Hiebei weist der Schwerpunkt S₁ eine Exzentrizität e₁ und der Schwerpunkt S₃ eine Exzentrizität e₃ auf. Diese beiden Exzentrizitäten sind daher gleich gerichtet. Der Schwerpunkt S₂ der beiden Unwuchtmassen 15 abzüglich der Unwuchtmassen der beiden Arme 16 weist eine Exzentrizität e₂ auf. Dieser Schwerpunkt S₂ ist nun ungefähr in Richtung zu den Schwerpunkten S₁ und S₃ verlagert. Da die Exzentrizitäten e₁ und e₃ in gleiche Richtung gerichtet sind und auch der Schwerpunkt S₂ ungefähr in Richtung zu den Schwerpunkten S₁ und S₃ verlagert ist, ergibt sich das größte resultierende Massenmoment für die Schwingungen. Diese Massenmomente sind im Diagramm nach Fig. 3a dargestellt. Das resultierende Massenmoment (m . e) res ist im Diagramm nach Fig. 3a dargestellt. Im Falle einer Straßenwalze wird die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Relativstellung der Unwuchtmassen im Erdbau gewählt, wenn große Massenmomente für die Schwingungen erforderlich sind.FIG. 3 shows the position of the unbalanced masses 15 when rotating in the direction of the arrow 21 according to FIG. 2, the stop surface 17 abutting the stop blocks 19. Hiebei has the focus S₁ an eccentricity e₁ and Focus S₃ an eccentricity e₃ on. These two eccentricities are therefore directed in the same direction. The focus S₂ of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the unbalanced masses of the two arms 16 has an eccentricity e₂. This focus S₂ is now shifted approximately towards the focus S₁ and S₃. Since the eccentricities e 1 and e 3 are directed in the same direction and the center of gravity S 2 is shifted approximately in the direction of the centers S 1 and S 3, the largest resulting mass moment for the vibrations results. These mass moments are shown in the diagram in FIG. 3a. The resulting mass moment (m. E) res is shown in the diagram according to FIG. 3a. In the case of a road roller, the relative position of the unbalanced masses in earthworks shown in FIG. 3 is selected if large mass moments are required for the vibrations.

In Fig. 4 sind wieder die Schwerpunkte S₁, S₃ und S₂ relativ zur Rotationsachse 8 dargestellt. Die Unwuchtmassen 6, 7 der ersten Gruppe sind wieder so eingestellt, daß die Exzentrizitäten e₁ und e₃ der Schwerpunkte S₁ und S₃ nach der gleichen Richtung gerichtet sind. Die händische Einstellung der beiden Unwuchtmassen 6 und 7 der ersten Gruppe bleibt somit unverändert. Die Drehrichtung ist aber nun in Richtung des Pfeiles 20 nach Fig. 2 umgekehrt. Der gemeinsame Schwerpunkt S₂ der beiden Unwuchtmassen 15 abzüglich der Unwuchtmassen der beiden Arme 16 der zweiten Gruppe wird daher in der anderen Richtung verstellt. Die Exzentrizität e₂ des Schwerpunktes S₂ ist nun entgegen den Exzentrizitäten e₁ und e₃ gerichtet. Es ergibt sich somit ein Diagramm gemäß Fig. 4a, gemäß welchem das resultierende Massenmoment (m . e) res etwas kleiner ist als gemäß Fig. 3a. Im Falle einer Straßenwalze wird beispielsweise eine solche Relativstellung der Unwuchtmassen beim Erdbau gewählt, wenn kleinere Massenmomente bzw. Amplituden erforderlich sind.In Fig. 4 the priorities S₁, S₃ and S₂ are shown relative to the axis of rotation 8 again. The unbalanced masses 6, 7 of the first group are set again so that the eccentricities e 1 and e 3 of the centers of gravity S 1 and S 3 are directed in the same direction. The manual adjustment of the two unbalanced masses 6 and 7 of the first group thus remains unchanged. The direction of rotation is now reversed in the direction of arrow 20 in FIG. 2. The common focus S₂ of the two unbalanced masses 15 minus the unbalanced masses of the two arms 16 of the second group is therefore adjusted in the other direction. The eccentricity e₂ of the focus S₂ is now directed against the eccentricities e₁ and e₃. This results in a diagram according to FIG. 4a, according to which the resulting mass moment (m. E) res is somewhat smaller than according to FIG. 3a. In the case of a road roller, for example, such a relative position of the unbalanced masses in earthworks is selected if smaller mass moments or amplitudes are required.

