EP0231978B1 - Building block and construction made by the use thereof - Google Patents

Building block and construction made by the use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0231978B1
EP0231978B1 EP87200151A EP87200151A EP0231978B1 EP 0231978 B1 EP0231978 B1 EP 0231978B1 EP 87200151 A EP87200151 A EP 87200151A EP 87200151 A EP87200151 A EP 87200151A EP 0231978 B1 EP0231978 B1 EP 0231978B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
block
fork
blocks
length
recess
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87200151A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0231978A3 (en
EP0231978A2 (en
Inventor
Joseph Gillet
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Hanota Holdings SA
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Hanota Holdings SA
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Publication date
Application filed by Hanota Holdings SA filed Critical Hanota Holdings SA
Priority to AT87200151T priority Critical patent/ATE59074T1/en
Publication of EP0231978A2 publication Critical patent/EP0231978A2/en
Publication of EP0231978A3 publication Critical patent/EP0231978A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0231978B1 publication Critical patent/EP0231978B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • E04B2/54—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0265—Building elements for making arcuate walls

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building block, in particular to formwork blocks intended to be laid dry one on the other and one in the extension of the other and to be filled with a binder, such as concrete and such as defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the main object of the invention is a building block having the aforementioned characteristics making it possible to mount curvilinear or circular walls of radii of curvature or of variable diameters.
  • Document DE-A 3,411,479 describes and represents a building block of this type which, however, risks posing sealing problems to the external vertical joints in rounded constructions produced by means of these blocks from a certain radius of curvature.
  • a slit is formed at the location of these joints requiring, for example for aesthetic reasons, a subsequent rejoining.
  • the depth of one of the abovementioned housings, in the direction of the length of the block, is greater than the corresponding depth of the other housing.
  • the end where the aforementioned housings are provided has a face or similar members substantially parallel to the plane passing through the free ends of the fork.
  • the shallow side of the housing, against which the corresponding free end of the fork fits, is inclined so as to form an acute angle with the bisector plane of the fork.
  • At least one of the external lateral faces of the block has a convex or concave shape.
  • one of the lateral faces is convex, the other being concave, the transverse sections of the two lateral faces in a plane parallel to the base of the block being substantially identical.
  • the invention also relates to a construction carried out by means of blocks as described above.
  • the invention relates to a building block which is preferably made of concrete or a similar material and which is intended for making constructions in which at least part of the walls are curved.
  • a block 1 having at one of its ends a fork 2 and at its opposite end 3, in fact forming the back of the block, near the lateral edges 4 and 5 of this end 3 housings respectively 6 and 7 are provided in which can engage the free ends 8 and 9 of the fork 2 of another block substantially of the same type.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show in plan three identical blocks 1a, 1b, 1c interlocking with each other along a curved line.
  • This block is characterized in that the depth of one of the housings 7, in the direction of the length of the block 1, is greater than the corresponding depth of the other housing 6.
  • the end or the back 3 of the block 1 has a face 10 substantially parallel to the plane 11 passing through the free ends 8 and 9 of the fork 2.
  • the face 12 of the shallowest housing 6 against which the free end 8 of the fork 2 can be adapted is inclined, so as to form an acute angle with the longitudinal bisector plane 13 of the fork 2.
  • branches 14 and 15 of the fork 2 have substantially the same length. This facilitates among others the production of molds for the manufacture of these blocks.
  • This hollow has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped whose corners directed towards the back 3 of the block have reinforcements 17.
  • the length of the fork 2 is advantageously different from that of half of the block 1.
  • the length of the fork is preferably less than the length of half the block and corresponds, for example, to one third of the length of the block.
  • At least one of the external lateral faces of these blocks has a convex or concave appearance.
  • the external lateral face 18 opposite the opposite external lateral face 19, oriented towards the center of curvature of the wall, is convex.
  • the section of these two lateral faces 18 and 19 along a plane parallel to the base of the block are preferably substantially identical in order to facilitate the production of the molds.
  • the lateral partition wall between two blocks can simply consist of a folded sheet.
  • These convex and concave shapes can thus have a polygonal shape.
  • the two outer lateral faces 18 and 19 have a cross section along a plane parallel to the base of the block having the form of a broken line composed of two straight segments which substantially intersect in the middle of its faces, as indicated by the reference 20.
  • these faces could have a curved appearance.
  • the shallowest housing 6 is located on the side of the convex external lateral face 18.
  • notches 23 are provided in the upper edge of the transverse walls 21 and 22. These notches 23 are intended to receive the bars of horizontal reinforcement 24.
  • vertical reinforcing bars 25 can thus be held in place by fixing them, for example, at regular places to the horizontal bars immobilized in the notches 23.
  • the construction carried out according to the invention by means of these blocks consists in placing the blocks along a curved line 26 in line with each other, so that the free ends 8 and 9 of the forks 2 of a block 1a s 'engage in the housing 6 and 7 of the adjacent block 1 b.
  • the deepest housing 7 is located on the side of the lateral face 19 directed towards the center of curvature, not shown, of the line 26.
  • the forks of the different blocks are oriented in the same direction, as indicated by arrow 27.
  • the fitting of the forks 2 with the corresponding housings 6 and 7 of an adjacent block is adjustable as a function of the desired radius of curvature of the line 26.
  • the free end 8 of the branch 14 of the fork 2 located on the side of the side face 18 opposite to that directed towards the center of curvature of the line 26 is engaged to the bottom in the length 4, while the free end 9 of the other branch 15 engages in the housing 6 over a depth which is a function of the desired length of the radius of curvature of the line 26.
  • Figure 1 shows a construction where the two free ends 8 and 9 of the fork are engaged to the bottom in the corresponding housings 6 and 7 of the adjacent block, so that the radius of curvature has a minimum length.
  • Figure 2 shows these same blocks but arranged along a line 26 having a greater radius of curvature, so that only the end 8 of the branch 14 of the fork 2 is engaged to the bottom in its corresponding housing 6, while the free end 9 of the other branch 15 is located at a certain distance from the bottom of its housing 7.
  • a slight slot 28 is thus provided on the side of the lateral faces 18 of the blocks which, if necessary, can be filled with mortar, for example during the finishing of the curved wall produced by means of these blocks.
  • the internal surfaces 29 and 30 delimiting the hollow 16 of the blocks 1 are entirely flat and parallel to each other, which also facilitates the production of the molds and does not have of course no drawbacks when laying the blocks.
  • these straight faces 29 and 30 facilitate the calibration of the blocks, which can for example consist in depositing either small heaps of dry cement or streaks of dry cement on the upper edges of the side walls of the blocks delimited by go, by the faces 18 and 29 and, on the other hand, by the faces 19 and 30 of the blocks when these blocks leave the press and are still wet. This cement is then flattened to the calibrated height of the blocks.
  • back 10 of the blocks could be constituted by ribs, rather than by a planar, substantially continuous projection parallel to the plane 11 passing through the ends 8 and 9 of the fork 2.

