EP0659264B1 - Vorrichtung zur abdichtung der teribgase bei artilleriegeschossen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur abdichtung der teribgase bei artilleriegeschossen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0659264B1
EP0659264B1 EP94909163A EP94909163A EP0659264B1 EP 0659264 B1 EP0659264 B1 EP 0659264B1 EP 94909163 A EP94909163 A EP 94909163A EP 94909163 A EP94909163 A EP 94909163A EP 0659264 B1 EP0659264 B1 EP 0659264B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
projectile
chamber
charge
ammunition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94909163A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0659264A1 (de
Inventor
Claude Boutet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP0659264A1 publication Critical patent/EP0659264A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0659264B1 publication Critical patent/EP0659264B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/10—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile with self-propelled bullet
    • F42B5/105—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile with self-propelled bullet propelled by two propulsive charges, the rearwardly situated one being separated from the rest of the projectile during flight or in the barrel; Projectiles with self-ejecting cartridge cases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/02—Driving bands; Rotating bands

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of ammunition fired by cannon and it concerns, more specifically, those which are fired via a propellant charge which may be independent of the projectile itself or not.
  • FR-A-380 063 (preamble to claim 1) describes a small munition caliber with the bullet at its rear part of a disc thrust to ensure the tightness of the tubes whose scratches are very deep. It is mainly in this document to increase the gas pressure surface of propulsion by reducing the load of the projectile section.
  • US-A-3,216,356 describes a weapon ammunition without recoil including a projectile and a fragmentable case containing a propellant charge.
  • the projectile carries a sealing belt and a ring whose role is to ensure correct axial positioning of the projectile relative to the launch tube. The problem of low and high tightness pressure is not discussed in this document.
  • the diameter of the chamber is generally not not increased in the same proportions in order to limit the diametrical size of the weapon.
  • the arrow bars can penetrate relatively deep in the powder with no holding problem mechanical.
  • the explosive ordnance envelope cannot penetrate inside the explosive charge without it becoming essential to increase its thickness, which results in decreased stability and reduced internal volume devoted to the explosive charge, therefore efficiency.
  • the gas-tight shutter must therefore be find on the back of the shell of the explosive projectile, this which obliges to increase the length of the projectile burden.
  • the invention aims to allow the realization of a ammunition to be fired by an increased caliber cannon, ammunition not to be excessively long or to have too thick a projectile shell.
  • the invention could in this sense find an application as well with ammunition in two bundles as with a ammunition carted in a single burden.
  • the invention aims to solve the general problem which is to allow the cannon firing of projectiles sensitive to the gas pressure without requiring a reinforcement of their structure.
  • Such means therefore make it possible to define ammunition explosives with relatively small axial dimensions since the projectile may be entirely within inside the room.
  • Timed ignition means will light the load secured to the projectile at a given time inside the tube (this concept known increases the speed by limiting the pressure).
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a projectile equipped with the device of the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation showing, on a larger scale, a constructive detail of the device.
  • Fig. 3 is an elevation illustrating, on a smaller scale, an example of application.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically the tube 1 of a barrel, the rear part of which delimits a loading chamber 2 capable of being closed or opened by a movable breech 3 .
  • the chamber 2 is connected by a forcing cone 4 to the core 5 of the tube 1 , in a way defining the caliber of the barrel in which a munition 6 must be engaged by introduction into the chamber 2 .
  • the ammunition 6 comprises a front load 7 which may be constituted by a projectile proper or even by an envelope 11 ( Fig.2 ) inside which the projectile is disposed.
  • the ammunition further comprises a rear burden 8 mainly constituted by a propellant charge, confined in a case 9 which may or may not be combustible.
  • the sealing device according to the invention consists of a piston 10 made of any suitable material to withstand the thermal and mechanical stresses generated by the ignition of the charge 8 .
  • the piston 10 is made of light alloy, for example aluminum alloy or carbon fiber with or without a metallic insert.
  • the piston 10 is adapted either to the rear part of the load 7 , or directly on the casing 11 , of the latter, by means of a separable connecting device 12 .
  • the connecting device 12 is, for example, constituted by pins (or a thread) which shear under the effect of the pressure of the propellant gases or else of acceleration. This connecting device 12 shears at the time of firing, which allows separation of the piston 10 and the casing 11 under the influence of the aerodynamic forces which are exerted on the projectile at the outlet of the barrel of the weapon.
  • the device 12 can advantageously be with controlled operation rather than automatic and in such a case, it can be advantageous to incorporate in the piston 10 a trigger 13 sensitive to pressure and / or to heat and responsible for controlling, in a deferred manner , the neutralization function of the separable connecting device 12 .
  • the trigger 13 is of known type and, for example of that disclosed by patent FR-A-2,635,178.
  • the trigger 13 can, of course, be used to assume another function such as the delayed ignition of a load loaded inside the load 7 .
  • the piston 10 has at its rear part a gasket 14 called low pressure which has, in the rest state, a cross section greater than the diameter of the chamber 2 so that the engagement of the projectile 6 establishes a cooperation of surface, by deformation of the lining then able to establish a tight contact.
  • the lining 14 is produced so as to comprise at least one peripheral lip 15 which is elastically deformable and chosen from a material such that its own reaction to the elastic deformation keeps it in permanent peripheral contact with the wall of the chamber 2 .
  • the lining 14 can be of the simple type made for example of polyethylene or possibly of the complex type including one or more elastic inserts making it possible to apply the lip 15 against the chamber 2 .
  • the lining 14 comprises at least one lip that is over-calibrated, for example by 5 to 10% relative to the diameter of the chamber 2 .
  • Such a lip could for example have an axial contact length close to 10 to 20 mm for a chamber diameter of 170 mm.
  • the lining 14 is fitted in a housing 16 in the rear part of the piston 10 and is held there by gluing or overmolding.
  • the lining 14 is designed so as to be able to be constrained in the centripetal radial direction, in order to occupy, under maximum stress, a section compatible with the passage of the forcing cone 4 and with the caliber of the core 5 .
  • provision may be made to make the lining shearable during the passage of the forcing cone 4 .
  • the sealing device is also provided in the front part of the piston 10 with a hoop or a sealing belt 17 constituting a high-pressure shutter, responsible for cooperating by forced constraint, with the core 5 .
  • the ignition of the charge 8 supplies a quantity of gas under pressure which is confined in the chamber 9 via the gasket 14 .
  • the gas pressure to which the lining 14 is subjected is a low pressure of the order of 200 MPa.
  • the energy developed is therefore confined in a defined volume and acts on the useful transverse surface of the piston 10 to propel the burden 7 inside the core 5 .
  • the piston 10 is adapted as said above to the rear part of the burden 7 or of the casing 11 , and may include appropriate means for ensuring a connection with the burden, so as to facilitate the operations of handling and loading of the projectile 6 in a unitary form.
  • Such means may consist, for example, of snap-on pins or of attachments based on additional hookable elements of the type of those known under the brand "VELCRO" and which are taught in this application by patent FR-A-2 672 672.
  • Fig. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment according to which the piston 10 is adapted at the end of a housing 20, for example of plastic material which is fixed by a flange or internal studs 21 on a peripheral groove 22 presented by the body 23 of the projectile 6 of the tail type.
  • the housing 20 can thus be compared to the envelope 11 .
  • the housing 20 which is substantially of the caliber of the barrel 1 , has a rupture initiator 24, for example annular located behind the flange or the studs 21 .
  • the case 20 thus envelops the rear part of the ammunition or of the projectile which can be of the explosive type and comprise a stabilizing stabilizer 25 protected by the case 20 and the piston 10.
  • the piston 10 then carries a pyrotechnic composition 13 which is initiated with delay by the ignition of the charge 8 , for example by means of a retarder device 26 .
  • the gas pressure caused by the ignition of the composition 13 causes the separation of the projectile and the housing in line with the rupture initiator 24 at the outlet of the barrel 1 .
  • the lining 14 is arranged at the rear of the piston and of the shutter 3 .
  • An inverted arrangement could be envisaged consisting in placing the lining 14 in front of the shutter 17 which then receives the gas pressure as soon as the explosive charge is ignited.

