Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
  • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
  • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
  • A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
  • A61K9/205—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin
  • A61K9/2054—Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

Definitions

• This invention relates to a oarrier base material to be combined with a therapeutically active medicament and formed into a solid, shaped dosage unit having a bimodal controlled release of medicament upon administration.
• this invention relates to a carrier base material consisting of one or more bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcelluloses (B-HPMC's) having a physical and chemical structure which renders it suitable for use in sustained release therapeutic formulations with bimodal release characteristics.
• B-HPMC's bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcelluloses
• Forest U.S. Patent 4,369,172 hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (methoxy content of 27 to 30%, hydroxypropyl content of 9 to 12% ) is combined with ethylcellulose or sodium carboxymethylcellulose for prolonged release.
• Another Forest U.S. Patent 3, 870,790 mentions a slow release buccal tablet of 80 to 100% hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (methoxy content 28 to 30%, hydroxypropyl content 7-12%) and 0 to 20% ethylcellulose.
• Forest U.S. patent 4,357,469 uses a hydrolyzed and oxidated hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (methoxy content 28 to 30% hydroxypropyl content 7.5 to 12%) with up to 30% ethylcellulose or 30% sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
• Forest German Patent DT2718-260 describes the use of a treated hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and ethylcellulose to produce a slow release formulation.
• Forest Patents U.S. 4,226,849 and South Africa 7,805,528 claim similar slow release formulations using hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.
• U.S. Patents U.S. 4,226,849 and South Africa 7,805,528 claim similar slow release formulations using hydroxypropylmethylcellulose.
• hydroxypropylmethylcellulose is used for a sustained release tablet that is at least 1/3 by weight hydrophilic gum.
• Methocels listed are E4-M, 90 HG 4,000 cps., K4-M, and K15-M.
• U.S. Patent 4,389,393 claims a carrier base material being one or more hydroxypropylmethylcelluloses (methoxy content 16 to 24%, hydroxypropyl content 4 to 32% and average molecular weight of at least 50,000) up to
• Patent 3,065,143 uses a cellulose product with a methoxyl content of 19 to 24% and hydroxypropyl content of 4 to 12% with the HPMC comprising at least 1/3 of the total tablet weight.
• Patents J5-8135-807-A and J5-7062-224 use hydroxypropylmethylcellulose as a coating for tablets.
• the effect of various METHOCEL Products on Tablet Dissolution, including F4-M, is the subject of a Dow booklet entitled Formulating Sustained Release Pharmaceutical Products with Methocel".
• Metolose 65SH-4000 has been reported to be useful as a paint thickener, as a suspending agent in spray paints, as a thickener in paint removers, as a latex stabilizer and thickener for asphalt emulsion, as a base of jelly for an external application or ointments, as a binder for cigar leaf.
• Metolose 65SH-1500 as a gypsum plaster additives.
• Metolose 65SH-400 as Joint cement additive, as suspension stabilizer in vinyl chloride vinylidene polymer, as latex stabilizer, as spray paint additive, as shampoo additive to improve viscosity.
• Metolose 65SH-50 as suspension stabilizer in vinylchlorlde vinylidene polymer.
• Metolose 90SH-100 as suspension stabilizer in vinylchlorlde vinylidene polymer, as molding binder for pencil or crayons.
• Metolose 90SH-15000 as cement mortar additive, as tile cement additive, as gypsum plaster additive, as plaster additive, as molding product of gypsum cement.
• Metolose 60SH-4000 as paint remover additive, as shampoo additive, as binder for the extrusion molding of ceramic condenser and ferrite alumina porcelains.
• Methocel F4-M as additive to general adhesives, dust stickers, spray stickers, caulking compounds, tile and grout adhesives, toothpastes, pie fillings, cements, creams, ointments, ophthalmic preparations, and suspensions.
• the present invention is directed toward a carrier base material for therapeutically active medicaments in a solid dosage formulation that produces a bimodal controlled release profile characterized by a rapid initial release of aedicament followed by a substantially constant rate of release for a period of time, after which the release rate is greater than the constant rate previously observed.
• a carrier base material and bimodal controlled release formulation prepared therefrom over conventional sustained release formulations are substantial.
• Conventional sustained release formulations may exhibit a zero order release profile, where the rate of release of therapeutic agent is essentially constant, or a profile in which the release rate decreases with time.
• An objective of the bimodal controlled release formulation of this invention is to provide for a more uniform delivery of therapeutic agent since it is now possible to increase the rate of drug release at a point when the body's ability to absorb a medicament decreases, thus providing more uniform delivery of the therapeutic agent.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide a bimodal formulation giving therapeutic blood levels similar to those produced by administration of two smaller doses over an extended period of time.
• the bimodal release profile of the active ingredient from the carrier of the present invention can be controlled according to the particlar therapeutic agent and its intended therapeutic effect since the initial rate of release, initial time of rate change, and the final release rate for a specific drug, are all a property of the particular B-HPMC(s) utilized. These parameters can be selectively modified by the addition of various excipients that include, but are not limited to, non-bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC's), hydroxypropylcelluloses, lactose, starch, binders, fillers, disintegrating agents and other pharmaceutical compounding agents.
• HPMC's non-bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
• the active ingredient can be any type of therapeutic agent which lends itself to controlled release administration.