Abstract

There is described a building block, notably shuttering blocks to be laid dry, having at the one end thereof a fork and at the other end thereof, adjacent the side edges thereof, recesses wherein the free fork ends from another block substantially of the same type, can enter, in which the depth of the one said recesses along the block length direction, is deeper than the corresponding depth of the other recess.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un bloc de construction, notamment à des blocs de coffrage destinés à être posés à sec les uns sur les autres et les uns dans le prolongement des autres et à être remplis par un liant, tel que du béton et tel que défini dans le préambule de la revendication 1.The present invention relates to a building block, in particular to formwork blocks intended to be laid dry one on the other and one in the extension of the other and to be filled with a binder, such as concrete and such as defined in the preamble of claim 1.

Il s'agit plus particulièrement de bloc présentant à une de leurs extrémités une fourche et à leur autre extrémité, à proximité des arêtes latérales de cette dernière, des logements dans lesquels peuvent s'engager les extrémités libres de ladite fourche d'un autre bloc sensiblement du même type.It is more particularly a block having at one of their ends a fork and at their other end, near the lateral edges of the latter, housings in which the free ends of said fork of another block can engage. substantially the same type.

L'invention a essentiellement pour but un bloc de construction présentant les caractéristiques précitées permettant de monter des murs curvilignes ou circulaires de rayons de courbure ou de diamètres variables.The main object of the invention is a building block having the aforementioned characteristics making it possible to mount curvilinear or circular walls of radii of curvature or of variable diameters.

Il s'agit plus particulièrement d'un bloc de construction permettant la construction de silos ou tours d'allure cylindrique.It is more particularly a building block allowing the construction of silos or cylindrical towers.

