EP0204759B1 - Pleasure boat structure - Google Patents

Pleasure boat structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0204759B1
EP0204759B1 EP85906078A EP85906078A EP0204759B1 EP 0204759 B1 EP0204759 B1 EP 0204759B1 EP 85906078 A EP85906078 A EP 85906078A EP 85906078 A EP85906078 A EP 85906078A EP 0204759 B1 EP0204759 B1 EP 0204759B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fact
structure according
mast
constituted
arms
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP85906078A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0204759A1 (en
Inventor
Frédéric Jean Jérome DAT
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority claimed from FR8419939A external-priority patent/FR2574745B1/en
Priority claimed from FR8511651A external-priority patent/FR2585322A2/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT85906078T priority Critical patent/ATE41387T1/en
Publication of EP0204759A1 publication Critical patent/EP0204759A1/en
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Publication of EP0204759B1 publication Critical patent/EP0204759B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
    • B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
    • B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
    • B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
    • B63B1/125—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising more than two hulls

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to boats of the pleasure craft type, and more particularly to the sailing type boats such as, for example, trimarans.
  • the present invention therefore aims to achieve a structure of the sailing type boat, like a trimaran, offering very interesting sporting performance while having a very simple design allowing easy transport, disassembly and reassembly very easy.
  • This structure because of its qualities, makes it possible to arrive at a cost price very much lower than that of boats having or being able to have comparable performances.
  • the subject of the present invention is a boat structure according to the preamble of claim 1 comprising an oblong central body, two floats, two lateral longitudinal arms, one of their ends of which is secured to said body by first fixing means and second and third means for connecting the two other ends of said arms with the two said floats respectively.
  • a boat having a structure of this type has in particular been described in patent GB-A-922,065 (Welman).
  • the boat structure according to the invention and in accordance with the characterizing part of claim 1 is characterized by the fact that said body consists of a beam comprising two parts abutted to one another along a junction surface, a first part relatively short in shape substantially in an arc having a first value of curvature R1, a second part longer than ⁇ the first part, in shape substantially in an arc having a second value R2 of radius of curvature significantly greater than the first value R1.
  • said structure is also characterized in that the two said arms consist of a curved rod situated in a first plane substantially perpendicular to a second plane containing said beam, said first plane passing in the vicinity of said junction surface of the two said parts, the lengths of the two parts of said rod located on either side of said second plane being substantially equal, these two said parts of said rod constituting the two said arms.
  • said structure is also characterized by the fact that it comprises a mast carrier pivoting in said second plane around an axis located substantially near said rod and means for blocking said carrier. mast in a determined position with respect to said beam.
  • said structure is also characterized by the fact that said floats are constituted by a first body comprising at least one substantially cylindrical middle portion of revolution, a sleeve located on said middle portion of section substantially complementary to that of said middle portion, so as to be able to pivot around this middle portion, drift means mounted in cooperation with said sleeve and means for controlling the pivoting of said sleeve.
  • said structure is characterized in that it comprises, in association with at least one of said oblong central body and two arms, predisposed means for hooking navigation elements and at least one navigation element cooperating with said attachment means.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 represent, in two different views, one in perspective slightly from the side and the other from above, an embodiment of a boat structure of the trimaran type, comprising a central body 1 bordered on either side by two floats 2 and 3. These two floats are connected to the central body 1, respectively by two arms 4 and 5 which are secured at one point on the two floats 2 and 3 and by connecting means on the central body 1.
  • a mast holder 6 in which is able to position a mast 7 for supporting at least one sail 8 which can be tensioned, by example by handle means 9, such as the element known under the term of wishbone.
  • tensioners 10 and 11 which make it possible to give them the necessary rigidity, while nevertheless leaving them a certain flexibility in order to be able to absorb the forces or the shocks which they will undergo when such a boat is called. to move on the liquid element.
  • the two floats 2 and 3 can be associated respectively with drift means 13 and 14.
  • This central body 1 is essentially constituted by a longitudinal beam 20 comprising at least two parts 21 and 22. These two parts 21 and 22 are abutted according to a first junction surface substantially defined at 23. These two parts 21 and 22 substantially affect the shape of a circular arc, the first part 21 of which has a radius of curvature, for example R1, having a certain relatively small value, while the second part 22, also having the general shape of a circular arc, has a radius curvature R2 whose value is significantly greater than the value of R1 defined above.
  • R1 radius of curvature
  • This central body is intended to constitute a part of the structure allowing a certain flotation.
  • the beam is advantageously tubular and of circular, oval or triangular section and is closed at both ends to allow it to float.
  • the buoyancy appears in relation to a level 24 of the water over which such a boat structure is able to move.
  • end 25 of the second longest part of the two parts forming the beam possibly includes a rudder 26 pivotally mounted at this end 25.
  • a rudder 26 pivotally mounted at this end 25. This can be optionally maneuvered by any arm element as schematically illustrated in 27.
  • a traction cable 30 allowing to exert at each end a certain force .
  • This cable 30 can be connected by a plurality of sub-tensioners such as 31 and 32 distributed over the length of the beam, to allow a certain rigidity to be obtained over the length of this cable 30 and to prevent it from being able to deform or get out of his plan.
  • the first part 21 having the smallest radius of curvature R1 will constitute the bow or the bow of the boat, while the longest part will in fact constitute the bow which will be more or less in contact with the surface 24 of the water as a function of the speed reached by the boat.
  • the latter at high speed, will only take support on the water through its floats 2 and 3.
  • a mast-carrying element 40 pivotally mounted about an axis 41 advantageously perpendicular to the plane in which the curved axis of the beam 20 is contained.
  • the support bearings of this axis 41 are positioned relative to the beam 20 by means, for example, of two spacers 42, 43, forming a trestle to allow this mast-carrying element 40 to be able to pivot around this axis 41 which must remain in position relatively fixed with respect to the beam 20.
  • the rotation of this mast carrier 40 as described above obviously has the advantage of making it possible to place the mast 7 in cooperation with the other elements of the structure, in a very easy. Straightening by rotation of the latter to its nor position male is then much easier, without the use of this boat requiring the help of outside help.
  • this mast-carrying element must include means for blocking its end 44 relative to the beam 20, so that, when the mast is positioned in the mast-carrying element 40, as illustrated in FIG. 3A , it is in the normal position that a mast should have in relation to such a type of boat.
  • These locking means 44 are simply illustrated, in particular in FIG. 3B, by a pawl 46 which can cooperate with a corresponding notch 47 produced in the end 44 of the mast-carrying element 40.
  • this mast-carrying element 40 is constituted by a tubular element comprising a hollow housing, open at at least one end 48, and capable of receiving the end 50 of the mast 7 which can thus be positioned simply by plugging into the housing produced in the mast holder 40.
  • the mast holder can be opened at its two ends and, when it is in a determined position, to position the mast correctly as shown in FIG. 3A, l end 44 may correspond to an opening 49 in beam 20, so that the mast has at least one part which completely passes through the hollow housing of the mast-carrying element 40 and that a small part of short length of its end 50 can cooperate with the orifice 49 produced in the beam 20.
  • the end 50 can pass right through the beam 20, so as to be able to cooperate, as will be explained below , especially next to the Figur e 4, with a tensioning cable of the articulation arms as illustrated and which will be described in more detail, in particular with regard to FIGS. 5A and 5B.
  • the orifice 49 produced in the beam, whether or not it passes through, will be lined in a sealed manner so as not to compromise the flotation of the beam when it is hollow, as mentioned above.
  • the hollow housing thus produced in the mast holder 40 will be a cylindrical housing of revolution allowing the mast 7 - its end 50 having a cross section complementary to that of the housing - to be able to turn on itself around its longitudinal axis 53, when it is positioned in its mast holder 40.
  • This advantage will appear in more detail in particular in the description of Figure 6A.
  • the structure also comprises two lateral arms 4 and 5. These are more particularly represented in FIG. 4 where these two lateral arms 4 and 5 are formed in one and the same rod 60 affecting the shape of an arc of a circle and positioned in cooperation with the body 1, so that the middle 61 of this rod is substantially located near the mast holder 40 and its axis of rotation 41 as defined above, for example slightly forward so as not to prevent the rotation of the mast holder as described above.
  • This rod 60 can thus be fixed in its middle 61 to the spacer means 42 and 43 by any means, and in particular, for example, by a clamp 69.
  • This rod is defined in a plane and is positioned relative to to the beam 20 so that a first plane containing the rod 60 and a second plane containing the axis of the beam 20 are substantially perpendicular but that, in addition, its two ends are slightly in front of the end 28 constituting the front of the boat, so that an imaginary line 64 passing through the two ends 62 and 63 of the rod 60 is substantially tangent to the first curved part 21 of the beam, substantially in its middle 65, as this appears in particular with regard to Figures 1 and 2. It will of course be possible to use a rod having a smaller radius of curvature so that the imaginary line 64 passes below the curved part 21 of the beam 20. This will depend essentially ent constructive modalities.
  • the general shape of an arc and the position of the rod 60 are particularly advantageous for connecting the floats as has been said previously, because the shocks which these floats undergo are thus transmitted to the arms, while allowing the beam to be subjected 20 rotations or twists substantially around a horizontal axis perpendicular to the second plane containing the beam 20 and thus to be able to constitute a relatively rigid structure but despite everything flexible enough to absorb the energy of shocks due in particular to waves, before this energy is not transmitted to the body 1 proper.
  • this rod 60 its two ends 62 and 63 are connected by a second tensioning cable 66 which is essentially contained in the second plane as defined above and connected at a plurality of points to the rod 60 in its middle part by sub-tensioners such as 67, 68, etc ...
