EP0228961B1 - Druckgaszuführung in Luftgewehren - Google Patents

Druckgaszuführung in Luftgewehren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0228961B1
EP0228961B1 EP86402873A EP86402873A EP0228961B1 EP 0228961 B1 EP0228961 B1 EP 0228961B1 EP 86402873 A EP86402873 A EP 86402873A EP 86402873 A EP86402873 A EP 86402873A EP 0228961 B1 EP0228961 B1 EP 0228961B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
stop
chamber
gas
set forth
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86402873A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0228961A3 (en
EP0228961A2 (de
Inventor
Jean Lacam
René Pons
Pierre Simand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Original Assignee
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Direction General pour lArmement DGA filed Critical Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Priority to AT86402873T priority Critical patent/ATE48187T1/de
Publication of EP0228961A2 publication Critical patent/EP0228961A2/de
Publication of EP0228961A3 publication Critical patent/EP0228961A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0228961B1 publication Critical patent/EP0228961B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
    • F41B11/60—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas
    • F41B11/62—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns characterised by the supply of compressed gas with pressure supplied by a gas cartridge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F41B11/00—Compressed-gas guns, e.g. air guns; Steam guns
    • F41B11/70—Details not provided for in F41B11/50 or F41B11/60
    • F41B11/72—Valves; Arrangement of valves
    • F41B11/721—Valves; Arrangement of valves for controlling gas pressure for both firing the projectile and for loading or feeding

