EP0048644B1 - Geschoss mit Leitflossen in Gestalt eines Pfeiles - Google Patents

Geschoss mit Leitflossen in Gestalt eines Pfeiles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0048644B1
EP0048644B1 EP81401324A EP81401324A EP0048644B1 EP 0048644 B1 EP0048644 B1 EP 0048644B1 EP 81401324 A EP81401324 A EP 81401324A EP 81401324 A EP81401324 A EP 81401324A EP 0048644 B1 EP0048644 B1 EP 0048644B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
sabot
ammunition
fins
cartridge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81401324A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0048644A1 (de
Inventor
Bernhard Bisping
Klaus Gersbach
Hans Werner Luther
Walter Simon
Peter Wallow
Patrick Montier
Pierre André Moreau
Jean Claude Sauvestres
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall GmbH
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall GmbH, Direction General pour lArmement DGA filed Critical Rheinmetall GmbH
Priority to AT81401324T priority Critical patent/ATE10135T1/de
Publication of EP0048644A1 publication Critical patent/EP0048644A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0048644B1 publication Critical patent/EP0048644B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/067—Mounting or locking missiles in cartridge cases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/061—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/061—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile
    • F42B14/062—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile characterised by contact surfaces between projectile and sabot
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S102/00—Ammunition and explosives
    • Y10S102/703—Flechette