• agents include antihistamines, laxatives, vitamins, decongestants, gastrointestinal sedatives, anti-inflammatory substances, antacids, anti-infectives, coronary vasodilators, cerebral vasodilators, peripheral vasodilators, psyehotropics, antimanics, stimulants, antidiarrheal preparations, antianginal drugs, vasoconstrictors, anticoagulants, antithrombotic drugs, analgesics, anti-pyretics, hypnotics, sediatives, anti-emetics, anti-nauseants, anticonvulsants, neuromuscular drugs, hyper- and hypoglycemic agents, thyroid and antithyroid preparations, diuretics, anti-spasmodics, uterine relaxants, mineral and nutritional additives, antiobesity drugs, anabolic drugs, erythropoietic drugs, anti-as
• sustained release tablets with bimodal release characteristics consists of thorough mixing of a therapeutic agent with one or more of the hydroxypropylmethylcellulose ethers of the present invention, and any other ingredients wMch are. conventional in tablet making - such as magnesium stearate, stearic acid, Cab-O-sil (colloidal 3ilicon dioxide) etc. Release rate modifiers, as mentioned previously, are also added at this time, if they are desined. All ingredients are mixed thoroughly. The mixture, in an amount sufficient to make a uniform batch of matrix tablets, is subjected to tableting on conventional tableting machines.
• hydroxypropylmethylcellulose ethers effective for the present purpose are the bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcellulose ethers (B-HPMC's), with a methoxy content of 19 to 30%, a hydro xypropyoxy content of from 4 to 12%, a viscosity of from 40 to 19,000 cps, an average molecular weight of from 20,000 to 140,000, and demonstrates a bimodal release profile in accordance with the assay described in Procedure I. Accordingly, any hydroxypropylmethylcellulose ether having the foregoing specifications, and exhibiting a bimodal release profile in accordance with Procedure I represents a B-HPMC.
• B-HPMC's bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcellulose ethers
• hydroxypropylmethylcellulose ethers which can be used as B-HPMC's include, but are not limited to, Metolose 65SH-50, 400, 1500 and 4000, Metolose 60SH-4000 and Metolose 90SH-100 and 15,000, all available from Shin-Etsu Ltd., Japan, as well as Methocel F4-M available from the Dow Chemical Company.
• Various grades of Methocel A, E and K tested do not demonstrate a bimodal release profile nor has Metolose SM-1500, a brand of methylcellulose. See, for example, the cumulative and differential plots of a 200 mg flurbiprofen/Methocel 30% K15-M of FIGURES 3 and 4.
• B-HPMC hydroxypropylmethylcellulose
• the bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcelluloses (B-HPMC's) of the present invention can be optionally mixed with about 0 to 50% by weight of the total formulation of a non-bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, or methylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose or other cellulsoe ether.
• B-HPMC's for example, two or more B-HPMC's, one or more non-bimodal HPMC, or other cellulose ethers in combination with one or more B-HPMC can be mixed to provide bimodal formulations of various specific release characteristics. See e g. Example 11 and 12. Procedure 1 Determination of Bimodal Hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose (B-HPMC's) Utilizing Standard In Vitro Assay Procedures
• hydroxypropylmethylcelluloses to produce a bimodal release profile can be readily evaluated in accordance with the following procedure.
• One Hundred 300 mg Aspirin tablets are prepared from the following types and amounts of ingredients:
• Release rates are determined using an automated spin filter dissolution apparatus, J. Pharm. Sci. 63. 110, (1974), or other dissolution test device using the following conditions: Media: 1,000 ml of 0.05 M phosphate buffer, pH 7.2
• Release rates are plotted (cumulative and/ or differential plots) and evaluated for the presence of a bimodal profile characterized by a rapid initial release of drug followed by am essentially constant rate of release .for a period of time, after which the release rate is greater than the constant rate previously observed.
• An HPMC that produces a bimodal release rate is a B-HPMC.
• Metolose 65SH-4000 is a B-HPMC.
• Examples 1-3 Bimodal Controlled Release 200 mg flurbiprofen tablets containing 40% bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcellulose were prepared from the following ingredients:
• Example 1 Bimodal Controlled Release 200 mg flurbiprofen tablets containing 40% bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcellulose were prepared from the following ingredients:
• Example 1 Bimodal Controlled Release 200 mg flurbiprofen tablets containing 40% bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcellulose were prepared from the following ingredients:
• Example 1
• Table 1 shows the percent drug dissolved per hour, and the rate of dissolution for Examples 1-3.
• Examples 4-9 show the effect of varying the amount of a bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcellulose used on 200 mg flurbiprofen formulations.
• Tablets are prepared and tested as stated in Examples 1-3. Tablet weight ranges from 241 mg to 527 mg. Table 2 shows the percent drug dlssolved per hour, and rate of dissolution for Examples 4-9.
• Examples 10-12 show the effect of a modifying excipient, Metolose SM-1500 (methylcellulose, USP; 1500 cps), on 30 mg adinazolam mesylate formulations containing the bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, Metolose 65SH-4000.
• Metolose SM-1500 methylcellulose, USP; 1500 cps
• Example 10 show the effect of a modifying excipient, Metolose SM-1500 (methylcellulose, USP; 1500 cps), on 30 mg adinazolam mesylate formulations containing the bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, Metolose 65SH-4000.
• Example 10 shows the effect of a modifying excipient, Metolose SM-1500 (methylcellulose, USP; 1500 cps), on 30 mg adinazolam mesylate formulations containing the bimodal hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, Metolose 65SH-4000.
• Tablets are prepared in Examples 13, 14 and 15 by mixing flurbiprofen, metoloses, and color in a P-K blender for 5 min. The mixed are then dry granulated by slugging. The stearic acid and Cab-O- Sil are added to the dry sized granules and blended for another 5 min. Mixos are then compressed on a Beta Press. The theoretical tablet weight is 311.28 mg. Table 4 shows the percent drug dissolved versus time and the rate for the tablets.

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