Bei der Darstellung nach Fig. 5 und 6 werden nun durch händische Verdrehung der Welle 7 gegenüber dem Hohlzylinder 6 um 180° aus der in der Zeichnung dargestellten Stellung die Unwuchtmassen 6 und 7 der ersten Gruppe umgestellt. Die Exzentrizität e₃ des Schwerpunktes S₃ ist nun entgegen der Exzentrizität e₁ des Schwerpunktes S₁ gerichtet. Die Unwuchtmassen 6 und 7 wirken daher in entgegengesetzter Richtung und sind voneinander zu subtrahieren.5 and 6, the unbalanced masses 6 and 7 of the first group are now changed by manually rotating the shaft 7 with respect to the hollow cylinder 6 by 180 ° from the position shown in the drawing. The eccentricity e₃ of the center of gravity S₃ is now directed against the eccentricity e₁ of the center of gravity S₁. The unbalanced masses 6 and 7 therefore act in the opposite direction and are to be subtracted from one another.

In der Darstellung nach Fig. 5 ist die Exzentrizität e₂ des Schwerpunktes S₂ ungefähr in Richtung des Schwerpunktes S₁ gerichtet. Dieser Schwerpunkt S₁ ist der Schwerpunkt des Hohlzylinders 6, dessen Masse größer ist als die Masse der Welle 7. Wie das Diagramm nach Fig. 5a zeigt, ergibt sich somit ein kleineres resultierendes Massenmoment (m . e) res als bei den Stellungen gemäß Fig. 3 und 4, jedoch immerhin noch ein größeres Massenmoment als bei der Stellung nach Fig. 6. Die Drehung der Welle 1 erfolgt nun in Richtung des Pfeiles 21, wodurch die Unwuchtmassen 15 verstellt werden.5, the eccentricity e₂ of the center of gravity S₂ is directed approximately in the direction of the center of gravity S₁. This center of gravity S₁ is the center of gravity of the hollow cylinder 6, the mass of which is greater than the mass of the shaft 7. As the diagram according to FIG. 5a shows, this results in a smaller resulting mass moment (m. E) res than in the positions according to FIG. 3 and 4, but still a greater mass moment than in the position according to FIG. 6. The rotation of the shaft 1 now takes place in the direction of the arrow 21, as a result of which the unbalanced masses 15 are adjusted.

In Fig. 6 sind die Unwuchtmassen 15 durch Drehung in Richtung des Pfeiles 20 nach Fig. 2 so verstellt, daß die Anschlagfläche 18 am Anschlagbock 19 anliegt. Die Exzentrizität e₂ des Schwerpunktes S₂ der Unwuchtmassen 15 der zweiten Gruppe ist nun entgegen der Exzentrizität e₁ der Unwuchtmasse des Hohlzylinders 6 verstellt. Es ergibt sich somit, wie Fig. 6a zeigt, ein kleineres resultierendes Massenmoment (m . e) res als bei der Einstellung nach Fig. 5. Im Falle einer Straßenwalze wird eine solche Stellung der Unwuchtmassen im Asphaltbau gewählt, wenn kleinere Massenmomente bzw. Amplituden erforderlich erscheinen.6, the unbalanced masses 15 are adjusted by rotation in the direction of the arrow 20 according to FIG. 2 so that the stop surface 18 bears against the stop block 19. The eccentricity e₂ of the center of gravity S₂ of the unbalanced masses 15 of the second group is now adjusted against the eccentricity e₁ of the unbalanced mass of the hollow cylinder 6. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6a, the resultant mass moment (m. E) res is smaller than in the setting according to FIG. 5. In the case of a road roller, such a position of the unbalanced masses in asphalt construction is selected if smaller mass moments or amplitudes appear necessary.