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an anti-tank munition comprising a feathered arrow-type projectile and a launching shoe.
  • the projectile To fire this type of ammunition in good conditions, the projectile must be kept immobile in the barrel of the weapon until a determined threshold of the pressure of the propellant gases is reached, this threshold corresponding to the so-called pressure of forced. When this pressure is reached, the movement of the projectile begins.
  • This forcing pressure is one of the important parameters in internal ballistics conditioning on the one hand the regularity of the pressure couple of combustion gases-initial velocity of the projectile and on the other hand the constancy of the nozzle pressure of the tube. The regularity of this forcing pressure is necessary to obtain a minimum dispersion on the accuracy of the shot.
  • Patent FR 1 125503 shows a projectile in which the ammunition is guided directly by the tail of the arrow resting on the barrel of the weapon through slots in a sleeve while forcing is provided by a metal tube making the boom and its socket integral with storage (and until it is cut).
  • the forcing is carried out by the friction of the sealing and guide belts of the shoe in the tube.
  • the forcing pressure is reached when the forces generated by the pressure of the gases overcome the friction forces.
  • the crimping of the socket on the projectile can not be carried out in a very reproducible manner given that it is a question of achieving a permanent deformation of the socket, depending on the tool and the shade of metal constituting the socket .
  • the constancy of the forcing pressure depends on the one hand on the nature of the sealing system and, mainly on the surface conditions and dimensional tolerances relating to the belt-tube couple and on the other hand, the degree of wear of the barrel. While the dimensions are easily controllable, it is not the same with regard to the control of surface conditions which, to be of constant quality require special attention throughout their manufacture.
  • the present invention aims to provide an effective solution to the forcing problems, by eliminating the drawbacks of known techniques, so as to reduce the dispersions on the forcing pressure, and therefore considerably improving the ballistic precision of the shot by ensuring the regularity of the couple pressure of the combustion gases - initial velocity of the projectile and the constancy of the pressure at the muzzle of the barrel of the weapon.
  • the assembly according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to reduce the dispersions on the forcing pressure, even when the shot is taken in a used tube.
  • the device according to the invention also makes it possible to provide means ensuring the precise guiding of the projectile during the cannon phase, ensuring its stability and contributing to the improvement of precision of the shooting.
  • This weapon is characterized in that the sabot comprises, in combination with the tubular part, a front part of the same caliber as the barrel of the weapon and allowing the guiding and the sealing between the combustion chamber and the front of the tube of the weapon, and a rear part resting on the forcing cone to ensure the forcing of the projectile in the tube and comprising recesses allowing the passage of propellant gases towards the front part of the hoof.
  • the rear part consists of an openwork plate linked to the tubular part of the shoe and the free edge of which comes to bear in whole or in part around its periphery on the forcing cone.
  • the part rear is constituted by at least two fins integral with the tubular part of the shoe and whose free ends bear on the forcing cone.
  • the rear part can also include three fins.
  • the ammunition according to the invention is also characterized by the fact that the free end of the rear part of the shoe comprises pegs of deformable material coming to bear on the forcing cone.
  • the ammunition comprises a non-combustible socket
  • this comprises the forcing cone, the rear part of the shoe bearing on said cone.
  • the pins arranged at the free end of the rear part of the shoe come to bear on the forcing cone of the tube through the case.
  • Figure 1a shows a kinetic energy projectile feather 1, driven during the cannon phase by a shoe 2 consisting of three shells 2 a, 2 b and 2 c. At the exit of the tube, the three shells are eliminated under the effect of aerodynamic forces thus releasing the projectile.
  • the procetile is driven by the shoe by known means such as threads 3 or grooves and enons arranged at the interface of the projectile and the shells.
  • the projectile is held in a socket 4 which contains the propellant charge and which, in this first embodiment, is a combustible material.
  • the ammunition is shown in position in the tube 5 of the weapon which comprises the housing 6 of the casing, the forcing cone 7 and the launching tube proper 8. In this case, the ammunition to be fired being stabilized by empennage, the tube is not scratched or slightly scratched.
  • the shoe 2 comprises a push plate 21 of outside diameter to the gauge and, a tubular part 22 enclosing the arrow and on which are fixed three fins 10.
  • the push plate 21 comprises a circular groove 9 in which is placed a suitable seal which prevents propulsion gas leaks during the interior ballistics phase.
  • the lower ends of the fins 10 are attached to the tubular part 22 while the free ends are provided with pins 11 coming to bear on the forcing cone 7 and overtaking the socket 4 (FIG. 1 b).
  • These pins consist of a deformable material such as, for example, charged or uncharged polyamides, copper or alloys.
  • each shell 2 a, 2 b or 2 c is provided with a fin, the contact surfaces between the shells being offset with respect to the fins dei (FIG. 1 c). 3
  • Figures 2 a, 2 b and 2 c show a second variant of the invention.
  • the axes of symmetry 10 a, 10 b and 10 c of the fins 10 are located in the contact planes of the shells 2 a, 2 b and 2 c.
  • the assembly of these various elements is done using staples 12 intended to break during the intermediate ballistic phase, thus facilitating the elimination of the hoof.
  • the pins 11 pass through the fuel socket 4.
  • the projectile and the socket are assembled by the front opening of the latter.
  • the pins 11 are fixed through holes 14 when the projectile is in position in the case.
  • This solution offers the advantage of holding the projectile very firmly in the socket, given the large length between the pins and the front part of the socket on the thrust plate 21.
  • the projectile being mounted, the interstices between the socket and the pins are collared thus ensuring a tight conditioning of the propellant charge.
  • FIGS 3 a and 3 b show another variant of the invention in the case where the socket used is metallic.
  • the forcing cone 7 which, in the previous examples was produced directly in the barrel of the weapon, is now included in the casing, the internal diameter of the front end of which is of caliber, which ensures the continuity of the guidance of the projectile during the gun phase on part 13 of the tube.
  • the ammunition can be assembled in two ways.
  • a first consists in introducing the complete projectile by the rear part of the case, the latter being made in two elements.
  • the projectile can be mounted by the front part of the socket on condition that it is stripped of the pins 11, which are then fixed on the fins when the projectile is positioned in length.
  • the passage of the pins is done through the holes 14 formed in the socket which are closed after rotation of the projectile by an angle equal to approximately ⁇ around its axis 15 according to arrow 16 ( Figure 3 b).
  • the projectile is then secured to the sleeve at the level of the thrust plate, by crimping or gluing carried out in such a way that when the shot starts, the forces due to crimping or gluing are much lower than those which allow the deformation of the forced tokens. This condition makes it possible to obtain constant forcing pressures which are almost independent of the method of fixing the projectile to the socket.
  • Figure 3c shows another variant, usable only in the case where the socket is metallic.
  • the inside diameter of the front end of the latter is of caliber, so as to ensure the continuity of the guidance of the projectile on the part 13 of the tube.
  • the forcing is carried out by the shearing of the section 17 of the pins 11, which are located at the rear ends of the fins and part of which is included in the wall of the sleeve 4.
  • the diameter 18 of the shearing section 17 is calculated so as to reach the desired forcing pressure.
  • the rear part of the shoe is guided by the rear ends of the fins.
  • the mounting of the ammunition in the socket is carried out in the same way as the mounting practiced in the case where the sockets are combustible (FIG. 1 a to 2 c) and offers the same advantages.
  • these various variants offer many advantages. Indeed, these projectile configurations allow on the one hand to favorably move, by means of the fins, the forces caused by the movement of the muzzle tube. Thus, the disturbances on the projectile are reduced and the dispersions at shooting reduced. On the other hand, the fact of forcing using fins and pins arranged at the rear of the launching shoe allows, compared to known projectiles, to move the thrust plate forward. This is particularly interesting because the volume of propellant charge is increased, which significantly improves the performance of this type of projectile.