  • this tensioning cable is positioned in such a way that it can pass under the beam 20 with respect to this rod 60 and at the level of the orifice 49 crossing the beam 20 in such a way that, as explained above and illustrated more particularly in Figure 4, when the mast 7 is positioned in its mast holder 40, its end 50 of small diameter may possibly abut against this second tensioner 66, possibly even deform it as shown in dotted lines, to accentuate the tension at the two ends 62 and 63, and moreover allow despite this rod 60 to be able to deform by tending to straighten, for example under the action of shocks applied to the floats.
  • the two characteristics defined above respectively the shape of the rod 60 and the position of the mast 7 on the tensioner 66, contribute doubly to absorb the forces on the floats when the boat encounters, for example, waves of a certain amplitude. .
  • the two lateral arms 4 and 5 respectively support the floats 2 and 3.
  • a float for example the float 3 connected to the arm 5.
  • This float is constituted, for example, by a hollow enclosure to allow flotation, but also of substantially profiled exterior shape for better penetration in water.
  • Such a float has no particular characteristics and is well known in itself.
  • its middle part 70 is constituted by a cylindrical part of revolution surrounded by a sleeve 71 which supports, fixed laterally, the drift means 14, such as for example hydrofoils or drifts , or drift tails, or other well-known elements making it possible to give stability in the advance of the boat and possibly to obtain, in addition, an improvement in the propulsion of the boat, for example by means of hydrofoils, for lifting the entire structure as much as possible above the waves and thus limit the frictional forces on the water.
  • the drift means 14 such as for example hydrofoils or drifts , or drift tails, or other well-known elements making it possible to give stability in the advance of the boat and possibly to obtain, in addition, an improvement in the propulsion of the boat, for example by means of hydrofoils, for lifting the entire structure as much as possible above the waves and thus limit the frictional forces on the water.
  • FIG. 5B represents a block diagram showing the position of two floats with respect to the body 1, sketched on this figure so as not to weigh it down.
  • this type of boat is mainly intended for leisure more than high competition. Consequently, these boats must be able to be brought to all places and in particular to the beaches. In this case, for the ease of transport of such a structure, especially on the sand, it is advantageous to be able to erase or retract the drift elements or hydrofoils such as those illustrated and described in Figure 5A, to prevent the boat does not rest on the sand directly on them and rather rests on the floats.
  • the pivoting sleeve 71 is associated with at least two traction cables 73 and 74 fixed at least at one point to the sleeve 71, for example at point 75, and the two ends are associated with said sleeve so that the two cables can exert tensile forces in two diametrical planes not confused.
  • the two cables can exert tensile forces in two diametrical planes not confused.
  • these two cables 73 and 74 may be connected to two winch means to obtain, as illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 5B, the same simultaneous traction on the two sleeves 71 associated with each of the floats and thus obtain synchronization of the brought drift elements 13,14, either in the lowered position, or in the raised position.
  • These winch means schematically represented at 72 in FIG. 5B are known and do not pose any difficulty to those skilled in the art. They will therefore not be described more fully here.
  • the edge 80 of the sail 8 is fixed longitudinally along the mast 7.
  • the sail instead of being lowered as in conventional sailboats, is wrapped directly around the mast. To be able to unroll it, it suffices for example to exert traction on its end 81 and, in this case, the mast begins to pivot in order to unroll the sail 8.
  • handle means 82 are associated with the mast 7.
  • handle means 82 can advantageously consist of an element well known under the name of wishbone 83.
  • a wishbone is essentially formed by two substantially parallel tubes 84 and 85 connected respectively at their ends 86 and 87, the end 87 being able to be pivotally mounted, around a secondary sleeve 88 for example, on the mast holder 40.
  • the end 81 of the sail 8 is associated with a traction cable consisting of a cable 89, one end 90 of which is linked to the end 81, passing for example through an eyelet 100, and the other end of which is linked to the mast, for example in its lower part 91.
  • This traction cable comprises different elements which are, for example, a first pulley element 92 rotatably attached to the end 86 of the wishbone furthest from the mast, the cable 89 passing on the has a pulley 92 and is then wound on the lower part 91 of the mast in a direction which is opposite to that in which the sail 8 was wound.
  • these cables are associated with tensioner means 93, such as those illustrated in particular in Figure 6A and in more detail in Figure 6B.
  • tensioner means 93 may consist, in association with a wishbone 83, of a sliding rod 94 with which are associated two pads 95 and 96 forming guide rollers and capable of cooperating respectively with the two tubes 84 and 85 forming the wishbone.
  • rollers 95 and 96 in addition to their rotation, can move laterally on the rod 94, as indicated by the arrows 101 and 102, so as to be able to be constantly in cooperation with the two lateral arms of the wishbone which are generally of substantially shaped in an arc. Between these two rollers 95 and 96 is disposed a guide roller 97 under which passes a portion 103 of the cable 89. This roller 97 can even be associated with a loop 105 of the cable 89 which cooperates by sliding in eyelets 106, 107, made on the lower edge 104 of the sail 8. In this way, by moving this rod more or less 94, it is possible to enlarge the loop 105 more or less and therefore to obtain variations in the tension of the cable 89 up to to a desired value which gives the sail the desired tension.
  • this boat can be used in complete safety, and for all of its possibilities, it is advantageous to provide, from the outset or during manufacture, on its basic means which constitute the oblong body and the lateral arms, means attachment of different elements, to allow navigation, whether of the fittings, the rigging. or the pipe, etc. It is more advantageous to provide these attachment means adapted to the elements which must come to cooperate with these means.
  • first hooking means 200 for a seat 201 on which a potential user of such a boat can sit.
  • These fixing means 200 can be constituted, in an advantageous embodiment, by a threaded part 202 secured by welding, for example, to the upper end 203 of the part 22, this threaded part 202 passing through an orifice 204, for example square, from the edge 205 of the seat 201. This edge 205 is then sandwiched between the upper end 203 of the part 22 of the oblong body 1 and, for example, a nut 206.
  • the seat 201 is adapted to form a slightly hollow shell so that the user of the boat can sit properly and, moreover, also wedge slightly.
  • This rear part 25 of the part 22 of the oblong body 1 can therefore comprise, on each side, at equal distance, at an average length for the legs of people able to use such a type of boat, hooking means 210 and 211 two note pads 212 and 213 respectively.
  • hooking means 215 consisting for example of an output tab 250 of a ball joint 216.
  • This tab 250 is secured, for example by welding, of the end 25 of part 22, at a point located near the seat 201, on the face 252 of the oblong body 1 opposite that 253 on which this seat is hung.
  • the other tab 251 of the ball joint 216 is integral with the edge 218 of a plate 217 advantageously profiled hydrodynamically.
  • the plate 217 can take any position in a solid cone 229 the apex of which is centered on the point of rotation of the ball joint 216.
  • this profiled plate 217 can be used for several functions: as a supporting plane to stabilize the boat and as a rudder, by tilting it in the desired directions, on one side of the navigation line given by the longitudinal axis of the body 1 and in a non-horizontal plane. These two movements are represented, for stabilization, by displacements along arrow 227, and for rotations in oblique planes on either side of oblong body 1, by arrow 228.
  • This plate 217 therefore advantageously replaces the rudder as briefly described and referenced 26 and 27 above with reference to Figure 3A.
  • an advantageous means for controlling the position and the orientation of this plate 217 is constituted by a circular ring 220 which is secured substantially at at least one point 221 of this plate 217, substantially in its middle.
  • This ring has a sufficient radius so that it can surround the seat and the person when the latter is seated on this seat, for all the possible positions that this plate 217 can take, both as a stabilizer and as a rudder, when it is moved into its previously mentioned solid cone.
  • the structure comprises a link 222 fixed at one of its ends 223 at a point 224 substantially diametrically opposite to point 221 on which the plate 217 is attached. 'other end 225 of this link 222 passing through a pulley 226 fixed to the front of the seat 201, substantially at the level of the fixing means 200 so that the user can then, as easily as possible, pull up on this link 222 which is at its scope.
  • attachment means have been given in the case of cooperation with a seat, a rudder and toe clips.
  • the arms 4 and 5 could be constituted by beams of generally cylindrical shape of revolution.
  • the shape of the section of these arms is illustrated in Figure 8 which is a simplified section along the plane referenced A-A in Figure 9, which shows the general shape of the boat structure according to the invention.
  • the circular shape of the arm 5 makes it possible to achieve, with its external surface, a pulley-shaped hooking function in particular for the sub-tensioners 67, 68 like those which are connected to the tensioning cables 12 and 66.
  • the tensioning cable 12 going around the ends of the structure of the boat and the tensioning cable 66 connecting the two ends remote from the two arms 4 and 5, are connected by sub-tensioning cables 230 of which one of the ends 231 is fixed to the portion of cable 12 passing substantially on one side of the arm 5 (or 4), and the other end 232 of which is fixed to the other portion of the tensioning cable 12 located on the other side of the arm 5, this sub- tensioner 230 having trapped in a free complete loop 233, both the beam of the arm 5 and the tensioner cable 66 connecting the two ends of the two arms.
  • This attachment means being easy to perform, it also allows the tension cable 66 to be left free by sliding with respect to the sub-tension cable which links it to the two arms.
  • the tensioning cable 66 can therefore slide over the interior of the loops 233 of the tensioning cables arranged all along these arms to thereby distribute the forces all along the arms and on all the tensioning cables instead of having these forces absorbed only by the first tensioning cables closer to the float having suffered this shock.
  • All of these fabrics 240 are stretched and hung between the different portions of the tensioning cable 12 and pass, for example, above the tensioning cable 11 to be hung, at one end, near the seat 201, and, at the other end, on the arms 4 and 5.
  • the front of this structure may also include a canvas 240 stretched between these same two arms 4 and 5 and the portions of the tensioning cable 12 which are connected to the front of the body oblong 1.
  • These fixing means can be, in an advantageous embodiment, the ends 241 of sub-tension cables 242 arranged and distributed all along the central beam and arms 4 and 5, in association with the tension cables 10, 11, 12
  • These ends 241 include hooks 243 passing through eyelets 244 produced on the edge of the fabrics 240. This makes it possible to hang and tension the fabrics, for example between the two portions of the tensioning cable 12 located on either side of the center line of this boat structure.