Le document DE-A 3.411.479 décrit et représente un bloc de construction de ce type qui, toutefois, risque de poser des problèmes d'étanchéité aux joints verticaux extérieurs dans des constructions arrondies réalisées au moyen de ces blocs à partir d'un certain rayon de courbure. De plus, une fente se forme à l'endroit de ces joints nécessitant, par exemple pour des raisons d'esthétique, un rejoin- toyage ultérieur.Document DE-A 3,411,479 describes and represents a building block of this type which, however, risks posing sealing problems to the external vertical joints in rounded constructions produced by means of these blocks from a certain radius of curvature. In addition, a slit is formed at the location of these joints requiring, for example for aesthetic reasons, a subsequent rejoining.

A cet effet, dans le bloc de construction suivant l'invention, la profondeur d'un des logements précités, dans le sens de la longueur du bloc, est supérieure à la profondeur correspondante de l'autre logement.To this end, in the building block according to the invention, the depth of one of the abovementioned housings, in the direction of the length of the block, is greater than the corresponding depth of the other housing.

Avantageusement, l'extrémité où sont prévus les logements précités présente une face ou des organes similaires sensiblement parallèles au plan passant par les extrémités libres de la fourche.Advantageously, the end where the aforementioned housings are provided has a face or similar members substantially parallel to the plane passing through the free ends of the fork.

Suivant une forme de réalisation particulièrement avantageuse de l'invention, la face du logement le moins profond, contre laquelle s'adapte l'extrémité libre correspondante de la fourche, est inclinée, de manière à former un angle aigu avec le plan bissecteur de la fourche.According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the shallow side of the housing, against which the corresponding free end of the fork fits, is inclined so as to form an acute angle with the bisector plane of the fork.

Suivant une forme de réalisation préférentielle de l'invention, au moins une des faces latérales extérieures du bloc présente une allure convexe ou concave.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one of the external lateral faces of the block has a convex or concave shape.

Suivant une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, une des faces latérales est convexe, l'autre étant concave, les coupes transversales des deux faces latérales suivant un plan parallèle à la base du bloc étant sensiblement identique.According to a particular embodiment of the invention, one of the lateral faces is convex, the other being concave, the transverse sections of the two lateral faces in a plane parallel to the base of the block being substantially identical.

L'invention concerne également une construction réalisée au moyens de blocs tels que décrits ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a construction carried out by means of blocks as described above.

Il s'agit notamment d'une construction qui est caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comprend des blocs posés suivant une ligne sensiblement courbe et dans le prolongement les uns des autres, de manière que les extrémités libres de la fourche d'un bloc déterminé s'engagent dans les logements correspondants du bloc adjacent, le logement le plus profond se situant du côté latéral des blocs dirigé vers le centre de courbure de la ligne susdite.It is in particular a construction which is characterized by the fact that it comprises blocks placed along a substantially curved line and in line with one another, so that the free ends of the fork of a determined block engage in the corresponding housings of the adjacent block, the deepest housing being located on the lateral side of the blocks directed towards the center of curvature of the above line.

D'autres détails et particularités de l'invention ressortiront de la description donnée ci-après, à titre d'exemples non limitatifs d'une forme de réalisation particulière du bloc de construction, suivant l'invention, et d'une construction réalisée au moyen de ce bloc ; cette description ne limite donc pas la portée de l'invention ; dans les différentes figures annexées les mêmes chiffres de référence concernent les mêmes éléments.

  • La figure 1 est une vue en plan de trois blocs suivant une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, posés dans le prolongement l'un de l'autre suivant le rayon de courbure minimum.
  • La figure 2 montre ces mêmes blocs mais posés suivant un rayon de courbure plus grand.
  • La figure 3 est une vue en perspective d'une partie d'une construction réalisée au moyen du même type de blocs que ceux représentés aux figures 1 et 2.
Other details and particularities of the invention will emerge from the description given below, by way of nonlimiting examples of a particular embodiment of the building block, according to the invention, and of a construction carried out at means of this block; this description therefore does not limit the scope of the invention; in the various appended figures the same reference numbers relate to the same elements.
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of three blocks according to a particular embodiment of the invention, placed in the extension of one another along the minimum radius of curvature.
  • Figure 2 shows these same blocks but placed along a larger radius of curvature.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of part of a construction produced by means of the same type of blocks as those represented in FIGS. 1 and 2.

L'invention concerne un bloc de construction qui est de préférence réalisé en béton ou en une matière similaire et qui est destiné à la réalisation de constructions dont au moins une partie des parois est courbée.The invention relates to a building block which is preferably made of concrete or a similar material and which is intended for making constructions in which at least part of the walls are curved.