Definitions

  • the technical sector of the present invention is that of devices for firing various projectiles using compressed gas.
  • valves or shutters
  • a percussion hammer to deliver a fraction of compressed gas necessary when a projectile is launched.
  • a spring is used which returns the valve to its original position to seal the circuit.
  • This spring must be calibrated to take account of gas pressure and it is difficult to obtain an almost constant fraction of gas, to avoid too great a dispersion during firing. The use of this spring therefore imposes certain constraints and moreover in the event of rupture requires the complete disassembly of the weapon or the device.
  • valve and its spring are removed and replaced by a valve consisting of a valve and a seal ensuring the tightness of the circuit.
  • the seal is movable in its housing and is compressed between two stops. This results in accelerated wear of this seal and consumption of compressed gas incompatible with the use of a standard reserve of compressed gas.
  • GB-A 607 444 describes, according to the preamble of claim 1, a device for supplying compressed gas to a weapon using a standard reserve of gas.
  • the device does not include an expansion member consisting of two chambers communicating with each other.
  • this patent mentions a gas pressure chamber and a valve receiving chamber. This valve is subjected to the permanent action of a spring. We see in the figures a free space at the valve and the communication holes; but it is a structure necessary to house the valve and its spring and allow the circulation of compressed air.
  • the patent FR-A 4 941 917 describes a compressed air weapon, supplied by a pipe from a compressor, which has no similarity with weapons comprising a conventional reserve of gas. Compressed air ensures the closing of a valve whose stem is subjected to the action of a spring to reinforce the action of air. There is no gas expansion chamber but a tank which is only an accessory of the compressor. The trigger acts directly on the valve to release a fraction of compressed air.
  • US Pat. No. 4,116,193 describes a compressed air weapon equipped with a reserve, with a valve, the closure of which is calibrated with a spring.
  • the structure described does not mention a chamber surrounding a spring.
  • Patent DE-B 1 067 338 describes a compressed air gun in which the reserve of compressed air is directly connected to a valve equipped with a seal whose variation in volume ensures the passage of a fraction of gas. An expansion chamber is provided, but this is beyond the valve and in direct communication with the barrel.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a supply device provided with a conventional valve comprising no return spring of the valve, and which can be used with a reserve of compressed gas.
  • the invention therefore relates to a device for supplying compressed gas to a weapon of the type comprising a gas reserve, a valve movable in a housing, a valve seat placed in this housing ensuring the maintenance and guiding of the valve stem, and an expansion member interposed between the gas reserve and the valve, characterized in that the expansion member consists of a first expansion chamber in communication with the gas reserve and a second communicating chamber with the valve housing, the chambers being separated by a calibrated orifice, the valve being freely movable between a first stop on which it is constantly applied by the pressure of the compressed gas and a second stop on which it is projected during percussion of the rod, the first stop and the second stop being constituted by the respective ends facing the seat and the second chamber.
  • the volume of the second chamber can be 5 to 7 times less than that of the first chamber.
  • the two chambers can be constituted by hollow cylindrical elements.
  • the cylinder constituting the second chamber can be engaged in the housing of the valve, its end constituting the stop of the valve so that the distance separating the seat and the stop defines the stroke of the valve.
  • the expansion member comprises a sleeve supporting a perforation needle of the gas reserve, said sleeve comprising an open cavity into which the needle opens and intended to receive the collar of the gas reserve.
  • a hollow seal with two lips is placed in the cavity of the sleeve, the first lip being applied to the bottom of the cavity and around the needle and the second being applied to the collar of the gas reserve.
  • An advantage of the present invention lies in the fact that the opening-closing cycle of the valve as a function of time has a square profile. Thus, the total opening and total closing of this valve are almost instantaneous.
  • the weapon can be used in a temperature range between -15 and +40 ° C, which is impossible with a valve equipped with a spring.
  • Another advantage lies in the simplification of the mounting of the valve since it is no longer necessary to provide two support points of the conventional spring, one on the valve itself, the other on a fixed point of the 'armed.