Abstract

A pleasure boat structure comprises an oblong central body (1), two floats (2, 3), two lateral longitudinal arms (4, 5) a first end of which is secured to said body and two other ends are associated respectively with said two floats (2, 3). This structure is characterized in that said body (1) is comprised of a beam (20) consisting of two parts (21, 22) which are butted to each other at a junction surface (23), the relatively short part (21) substantially configured as a circle of an arc having a first curvature radius value, the longer part (22) substantially configured as an arc of a circle having a second curvature radius value considerably higher than the first value.

Description

La présente invention concerne les bateaux du type bateaux de plaisance, et plus particulièrement les bateaux du type à voile comme, par exemple, les trimarans.The present invention relates to boats of the pleasure craft type, and more particularly to the sailing type boats such as, for example, trimarans.

La pratique de la voile constitue non seulement un loisir, mais aussi un sport pour la plupart de ses adeptes. Pour l'activité sportive de haut niveau proprement dite, il existe bien entendu des bateaux très performants réservés à une élite. En effet, ces bateaux sont très onéreux et donc, en principe, accessibles seulement à un très petit nombre de personnes. Il existe, à côté de ces bateaux performants, des voiliers qui permettent de s'initier à la technique de la voile, mais aussi de pouvoir se déplacer. Entre ces deux catégories, il en existe une, intermédiaire, où des initiés peuvent s'adonner à leur loisir en obtenant des performances intéressantes. Pour eux, il est nécessaire de posséder des bateaux dont les performances soient relativement élevées, mais hélas, le prix qu'ils doivent mettre pour pouvoir acquérir un tel bateau est prohibitif, ce qui fait que la plupart d'entre eux ne peuvent pas s'adonner à leur sport favori.The practice of sailing is not only a leisure, but also a sport for most of its followers. For the high level sporting activity proper, there are of course high performance boats reserved for an elite. Indeed, these boats are very expensive and therefore, in principle, accessible only to a very small number of people. There are, alongside these high-performance boats, sailboats that allow you to learn the technique of sailing, but also to be able to move. Between these two categories, there is one, intermediate, where initiates can devote themselves to their leisure by obtaining interesting performances. For them, it is necessary to have boats whose performance is relatively high, but alas, the price they must put to be able to acquire such a boat is prohibitive, which makes that most of them cannot s to indulge in their favorite sport.

La présente invention a donc pour but de réaliser une structure de bateau du type à voiles, comme un trimaran, offrant des performances sportives très intéressantes tout en ayant une conception très simple permettant un transport facile, un démontage et un remontage très aisés. Cette structure, du fait de ses qualités, permet d'arriver à un prix de revient très nettement inférieur à celui des bateaux ayant ou pouvant avoir des performances comparables.The present invention therefore aims to achieve a structure of the sailing type boat, like a trimaran, offering very interesting sporting performance while having a very simple design allowing easy transport, disassembly and reassembly very easy. This structure, because of its qualities, makes it possible to arrive at a cost price very much lower than that of boats having or being able to have comparable performances.

Plus précisément, la présente invention a pour objet une structure de bateau selon le préambule de la revendication 1 comportant un corps central oblong, deux flotteurs, deux bras longitudinaux latéraux dont une de leurs extrémités est solidarisée audit corps par des premiers moyens de fixation et des second et troisième moyens de liaison des deux autres extrémités desdits bras avec respectivement les deux dits flotteurs. Un bateau présentant une structure de ce type a notamment été décrit dans le brevet GB-A-922.065 (Welman).More specifically, the subject of the present invention is a boat structure according to the preamble of claim 1 comprising an oblong central body, two floats, two lateral longitudinal arms, one of their ends of which is secured to said body by first fixing means and second and third means for connecting the two other ends of said arms with the two said floats respectively. A boat having a structure of this type has in particular been described in patent GB-A-922,065 (Welman).