Il s'agit plus particulièrement de blocs de coffrage creux destinés à être posés à sec et dans lesquels un liant doit être coulé, tel que du béton, pour solidariser des blocs assemblés.These are more particularly hollow formwork blocks intended to be laid dry and into which a binder must be poured, such as concrete, to secure assembled blocks.

Comme montré aux figures, il s'agit d'un bloc 1 présentant à une de ses extrémités une fourche 2 et à son extrémité opposée 3, formant en fait le dos du bloc, à proximité des arêtes latérales 4 et 5 de cette extrémité 3 des logements respectivement 6 et 7 sont prévus dans lesquels peuvent s'engager les extrémités libres 8 et 9 de la fourche 2 d'un autre bloc sensiblement du même type.As shown in the figures, it is a block 1 having at one of its ends a fork 2 and at its opposite end 3, in fact forming the back of the block, near the lateral edges 4 and 5 of this end 3 housings respectively 6 and 7 are provided in which can engage the free ends 8 and 9 of the fork 2 of another block substantially of the same type.

Les figures 1 et 2 montrent en plan trois blocs identiques 1a, 1 b, 1 c s'emboîtant l'un avec l'autre suivant une ligne courbe.Figures 1 and 2 show in plan three identical blocks 1a, 1b, 1c interlocking with each other along a curved line.

Ce bloc est caractérisé par le fait que la profondeur d'un des logements 7, dans le sens de la longueur du bloc 1, est supérieure à la profondeur correspondante de l'autre logement 6.This block is characterized in that the depth of one of the housings 7, in the direction of the length of the block 1, is greater than the corresponding depth of the other housing 6.

L'extrémité ou le dos 3 du bloc 1 présente une face 10 sensiblement parrallèle au plan 11 passant par les extrémités libres 8 et 9 de la fourche 2.The end or the back 3 of the block 1 has a face 10 substantially parallel to the plane 11 passing through the free ends 8 and 9 of the fork 2.

Ceci présente l'avantage de permettre la manutention des blocs pour l'empaquetage avec n'importe quelle type de pince à empaqueter.This has the advantage of allowing the handling of the blocks for packaging with any type of pliers to be packaged.

Dans la forme de réalisation du bloc suivant l'invention montrée aux figures, la face 12 du logement le moins profond 6 contre laquelle peut s'adapter l'extrémité libre 8 de la fourche 2, est inclinée, de manière à former un angle aigu avec le plan bissecteur longitudinal 13 de la fourche 2.In the embodiment of the block according to the invention shown in the figures, the face 12 of the shallowest housing 6 against which the free end 8 of the fork 2 can be adapted, is inclined, so as to form an acute angle with the longitudinal bisector plane 13 of the fork 2.

Ceci constitue un moyen permettant d'éviter la formation d'un joint trop large entre l'extrémité libre 8 de la fourche 2 d'un bloc 1 a et l'arête 4 du logement correspondant 6 du bloc adjacent 1 b, par exemple, et ceci sensiblement indépendamment de la longueur du rayon de courbure de la construction réalisée au moyen de ces blocs.This constitutes a means making it possible to avoid the formation of an excessively large joint between the free end 8 of the fork 2 of a block 1 a and the edge 4 of the corresponding housing 6 of the adjacent block 1 b, for example, and this substantially independently of the length of the radius of curvature of the construction produced by means of these blocks.

Par ailleurs, les branches 14 et 15 de la fourche 2 présentent sensiblement la même longueur. Ceci facilite entr'autres la réalisation des moules pour la fabrication de ces blocs.Furthermore, the branches 14 and 15 of the fork 2 have substantially the same length. This facilitates among others the production of molds for the manufacture of these blocks.

Etant donné que les blocs montrés aux figures sont des blocs de coffrage, ceux-ci présentent chacun un creux 16 s'étendant sur toute la hauteur du bloc 1.Since the blocks shown in the figures are formwork blocks, these each have a recess 16 extending over the entire height of the block 1.

Ce creux a la forme d'un parallélépipède rectangulaire dont les coins dirigés vers le dos 3 du bloc présentent des renforcements 17.This hollow has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped whose corners directed towards the back 3 of the block have reinforcements 17.

Pour obtenir un remplissage contrôlé et sensiblement uniforme des creux de blocs superposés sous forme d'un mur et éviter autant que possible que deux parois transversales se superposent, la longueur de la fourche 2 est avantageusement différente de celle de la moitié du bloc 1.To obtain a controlled and substantially uniform filling of the hollows of blocks superimposed in the form of a wall and to avoid as much as possible two transverse walls overlapping, the length of the fork 2 is advantageously different from that of half of the block 1.