Claims (8)

  1. Device for altering the vibrations of a vibrator without dismantling the latter, in particular of vibrators for soil compacting machines, such as road rollers, for example, with unbalanced masses (6, 7, 15), which are rotatably mounted about a common axis (8), can be driven to rotate about the common axis (8) and can be turned relative to one another, characterised in that two groups of unbalanced masses (6, 7, 15) are provided, a first group of which comprises two unbalanced masses (6, 7), which can be manually turned relative to one another into just two end positions (Figures 3, 4 and Figures 5, 6), which are staggered by 180° and determined by stops (10), by adjusting a part which is exposed on the outside of the vibrator and can be externally manipulated, which masses can be fixed in these end positions, and comprises a second group of unbalanced masses (15), which are all mounted on the shaft (1) of the vibrator such that they can be turned and which can be turned together during operation relative to the unbalanced masses (6, 7) of the first group within the angular range between the two end positions of the unbalanced masses (6, 7) of the first group through an angle of less than 180° into end positions, which are determined by stops (17, 18 and 19), the unbalanced masses (15) of the second group being mounted in the area of the two axial ends of the unbalanced masses (6, 7) of the first group, having equal and unidirectional eccentricities (e₂) and equal masses and being capable of turning together in the same direction.
  2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the two unbalanced masses (6, 7) of the first group can be engaged in their end positions, which are staggered by 180°.
  3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the unbalanced masses (6, 7) of the first group are formed in a manner known per se by a hollow cylinder (6), which is arranged eccentrically to the axis of rotation, and a shaft (7), which is mounted inside the cylinder concentrically with the axis of rotation and provided with an unbalanced mass, and that the shaft (7) is mounted in the end faces (1a, 1b) of the hollow cylinder (6) such that it can be turned about the axis of rotation of the latter and axially displaced against a spring force (13) and comprises a radial projection (10), which engages in either of two recesses (12), which are staggered by 180°, in an end face (1b).
  4. Device according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that the unbalanced masses (15) of the second group are turned from one end position into the other by reversing the direction of rotation of the shaft (1) of the vibrator in a manner known per se.
  5. Device according to claim 4, characterised in that each unbalanced mass (15) of the second group comprises two stop surfaces (17, 18), which co-operate with a stop lug (19), which is connected to the shaft (1) of the vibrator, when these unbalanced masses (15) are turned.
  6. Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterised in that one (17) of the stop surfaces (17, 18) is formed on the unbalanced masses (15) of the second group and the other (18) of the stop surfaces (17, 18) is formed on arms (16), which are opposite the unbalanced masses (15) and connected to the latter.
  7. Device according to claim 6, characterised in that the arms (16) comprising the stop surfaces (17) lie diametrically opposite the unbalanced masses (15).
  8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the vibrator shaft (1) and the unbalanced masses (6, 7, 15) of the first and second groups are tightly enclosed in a tube (22), which is joined to the bearing bodies (3, 5), in the case of a road roller.
EP19870890045 1986-03-27 1987-03-10 Apparatus for generating vibrations Expired - Lifetime EP0239561B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT0083386A AT389723B (en) 1986-03-27 1986-03-27 DEVICE FOR GENERATING VIBRATIONS
AT833/86 1986-03-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0239561A2 EP0239561A2 (en) 1987-09-30
EP0239561A3 EP0239561A3 (en) 1988-06-15
EP0239561B1 true EP0239561B1 (en) 1992-07-29