La structure de bateau selon l'invention et conforme à la partie caractérisante de la revendication 1 se caractérise par le fait que ledit corps est constitué d'une poutre comportant deux parties aboutées l'une à l'autre suivant une surface de jonction, une première partie relativement courte de forme sensiblement en arc de cercle ayant une première valeur de courbure R1, une deuxième partie plus longue que ·la première partie, de forme sensiblement en arc de cercle ayant une deuxième valeur R2 de rayon de courbure nettement plus grande que la première valeur R1.The boat structure according to the invention and in accordance with the characterizing part of claim 1 is characterized by the fact that said body consists of a beam comprising two parts abutted to one another along a junction surface, a first part relatively short in shape substantially in an arc having a first value of curvature R1, a second part longer than · the first part, in shape substantially in an arc having a second value R2 of radius of curvature significantly greater than the first value R1.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle de la présente invention, ladite structure se caractérise aussi par le fait que les deux dits bras sont constitués par une tige courbe située dans un premier plan sensiblement perpendiculaire à un deuxième plan contenant ladite poutre, ledit premier plan passant au voisinage de ladite surface de jonction des deux dites parties, les longueurs des deux parties de ladite tige situées de part et d'autre dudit deuxième plan étant sensiblement égales, ces deux dites parties de ladite tige constituant les deux dits bras.According to an additional characteristic of the present invention, said structure is also characterized in that the two said arms consist of a curved rod situated in a first plane substantially perpendicular to a second plane containing said beam, said first plane passing in the vicinity of said junction surface of the two said parts, the lengths of the two parts of said rod located on either side of said second plane being substantially equal, these two said parts of said rod constituting the two said arms.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle de la présente invention, ladite structure se caractérise aussi par le fait qu'elle comporte un porte-mât pivotant dans ledit deuxième plan autour d'un axe situé sensiblement à proximité de ladite tige et des moyens de blocage dudit porte-mât dans une position déterminée par rapport à ladite poutre.According to an additional characteristic of the present invention, said structure is also characterized by the fact that it comprises a mast carrier pivoting in said second plane around an axis located substantially near said rod and means for blocking said carrier. mast in a determined position with respect to said beam.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle de la présente invention ; ladite structure se caractérise aussi par le fait que lesdits flotteurs sont constitués par un premier corps comportant au moins une portion médiane sensiblement cylindrique de révolution, un manchon situé sur ladite portion médiane de section sensiblement complémentaire de celle de ladite portion médiane, de façon à être apte à pivoter autour de cette portion médiane, des moyens de dérive montés en coopération avec ledit manchon et des moyens pour commander le pivotement dudit manchon.According to an additional feature of the present invention; said structure is also characterized by the fact that said floats are constituted by a first body comprising at least one substantially cylindrical middle portion of revolution, a sleeve located on said middle portion of section substantially complementary to that of said middle portion, so as to be able to pivot around this middle portion, drift means mounted in cooperation with said sleeve and means for controlling the pivoting of said sleeve.

Selon une caractéristique additionnelle de la présente invention, ladite structure se caractérise par le fait qu'elle comporte, en association avec au moins un desdits corps central oblong et deux bras, des moyens prédisposés d'accrochage d'éléments de navigation et au moins un élément de navigation coopérant avec lesdits moyens d'accrochage.According to an additional characteristic of the present invention, said structure is characterized in that it comprises, in association with at least one of said oblong central body and two arms, predisposed means for hooking navigation elements and at least one navigation element cooperating with said attachment means.

D'autres caractéristiques additionnelles et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront dans la description suivante donnée en regard des dessins annexés à titre illustratif mais nullement limitatif, dans lesquels :

  • - les Figures 1 et 2 représentent respectivement, en vue partiellement de côté, en perspective et de dessus, un mode de réalisation d'une structure de bateau selon l'invention, du type trimaran avec une partie centrale bordée de part et d'autre par deux flotteurs reliés à la partie centrale par deux bras,
  • - Les Figures 3A et 3B représentent plus en détail la partie centrale du mode de réalisation selon les Figures 1 et 2.
  • - la Figure 4 représente une vue des deux bras du mode de réalisation selon les Figures 1 et 2,
  • - les Figures 5A et 5B représentent plus en détail les flotteurs tels que représentés sur le mode de réalisation selon les Figures 1 et 2, et
  • - les Figures 6A et 6B représentent plus en détail les éléments du mât et la voile aptes à être montés sur la structure de bateau comme représentée sur les Figures 1 et 2,
  • - les Figures 7A et 7B représentent un détail de réalisation concernant essentiellement les moyens pour gouverner le bateau,
  • - la Figure 8 représente un détail de réalisation d'une autre caractéristique selon la présente invention, pour permettre de mieux répartir des efforts lors d'une navigation sur une surface comportant, par exemple, des vagues,
  • - la Figure 9 représente un dernier détail de réalisation d'une caractéristique supplémentaire permettant, d'une façon très légère, d'augmenter avantageusement la surface utile de pont pour un tel bateau, en accord avec la présente invention.
Other additional characteristics and advantages of the present invention will appear in the following description given with reference to the drawings annexed by way of illustration but in no way limitative, in which:
  • - Figures 1 and 2 respectively show, partially in side view, in perspective and from above, an embodiment of a boat structure according to the invention, of the trimaran type with a central part bordered on either side by two floats connected to the central part by two arms,
  • - Figures 3A and 3B show in more detail the central part of the embodiment according to Figures 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4 represents a view of the two arms of the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 and 2,
  • - Figures 5A and 5B show in more detail the floats as shown in the embodiment according to Figures 1 and 2, and
  • FIGS. 6A and 6B show in more detail the elements of the mast and the sail suitable for being mounted on the boat structure as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
  • - Figures 7A and 7B show a detail of realization essentially concerning the means to govern the boat,
  • FIG. 8 represents a detail of an embodiment of another characteristic according to the present invention, in order to better distribute forces during navigation on a surface comprising, for example, waves,
  • - Figure 9 shows a final detail of an additional feature allowing, in a very slight way, to advantageously increase the useful deck area for such a boat, in accordance with the present invention.

Il est tout d'abord précisé que l'ensemble des figures représente un seul et même mode de réalisation d'une structure de bateau selon l'invention. En conséquence, les mêmes références désignent les mêmes éléments et, pour la compréhension de la description, il sera intéressant de se reporter à l'une ou l'autre des figures où ledit élément référencé apparaît le mieux.It is firstly specified that all of the figures represent a single and same embodiment of a boat structure according to the invention. Consequently, the same references designate the same elements and, for the understanding of the description, it will be interesting to refer to one or the other of the figures where said referenced element appears best.

En se référant plus particulièrement aux Figures 1 et 2, celles-ci représentent, dans deux vues différentes, l'une en perspective légèrement de côté et l'autre de dessus, un mode de réalisation d'une structure de bateau du type trimaran, comportant un corps central 1 bordé de part et d'autre par deux flotteurs 2 et 3. Ces deux flotteurs sont reliés au corps central 1, respectivement par deux bras 4 et 5 qui sont solidarisés en un point sur les deux flotteurs 2 et 3 et par des moyens de liaison sur le corps central 1. A ces éléments décrits ci-dessus sont associés un porte-mât 6 dans lequel est apte à se positionner un mât 7 de support d'au moins une voile 8 qui peut être tendue, par exemple par des moyens de manche 9, tel l'élément connu sous le terme de wishbone. Ces éléments de structure sont renforcés par des moyens de tendeurs 10 et 11 qui permettent de leur donner une rigidité nécessaire, tout en leur laissant néanmoins une certaine souplesse pour pouvoir absorber les efforts ou les chocs qu'ils subiront lorsqu'un tel bateau sera appelé à se mouvoir sur l'élément liquide.Referring more particularly to FIGS. 1 and 2, these represent, in two different views, one in perspective slightly from the side and the other from above, an embodiment of a boat structure of the trimaran type, comprising a central body 1 bordered on either side by two floats 2 and 3. These two floats are connected to the central body 1, respectively by two arms 4 and 5 which are secured at one point on the two floats 2 and 3 and by connecting means on the central body 1. These elements described above are associated with a mast holder 6 in which is able to position a mast 7 for supporting at least one sail 8 which can be tensioned, by example by handle means 9, such as the element known under the term of wishbone. These structural elements are reinforced by means of tensioners 10 and 11 which make it possible to give them the necessary rigidity, while nevertheless leaving them a certain flexibility in order to be able to absorb the forces or the shocks which they will undergo when such a boat is called. to move on the liquid element.