Comme dans la forme de réalisation montrée aux figures, la longueur de la fourche est de préférence inférieure à la longueur de la moitié du bloc et correspond par exemple au tiers de la longueur du bloc.As in the embodiment shown in the figures, the length of the fork is preferably less than the length of half the block and corresponds, for example, to one third of the length of the block.

Afin d'améliorer quelque peu l'aspect arrondi d'un mur formé par ces blocs 1, au moins une des faces latérales extérieures de ces blocs a une allure convexe ou concave.In order to somewhat improve the rounded appearance of a wall formed by these blocks 1, at least one of the external lateral faces of these blocks has a convex or concave appearance.

Ainsi, la face latérale extérieure 18 opposée à la face latérale extérieure opposée 19, orientée vers le centre de courbure du mur, est convexe.Thus, the external lateral face 18 opposite the opposite external lateral face 19, oriented towards the center of curvature of the wall, is convex.

La coupe de ces deux faces latérales 18 et 19 suivant un plan parralèle à la base du bloc sont de préférence sensiblement identiques afin de faciliter la réalisation des moules.The section of these two lateral faces 18 and 19 along a plane parallel to the base of the block are preferably substantially identical in order to facilitate the production of the molds.

En effet, dans le moule la paroi de séparation latérale entre deux blocs peut simplement être constituée par une tôle pliée.In fact, in the mold, the lateral partition wall between two blocks can simply consist of a folded sheet.

Ces formes convexe et concave peuvent présenter ainsi une allure polygonale.These convex and concave shapes can thus have a polygonal shape.

Plus particulièrement, dans la forme de réalisation montrée aux figures, les deux faces latérales extrérieures 18 et 19 présentent une coupe transversale suivant un plan parralèle à la base du bloc ayant la forme d'une ligne brisée composée de deux segments droits qui se coupent sensiblement au milieu de ses faces, comme indiqué par la référence 20.More particularly, in the embodiment shown in the figures, the two outer lateral faces 18 and 19 have a cross section along a plane parallel to the base of the block having the form of a broken line composed of two straight segments which substantially intersect in the middle of its faces, as indicated by the reference 20.

Dans une autre forme de réalisation de l'invention ces faces pourraient présenter une allure courbée.In another embodiment of the invention these faces could have a curved appearance.

En fait, en pratique l'endroit 20 où les deux segments de droite se coupent n'est pas constitué par un point, mais plutôt par un arc qui est donc obtenu par une tôle pliée formant la séparation entre deux blocs dans un même moule, comme déjà indiqué ci-dessus.In fact, in practice the place 20 where the two straight segments intersect is not constituted by a point, but rather by an arc which is therefore obtained by a folded sheet forming the separation between two blocks in the same mold, as already indicated above.

Comme il résulte clairement des figures, dans la forme de réalisation représentée, le logement 6 le moins profond est situé du côté de la face latérale extérieure convexe 18.As is clear from the figures, in the embodiment shown, the shallowest housing 6 is located on the side of the convex external lateral face 18.

Afin de permettre une pose correcte des barres d'armature, au cas ou ceux-ci s'avèrent nécessaires, des encoches 23 sont prévues dans le bord supérieur des parois transversales 21 et 22. Ces encoches 23 sont destinées à recevoir les barres d'armature horizontales 24.In order to allow correct fitting of the reinforcing bars, if these prove necessary, notches 23 are provided in the upper edge of the transverse walls 21 and 22. These notches 23 are intended to receive the bars of horizontal reinforcement 24.

Ces encoches sont suffisamment profondes pour permettre un enrobage suffisant par le liant coulé dans les creux 16 des blocs.These notches are deep enough to allow sufficient coating by the binder poured into the recesses 16 of the blocks.

Par ailleurs, des barres d'armature verticales 25 peuvent ainsi être maintenues en place en les fixant par exemple à des endroits réguliers aux barres horizontales immobilisées dans les encoches 23.Furthermore, vertical reinforcing bars 25 can thus be held in place by fixing them, for example, at regular places to the horizontal bars immobilized in the notches 23.

