EP0226886B2 - Centrifuge - Google Patents

Centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0226886B2
EP0226886B2 EP86116668A EP86116668A EP0226886B2 EP 0226886 B2 EP0226886 B2 EP 0226886B2 EP 86116668 A EP86116668 A EP 86116668A EP 86116668 A EP86116668 A EP 86116668A EP 0226886 B2 EP0226886 B2 EP 0226886B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
information
rotor
magnet pins
reader
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86116668A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0226886B1 (fr
EP0226886A1 (fr
Inventor
Alfred Grassl
Erhard Knorr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kontron Instruments Holding NV
Original Assignee
Kontron Instruments Holding NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Kontron Instruments Holding NV filed Critical Kontron Instruments Holding NV
Publication of EP0226886A1 publication Critical patent/EP0226886A1/fr
Publication of EP0226886B1 publication Critical patent/EP0226886B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0226886B2 publication Critical patent/EP0226886B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B13/00—Control arrangements specially designed for centrifuges; Programme control of centrifuges
    • B04B13/003—Rotor identification systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B7/00—Elements of centrifuges

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a centrifuge according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Centrifuges are generally used to separate sample particles in a liquid medium.
  • a variety of different types of rotors are available depending on the application requirements. e.g. Angle rotors, swing-out rotors, vertical rotors, zonal rotors.
  • the individual rotors differ in their different performance characteristics, such as the maximum achievable centrifugal force and the maximum usable volume.
  • centrifuges are often not only used for one application, different interchangeable rotors are used for one device. Under no circumstances may the maximum speed of the rotor used be exceeded.
  • Modern centrifuges therefore usually have a corresponding rotor-specific overspeed protection, e.g. an optical scanning of a light / dark disk using an optocoupler or similar methods or magnetic interrogation of a toothed disk or of permanent magnets.
  • a corresponding rotor-specific overspeed protection e.g. an optical scanning of a light / dark disk using an optocoupler or similar methods or magnetic interrogation of a toothed disk or of permanent magnets.
  • Both methods are used to generate a frequency that switches off the centrifuge drive when the permissible value is exceeded.
  • the aforementioned query is often omitted.
  • the overspeed protection is guaranteed by the air resistance.
  • High-speed centrifuges usually have cooling to keep the sample temperature inside the rotor constant. This class of centrifuges does not have a vacuum device as is required for ultra-fast rotating centrifuges.
  • the air resistance depending on the size, shape, surface and speed of the rotor used must be taken into account when controlling the temperature. This means that the cooling capacity must be adjusted accordingly. This is accomplished by a compensation circuit. The correct compensation value can be found in the corresponding nomograms of the individual rotors.
  • the preselection of the rotor type is sufficient to automatically take the compensation from the memory of the microprocessor into account when preselecting the temperature.
  • the same also applies to partially evacuated centrifuges.
  • EP-A-138383 describes a centrifuge with a rotor identification system.
  • a pair of permanent magnets with different polarity is attached to the rotor such that the angular distance between them corresponds to an information content.
  • a centrifuge according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from US Pat. No. 4,551,715.
  • the arrangement of permanent magnets on the rotor characterizes the rotor type there by how many of the permanent magnets are oriented with their north pole or south pole to the magnetic field detector, or how many pole changes take place. All positions provided for the permanent magnets are occupied.
  • the coding is such that all permanent magnetic pins are used to characterize a rotor. There is no provision for further coding.
  • This positive rotor detection requires a factory coding of the rotor.
  • This coding can, for example, provide the following information to the query electronics: year of manufacture, serial number, rotor type and permissible maximum speed.
  • magnetic pen coding is the safest contactless type because of its robustness and the north or south pole orientation.
  • the magnets are arranged radially around the axis of rotation. Some of the magnets are used for speed monitoring and the other for coding. Both subsets differ in polarity.
  • the centrifuge shown in FIG. 1 is a fixed-angle centrifuge in which the sample vessels 1 are arranged at a certain angle of inclination in the rotor 2.
  • the rotor On its underside, the rotor carries a carrier ring 3 for receiving the coding.
  • two sensors 4, 4a are arranged opposite it for scanning the coding.
  • the rotor is driven by a drive axle 5.
  • the axle is mounted in a fixed bearing housing 6 and is driven by a drive unit 7.
  • the end face of the carrier ring 3 is shown in Fig. 2. It has 24 holes 8, evenly distributed over its circumference, into which suitable permanent magnet pins 9, 10 are inserted. The magnetic pins are inserted so that some of their south poles and some of their north poles face outwards.
  • a larger amount of information can be encoded by using North and South Poland.
  • the 15 positions of sectors a, b, c and thus 15 bits are available for rotor detection. In these 15 positions, the lifts used face northwards. They are divided into 4 bits (sector a) for the year of manufacture, 7 bits (sector b) for the serial number and 4 bits (sector c) for the rotor type.
  • the magnetic pins of sector d are directed outwards with their south poles. They are used for coding the speed.
  • the microprocessor needs a start bit to recognize the start of the coding. Since the magnets for the speed monitoring are used in a different polarity than the coding magnets, the start information is automatically obtained when the polarity changes due to the rotation.
  • a second sensor (4a) allows independent monitoring of both the speed and the coding in the case of galvanic isolation in order to meet even the strictest safety regulations.
  • the circuit for detecting the coding for example shown in FIG. 3, is constructed as follows, reference being made simultaneously to the signal diagrams in FIG. 4.
  • the magnetic sensor 4 has a supply voltage of + 12 volts.
  • the signal output has a DC potential of + 6 volts.
  • the magnets rotating past the sensor generate pulses with a signal voltage of approximately 270 mVpp. These are superimposed on the output voltage (Fig. 4a).
  • the sensor 4 is connected to the inverting input of an operational amplifier 11.
  • the signal is amplified and inverted about 30 times in the operational amplifier 11 (FIG. 4b).
  • the other input of the amplifier 11 is supplied with a bias voltage by a potentiometer 12, which keeps the output at + 6 volts.
  • the output of the amplifier 11 is connected to the non-inverting input of an operational amplifier 13 and to the inverting input of an operational amplifier 14.
  • the second input of the amplifier 13 is connected to a bias voltage of approximately 8 volts with the help of the resistors 15, 16, 17. It is thereby achieved that only the interference-free positive peaks of the output signal of the amplifier 11 are converted into a square-wave signal (FIG. 4c).
  • the amplifier 14 has a second input between the resistors 16 and 17 at 4 volts. In this way, it inverts the negative pulses of signal 46 and also supplies a square-wave signal (FIG. 4d).
  • the output of amplifier 13 (FIG. 4c) is fed to a speed monitor (not shown), while the rotor encoding output signal of amplifier 14 (FIG. 4d) is fed to a microprocessor (not shown) for processing.