  • Another advantage lies in the fact that the fraction of compressed gas delivered is substantially constant during operation, which does not not modify the ballistics of the weapon.
  • FIGs 1 and 2 there is shown a partial section of a weapon as described in patent FR-A-2,547,038 comprising a body 1 receiving a launching cannon 2, into which the projectiles are introduced in a known manner using an introduction piston 3 beyond a conduit 4 for the arrival of the compressed gas.
  • the projectiles can be taken one by one from a store (not shown) inserted in a notch 5, and for more precision one can refer to the aforementioned French patent.
  • the weapon also includes a valve 6 sliding in a housing 7 of the body, the rod 8 of which is guided by the valve seat 9.
  • This seat is immobilized by the screw 10 and its tightness with respect to the housing 7 is ensured by means of the O-ring 11 placed, in the figure, to the right of the duct 4.
  • This seat also comprises a duct 12 extending the duct 4, opening into an axial bore 13. The seal between the valve and the seat is ensured by a seal placed in the valve body and the stop 14 which constitutes the seat.
  • the valve used is described in more detail below in relation to FIG. 3.
  • the compressed gas is taken from a standard gas reserve 16, such as for example a 12 g bottle of carbon dioxide compressed to 56.105 Pa at ordinary temperature.
  • This reserve is made integral with the weapon in a known manner.
  • valve 6 is actuated in a known manner, during the firing sequence, by a percussion hammer 29.
  • the operation is as follows.
  • the gas is expanded in the first expansion chamber 23 and then in the second 22.
  • the valve 6 is pressed against the stop 14 of the seat 9. L watertightness is ensured and the weapon is ready to operate.
  • the firing control is conventionally carried out by a trigger (not shown) which releases the percussion hammer 29 after introduction of a projectile into the barrel by the introduction piston 3.
  • FIG. 2 shows a phase of the firing after percussion of the rod 8 by the hammer 29.
  • the valve body is stopped by the stop 30 formed by the end of the part 18.
  • the distance separating the stops 14 and 30 defines the stroke of the valve.
  • the impact of the hammer 29 on the valve results in a rapid displacement of the valve, the extreme position of which is shown diagrammatically in FIG. 2.
  • the quantity of gas required passes from the chamber 22 through the openings formed in the body of the valve 6 (described below in relation to FIG. 3), the momentarily free space between the stop 14 and the valve 6, the bore 13, and finally the conduits 12 and 4.
  • the projectile 31 present in the chamber, is then propelled out of the barrel 2.
  • the return to the initial position of the valve 6 is obtained by the combination of two forces: on the one hand, the reaction forces arising from the impact of the valve on the stop 30 and on the other hand, the gas pressure exerted on the body of the valve which combine to instantaneously apply the valve to the stop 14.
  • the tests carried out show that the volume of the chamber 23 can be between 5 and 7 cm 3 , that of the chamber 22 being 5 to 7 times less.
  • the size of the hole orifice 24 can be between 3 and 5 mm.
  • the rod 8 has a shoulder and a cylindrical rear part.
  • the body 32 is provided with two cylindrical cheeks 33 and 34 separated by an annular rib 35.
  • the cylindrical cheek 33 has openings 36 intended for the passage of the compressed fluid.
  • the diameter of the cheek 33 corresponds to the internal diameter of the housing 7 in which the valve 6 is mounted as indicated above, so that this valve is mobile under the action of the compressed fluid acting on the front face of the cheek 33.
  • the cheek 34 is preferably of a diameter smaller than that of cheek 33.
  • the body 32 comprises a first conical bore extended by a second cylindrical bore and with a flat bottom.
  • the diameter of the second bore is provided so as to maintain and block the rear part of the rod, in order to secure the body and the rod by simple diametric tightening.
  • the first bore has a bottom provided with a convex annular bulge and receives an annular seal 37 comprising an axial bore.
  • the dimensions of the seal 37, the rear part of the rod 8 and the first bore are provided in such a way that, when the rod 8 is mounted in the body 32 of the valve, axial and longitudinal compression of the seal 37 is obtained , which causes a slight bulging of the free surface of the seal visible in this figure.
  • FIG. 3 also shows the housing 7 in which the valve is mounted, the seat 9 guiding the rod 8.
  • the external diameter of the cheek 33 is substantially equal to the internal diameter of the housing 7 so as to obtain a guiding the valve body 32 in this housing.
  • the valve is held by means of the rod 8 sliding in the seat 9 and the cheek 33 sliding in the housing 7.
  • the operation of a weapon equipped with this valve is semi-automatic without any borrowing of energy from the gas reserve 16, which reduced its performance.
  • the cheek 33 is provided with openings 36 made at its periphery, but it could also be replaced by calibrated holes made in the thickness of the cheek 33.