Claims (6)

  1. Abdichtungsvorrichtung gegen die Treibgase für Artilleriemunitionen (6) mit einem Geschoß (7), einer Treibladung (8) und einem Kolben (10), der auf der Rückseite des Geschosses mit einer abtrennbaren Verbindungsvorrichtung (12) verbunden ist, wobei der Kolben das Geschoß von der Treibladung trennt, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß er folgendes umfaßt:
    eine Niederdruckabdichtgarnitur (14), die vom Kolben getragen wird und die Abdichtung zwischen dem Kolben und der Kammer (2) der Waffe sicherstellen soll,
    einen Hochdruckverschluß (17), der vom Kolben (10) getragen wird und die Abdichtung zwischen dem Kolben und dem Waffenlauf sicherstellen soll.
  2. Vorrichtung gemäß dem Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Garnitur (14) auf der Rückseite des Kolbens und hinter dem Verschluß (17) angebracht ist.
  3. Vorrichtung gemäß dem Anspruch 1, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der Kolben (10) eine Vorrichtung (12) zur Verbindung trägt, die trennbar ist und Mittel zur Trennung mit verzögertem Funktionieren umfaßt, das automatisch oder gesteuert ist.
  4. Vorrichtung gemäß dem Anspruch 1 oder 3, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der Kolben einen Auslöser (13) trägt, der druckempfindlich ist und verzögert die Trennung zwischen dem Geschoß und dem Kolben steuern soll.
  5. Vorrichtung gemäß dem Anspruch 4, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß der Kolben Mittel trägt, die das verzögerte Zünden einer ergänzenden Treibladung steuern, die mit dem Geschoß fest verbunden ist.
  6. Vorrichtung gemäß dem Anspruch 2, gekennzeichnet dadurch, daß die Garnitur (14) mindestens eine geschmeidige Lippe besitzt, deren Durchmesser in Ruhestellung größer ist als der der Ladekammer (2), in die das Geschoß geladen werden soll.
EP94909163A 1993-03-18 1994-03-08 Vorrichtung zur abdichtung der teribgase bei artilleriegeschossen Expired - Lifetime EP0659264B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9303096A FR2702833B1 (fr) 1993-03-18 1993-03-18 Dispositif d'étanchéité au gaz de propulsion pour munitions d'artillerie.
FR9303096 1993-03-18
PCT/FR1994/000254 WO1994021981A1 (fr) 1993-03-18 1994-03-08 Dispositif d'etancheite aux gaz de propulsion pour munitions d'artillerie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0659264A1 EP0659264A1 (de) 1995-06-28
EP0659264B1 true EP0659264B1 (de) 1998-07-29