Il sera observé par ailleurs, en se reportant plus particulièrement à la Figure 2, que d'autres moyens de tendeurs 12 vont d'une extrémité à l'autre du corps central 1 en passant par chaque extrémité des bras 4 et 5. Ces moyens de tendeurs qui relient ainsi chaque extrémité des éléments de structure de l'invention, permettent de solidariser étroitement ces éléments entre eux et d'accroître la rigidité de l'ensemble sans nuire à la souplesse de celui-ci.It will also be observed, with particular reference to Figure 2, that other tensioner means 12 go from one end to the other of the central body 1 passing through each end of the arms 4 and 5. These means tensioners which thus connect each end of the structural elements of the invention, allow these elements to be tightly joined together and to increase the rigidity of the assembly without harming the flexibility thereof.

Aux deux flotteurs 2 et 3 peuvent être associés respectivement des moyens de dérive 13 et 14.The two floats 2 and 3 can be associated respectively with drift means 13 and 14.

Tous ces éléments tels que rappelés ci-dessus vont être décrits plus en détail par référence aux autres figures annexées à la présente description.All of these elements as recalled above will be described in more detail with reference to the other figures appended to this description.

En se référant plus particulièrement aux Figures 1, 3A et 3B de la présente description, celles-ci représentent la partie du corps central 1 telle qu'évoquée ci-dessus. Ce corps central 1 est essentiellement constitué par une poutre longitudinale 20 comportant au moins deux parties 21 et 22. Ces deux parties 21 et 22 sont aboutées selon une première surface de jonction sensiblement définie en 23. Ces deux parties 21 et 22 affectent sensiblement la forme d'un arc de cercle dont la première partie 21 a un rayon de courbure, par exemple R1, ayant une certaine valeur relativement faible, tandis que la seconde partie 22, affectant aussi la forme générale d'un arc de cercle, a un rayon de courbure R2 dont la valeur est nettement supérieure à la valeur de R1 défini ci-dessus.Referring more particularly to Figures 1, 3A and 3B of the present description, these represent the part of the central body 1 as mentioned above. This central body 1 is essentially constituted by a longitudinal beam 20 comprising at least two parts 21 and 22. These two parts 21 and 22 are abutted according to a first junction surface substantially defined at 23. These two parts 21 and 22 substantially affect the shape of a circular arc, the first part 21 of which has a radius of curvature, for example R1, having a certain relatively small value, while the second part 22, also having the general shape of a circular arc, has a radius curvature R2 whose value is significantly greater than the value of R1 defined above.

Ce corps central est destiné à constituer une partie de la structure permettant une certaine flottaison. Aussi, la poutre est avantageusement tubulaire et de section circulaire, ovale ou triangulaire et est fermée aux deux extrémités pour lui permettre une flottaison. Par exemple, sur la Figure 3A, la flottaison apparaît par rapport à un niveau 24 de l'eau sur laquelle est apte à se déplacer une telle structure de bateau.This central body is intended to constitute a part of the structure allowing a certain flotation. Also, the beam is advantageously tubular and of circular, oval or triangular section and is closed at both ends to allow it to float. For example, in FIG. 3A, the buoyancy appears in relation to a level 24 of the water over which such a boat structure is able to move.

De plus, l'extrémité 25 de la deuxième partie la plus longue des deux parties formant la poutre comporte éventuellement un gouvernail 26 monté pivotant à cette extrémité 25. Celui-ci peut être éventuellement manoeuvré par n'importe quel élément de bras tel que schématiquement illustré en 27. Cependant, on utilisera de préférence un gouvernail du type de celui qui sera décrit ci-après par référence aux Figures 7A et 7B.In addition, the end 25 of the second longest part of the two parts forming the beam possibly includes a rudder 26 pivotally mounted at this end 25. This can be optionally maneuvered by any arm element as schematically illustrated in 27. However, it is preferable to use a rudder of the type which will be described below with reference to FIGS. 7A and 7B.

Pour donner une certaine rigidité à cette poutre qui a tendance, du fait de son élasticité naturelle, à se détendre, les deux extrémités de la poutre 28 et 29 sont reliées par un câble de traction 30 permettant d'exercer à chaque extrémité une certaine force. Ce câble 30 pourra être relié par une pluralité de sous-tendeurs tels que 31 et 32 répartis sur la longueur de la poutre, pour permettre d'obtenir une certaine rigidité sur la longueur de ce câble 30 et éviter qu'il puisse se déformer ou sortir de son plan.To give a certain rigidity to this beam which tends, because of its natural elasticity, to relax, the two ends of the beam 28 and 29 are connected by a traction cable 30 allowing to exert at each end a certain force . This cable 30 can be connected by a plurality of sub-tensioners such as 31 and 32 distributed over the length of the beam, to allow a certain rigidity to be obtained over the length of this cable 30 and to prevent it from being able to deform or get out of his plan.

D'une façon générale, la première partie 21 ayant le rayon de courbure R1 le plus petit constituera l'avant ou la proue du bateau, tandis que la partie la plus longue constituera, en fait, l'étrave qui sera plus ou moins en contact avec la surface 24 de l'eau en fonction de la vitesse atteinte par le bateau. Ce dernier, à grande vitesse, ne prendra appui sur l'eau que par l'intermédiaire de ses flotteurs 2 et 3.Generally, the first part 21 having the smallest radius of curvature R1 will constitute the bow or the bow of the boat, while the longest part will in fact constitute the bow which will be more or less in contact with the surface 24 of the water as a function of the speed reached by the boat. The latter, at high speed, will only take support on the water through its floats 2 and 3.

A proximité de la surface de jonction 23 telle que définie précédemment, est disposé un élément porte-mât 40 monté pivotant autour d'un axe 41 avantageusement perpendiculaire au plan dans lequel est contenu l'axe courbe de la poutre 20. Les paliers de soutènement de cet axe 41 sont positionnés par rapport à la poutre 20 au moyen, par exemple, de deux entretoises 42, 43, formant un tréteau pour permettre à cet élément porte-mât 40 de pouvoir pivoter autour de cet axe 41 qui doit rester en position relativement fixe par rapport à la poutre 20. La rotation de ce porte-mât 40 telle que décrite ci-dessus présente de façon évidente l'avantage de permettre de placer le mât 7 en coopération avec les autres éléments de la structure, de façon très aisée. Le redressement par rotation de celui-ci jusqu'à sa position normale est alors beaucoup-plus facile, sans que l'utilisation de ce bateau nécessite de faire appel à une aide extérieure.Near the junction surface 23 as defined above, is disposed a mast-carrying element 40 pivotally mounted about an axis 41 advantageously perpendicular to the plane in which the curved axis of the beam 20 is contained. The support bearings of this axis 41 are positioned relative to the beam 20 by means, for example, of two spacers 42, 43, forming a trestle to allow this mast-carrying element 40 to be able to pivot around this axis 41 which must remain in position relatively fixed with respect to the beam 20. The rotation of this mast carrier 40 as described above obviously has the advantage of making it possible to place the mast 7 in cooperation with the other elements of the structure, in a very easy. Straightening by rotation of the latter to its nor position male is then much easier, without the use of this boat requiring the help of outside help.

De plus, cet élément porte-mât doit comporter des moyens de blocage de son extrémité 44 par rapport à la poutre 20, de telle façon que, lorsque le mât est positionné dans l'élément porte-mât 40, comme illustré sur la Figure 3A, celui-ci soit dans la position normale que doit avoir un mât par rapport à un tel type de bateau. Ces moyens de blocage 44 sont simplement illustrés, notamment sur la Figure 3B, par un cliquet 46 pouvant coopérer avec une encoche correspondante 47 réalisée dans l'extrémité 44 de l'élément porte-mât 40.In addition, this mast-carrying element must include means for blocking its end 44 relative to the beam 20, so that, when the mast is positioned in the mast-carrying element 40, as illustrated in FIG. 3A , it is in the normal position that a mast should have in relation to such a type of boat. These locking means 44 are simply illustrated, in particular in FIG. 3B, by a pawl 46 which can cooperate with a corresponding notch 47 produced in the end 44 of the mast-carrying element 40.

