EP0231304B1 - Securing of rails with a spring clamp - Google Patents

Abstract

Rails are fixed by a W-shaped steel spring clamp (9) made from bar steel, in which the central part passes round the shank of a square-headed bolt (11) anchored in a slot (10a, 10b) in the ribs (3a, 3b) of the sole plate (3); the free and closely-located ends (9a) of the clamp (9) exert a pressure on the rail foot (1a, 1b) and the pressure arms (9c) of the clamp (9) opposite the rail foot (1a, 1b) press on the outer side of the ribs (3a, 3b) of the sole plate. To enable pre-assembly, the free ends (9a') of the clamp (9') rest, in the pre-assembly position, on the upper surface of the ribs (3a, 3b) of the sole plate (3) in such a way that they provide a tight closure with the lower edge of the ribs and the two clamps of a support point form a rail-guide with their two free ends. In the assembly position, the free ends (9a) of the clamp (9) press on the rail foot (1a, 1b), by means of the square-headed bolt (11). The middle part (9e) is then located slightly above (a) the rail foot (1a, 1b) and the pressure arms (9c) opposite the rail foot rest on the outer side of the ribs (3a, 3b) and press on the sole-plate (3).

Description

The invention relates to a rail fastening that can be preassembled on sleepers by means of a ribbed plate and sleeper screw by means of an elastic tension clamp made of steel bar in the form of a W, the middle part of which wraps around the shaft of the hook screw anchored in a groove of the rib of the ribbed plate, the opposing free ends of the tension clamp in the installed position press the rail foot and the middle part comes to lie at a small distance above the rail foot and the bracket parts of the tension clamp facing away from the rail foot are supported on the outer flank of the rib of the rib plate.

In a known rail fastening described in DE-PS 1 261 151, the base plate lies on the threshold with its guide ribs which are pulled up laterally next to the rail. The rail is fastened by means of the sleeper screw, which presses with the screw head plate onto the elastic clamp made of steel bar. The bent ends of the clamp press on the rail foot, while the inversions of the clamp are supported against rotation on the base plate against its outer strips. The middle part of the clamp is arched up under the screw head and wraps around the screw shaft. When the screw is tightened, the middle part of the clamp is depressed and its middle section, which comes to rest on the rib of the base plate, limits the span of travel. This prevents the clamp from being overstressed and the base plate is screwed onto the threshold sufficiently.

In contrast to the previously described construction according to DE-PS 12 61 151, the rail fastening according to DE-PS 19 54 008 (see preamble of claim 1) does not limit its span of travel on the rib of the ribbed plate, but rather the middle part of the tension clamp extends into the area of the rail foot itself, where it lies either in the mounting position on the rail foot or at the free ends of the tension clamp or is located close to the same, so that the central part forms a direct or indirect hard-spring limit for lifting movements of the rail foot there. This ensures that the bow-shaped clamp depresses the rail on the one hand with parts of the clamp over a long spring travel in its mounting position and on the other hand either by supporting these clamping parts against another hard resilient part of the clamp or by jointly engaging one or the other clamping part on the Counteracted surface of the rail foot increased lifting forces of the rail and any tilting movement of the rail over a short spring travel with increased holding force. (see DE-PS 19 54 008, column 1, lines 45-56).

The rail fastenings described meet the requirements of modern railway operations in their operating position (assembly position), d. H. the rail fastening is suitable for ensuring that the rail foot is securely fastened to the wooden sleeper, even at high speeds and with increased axle loads. As is known, the rails are moved more strongly in the vertical direction due to the increased axle loads, although lifting of the rail foot can occur despite the tensioning forces of the bow-shaped clamps acting on the rail foot. Even when cornering, there are increased stresses on the rail due to horizontal force components that try to cause the rail to tilt.