Family

ID=9445079

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94909163A Expired - Lifetime EP0659264B1 (de) 1993-03-18 1994-03-08 Vorrichtung zur abdichtung der teribgase bei artilleriegeschossen

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5492064A (de)
EP (1) EP0659264B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69412048T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2702833B1 (de)
IL (1) IL109018A (de)
WO (1) WO1994021981A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT407921B (de) * 1998-04-17 2001-07-25 Intertechnik Tech Produktionen Aus einem rohr verschiessbares geschoss
US6860187B2 (en) * 1999-04-07 2005-03-01 Metal Storm Limited Projectile launching apparatus and methods for fire fighting
DE10157668B4 (de) * 2001-11-24 2014-05-22 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Geschoss
AU2003902297A0 (en) * 2003-05-13 2003-07-24 Metal Storm Limited External propellant initiation system and projectile
GB0713369D0 (en) * 2007-07-04 2008-03-12 Bae Systems Plc Charge Mount
DE102008026645A1 (de) * 2008-06-03 2009-12-10 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Treibladung
DE102009032158B4 (de) * 2009-07-07 2013-03-14 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Waffensystem
US20120321413A1 (en) * 2010-02-12 2012-12-20 Fernando Masas Apparatus for installing fasteners and explosive loads for use therewith
DE202014005442U1 (de) * 2014-07-03 2014-08-12 Bundesrepublik Deutschland, vertreten durch das BMVg, vertreten durch das Bundesamt für Ausrüstung, Informationstechnik und Nutzung der Bundeswehr Artilleriegeschoss mit einem Dichtring
CN114909951A (zh) * 2022-05-20 2022-08-16 南京理工大学 一种试验用小口径滑膛炮发射次口径脱壳弹闭气环结构

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US648243A (en) * 1899-12-18 1900-04-24 Vickers Sons & Maxim Ltd Gas-check for projectiles.
FR373960A (fr) * 1906-04-03 1907-05-31 Schneider & Cie Ceintures obturatrices pour projectiles
FR380063A (fr) * 1906-07-19 1907-11-28 Carl Puff Canon pour armes à feu à main et pour pièces d'artillerie, avec rayures approfondies
US868938A (en) * 1907-07-25 1907-10-22 Carl Puff Barrel for portable firearms and cannon with deepened grooves.
US3216356A (en) * 1964-01-30 1965-11-09 Jr William F Kaufmann Projectile
US4043269A (en) * 1976-05-27 1977-08-23 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Sealed sabot projectile
US4384529A (en) * 1981-02-02 1983-05-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Projectile seal
DE3243430A1 (de) * 1982-11-24 1984-05-24 Mauser-Werke Oberndorf Gmbh, 7238 Oberndorf Geschoss mit einem rohrfoermigen koerper
US4800816A (en) * 1983-12-16 1989-01-31 Honeywell Inc. Delay discarding sabot projectile
GB8630848D0 (en) * 1986-12-24 1988-02-03 Royal Ordnance Plc Discarding sabots
USH403H (en) * 1987-05-07 1988-01-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Gun launched kinetic energy penetrator
FR2635178B1 (fr) * 1988-08-04 1990-10-12 France Etat Armement Dispositif d'ouverture d'empennage pour obus
FR2672672B1 (fr) * 1991-02-11 1993-04-16 Giat Ind Sa Conteneur pouvant recevoir une charge propulsive.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IL109018A (en) 1998-09-24
EP0659264A1 (de) 1995-06-28
DE69412048T2 (de) 1998-12-17
US5492064A (en) 1996-02-20
DE69412048D1 (de) 1998-09-03
FR2702833B1 (fr) 1995-05-12
WO1994021981A1 (fr) 1994-09-29
FR2702833A1 (fr) 1994-09-23

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