De façon avantageuse, cet élément porte-mât 40 est constitué par un élément tubulaire comportant un logement en creux, ouvert à au moins une extrémité 48, et apte à recevoir l'extrémité 50 du mât 7 qui peut ainsi se positionner simplement par enfichage dans le logement réalisé dans le porte-mât 40. D'une façon avantageuse, le porte-mât peut être ouvert à ses deux extrémités et, lorsqu'il est en position déterminée, pour positionner le mât correctement comme représenté sur la Figure 3A, l'extrémité 44 peut correspondre à une ouverture 49 dans la poutre 20, de telle façon que le mât ait au moins une partie qui traverse complètement le logement en creux de l'élément porte-mât 40 et qu'une petite partie de faible longueur de son extrémité 50 puisse coopérer avec l'orifice 49 réalisé dans la poutre 20. Dans un mode encore plus avantageux, l'extrémité 50 peut traverser de part en part la poutre 20, de façon à pouvoir coopérer, comme il sera explicité ci-après, notamment en regard de la Figure 4, avec un câble tendeur des bras d'articulation tels qu'illustrés et qui seront décrits plus en détail, notamment en regard des Figures 5A et 5B. Bien entendu, l'orifice 49 réalisé dans la poutre, qu'il soit ou non traversant, sera chemisé de façon étanche pour ne pas compromettre la flottaison de la poutre quand elle est creuse, comme mentionné ci-dessus.Advantageously, this mast-carrying element 40 is constituted by a tubular element comprising a hollow housing, open at at least one end 48, and capable of receiving the end 50 of the mast 7 which can thus be positioned simply by plugging into the housing produced in the mast holder 40. Advantageously, the mast holder can be opened at its two ends and, when it is in a determined position, to position the mast correctly as shown in FIG. 3A, l end 44 may correspond to an opening 49 in beam 20, so that the mast has at least one part which completely passes through the hollow housing of the mast-carrying element 40 and that a small part of short length of its end 50 can cooperate with the orifice 49 produced in the beam 20. In an even more advantageous mode, the end 50 can pass right through the beam 20, so as to be able to cooperate, as will be explained below , especially next to the Figur e 4, with a tensioning cable of the articulation arms as illustrated and which will be described in more detail, in particular with regard to FIGS. 5A and 5B. Of course, the orifice 49 produced in the beam, whether or not it passes through, will be lined in a sealed manner so as not to compromise the flotation of the beam when it is hollow, as mentioned above.

Dans une autre forme avantageuse, le logement en creux ainsi réalisé dans le porte-mât 40 sera un logement cylindrique de révolution permettant au mât 7 - son extrémité 50 ayant une section complémentaire de celle du logement - de pouvoir tourner sur lui-même autour de son axe longitudinal 53, lorsqu'il sera positionné dans son porte-mât 40. Cet avantage apparaîtra plus en détail notamment à la description de la Figure 6A.In another advantageous form, the hollow housing thus produced in the mast holder 40 will be a cylindrical housing of revolution allowing the mast 7 - its end 50 having a cross section complementary to that of the housing - to be able to turn on itself around its longitudinal axis 53, when it is positioned in its mast holder 40. This advantage will appear in more detail in particular in the description of Figure 6A.

Comme déjà mentionné, notamment en regard des Figures 1 et 2, la structure comporte aussi deux bras latéraux 4 et 5. Ceux-ci sont plus particulièrement représentés sur la Figure 4 où ces deux bras latéraux 4 et 5 sont constitués dans une seule et même tige 60 affectant la forme d'un arc de cercle et positionnée en coopération avec le corps 1, de telle façon que le milieu 61 de cette tige soit sensiblement situé à proximité du porte-mât 40 et de son axe de rotation 41 tel que défini ci-dessus, par exemple légèrement en avant pour ne pas empêcher la rotation du porte-mât telle que décrite précédemment.As already mentioned, in particular with regard to FIGS. 1 and 2, the structure also comprises two lateral arms 4 and 5. These are more particularly represented in FIG. 4 where these two lateral arms 4 and 5 are formed in one and the same rod 60 affecting the shape of an arc of a circle and positioned in cooperation with the body 1, so that the middle 61 of this rod is substantially located near the mast holder 40 and its axis of rotation 41 as defined above, for example slightly forward so as not to prevent the rotation of the mast holder as described above.

Cette tige 60 peut ainsi être fixée en son milieu 61 sur les moyens d'entretoise 42 et 43 par tous moyens, et en particulier, par exemple, par un collier de serrage 69. Cette tige est définie dans un plan et est positionnée par rapport à la poutre 20 de telle façon qu'un premier plan contenant la tige 60 et un deuxième plan contenant l'axe de la poutre 20 soient sensiblement perpendiculaires mais que, de plus, ses deux extrémités soient légèrement en avant par rapport à l'extrémité 28 constituant l'avant du bateau, de telle façon qu'une ligne imaginaire 64 passant par les deux extrémités 62 et 63 de la tige 60 soit sensiblement tangente à la première partie courbe 21 de la poutre, sensiblement en son milieu 65, comme cela apparaît notamment en regard des Figures 1 et 2. Il sera bien entendu possible d'utiliser une tige présentant un rayon de courbure plus faible de telle façon que la ligne imaginaire 64 passe en dessous de la partie courbe 21 de la poutre 20. Ceci dépendra essentiellement des modalités constructives.This rod 60 can thus be fixed in its middle 61 to the spacer means 42 and 43 by any means, and in particular, for example, by a clamp 69. This rod is defined in a plane and is positioned relative to to the beam 20 so that a first plane containing the rod 60 and a second plane containing the axis of the beam 20 are substantially perpendicular but that, in addition, its two ends are slightly in front of the end 28 constituting the front of the boat, so that an imaginary line 64 passing through the two ends 62 and 63 of the rod 60 is substantially tangent to the first curved part 21 of the beam, substantially in its middle 65, as this appears in particular with regard to Figures 1 and 2. It will of course be possible to use a rod having a smaller radius of curvature so that the imaginary line 64 passes below the curved part 21 of the beam 20. This will depend essentially ent constructive modalities.

La forme générale en arc de cercle et la position de la tige 60 sont particulièrement avantageuses pour relier les flotteurs comme cela a été dit précédemment, car les chocs que subissent ces flotteurs sont ainsi transmis aux bras, tout en permettant de faire subir à la poutre 20 des rotations ou torsions sensiblement autour d'un axe horizontal perpendiculaire au deuxième plan contenant la poutre 20 et ainsi de pouvoir constituer une structure relativement rigide mais malgré tout assez souple pour absorber l'énergie des chocs dus notamment aux vagues, avant que cette énergie ne soit transmise au corps 1 proprement dit. Bien entendu, pour garder une certaine rigidité à cette tige 60, ses deux extrémités 62 et 63 sont reliées par un deuxième câble tendeur 66 qui est essentiellement contenu dans le deuxième plan tel que défini ci-dessus et relié en une pluralité de points à la tige 60 dans sa partie médiane par des sous-tendeurs tels que 67, 68, etc...The general shape of an arc and the position of the rod 60 are particularly advantageous for connecting the floats as has been said previously, because the shocks which these floats undergo are thus transmitted to the arms, while allowing the beam to be subjected 20 rotations or twists substantially around a horizontal axis perpendicular to the second plane containing the beam 20 and thus to be able to constitute a relatively rigid structure but despite everything flexible enough to absorb the energy of shocks due in particular to waves, before this energy is not transmitted to the body 1 proper. Of course, to maintain a certain rigidity in this rod 60, its two ends 62 and 63 are connected by a second tensioning cable 66 which is essentially contained in the second plane as defined above and connected at a plurality of points to the rod 60 in its middle part by sub-tensioners such as 67, 68, etc ...