La construction réalisée suivant l'invention au moyen de ces blocs consiste à poser les blocs suivant une ligne courbe 26 dans le prolongement les uns des autres, de manière à ce que les extrémités libres 8 et 9 des fourches 2 d'un bloc 1a s'engagent dans les logements 6 et 7 du bloc adjacent 1 b.The construction carried out according to the invention by means of these blocks consists in placing the blocks along a curved line 26 in line with each other, so that the free ends 8 and 9 of the forks 2 of a block 1a s 'engage in the housing 6 and 7 of the adjacent block 1 b.

Le logement le plus profond 7 se situe du côté de la face latérale 19 dirigée vers le centre de courbure, non représenté, de la ligne 26.The deepest housing 7 is located on the side of the lateral face 19 directed towards the center of curvature, not shown, of the line 26.

Avantageusement, les fourches des différents blocs, par exemple 1 a, 1 b et 1 c sont orientés dans le même sens, comme indiqué par la flèche 27.Advantageously, the forks of the different blocks, for example 1 a, 1 b and 1 c are oriented in the same direction, as indicated by arrow 27.

L'emboîtement des fourches 2 avec les logements correspondants 6 et 7 d'un bloc adjacent est réglable en fonction du rayon de courbure désiré de la ligne 26.The fitting of the forks 2 with the corresponding housings 6 and 7 of an adjacent block is adjustable as a function of the desired radius of curvature of the line 26.

Il faut toutefois veiller à assurer l'étanchéité entre deux blocs consécutifs lors de leur remplissage par un liant, tel que du béton.However, care must be taken to seal between two consecutive blocks when they are filled with a binder, such as concrete.

Suivant une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention l'extrémité libre 8 de la branche 14 de la fourche 2 située du côté de la face latérale 18 opposée à celle dirigée vers le centre de courbure de la ligne 26 est engagée jusqu'au fond dans le longe- , ment 4, tandis que l'extrémité libre 9 de l'autre branche 15 s'engage dans le logement 6 sur une profondeur qui est fonction de la longueur désirée du rayon de courbure de la ligne 26.According to a particular embodiment of the invention the free end 8 of the branch 14 of the fork 2 located on the side of the side face 18 opposite to that directed towards the center of curvature of the line 26 is engaged to the bottom in the length 4, while the free end 9 of the other branch 15 engages in the housing 6 over a depth which is a function of the desired length of the radius of curvature of the line 26.

Ainsi, la figure 1 montre une construction où les deux extrémités libres 8 et 9 de la fourche sont engagées jusqu'au fond dans les logements correspondants 6 et 7 du bloc adjacent, de sorte que le rayon de courbure présente une longueur minimum.Thus, Figure 1 shows a construction where the two free ends 8 and 9 of the fork are engaged to the bottom in the corresponding housings 6 and 7 of the adjacent block, so that the radius of curvature has a minimum length.

Par contre, la figure 2 montre ces mêmes blocs mais disposés suivant une ligne 26 ayant un plus grand rayon de courbure, de sorte que seulement l'extrémité 8 de la branche 14 de la fourche 2 est engagée jusqu'au fond dans son logement correspondant 6, alors que l'extrémité libre 9 de l'autre branche 15 se situe à une certaine distance du fond de son logement 7.By cons, Figure 2 shows these same blocks but arranged along a line 26 having a greater radius of curvature, so that only the end 8 of the branch 14 of the fork 2 is engaged to the bottom in its corresponding housing 6, while the free end 9 of the other branch 15 is located at a certain distance from the bottom of its housing 7.

Une légère fente 28 est ainsi ménagée du côté des faces latérales 18 des blocs qui, si nécessaire, peut être remplie par du mortier, par exemple lors de la finition du mur courbe réalisé au moyen de ces blocs.A slight slot 28 is thus provided on the side of the lateral faces 18 of the blocks which, if necessary, can be filled with mortar, for example during the finishing of the curved wall produced by means of these blocks.

Généralement, contrairement à ce qui est le cas pour les faces latérales extérieures 18 et 19, les surfaces intérieures 29 et 30 délimitant le creux 16 des blocs 1 sont entièrement planes et parallèles entre elles, ce qui facilite également la réalisation des moules et ne présente bien entendu aucun inconvénient lors de la pose des blocs.Generally, contrary to what is the case for the external lateral faces 18 and 19, the internal surfaces 29 and 30 delimiting the hollow 16 of the blocks 1 are entirely flat and parallel to each other, which also facilitates the production of the molds and does not have of course no drawbacks when laying the blocks.