Landscapes

  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Holo Graphy (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
  • Hydrogenated Pyridines (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Munition, insbesondere Antitankmunition für Glattabschußrohrwaffe, bestehend aus:
- einem flügelstabilisierten Geschoß des Pfeiltyps (1),
- einem ein rohrförmiges, den Pfeil umspannendes Teil (22) umfassenden und im Kanonenstadium zur Geschoßführung und zum Antrieb desselben dienenden Abschußschuh (2),
- und einer die antreibende Ladung enthaltenden Hülse (4), auf welcher der Abschußschuh befestigt ist, wobei die Munition sich gegen einem Druckkegel (7) abstützend in Stellung kommt,

dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schuh in Verbindung mit dem rohrförmigen Teil (22), ein das gleiche Kaliber wie das Waffenabschußrohr aufweisendes und die Führung und Abdichtung zwischen Verpuffungskammer und Waffenrohrvorderteil gestattendes Vorderteil (21) und ein sich auf dem Druckkegel zum Eindrücken des Geschosses in das Rohr abstützendes und Ausnehmungen zur Überführung der Treibgase in das Schuhvorderteil besitzendes Hinterteil (23) umfaßt.
2. Munition nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hinterteil (23) aus einer gelochten, mit dem rohrförmigen Schuhteil verbundenen Platte besteht, deren freier Randteil sich auf seinem Umfang ganz oder teilweise auf dem Drückkegel (7) abstützt.
3. Munition nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hinterteil (23) aus mindestens zwei fest mit dem rohrförmigen Teil (2) des Schuhes verbundenen Flügeln besteht, deren freie Endbereiche sich auf dem Drückkegel (7) abstützen.
4. Munition nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diese am Hinterteil drei Flügeln besitzt.
5. Munition nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das freie Ende des Schuhhinterteiles aus verformbarem Material bestehende und sich auf dem Drückkegel abstützende Zapfen (11) aufweist.
6. Munition nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, die eine unverbrennbare Hülse umfaßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hülse (4) den Drückkegel (7) umfaßt, wobei das Hinterteil des Schuhes auf diesem Kegel aufliegt.
7. Munition nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, die eine verbrennbare, für den Abschuß in einem der Drückkegel (7) umfassenden Rohr bestimmte Hülse umfaßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die am freien Ende des Schuhhinterteiles angeordneten Zapfen (11) auf dem Kegel des Rohres in Querlage zur Hülse zur Auflage kommen.
8. Munition nach Anspruch 1, mit unbrennbarer Hülse, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abschußschuh (2) an seinem Hinterteil mindestens zwei Flügel (10) umfaßt, wobei Zapfen (11) quer zur Hülse an den freien Flügelendbereichen angeordnet sind und gegenüber der Schnittstelle zwischen Flügeln und Hülse einen Scherquerschnitt (17) besitzen.
EP81401324A 1980-09-23 1981-08-20 Geschoss mit Leitflossen in Gestalt eines Pfeiles Expired EP0048644B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81401324T ATE10135T1 (de) 1980-09-23 1981-08-20 Geschoss mit leitflossen in gestalt eines pfeiles.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8020381 1980-09-23
FR8020381A FR2490805B1 (fr) 1980-09-23 1980-09-23 Projectile empenne du type fleche

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0048644A1 EP0048644A1 (de) 1982-03-31
EP0048644B1 true EP0048644B1 (de) 1984-10-31