De plus, ce câble tendeur est positionné de telle façon qu'il puisse passer sous la poutre 20 par rapport à cette tige 60 et au niveau de l'orifice 49 transversant la poutre 20 de telle façon que, comme explicité ci-avant et illustré plus particulièrement sur la Figure 4, lorsque le mât 7 est positionné dans son porte-mât 40, son extrémité 50 de faible diamètre puisse éventuellement venir buter contre ce deuxième tendeur 66, éventuellement même le déformer tel que représenté en pointillés, pour accentuer la tension aux deux extrémités 62 et 63, et de plus permettre malgré tout à cette tige 60 de pouvoir se déformer en ayant tendance à se redresser, par exemple sous l'action de chocs appliqués aux flotteurs. De cette façon, cette force due aux chocs, qui a tendance à redresser cette tige 60, est aussi partiellement absorbée par le poids du mât qui aura tendance à remonter mais qui, automatiquement, reviendra à sa position origine, ne serait-ce que sous l'effet de son poids et des efforts du tendeur tel que défini précédemment.In addition, this tensioning cable is positioned in such a way that it can pass under the beam 20 with respect to this rod 60 and at the level of the orifice 49 crossing the beam 20 in such a way that, as explained above and illustrated more particularly in Figure 4, when the mast 7 is positioned in its mast holder 40, its end 50 of small diameter may possibly abut against this second tensioner 66, possibly even deform it as shown in dotted lines, to accentuate the tension at the two ends 62 and 63, and moreover allow despite this rod 60 to be able to deform by tending to straighten, for example under the action of shocks applied to the floats. In this way, this force due to shocks, which tends to straighten this rod 60, is also partially absorbed by the weight of the mast which will tend to go up but which will automatically return to its original position, if only under the effect of its weight and the tensioner's efforts such as previously defined.

Les deux caractéristiques définies ci-dessus, respectivement la forme de la tige 60 et la position du mât 7 sur le tendeur 66, contribuent doublement à absorber les efforts sur les flotteurs quand le bateau rencontre, par exemple, des vagues d'une certaine amplitude.The two characteristics defined above, respectively the shape of the rod 60 and the position of the mast 7 on the tensioner 66, contribute doubly to absorb the forces on the floats when the boat encounters, for example, waves of a certain amplitude. .

Comme mentionné précédemment, les deux bras latéraux 4 et 5 supportent respectivement les flotteurs 2 et 3. Sur la Figure 5A est représenté un flotteur, par exemple le flotteur 3 relié au bras 5. Ce flotteur est constitué, par exemple, par une enceinte creuse pour permettre une flottaison, mais aussi de forme extérieure sensiblement profilée pour une meilleure pénétration dans l'eau. Un tel flotteur ne présente pas de caractéristiques particulières et il est bien connu en lui-même. Cependant, dans le cadre de ce mode de réalisation avantageux, sa partie médiane 70 est constituée par une partie cylindrique de révolution entourée d'un manchon 71 qui supporte, fixés latéralement, les moyens de dérive 14, comme par exemple des hydrofoils ou des dérives, ou des queues de dérive, ou d'autres éléments bien connus permettant de donner une stabilité dans l'avance du bateau et d'obtenir éventuellement, en plus, une amélioration de la propulsion du bateau, par exemple grâce aux hydrofoils, pour soulever l'ensemble de la structure au maximum au-dessus des vagues et limiter ainsi les forces de frottement sur l'eau.As mentioned previously, the two lateral arms 4 and 5 respectively support the floats 2 and 3. In FIG. 5A is shown a float, for example the float 3 connected to the arm 5. This float is constituted, for example, by a hollow enclosure to allow flotation, but also of substantially profiled exterior shape for better penetration in water. Such a float has no particular characteristics and is well known in itself. However, in the context of this advantageous embodiment, its middle part 70 is constituted by a cylindrical part of revolution surrounded by a sleeve 71 which supports, fixed laterally, the drift means 14, such as for example hydrofoils or drifts , or drift tails, or other well-known elements making it possible to give stability in the advance of the boat and possibly to obtain, in addition, an improvement in the propulsion of the boat, for example by means of hydrofoils, for lifting the entire structure as much as possible above the waves and thus limit the frictional forces on the water.

Bien entendu, comme représenté sur la Figure 5B, les deux flotteurs 2 et 3 seront symétriques, notamment par rapport au corps 1, essentiellement la poutre 20. La Figure 5B représente un schéma synoptique montrant la position de deux flotteurs par rapport au corps 1, esquissé sur cette figure pour ne pas l'alourdir.Of course, as shown in FIG. 5B, the two floats 2 and 3 will be symmetrical, in particular with respect to the body 1, essentially the beam 20. FIG. 5B represents a block diagram showing the position of two floats with respect to the body 1, sketched on this figure so as not to weigh it down.

Comme mentionné précédemment, ce type de bateau est essentiellement destiné aux loisirs plus qu'à la haute compétition. En conséquence, ces bateaux doivent pouvoir être amenés en tous lieux et notamment sur les plages. Dans ce cas, pour la facilité du transport d'une telle structure, notamment sur le sable, il est avantageux de pouvoir effacer ou escamoter les éléments de dérive ou hydrofoils tels que ceux illustrés et décrits sur la Figure 5A, pour éviter que le bateau ne repose sur le sable directement sur ceux-ci et prenne plutôt appui sur les flotteurs. Pour permettre cet effacement, le manchon pivotant 71 est associé à au moins deux câbles de traction 73 et 74 fixés au moins en un point au manchon 71, par exemple au point 75, et les deux extrémités sont associées audit manchon de façon que les deux câbles puissent exercer des forces de traction dans deux plans diamétraux non confondus. De cette façon, en exerçant une force de traction sur l'un des deux câbles 73 ou 74 on peut faire pivoter ce manchon autour de la partie médiane 70 du flotteur 3 et obtenir soit la position baissée telle que représentée en trait plein sur la Figure 5B (c'est-à-dire celle correspondant à la position normale d'avance du bateau dans l'eau), soit la position représentée en pointillés (c'est-à-dire dans une position levée pour permettre aux flotteurs de pouvoir glisser ou reposer sur un milieu solide, comme par exemple du sable).As mentioned earlier, this type of boat is mainly intended for leisure more than high competition. Consequently, these boats must be able to be brought to all places and in particular to the beaches. In this case, for the ease of transport of such a structure, especially on the sand, it is advantageous to be able to erase or retract the drift elements or hydrofoils such as those illustrated and described in Figure 5A, to prevent the boat does not rest on the sand directly on them and rather rests on the floats. To allow this erasure, the pivoting sleeve 71 is associated with at least two traction cables 73 and 74 fixed at least at one point to the sleeve 71, for example at point 75, and the two ends are associated with said sleeve so that the two cables can exert tensile forces in two diametrical planes not confused. In this way, by exerting a tensile force on one of the two cables 73 or 74, it is possible to pivot this sleeve around the middle part 70 of the float 3 and obtain either the lowered position as shown in solid lines in the Figure. 5B (that is to say that corresponding to the normal position of advance of the boat in the water), that is to say the position shown in dotted lines (that is to say in a raised position to allow the floats to be able slide or rest on a solid medium, such as sand).

Bien entendu, ces deux câbles 73 et 74 pourront être reliés à deux moyens de treuil pour obtenir, comme illustré schématiquement sur la Figure 5B, une même traction simultanée sur les deux manchons 71 associés à chacun des flotteurs et obtenir ainsi la synchronisation de l'amenée des éléments de dérive 13,14, soit en position baissée, soit en position levée. Ces moyens de treuil schématiquement représentés en 72 sur la Figure 5B sont connus et ne posent pas de difficulté à l'homme de l'art. Ils ne seront donc pas plus amplement décrits ici.Of course, these two cables 73 and 74 may be connected to two winch means to obtain, as illustrated diagrammatically in FIG. 5B, the same simultaneous traction on the two sleeves 71 associated with each of the floats and thus obtain synchronization of the brought drift elements 13,14, either in the lowered position, or in the raised position. These winch means schematically represented at 72 in FIG. 5B are known and do not pose any difficulty to those skilled in the art. They will therefore not be described more fully here.

Enfin, un tel bateau doit pouvoir avancer, par exemple par des moyens de voiles comme représentés sur la Figure 1. Dans ce mode avantageux de réalisation, le bord 80 de la voile 8 est fixé longitudinalement le long du mât 7. Comme le mât est monté dans son porte-mât et peut pivoter sur lui-même, la voile, au lieu d'être descendue comme dans les voiliers classiques, est enroulée directement autour du mât. Pour pouvoir la dérouler, il suffit par exemple d'exercer une traction sur son extrémité 81 et, dans ce cas, le mât se met à pivoter pour dérouler la voile 8.Finally, such a boat must be able to move forward, for example by means of sails as shown in FIG. 1. In this advantageous embodiment, the edge 80 of the sail 8 is fixed longitudinally along the mast 7. As the mast is mounted in its mast holder and can pivot on itself, the sail, instead of being lowered as in conventional sailboats, is wrapped directly around the mast. To be able to unroll it, it suffices for example to exert traction on its end 81 and, in this case, the mast begins to pivot in order to unroll the sail 8.