Au contraire, ces faces droites 29 et 30 facilitent le calibrage des blocs, qui peut par exemple consister à déposer, soit des petits tas de ciment sec, soit des trainées de ciment sec sur les bords supérieurs des parois latérales des blocs délimitées d'une part, par les faces 18 et 29 et, d'autre part, par les faces 19 et 30 des blocs au moment où ces blocs sortent de la presse et sont encore mouillées. Ce ciment est ensuite applati à la hauteur calibrée des blocs.On the contrary, these straight faces 29 and 30 facilitate the calibration of the blocks, which can for example consist in depositing either small heaps of dry cement or streaks of dry cement on the upper edges of the side walls of the blocks delimited by go, by the faces 18 and 29 and, on the other hand, by the faces 19 and 30 of the blocks when these blocks leave the press and are still wet. This cement is then flattened to the calibrated height of the blocks.

Il s'agit en fait d'un procédé de calibrage connu en soi qui a d'ailleurs fait l'objet du dépôt de plusieurs demandes de brevet au nom du titulaire de la présente demande de brevet.It is in fact a calibration process known per se which has moreover been the subject of the filing of several patent applications in the name of the holder of this patent application.

Il est bien entendu que l'invention n'est pas limitée aux formes de réalisation décrites ci-dessus et que bien des variantes peuvent être envisagées sans sortir du cade du présent brevet, dont la portée est déterminée par la teneur des revendications.It is understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and that many variants can be envisaged without departing from the scope of this patent, the scope of which is determined by the content of the claims.

C'est ainsi que le dos 10 des blocs pourrait être constitué par des nervures, plutôt que par une saillie plane, sensiblement continue parallèle au plan 11 passant par les extrémités 8 et 9 de la fourche 2.Thus the back 10 of the blocks could be constituted by ribs, rather than by a planar, substantially continuous projection parallel to the plane 11 passing through the ends 8 and 9 of the fork 2.

Par ailleurs, en cas de besoin, par exemple pour la réalisation de constructions ayant un diamètre relativement réduit, il pourrait s'avérer utile d'utiliser des blocs 1 dont la fourche 2 préssente une branche 15 de longueur inférieur à celle de l'autre branche 14 du même bloc.Furthermore, if necessary, for example for the construction of constructions having a relatively small diameter, it could prove useful to use blocks 1 whose fork 2 has a branch 15 of length shorter than that of the other branch 14 of the same block.

Il est également possible, suivant l'invention, de faire usage de blocs de forme en U, par exemple combinés ou non avec des blocs tels que décrits ci-dessus et montrés dans les dessins annexés.It is also possible, according to the invention, to make use of U-shaped blocks, for example combined or not with blocks as described above and shown in the accompanying drawings.

Claims (13)

1. A structural building block, having at one of its ends a fork (2) comprising two branches (14) and (15) constituting extensions of the side walls (18) and (19) of the block, and at its opposite end (3) a face (10) which is substantially parallel to the plane (11) intersecting the free ends (8) and (9) of the fork (2), with, adjacent to the lateral edges (4) and (5) of the said opposite end (3), recesses (6) and (7) which are so shaped that the free ends (8) and (9) of the fork (2) of an adjacent block of substantially the same type can engage therein, characterised in that the distance from the base of the recess (6) to the face (10) of the said opposite end (3) is different from that of the other recess (7).
2. A block according to Claim 1, characterised in that the face (12) of the more shallow recess (6) against which the corresponding end (8) of the fork (2) is engaged, is inclined in such a way as to form an acute angle with the longitudinal plane (13) which bisects the fork (2).
3. A block according to one or other of Claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the branches of the fork (2) are of substantially the same length.
4. A block according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the length of the fork (2) is different from half the length of the block (1).
5. A block according to Claim 4, characterised in that the length of the fork (2) is less than half the length of the block (1).
6. A block according to Claim 5, characterised in that the length of the fork (2) is of the order of one third of that of the block (1).
7. A block according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that at least one of the outer side faces (18) of the block (1) has a convex or concave form.
8. A block according to Claim 7, characterised in that at least one of the faces (18) has a polygonal form.
9. A block according to Claim 8, characterised in that at least one of the outer side faces (18) of the block (1) has a transverse cross section, in a plane parallel to its base, having the form of a broken line comprising two straight segments which are joined substantially to the middle of the said face at an obtuse angle which is preferably greater than 170 degrees.
10. A block according to one or other of Claims 8 and 9, characterised in that the side face (18) of the block (1) situated on the side of the latter having the shallower recess (6) is convex.
11. A block according to any one of Claims 8 to 10, characterised in that one of the side faces (18) is convex, the other one (19) being concave, the transverse cross sections of the two side faces in a plane parallel to the base of the block being substantially identical.
12. A building structure constructed with blocks in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that it includes blocks (1) laid in a substantially curved line (26) in end to end relationship, in such a way that the free ends (8) and (9) of the fork (2) of a predetermined block (1) engage in the corresponding recess (6) and (7) of the adjacent block, with the deeper one (7) of the recesses lying on the side (19) of the blocks which is directed towards the centre of curvature of the above-mentioned line (26).
13. A structure according to Claim 12, characterised in that the free end (8) of the branch (14) of the fork (2) situated on the side (18) of the block opposite to that which is directed towards the centre of curvature of the said line (26) penetrates into the corresponding recess (6) of the adjacent block substantially as far as the base, with the other branch (15) penetrating into the other recess (7) of the said adjacent block over a distance which is variable according to the radius of curvature of the said lines (26).
EP87200151A 1986-02-07 1987-02-02 Building block and construction made by the use thereof Expired - Lifetime EP0231978B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87200151T ATE59074T1 (en) 1986-02-07 1987-02-02 BUILDING BLOCK AND CONSTRUCTION MADE WITH THE BLOCK.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE0/216244A BE904200A (en) 1986-02-07 1986-02-07 CONSTRUCTION BLOCK AND CONSTRUCTION MADE BY MEANS OF THIS BLOCK.
BE216244 1986-02-07