Family

ID=9246193

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81401324A Expired EP0048644B1 (de) 1980-09-23 1981-08-20 Geschoss mit Leitflossen in Gestalt eines Pfeiles

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4524695A (de)
EP (1) EP0048644B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS5787599A (de)
AT (1) ATE10135T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3166973D1 (de)
ES (1) ES8206839A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2490805B1 (de)
IL (1) IL63899A (de)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3314749A1 (de) * 1983-04-23 1984-10-25 L'Etat Français représenté par le Délégué Général pour l'Armement, Paris Segmentierter treibkaefig
DE3476117D1 (en) * 1983-11-23 1989-02-16 Voest Alpine Ag Sub-calibre penetrator and method of making the same
AT388452B (de) * 1984-10-24 1989-06-26 Voest Alpine Ag Unterkalibriges wuchtgeschoss
DE3811597A1 (de) * 1988-04-07 1989-10-19 Dynamit Nobel Ag Treibkaefig fuer ein unterkalibergeschoss
US5359938A (en) * 1990-10-24 1994-11-01 Olin Corporation Ultra light weight sabot
US5183961A (en) * 1991-12-09 1993-02-02 Olin Corporation Extended charge cartridge assembly
FR2725509B1 (fr) * 1994-10-06 1996-11-15 France Etat Cartouche pour projectile a energie cinetique du type fleche
US5747725A (en) * 1996-05-17 1998-05-05 Primex Technologies, Inc. Pre-molded aft seal for discarding sabot projectiles
US5962807A (en) * 1996-05-17 1999-10-05 Primex Technologies, Inc. Pre-molded AFT seal for discarding sabot projectiles
US20050016413A1 (en) * 2003-07-25 2005-01-27 Giat Industries Sub-calibred projectiles with multiple supports
KR101339793B1 (ko) * 2011-10-26 2013-12-10 국방과학연구소 분산도가 향상된 날개안정철갑탄의 탄두조립체

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB374091A (en) * 1929-12-24 1932-05-30 Hermann Gerlich Improvements in or relating to fire-arms or other projectile propelling apparatus and projectiles therefor
GB412012A (en) * 1932-04-22 1934-06-21 Jaroslav Hasek Improvements in and relating to cartridges for fire arms
GB585794A (en) * 1942-07-30 1947-02-25 Charles Dennistoun Burney Improvements in or relating to gun fired projectiles
US2798433A (en) * 1953-06-18 1957-07-09 Wallace H Allan Stable sabot
BE526652A (de) * 1953-12-10
NL95893C (de) * 1954-03-22
US3038382A (en) * 1958-09-26 1962-06-12 William R Noyes Bore riders for launching of projectiles
US3262391A (en) * 1964-10-12 1966-07-26 Budd Co Subcaliber projectile and sabot
US3602091A (en) * 1969-01-29 1971-08-31 Norris Industries Two-stage holdback devices and means for operating them
US3759184A (en) * 1972-01-27 1973-09-18 Us Army Self-obturating, expellable cartridge case
US3797396A (en) * 1972-03-15 1974-03-19 Us Army Reinforced lightweight cartridge
DE2323244C3 (de) * 1973-05-09 1979-04-19 Rheinmetall Gmbh, 4000 Duesseldorf Flügelstabilisiertes Unterkalibergeschoß
US3893366A (en) * 1973-10-29 1975-07-08 Us Navy Missile launcher guide assembly
US3978792A (en) * 1975-04-25 1976-09-07 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Projectile-to-cartridge case attachment
US4187783A (en) * 1978-03-13 1980-02-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Discarding sabot munition
DE2836963A1 (de) * 1978-08-24 1984-03-08 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Munition-einheit fuer rohrwaffen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL63899A (en) 1986-08-31
JPH0215797B2 (de) 1990-04-13
DE3166973D1 (en) 1984-12-06
ATE10135T1 (de) 1984-11-15
FR2490805A1 (fr) 1982-03-26
FR2490805B1 (fr) 1985-10-31
ES505612A0 (es) 1982-08-16
JPS5787599A (en) 1982-06-01
EP0048644A1 (de) 1982-03-31
US4524695A (en) 1985-06-25
ES8206839A1 (es) 1982-08-16

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