Claims (3)

  1. centrifugeuse comprenant un rotor (2) interchangeable qui présente un support d'information lié au rotor (2) et destiné à porter une information lisible par machine, sous la forme d'une surface annulaire (3) coaxiale, munie de barreaux magnétiques à aimantation permanente (9, 10), qui sont répartis sur des positions prédéterminées de la surface annulaire (3), de manière correspondante à une information codée, et un dispositif de lecture qui comprend des détecteurs (4, 4a) destinés à explorer le support d'information et un circuit électronique destiné à traiter l'information reçue, les barreaux magnétiques (9, 10) à aimantation permanente étant dirigés vers le dispositif de lecture, les uns par leur pôle nord et les autres par leur pôle sud, et des informations différentes étant codées à l'aide de polarités différentes des barreaux magnétiques à aimantation permanente, les barreaux magnétiques à aimantation permanente (9, 10) étant disposés en deux groupes séparés, tous les barreaux magnétiques à aimantation permanente du premier groupe (a, b, c) étant disposés avec leurs pôles nord tournés vers le dispositif de lecture et tous les barreaux magnétiques à aimantation permanente du deuxième groupe (d) étant tournés avec leurs pôles sud touxnés vers le dispositif de lecture, caractérisée en ce que différentes informations sont codées sur chaque groupe (a, b, c; d) individuel, par la présence et l'absence des barreaux magnétiques à aimantation permanente (9, 10) aux positions prédéterminées.
  2. Centrifugeuse selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de lecture présente au moins un détecteur (4, 4a) disposé sur la centrifugeuse pour obtenir une information magnétique pouvant être lue par machine depuis les barreaux magnétiques à aimantation permanente (9, 10).
  3. Centrifugeuse selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le support d'information est composé d'un anneau support (3) relié à la face frontale du rotor (2) et pouvant tourner autour du même axe d'entraînement (5) et présentant un certain nombre de perçages (8) disposés à une distance déterminée de l'axe d'entraînement (5) du rotor (2) et ayant des dimensions lui permettant de loger et de soutenir des barreaux magnétiques à aimantation permanente (9, 10) adaptés.
EP86116668A 1985-12-11 1986-12-01 Centrifuge Expired - Lifetime EP0226886B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH528585 1985-12-11
CH5285/85 1985-12-11

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0226886A1 EP0226886A1 (fr) 1987-07-01
EP0226886B1 EP0226886B1 (fr) 1990-08-29
EP0226886B2 true EP0226886B2 (fr) 1994-01-05

Family

ID=4291022

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86116668A Expired - Lifetime EP0226886B2 (fr) 1985-12-11 1986-12-01 Centrifuge

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4772254A (fr)
EP (1) EP0226886B2 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62140659A (fr)
DE (1) DE3673782D1 (fr)
FI (1) FI864811A (fr)