  • FIG 4 there is shown the opening opening cycle of a conventional valve equipped with a return spring. It is known that for reasons of rapid closure of the valve, the percussion hammer 29 has, when it comes into contact with the stem 8 of the valve, a low axial force.
  • the space-time opening curve has a sinusoidal profile and that the exit of the projectile occurs at the maximum of the curve.
  • the hatched part represents the volume of compressed gas lost which is not used in the propulsion of the projectile.
  • FIG. 5 the opening-closing cycle of the valve according to the invention has also been shown.
  • the valve 6 is not recalled by a spring in the closed position as is the case in all weapons of this type.
  • the shock in the open position by abutment on the face 30 located at a determined distance from the end of the stem 8 of the valve, causes the opening movement to stop and a reversal of direction.
  • the space-time opening curve has a square profile and that the opening and closing are almost instantaneous.
  • the hatched part representing the volume of compressed gas lost is this time much less. It follows that the efficiency is higher with regard to the time / volume ratio of gas released compared to a spring return valve.
  • This configuration of the sealing valve makes it possible to optimize the weapon to obtain the best speed performance of the projectile which characterizes the precision and the range of the weapon and its autonomy, that is to say the number of shots fired for a standard carbon dioxide reserve.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Vorrichtung zur Versorgung einer Waffe mit Druckgas, bestehend aus einem Gasbehälter (16), einem in einer Aufnahme (7) beweglichen Ventil (6), einem in dieser Aufnahme eingebauten Ventilsitz (9) zur Halterung und Führung des Ventilstössels (8) sowie aus einem zwischen dem Gasbehälter (16) und dem Ventil (6) angeordneten Entspannungsorgan (17), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Entspannungsorgan (17) aus einer ersten Entspannungskammer (23), die in Verbindung mit dem Gasbehälter (16) steht, sowie aus einer zweiten Kammer (22), die eine Verbindung mit der Aufnahme (7) des Ventils herstellt, besteht, wobei die beiden Kammern über eine kalibrierte Öffnung (24) verbunden sind, wobei sich das Ventil zwischen einem ersten Anschlag (14), gegen welchen es stetig unter Einwirkung des Gasdruckes gedrückt wird, und einem zweiten Anschlag (30), gegen welchen das Ventil beim Aufschlagen des Stössels (8) geschleudert wird, frei bewegt, und wobei der erste Anschlag (14) und der zweite Anschlag (30) dem Abschluß der Ventilkammer seitens des Sitzes (9) bzw. seitens der Entspannungskammer (22) entsprechen.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Volumen der ersten Entspannungskammer (22) kleiner ist als derjenige der zweiten Entspannungskammer (23).
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Entspannungskammern durch hohle zylindrische Elemente (18, 19) abgegrenzt sind.
4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zylinder (18), der die zweite Kammer (22) bildet, in der Aufnahme (7) des Ventils eindringt, wobei dessen Ende den Anschlag (30) des Ventils bildet, so daß der Abstand zwischen dem Anschlag (14) des Sitzes (9) und dem Anschlag (30) dem freien Bewegungsweg des Ventils entspricht.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kraft, die die Schliessung des Ventils bewirkt, einerseits aus der Rückwirkung des Ventilaufpralls gegen den Anschlag (30) und andererseits aus dem vom Gas geübten Druck entsteht.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Entspannungsorgan (17) eine Hülse (25) mit einer Nadel (26) zum Durchschlagen des Gasbehälterverschlusses aufweist, wobei die Hülse mit einer Aufnahme (27) versehen ist, in welcher die Nadel herausragt und die zum Einstecken des Behälterhalses vorgesehen ist.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Aufnahme (27) der Hülse (25) mit einer hohlen Dichtung (28) mit zwei Fugenranden bestückt ist, wobei der erste Fugenrand gegen den Boden der Aufnahme um die Nadel (26) gedrückt wird und der zweite Fugenrand die Abdichtung um den Hals des Gasbehälters (16) bewirkt.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen Anspruch 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Volumen der ersten Kammer (23) zwischen 5 und 7 cm3 beträgt, wobei der Volumen der zweiten Kammer (22) 5 bis 7 mal geringer ist.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem beliebigen Anspruch 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kaliber der Öffnung (24) zwischen 3 und 5 mm liegt.
EP86402873A 1985-12-27 1986-12-19 Druckgaszuführung in Luftgewehren Expired EP0228961B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86402873T ATE48187T1 (de) 1985-12-27 1986-12-19 Druckgaszufuehrung in luftgewehren.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8519282 1985-12-27
FR8519282A FR2592471B1 (fr) 1985-12-27 1985-12-27 Dispositif d'alimentation en gaz comprime pour armes.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0228961A2 EP0228961A2 (de) 1987-07-15
EP0228961A3 EP0228961A3 (en) 1987-09-30
EP0228961B1 true EP0228961B1 (de) 1989-11-23

