EP0213113B1 - Fabrication d'articles frittés à partir d'un mélange pour frittage d'aluminium - Google Patents

Fabrication d'articles frittés à partir d'un mélange pour frittage d'aluminium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0213113B1
EP0213113B1 EP86890217A EP86890217A EP0213113B1 EP 0213113 B1 EP0213113 B1 EP 0213113B1 EP 86890217 A EP86890217 A EP 86890217A EP 86890217 A EP86890217 A EP 86890217A EP 0213113 B1 EP0213113 B1 EP 0213113B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aluminium
sintered
matrix
wear
aluminum
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP86890217A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0213113A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Dr. Jangg
Klaus Dr. Schröder
Friedrich Dr. Franek
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Miba Sintermetall GmbH
Original Assignee
Miba Sintermetall GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Miba Sintermetall GmbH filed Critical Miba Sintermetall GmbH
Publication of EP0213113A1 publication Critical patent/EP0213113A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0213113B1 publication Critical patent/EP0213113B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05—Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/001—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides
    • C22C32/0015—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with only oxides with only single oxides as main non-metallic constituents
    • C22C32/0036—Matrix based on Al, Mg, Be or alloys thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0089—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with other, not previously mentioned inorganic compounds as the main non-metallic constituent, e.g. sulfides, glass

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing sintered shaped bodies from an aluminum sintered mixture with a powdery addition of wear-resistant, non-metallic compounds of elements with a melting point above that of aluminum, the sintered mixture being pressed into a shaped body, to a sintering temperature below the melting point heated by aluminum and sintered in a protective gas atmosphere.
  • Sintered moldings made of an aluminum-sinter mixture can not only be produced in large quantities with high manufacturing accuracy, but also have a comparatively low specific weight and good corrosion resistance. This advantage is offset by the disadvantage of low wear resistance.
  • a hard coating by chemical deposition for example of titanium carbide, titanium nitride or boride from the gas phase, is however not expedient in the case of aluminum materials because the coating processes require reaction temperatures above the melting point of the aluminum.
  • wear-resistant layers such as evaporation, ion implantation and. Like., Applied, so generally only thin, quickly removable layers are obtained. In addition, these methods are too expensive for coating cheap mass parts. The same applies to the application of galvanic layers. In addition, at least when applying thicker layers, the very good dimensional stability of the sintered shaped body is impaired.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method by means of which dimensionally stable sintered shaped bodies made of an aluminum-sintered mixture with a comparatively high wear resistance can be obtained.
  • the invention achieves the object in that oxides or silicates are used as the powdery additive, which are less noble than the corresponding aluminum compound or the aluminum from the aluminum of the matrix in view of the free enthalpy of reaction of the surface are reduced and which thereby form mixed crystals with the aluminum in the range of the sintering temperature with formation of an adhesive layer with a thickness of 0.01 to 1.0 ⁇ m between the additional particles and the matrix, and that the particles of 0.5 to 50 vol % of the sintered mixture constituting powdery additive have a spherical shape with a grain diameter between 30 and 300 pm.
  • the aluminum of the matrix reduces the surface of the embedded oxides or silicates.
  • this reaction would cease very quickly if mixed crystals could not form which change the activities, so that even with a positive difference in the free enthalpy, such oxides or Silicates with which aluminum can react.
  • this reaction stops after a comparatively low concentration of mixed crystals has been reached in the area of the phase interfaces, because no more due to the activity compensation Particles can be reduced more.
  • the adhesive layer formed consequently remains very thin because of the small amount converted and, moreover, acts as a diffusion barrier due to the high melting point, as a result of which a further reaction is effectively inhibited by diffusion. Even if intermetallic phases are inherently brittle, the adhesive layers formed remain deformable due to their small thickness and behave ductile, so that the more wear-resistant particles are well integrated and are not torn loose, which considerably increases the wear resistance of such sintered shaped bodies.
  • the very low reaction of the non-metallic additive particles with the aluminum matrix practically does not change the sintering behavior of the aluminum sintered mixture compared to the additive-free sintered mixture. Consequently, the sintering conditions which are advantageous for the production of shaped sintered bodies without wear-reducing additives can also be used for the sintering of the aluminum sintered mixtures with such wear-reducing silicates or oxides.
  • the particles of the powdery oxide or silicate additive should have a spherical shape with a grain diameter between 30 and 100 ⁇ m. If the grain diameter is below the specified range, there is no noticeable improvement in wear resistance because the wear-resistant additional particles can be pressed into the matrix structure during wear. In addition, too small a grain size leads to a loss of strength of the shaped bodies. A large number of very fine additional particles hinder the formation of the sinter bridges that determine the strength of the material. If the grain size exceeds a certain dimension, there is a risk that the additional particles will be torn out of the structure. In addition, difficulties can arise with regard to the different thermal expansion coefficients of the non-metallic inclusions and the aluminum matrix.
  • the grain diameter of the powdery oxide or silicate additive is between 50 and 200 ⁇ m. Additional particles with a spherical shape ensure better mechanical properties of the sintered molded body, in particular a better elongation at break can be achieved. In addition, the green bodies are more compressible and the tool wear when pressing the green bodies is less.
  • the content of oxides or silicates should make up at least 0.5% by volume of the sintered mixture. If the content of this additive exceeds 50% by volume, the strength of the sintered materials is impaired. In general, an addition of oxides or silicates of 1 to 30% by volume to the aluminum sintered mixture will ensure the best results.
  • the hardness of the oxides or silicates used only plays a subordinate role for the wear properties of the sintered molded body, because all the oxides or silicates in question have a sufficiently high hardness.
  • the advantages of conventional aluminum sintered moldings can thus be combined with the advantage of a considerable improvement in wear behavior.
  • the adhesive layers that form between the embedded, wear-resistant particles and the matrix are limited in terms of the layer thickness to 0.01 to 1.0 pm, so that despite the brittle intermetallic phases, ductile behavior is achieved that allows the wear-resistant particles to be well integrated into the Matrix ensures even with greater wear stresses of the material.
  • This aluminum sintered mixture is pressed in a conventional manner with appropriate tools under a pressure of 3.5 t / cm 2 to give molded parts which have a high green strength and a high compression density. With the selected pressing pressure and the additional amount of glass balls, there is no fear of the glass balls breaking during the pressing.
  • the green compacts thus produced are sintered at 590 ° C. for 20 minutes after dewaxing. With a sintering shrinkage of less than 0.1%, molded articles with a tensile strength strength of 140 N / mm 2 (Tl state) or 240 N / mm 2 (T6 state). The wear measured on a wear test bench compared to a plastic-bonded silicon carbide disc could be reduced to approx. 45% by adding silicate to aluminum sintered bodies without this addition.
  • this sintered mixture was pressed into green compacts with a pressure of 3.5 t / cm 2 , the green compacts were sintered at a sintering temperature of 595 ° C. and a sintering time of 20 minutes.
  • the strength of the sintered shaped bodies thus obtained was 145 N / mm 2 (T1) and 250 N / mm 2 (T6).
  • the dimensional change during sintering was determined to be ⁇ 0.1%.
  • the increase in wear resistance compared to sintered moldings free of additives was measured at 35%.