In order to ensure an even more even contact pressure of the spring clamp on the rail foot even over long spring travel, a rail fastening with an elastic clamp made of steel bar in the form of a W has already been created, in which the inversions of the clamp facing away from the rail foot no longer lie on the ribbed plate support, but free-floating approximately at the height of the surface of the rib of the rib plate. Such a rail attachment is shown in DE-PS 33 34 119 (Vossloh). The slim shape of the tension clamp according to this construction also allows pre-assembly that is advantageous for track construction. However, the anti-rotation lock required for assembly is no longer provided. In the first-mentioned construction according to DE-PS 1 261 151, such an anti-rotation device is only achieved by supporting the reversals on special strips arranged on the ribbed plates.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a rail fastening of the type mentioned at the outset with a non-rotatable pre-mountable tensioning clamp with rear support for use on ribbed plates. According to the invention, this aim is achieved with a rail fastening according to the preamble of claim 1, which is characterized by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1. Appropriate developments of such a rail fastening result from the subclaims.

This new rail fastening is characterized by a more stable position of the bond between the hook screw and the preassembled tension clamp against lateral impact forces acting on the tension screw, i.e. against forces acting in the longitudinal axis of the sleeper, as is often the case, for example, when loading, unloading or when laying on the web body or when inserting the rail during track construction. So z. B. with the tension clamp according to PS 33 34 119 (Alpha ₁₄₀₀ ) cannot be avoided by the inclined position of the threaded bolt (hook screw) this jumps back into the vertical position or that the diagonally clamped clamping clamp falls down from this unstable position due to even a slight vibration and thus prevents the rail from being inserted. The more stable position with the new tension clamp is achieved in that the hook screw is pushed back vertically into the mushroom cut in the ribbed plate into the pre-assembly position.

Due to the special design of the free spring arms of the new tension clamp, which end in the preassembly position with the inside edge of the ribs, the two tension clamps opposite on the threshold with their two free arms each facilitate the insertion of the rails. Rail threading is simplified so much compared to all previous methods that work such as the notification of sleepers is no longer necessary.

In the present application, the tension clamp with the hook screw is brought into the screwed position by a hammer blow in the direction of the rail web and then braced. Nothing has to be removed, turned or plugged in again.

The anti-rotation device is provided by the rear support of the tension clamp on the rib plate directly on the outer flank of the rib and additionally by the free ends of the tension clamp on the inner flank of the rib. This ensures that during the transition from the pre-assembly - in the assembly position, d. H. when tightening the nut of the hook screw, the tension clamp does not turn in the direction of rotation and can therefore take an unfavorable position on the rail foot.

• Fig. 1 Einen Querschnitt durch ein Schienenprofil, bei welchem die linke Seite die Schienenbefestigung in Montagestellung (verspannte Stellung) im Gleisaußenraum und die rechte Seite die Schienenbefestigung in Vormontagestellung im Gleisinnenraum im Schnitt darstellt ;
• Fig. 2 die Draufsicht auf die Schienenbefestigung gemäß Fig. 1, d. h. die linke Seite von Fig. 2 in Montagestellung und die rechte Seite in Vormontagestellung ;
• Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf die Spannklemme der erfindungsgemäßen Schienenbefestigung ;
• Fig. 4 eine Seitenansicht der Spannklemme von der Schiene her gesehen ;
• Fig. 5 einen Schnitt nach der Linie V-V in Fig. 4;
• Fig. 6 eine perspektivische Ansicht der Spannklemme.

Further details of the rail fastening according to the invention emerge from the drawing. The drawing shows:

• Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a rail profile, in which the left side represents the rail fastening in the assembly position (tensioned position) in the track exterior and the right side shows the rail fastening in the pre-assembly position in the track interior in section;
• FIG. 2 shows the top view of the rail fastening according to FIG. 1, ie the left side of FIG. 2 in the assembly position and the right side in the pre-assembly position;
• 3 shows a plan view of the tensioning clamp of the rail fastening according to the invention;
• Figure 4 is a side view of the tension clamp seen from the rail.
• 5 shows a section along the line VV in Fig. 4.
• Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the tension clamp.