Family

ID=3500831

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870890045 Expired - Lifetime EP0239561B1 (en) 1986-03-27 1987-03-10 Apparatus for generating vibrations

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0239561B1 (en)
CN (1) CN87102358A (en)
AT (1) AT389723B (en)
DE (1) DE3780666D1 (en)
TR (1) TR23201A (en)

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ATE123319T1 (en) * 1989-08-03 1995-06-15 Ammann Verdichtung Ag SOIL COMPACTION DEVICE.
FI102815B1 (en) * 1997-12-31 1999-02-26 Nordberg Lokomo Oy Vibration unit
JP3799022B2 (en) * 2003-02-24 2006-07-19 酒井重工業株式会社 Vibration mechanism and vibration roller
DE102009055950A1 (en) * 2009-11-27 2011-06-01 Hamm Ag Compactor for compacting grounds, has movable drum rotatable around drum axle, where drum part of drum comprises vibration generator that is supported at distance from drum axle in drum
DE102010021961A1 (en) 2010-05-28 2012-04-19 Bomag Gmbh Vibration generator for a soil compaction device and soil compaction device
CN102510165B (en) * 2011-11-02 2013-10-23 无锡富岛精工有限公司 Reversible vibration motor
CN104653592B (en) * 2013-11-15 2019-01-22 迪纳帕克压紧设备股份公司 Eccentric shaft with fixed and movable eccentric massblock
EP3105493A4 (en) * 2014-02-10 2017-10-25 Volvo Construction Equipment AB A simple structured eccentric assembly with enhanced lubrication
EP3397814B1 (en) * 2015-12-28 2019-09-18 Volvo Construction Equipment AB Eccentric assembly for a vibration compacting machine
CN106192688A (en) * 2016-08-31 2016-12-07 广西恒日科技股份有限公司 A kind of eccentric vibration mechanism
CN107891506B (en) * 2017-12-31 2024-03-19 高唐县鼎力建筑机械有限公司 Multistage horizontal underlying concrete high-frequency vibrator

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DE1111107B (en) * 1955-03-14 1961-07-13 Dingler Werke Ag Vibrating roller for compacting soil and other debris
AT203196B (en) * 1956-11-10 1959-05-11 Byggmekanisering Ab Abrasive machine
AT220651B (en) * 1959-03-09 1962-04-10 Schenkir Dipl Ing Ludwig Soil compactor with rotating imbalances
AT250423B (en) * 1963-10-17 1966-11-10 Buckau Wolf Maschf R Automotive compaction machine
DE1634257A1 (en) * 1965-12-24 1971-09-30 Bopparder Maschb Gmbh Vibrating roller
DE1558848A1 (en) * 1967-03-11 1970-06-18 Losenhausen Maschb Ag Vibration generator designed as a directional vibrator with changeable vibration direction
DE1558869A1 (en) * 1967-05-19 1970-05-06 Wissenschaftlich Tech Zentrum Vibration device for compacting fine and coarse-grained materials
AT274032B (en) * 1967-09-30 1969-09-10 Losenhausen Maschinenbau Ag Unbalance vibrator
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AT303802B (en) * 1968-04-19 1972-12-11 Abg Werke Gmbh Vibrating roller with eccentric masses to generate balancing forces
DE1758226A1 (en) * 1968-04-26 1971-01-14 Losenhausen Maschb Ag Unbalance rioters
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GB1374517A (en) * 1972-03-23 1974-11-20 Simonacco Ltd Vibrating devices
US3909147A (en) * 1974-11-07 1975-09-30 Raygo Inc Variable amplitude vibration generator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT389723B (en) 1990-01-25
EP0239561A3 (en) 1988-06-15
EP0239561A2 (en) 1987-09-30
ATA83386A (en) 1989-06-15
CN87102358A (en) 1988-01-06
TR23201A (en) 1989-06-15
DE3780666D1 (en) 1992-09-03

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