Claims (4)

1. Procédé pour fabriquer des corps de moulage frittés à partir d'un mélange à fritter à base d'aluminium avec une addition pulvérulente de composés d'éléments non-métalliques résistant à l'abrasion et ayant un point de fusion au-dessus de celui de l'aluminium, tandis que le mélange à fritter est pressé en un corps moulé, échauffé à une température en-dessous du point de fusion de l'aluminium et fritté sous gaz inerte de protection, avec pour prescription que soient utilisés, en tant qu'addition pulvérulente, des oxydes et/ou des silicates qui, du point de vue de l'enthalpie libre de réaction, sont moins nobles que le composé correspondant d'aluminium ou que l'aluminium, qui subissent à leur surface une attaque par réduction par l'aluminium de la matrice et qui forment dans ces conditions des solutions solides avec l'aluminium dans la zone de la température de frittage en donnant naissance à une couche d'adhérence faisant une épaisseur de 0,01 à 1,0 pm entre les particules de l'addition et la matrice, et que les particules de l'addition pulvérulente faisant 0,5 à 50% en volume du mélange à fritter présentent une configuration sphérique avec un diamètre de grain compris entre 30 et 300 pm.
2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le diamètre des grains de l'addition pulvérulente se situe entre 50 et 200 um.
3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que le mélange à fritter contient 1 à 30% en volume d'addition pulvérulente.
4. Corps de moulage fritté en un mélange à fritter à base d'aluminium avec une addition composée de particules pulvérulentes et résistantes à l'brasion, caractérisé par le fait que dans la matrice sont incorporés des oxydes et/ou des silicates d'éléments qui ont un point de fusion au-dessus de celui de l'aluminium, qui sont, du point de vue de l'enthalpie libre de réaction, moins nobles que le composé correspondant d'aluminium ou que l'aluminium, et qui forment des solutions solides avec l'aluminium dans la zone de la température de frittage en donnant naissance à une couche d'adhérence faisant une épaisseur de 0,01 à 1,0 µm entre les particules pulvérulentes résistant à l'abrasion et la matrice, et que les particules pulvérulentes faisant 0,5 à 50% en volume de la matrice présentent une configuration sphérique avec un diamètre de grain compris entre 30 et 300 pm.
EP86890217A 1985-07-25 1986-07-24 Fabrication d'articles frittés à partir d'un mélange pour frittage d'aluminium Expired - Lifetime EP0213113B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2204/85 1985-07-25
AT220485 1985-07-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0213113A1 EP0213113A1 (fr) 1987-03-04
EP0213113B1 true EP0213113B1 (fr) 1990-12-12

Family

ID=3529932

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86890217A Expired - Lifetime EP0213113B1 (fr) 1985-07-25 1986-07-24 Fabrication d'articles frittés à partir d'un mélange pour frittage d'aluminium

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0213113B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE59064T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3676131D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL9201606A (nl) * 1992-09-17 1994-04-18 Mifa Aluminium B V Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van aluminium bevattende voorwerpen.

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0130034A1 (fr) * 1983-06-24 1985-01-02 Inco Alloys International, Inc. Procédé de préparation de matériaux composites

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB721821A (en) * 1948-09-06 1955-01-12 British Aluminium Co Ltd Improvements in the manufacture of aluminium alloys
US3885959A (en) * 1968-03-25 1975-05-27 Int Nickel Co Composite metal bodies
DE2253282C2 (de) * 1972-10-31 1974-03-14 Mahle Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart Warmfeste Aluminium-Sinterlegierung
GB2163179B (en) * 1984-08-13 1988-07-20 Ae Plc The manufacture of aluminium/zirconia composites
FR2576913B1 (fr) * 1985-02-01 1987-02-27 Cegedur Procede d'obtention par la metallurgie des poudres d'un materiau a base d'alliage d'aluminium et d'au moins une ceramique destine a la confection de pieces soumises a frottement

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0130034A1 (fr) * 1983-06-24 1985-01-02 Inco Alloys International, Inc. Procédé de préparation de matériaux composites

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Publication number Publication date
DE3676131D1 (de) 1991-01-24
ATE59064T1 (de) 1990-12-15
EP0213113A1 (fr) 1987-03-04

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