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0231978A2 EP0231978A2 (en) 1987-08-12
EP0231978A3 EP0231978A3 (en) 1987-12-23
EP0231978B1 true EP0231978B1 (en) 1990-12-12

Family

ID=3844003

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87200151A Expired - Lifetime EP0231978B1 (en) 1986-02-07 1987-02-02 Building block and construction made by the use thereof

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US4769961A (en)
EP (1) EP0231978B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE59074T1 (en)
BE (1) BE904200A (en)
DE (1) DE3766622D1 (en)

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FR2681359B1 (en) * 1991-09-16 1998-10-16 Biallais Carrieres BUILDING BLOCK.
US5410848A (en) * 1991-11-21 1995-05-02 The Burns & Russell Company Composite for turning a corner or forming a column, mold and method for producing glazed unit for such
AU688574B2 (en) * 1993-08-13 1998-03-12 Michelle Ann Wirkus Improvements to brick walls
US6141933A (en) * 1994-02-25 2000-11-07 Mcclinton; John L Curvilinear masonry building unit, method of applying a glaze composition thereto, a wall corner, a wall corner composite, a column composite or portion thereof, and a mold for applying glaze composition to a curvilinear masonry building unit
US5465541A (en) * 1994-03-09 1995-11-14 Lin; Yi-Chung Building construction of longitudinal and cross hollow components
JP3367757B2 (en) * 1994-06-20 2003-01-20 三菱重工業株式会社 Thermal insulation structure of low-temperature cargo tank
US5802796A (en) * 1995-04-04 1998-09-08 Mcclinton; John L. Curvilinear masonry building unit having a glaze composition and uses thereof
US5655345A (en) * 1995-09-18 1997-08-12 Thompson; Earl G. Curved wall glass block assembly
US6629393B2 (en) 2001-08-13 2003-10-07 James J. Pignataro Masonry reinforcing tie
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EP1767729A1 (en) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-28 Sika Technology AG Tower structure
US7971407B2 (en) * 2007-05-21 2011-07-05 Keystone Retaining Wall Systems, Inc. Wall block and wall block system for constructing walls
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US9926703B1 (en) 2010-10-15 2018-03-27 Constructive, Llc Prefabricated masonry wall panels
US20130205688A1 (en) * 2010-10-15 2013-08-15 Constructive, L.L.C. Prefabricated compound masonry units
US9932737B1 (en) 2010-10-15 2018-04-03 Constructive , Llc Prefabricated masonry lintels
BR102014013436A2 (en) * 2014-06-03 2016-05-31 Manolo Maciel Machado construction system based on recycled slabs
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US11326342B1 (en) * 2020-12-02 2022-05-10 Brian Moody Embedded interlocking cross member blocks

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0231978A3 (en) 1987-12-23
EP0231978A2 (en) 1987-08-12
DE3766622D1 (en) 1991-01-24
US4769961A (en) 1988-09-13
BE904200A (en) 1986-05-29
ATE59074T1 (en) 1990-12-15

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