Families Citing this family (30)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4857811A (en) * 1988-03-31 1989-08-15 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Evacuation pump control for a centrifuge instrument
DE3815449C2 (de) * 1988-05-06 1994-06-01 Sigma Laborzentrifugen Gmbh Zentrifuge, insbesondere Laborzentrifuge
SU1734865A1 (ru) * 1988-07-18 1992-05-23 Московское научно-производственное объединение "Биофизприбор" Устройство дл контрол центрифуги
EP0431645B1 (fr) * 1989-12-08 1996-03-20 Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. Système pour la gestion de rotors centrifuges
FR2657793B1 (fr) * 1990-02-06 1992-04-24 Jouan Appareil de centrifugation a rotor amovible et a moyens d'identification des rotors.
DE4037458C2 (de) * 1990-11-24 1997-08-28 Heraeus Instr Gmbh Zentrifuge und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Zentrifuge
US5235864A (en) * 1990-12-21 1993-08-17 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Centrifuge rotor identification system based on rotor velocity
US5221250A (en) * 1991-01-07 1993-06-22 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Coding of maximum operating speed on centrifuge rotors and detection thereof
DE4208059A1 (de) * 1992-03-13 1993-09-16 Hermle Berthold Maschf Ag Zentrifuge
US5338283A (en) * 1992-10-09 1994-08-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Centrifuge rotor identification system
JPH06206010A (ja) * 1992-12-14 1994-07-26 E I Du Pont De Nemours & Co 遠心分離ロータの認識および遠心分離機の制御システム
JP2514554B2 (ja) 1992-12-28 1996-07-10 株式会社久保田製作所 遠心機
DE4420562C2 (de) * 1994-06-13 1999-11-18 Busch Dieter & Co Prueftech Drehzahlmeßgerät
US5518493A (en) * 1994-07-07 1996-05-21 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Automatic rotor identification based on a rotor-transmitted signal
US5786898A (en) * 1996-08-23 1998-07-28 Fitzpatrick; Stephen T. Structure and method for centrifugal sedimentation particle size analysis of particles of lower density than their suspension medium
DE19723984C2 (de) * 1997-06-06 2000-02-17 Kendro Lab Prod Gmbh Auswechselbarer Zentrifugen-Rotor mit wenigstens einem Magnetkörper als Informationsträger sowie ein Verfahren zum Einbringen eines Magnetkörpers
FR2799395B1 (fr) * 1999-10-08 2001-12-21 Jouan Centrifugeuse a rotor presentant au moins un logement de reception d'un produit a centrifuger et un couvercle associe de fermeture, et ensemble comprenant une telle centrifugeuse et plusieurs rotors
US6368265B1 (en) 2000-04-11 2002-04-09 Kendro Laboratory Products, L.P. Method and system for energy management and overspeed protection of a centrifuge
JP3951582B2 (ja) * 2000-10-06 2007-08-01 日立工機株式会社 遠心分離機
US6572523B2 (en) 2001-04-05 2003-06-03 Fleetguard, Inc. Centrifuge rotation indicator
US6589151B2 (en) * 2001-04-27 2003-07-08 Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. Centrifugal separator capable of reading a rotor identification signal under different rotor rotation conditions
JP3956646B2 (ja) * 2001-05-21 2007-08-08 日立工機株式会社 遠心機
JP5035632B2 (ja) * 2008-05-08 2012-09-26 日立工機株式会社 遠心分離機
US8182409B2 (en) * 2008-09-09 2012-05-22 The Western States Machine Company Centrifuge comprising magnetically coupled rotating basket
DE102008042971A1 (de) 2008-10-20 2010-04-22 Agilent Technologies Inc., Santa Clara Zentrifuge mit Magneteinrichtung
DE102011100044B4 (de) * 2011-04-29 2017-10-05 Thermo Electron Led Gmbh Sensoranordnung zur Identifikation eines in eine Zentrifuge eingesetzten Rotors und Zentrifuge
CN104338624B (zh) * 2013-08-07 2017-03-15 上海安亭科学仪器厂 一种离心机转子状态自动识别系统
CN104588219A (zh) * 2014-12-30 2015-05-06 上海力申科学仪器有限公司 离心机转子
GB2550185B (en) * 2016-05-12 2019-08-14 Cambustion Method to improve classification of particles in a gas stream by reducing thermal convective instabilities
CN115400886A (zh) * 2021-05-28 2022-11-29 青岛海特生物医疗有限公司 离心机转子识别系统及用于离心机转子识别的方法、装置

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8324912D0 (en) * 1983-09-17 1983-10-19 Fisons Plc Magnetic device
US4551715A (en) * 1984-04-30 1985-11-05 Beckman Instruments, Inc. Tachometer and rotor identification apparatus for centrifuges
US4663601A (en) * 1984-11-21 1987-05-05 Xomox Corporation Magnetic switch housing assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI864811A (fi) 1987-06-12
FI864811A0 (fi) 1986-11-26
EP0226886B1 (fr) 1990-08-29
JPS62140659A (ja) 1987-06-24
EP0226886A1 (fr) 1987-07-01
US4772254A (en) 1988-09-20
JPS6333911B2 (fr) 1988-07-07
DE3673782D1 (de) 1990-10-04

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