In Fig. 1, the rail fastening according to the invention is shown in view on the left half and in section on the right half. The left side shows the track exterior in the assembly position and the right side shows the track interior in the pre-assembly position, with the tensioning clamp lying outside the outer edge of the rail foot 1b 6.

Figures 1 and 2 show the new rail fastening on wooden sleepers. The rail 1 is fastened to a wooden sleeper 4 by means of an elastic intermediate layer 2 between the ribs 3a and 3b of the ribbed plate 3. The rib plate 3 is fastened to the wooden sleeper 4 with four sleeper screws 5, which clamp the ribbed plate 3 onto the wooden sleeper 4 by means of high-tension spring washers 6.

The inclined position of the axis of symmetry 7 of the rail 1, z. B. 1:40, is achieved by appropriate inclination of the surface of the rib plate between the ribs. In order not to make the ribbed plate 3 too heavy, a small step 8 is provided in the outside area in a known manner.

In the installed position, the rail 1 is held down non-positively between the ribs 3a, 3b of the ribbed plate 3 in the region of the rail foot 1a, 1 on both sides by means of the tensioning clamps 9. The tensioning clamp 9 is shown on the left-hand side of FIGS. 1 and 2 in the assembly position, the free ends 9a to be pressed towards one another pressing on the rail foot 1a, while the middle part 9e in the installation position lies at a small distance a above the rail foot 1a. The tension clamps are tightened by means of the hook screws 11 anchored in the grooves 10a, 10b of the ribs 3a, 3b with nuts 12 and washers 13.

To simplify and reduce the cost of the track assembly, the ribbed plate 3 with the tensioning clamps 9 is already pre-assembled on the sleeper 4 in the position 9 'in the sleeper unit. The ribbed plate 3 is tightened on the sleeper 4 by means of the sleeper screws 5 and the tensioning clamp 9 is positioned in the position 9 'by means of the hook screw 11 of the nut 12 and the washer 13. It can be seen that the tensioning clamp 9 'is so inclined in this position that the free arms 9a rest on the rib 3b and the central part 9e in the untensioned state lie above and outside the free space of the rail.

In this position, the insertion of the rail 1 between the two ribs 3a, 3b is not hindered. The support legs 9c of the tensioning clamp 9 facing away from the rail 1 are bent outwards and are somewhat concave in the plan view, which can be seen particularly well from FIG. The parts of the tension clamp 9 that wrap around the shaft of the hook screw 11, namely its central part 9e and the two lateral legs 9d, which have corresponding flats 14 in their parts that come into engagement with the washer 13, are also somewhat inclined in the preassembly position, the Hook screw slightly offset to the side and is only slightly tightened so that the tension clamp is just sufficiently fixed in the preassembly position 9 '.

As can be seen from the views of Figures 3 and 4, the middle part 9e-9d of the tension clamp 9 is bent so far that the legs 9d run up to a distance 15, which is less than the diameter of the shaft of the hook screw 11. After the In the area of the closest approach of the two legs at the distance 15, they again move away from each other symmetrically to the center line VV, in order to then run downwards and merge into the support legs 9c, which run approximately parallel to the rail, but are then bent upwards again and into the outer wings 9b pass over, which finally open into the free ends 9a bent against the rail foot. The free ends 9a run approximately parallel to the legs 9c and to the rail foot.

The somewhat complicated spatial shape of the new tension clamp can be seen particularly well when looking at FIGS. 3 and 4. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the ends 9a are shaped in such a way that when the tension clamp is pressed together they do not adhere to the head loop 9e, 9d in Come into contact. The spatial shape of the tensioning clamp 9 can be seen even better from the perspective illustration according to FIG. 6.

The shape of the tension clamp 9 also ensures that it cannot rotate when the hook screw 11 is tightened in the direction of rotation of the nut, because during tensioning and in the mounting position, the outer support legs 9c and the free ends 9a are each on the outer flank or inner flank of the Support the ribs 3a, 3b of the ribbed plate 3.