Family

ID=9326230

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86402873A Expired EP0228961B1 (de) 1985-12-27 1986-12-19 Druckgaszuführung in Luftgewehren

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4819610A (de)
EP (1) EP0228961B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE48187T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3667099D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2592471B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2258913A (en) * 1991-05-17 1993-02-24 Stephen Robert Wilkins Valve for a pneumatic firearm
US5160795A (en) * 1991-07-29 1992-11-03 Crosman Corporation Gun with pivoting barrel, rotary ammunition cylinder, and double action firing mechanism
DE4208416A1 (de) * 1992-03-16 1993-09-23 Mayer Grammelspach Dianawerk Gasdruckwaffe
US5462042A (en) * 1993-10-29 1995-10-31 Greenwell; Andrew J. Semiautomatic paint ball gun
US5704342A (en) * 1995-05-25 1998-01-06 Thomas G. Kotsiopoulos Compressed gas gun with pressure control arrangement
US5913303A (en) * 1997-10-21 1999-06-22 Kotsiopoulos; Thomas G. Trigger mechanism for compressed gas powered weapons or the like
US6226915B1 (en) 1998-03-25 2001-05-08 Thomas G. Kotsiopoulos Forward angled grip for hand-held weapons and the like
US5993215A (en) * 1998-05-15 1999-11-30 Kotsiopoulos; Thomas G. Training weapon with trigger actuated indicator light
US6314954B1 (en) 2000-05-13 2001-11-13 Chu-Tou Wang Toy gun for firing paint bullets
TW486092U (en) * 2001-04-11 2002-05-01 Guo-Dong Liang Continuous fire mode mechanism of a paint-gun
US7237545B2 (en) * 2002-03-06 2007-07-03 Aj Acquisition I Llc Compressed gas-powered projectile accelerator
US7886731B2 (en) * 2002-03-06 2011-02-15 Kee Action Sports I Llc Compressed gas gun having reduced breakaway-friction and high pressure dynamic separable seal flow control device
US8413644B2 (en) 2002-03-06 2013-04-09 Kee Action Sports I Llc Compressed gas gun having reduced breakaway-friction and high pressure dynamic separable seal and flow control and valving device
JP4331166B2 (ja) * 2003-12-30 2009-09-16 ベネッティ、アルフレド スポーツ練習のためにボールを投球するための装置
US7913679B2 (en) * 2004-06-10 2011-03-29 Kee Action Sports I Llc Valve assembly for a compressed gas gun
US7624726B2 (en) * 2004-07-13 2009-12-01 Kee Action Sports I Llc Valve for compressed gas gun
US20070028909A1 (en) * 2004-12-15 2007-02-08 National Paintball Supply, Inc. Paintball marker with ball velocity control
WO2007139934A2 (en) * 2006-05-25 2007-12-06 Kee Action Sports I Llc Self-regulating valve assembly

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DE1067338B (de) *
US1506995A (en) * 1924-02-09 1924-09-02 Paul William Air shotgun
GB607444A (en) * 1946-02-04 1948-08-31 Leslie Wesley Improvements in or relating to pistols
FR941917A (fr) * 1947-02-17 1949-01-25 Distributeur d'air comprimé pour lancement d'un projectile dans un canon forain ou autre
US2525082A (en) * 1947-10-20 1950-10-10 Wilbur G Sherman Pneumatic bottle shooting gun
US2881752A (en) * 1954-10-11 1959-04-14 Carl E Blahnik Gas actuated guns
FR1113966A (fr) * 1954-11-05 1956-04-06 Fusil, revolver ou arme analogue à air comprimé
US2817328A (en) * 1956-02-10 1957-12-24 Fred H Gale Semi-automatic compressed fluid gun
GB1206448A (en) * 1966-10-14 1970-09-23 John Matthew Alderson Valve means for the control of fluid flow
US3572310A (en) * 1968-02-02 1971-03-23 Kensuke Chiba Compressed gas gun and valve therefor
US3548802A (en) * 1968-07-22 1970-12-22 Rudolph C Green Pellet firing mechanism and fluid valve therefor
US3756284A (en) * 1970-08-28 1973-09-04 Uop Instr Division Three-way, self-closing valve unit
JPS5282000A (en) * 1975-12-27 1977-07-08 Shiyaapu Raifuru Kk Gas or gas accumulated continuously shooting gun

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0228961A3 (en) 1987-09-30
FR2592471A1 (fr) 1987-07-03
EP0228961A2 (de) 1987-07-15
ATE48187T1 (de) 1989-12-15
FR2592471B1 (fr) 1989-10-13
DE3667099D1 (en) 1989-12-28
US4819610A (en) 1989-04-11

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