The middle part 9e of the tensioning clamp is brought into the tensioning position by means of the hook screw 11 in such a way that it does not touch the rail foot 1a, 1b, but remains at a distance a. This ensures a soft spring characteristic. This is achieved in that the nut 12 on assembly with the appropriate tool. the hook screw 11 is only tightened to such an extent that a small distance a remains between the middle part 9e and the rail foot 1 a or 1 b. This distance ensures that the relatively hard spring characteristic of the middle part 9e of the tensioning clamp 9 only comes into effect when the rail foot is lifted over the distance a, namely when the soft resilient ends 9a are raised to the height of the middle part 9e.

The pre-assembly position and the assembly position are characterized in that the surface of the ribs 3a, 3b of the fin plate does not come into contact with the different parts of the tension clamp 9. This surface of the ribs serves only as a support for the free ends 9a in the pre-assembly position 9 'of the tension clamp . When mounting, the correct positioning of the tension clamp is ensured by the outer and inner flanks of the ribs 3a, 3b of the ribbed plate 3.

The flats 14 get out of their assembly. on the right side of Fig. 1 inclined position in the horizontal position under the washer 13. To accomplish the assembly, it is sufficient to push the hook screw 11 in the groove 10 slightly inward and tighten the nut 12 until the middle part 9e is brought into the mounting position at a distance a above the rail foot 1a, 1b. As already mentioned, the outwardly concave shape of the support legs 9c of the tensioning clamp 9, which can be seen particularly well from FIG. 3 and from the right-hand area of FIG. 2, allows it to be used particularly advantageously for the preassembly of the rail fastening according to the invention.

Claims (6)

1. Rail fastener pre-mountable on sleepers (4) by means of a ribbed plate (3) and a rail bolt with a resilient clamp (9) of steel rod in the form of a W, whose middle part embraces the shaft of the clip bolt (11) anchored in a groove (10a, 10b) of the rib (3a, 3b) of the ribbed plate (3), the opposed free ends (9a) of the clamp (9) in the mounted position pressing via the clip bolt (11) on the base of the rail (1a, 1 b) and the middle part (9e) coming to lie a small distance (a) above the base of the rail (1 a, 1 b), and the supporting legs (9c) of the clamp (9), which face away from the base of the rail (1a, 1b), abutting the outer flank of the rib (3a, 3b) of the ribbed plate (3), characterised in that the free ends (9a) of the clamp (9) in the pre-mounted condition rest on the surface of the ribs (3a, 3b) of the ribbed plate (3) in such a manner that the free spring arms (9a') do not hinder installation of the rail, the two clamps (9') of a rail support point forming, with their free arms (9a'), a rail insertion guide and in that to achieve torsional security of the clamp in the mounted position additionally the free ends (9a) of the clamp (9) lie against the inner flank of the ribs (3a, 3b) directly on the outer edge of the ribs (3a, 3b), next to the rear support of the clamp (9) on the ribbed plate (3).

2. Rail fastener according to claim 1, characterised in that in the pre-mounted position of the clamp the clip bolt is outwardly offset and stands upright in a semi-circular cut-out of the ribs (3a, 3b).

3. Rail fastener according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the side limbs (9d) and the outer wing (9b) of the clamp (9) are so formed that the clamp, in its mounted position, does not contact the surface of the ribs (3a, 3b) of the ribbed plate (3).

4. Rail fastener according to any one of claims 1-3, characterised in that the rear support limbs (9c) are so formed that, in the pre-mounted condition of the clamp (9'), the rail screws (5) are partly embraced.

5. Rail fastener according to any one of claims 1-4, characterised in that the head loop which embraces the clip bolt (11 ) formed of a central part (9e) and side legs (9d) has flattened surfaces for cooperation with the washer (13), and/or the nut (12).

6. Rail fastener according to claim 5, characterised in that the side legs (9d), after forming the head loop for receiving the shaft of the clip bolt (11), approach each other at a spacing which is smaller than the diameter of the clip bolt, so that the clamp (9), even when pre-mounted, is captively connected with the bolt (11 ).

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