Bien entendu, pour dérouler la voile 8, on peut exercer, par exemple sur son extrémité 81, une traction manuelle. Cependant, dans une forme avantageuse de réalisation, comme illustrée sur les Figures 6A et 6B, des moyens de manche 82 sont associés au mât 7. Ces moyens de manche 82 peuvent être avantageusement constitués par un élément bien connu sous le nom de wishbone 83. un wishbone est essentiellement formé de deux tubes sensiblement parallèles 84 et 85 reliés respectivement à leurs extrémités 86 et 87, l'extrémité 87 pouvant être montée pivotante, autour d'un manchon secondaire 88 par exemple, sur le porte-mât 40. De plus, l'extrémité 81 de la voile 8 est associée à une câblerie de traction constituée par un câble 89 dont une extrémité 90 est liée à l'extrémité 81, en passant par exemple à travers un oeillet 100, et dont l'autre extrémité est liée au mât, par exemple dans sa partie basse 91. Cette câblerie de traction comporte différents éléments qui sont, par exemple, un premier élément de poulie 92 fixée rotative à l'extrémité 86 du wishbone la plus éloignée du mât, le câble 89 passant sur la poulie 92 et étant ensuite enroulé sur la partie basse 91 du mât dans un sens qui est opposé à celui dans lequel a été enroulée la voile 8.Of course, to unwind the sail 8, one can exert, for example on its end 81, manual traction. However, in an advantageous embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. 6A and 6B, handle means 82 are associated with the mast 7. These handle means 82 can advantageously consist of an element well known under the name of wishbone 83. a wishbone is essentially formed by two substantially parallel tubes 84 and 85 connected respectively at their ends 86 and 87, the end 87 being able to be pivotally mounted, around a secondary sleeve 88 for example, on the mast holder 40. Furthermore , the end 81 of the sail 8 is associated with a traction cable consisting of a cable 89, one end 90 of which is linked to the end 81, passing for example through an eyelet 100, and the other end of which is linked to the mast, for example in its lower part 91. This traction cable comprises different elements which are, for example, a first pulley element 92 rotatably attached to the end 86 of the wishbone furthest from the mast, the cable 89 passing on the has a pulley 92 and is then wound on the lower part 91 of the mast in a direction which is opposite to that in which the sail 8 was wound.

Dans ce cas, si on suppose que la voile 8 est enroulée autour du mât dans un premier sens donné, par exemple dextrorsum, on peut exercer une traction sur l'extrémité 81 par l'intermédiaire de la câblerie 89 et, comme celle-ci est guidée autour de la poulie, le mât pivote dans un autre sens, le sens senestrorsum dans l'exemple choisi. De ce fait, l'autre extrémité du câble 89 qui est fixée en 91 au mât 7 s'enroule puisque son sens d'enroulement est opposé à celui de la voile, ce qui permet ainsi au câble 89 d'être toujours relativement tendu.In this case, if it is assumed that the sail 8 is wrapped around the mast in a given first direction, for example dextrorsum, it is possible to exert traction on the end 81 by means of the cable 89 and, like this is guided around the pulley, the mast pivots in another direction, the senestrorsum direction in the example chosen. Therefore, the other end of the cable 89 which is fixed at 91 to the mast 7 is wound since its winding direction is opposite to that of the sail, which thus allows the cable 89 to be always relatively tense.

Cependant, il est bien évident que l'élasticité des différents matériaux et les variations de température ne peuvent pas toujours donner une même longueur de voile déroulée et une même longueur de câblerie enroulée autour de la partie basse 91 du mât, et réciproquement. Pour y pallier, à cette câblerie sont associés des moyens de tendeur 93, comme ceux illustrés notamment sur la Figure 6A et plus en détail sur la Figure 6B. Ces moyens peuvent être constitués, en association avec un wishbone 83, d'une tige coulissante 94 à laquelle sont associés deux patins 95 et 96 formant roulettes de guidage et pouvant coopérer respectivement avec les deux tubes 84 et 85 formant le wishbone. Ces deux roulettes 95 et 96, outre leur rotation, peuvent se déplacer latéralement sur la tige 94, comme indiqué par les flèches 101 et 102, de façon à pouvoir être constamment en coopération avec les deux bras latéraux du wishbone qui sont généralement de forme sensiblement en arc de cercle. Entre ces deux roulettes 95 et 96 est disposé un galet de guidage 97 sous lequel passe une partie 103 du câble 89. Ce galet 97 peut même être associé à une boucle 105 du câble 89 qui coopère par glissement dans des oeillets 106, 107, réalisés sur la bordure inférieure 104 de la voile 8. De cette façon, en déplaçant plus ou moins cette tige 94, il est possible d'agrandir plus ou moins la boucle 105 et donc d'obtenir des variations de la tension du câble 89 jusqu'à une valeur désirée qui donne à la voile la tension voulue.However, it is obvious that the elasticity of the different materials and the temperature variations cannot always give the same length of unwound sail and the same length of cable wrapped around the lower part 91 of the mast, and vice versa. To overcome this, these cables are associated with tensioner means 93, such as those illustrated in particular in Figure 6A and in more detail in Figure 6B. These means may consist, in association with a wishbone 83, of a sliding rod 94 with which are associated two pads 95 and 96 forming guide rollers and capable of cooperating respectively with the two tubes 84 and 85 forming the wishbone. These two rollers 95 and 96, in addition to their rotation, can move laterally on the rod 94, as indicated by the arrows 101 and 102, so as to be able to be constantly in cooperation with the two lateral arms of the wishbone which are generally of substantially shaped in an arc. Between these two rollers 95 and 96 is disposed a guide roller 97 under which passes a portion 103 of the cable 89. This roller 97 can even be associated with a loop 105 of the cable 89 which cooperates by sliding in eyelets 106, 107, made on the lower edge 104 of the sail 8. In this way, by moving this rod more or less 94, it is possible to enlarge the loop 105 more or less and therefore to obtain variations in the tension of the cable 89 up to to a desired value which gives the sail the desired tension.

Pour que ce bateau puisse être utilisé en toute sécurité, et pour toutes ses possibilités, il est avantageux de prévoir, dès l'origine ou en cours de fabrication, sur ses moyens de base que constituent le corps oblong et les bras latéraux, des moyens d'accrochage de différents éléments, pour permettre la navigation, que ce soit des éléments de l'accastillage, du gréément. ou de la conduite, etc... Il est de plus avantageux de prévoir ces moyens d'accrochage adaptés aux éléments qui doivent venir coopérer avec ces moyens.So that this boat can be used in complete safety, and for all of its possibilities, it is advantageous to provide, from the outset or during manufacture, on its basic means which constitute the oblong body and the lateral arms, means attachment of different elements, to allow navigation, whether of the fittings, the rigging. or the pipe, etc. It is more advantageous to provide these attachment means adapted to the elements which must come to cooperate with these means.

C'est ainsi que, dans un premier mode de réalisation comme illustré sur les Figures 7A et 7S. à l'extrémité arrière 25 de la partie 22 du corps oblong 1, sont prévus des premiers moyens d'accrochage 200 d'un siège 201 sur lequel peut venir s'asseoir un utilisateur potentiel d'un tel bateau. Ces moyens de fixation 200 peuvent être constitués, dans un mode avantageux de réalisation, par une partie filetée 202 solidaire par soudage, par exemple, de l'extrémité supérieure 203 de la partie 22, cette partie filetée 202 traversant un orifice 204, par exemple carré, du bord 205 du siège 201. Ce bord 205 est alors pris en sandwich entre l'extrémité supérieure 203 de la partie 22 du corps oblong 1 et, par exemple, un écrou 206.Thus, in a first embodiment as illustrated in Figures 7A and 7S. at the rear end 25 of the part 22 of the oblong body 1, there are provided first hooking means 200 for a seat 201 on which a potential user of such a boat can sit. These fixing means 200 can be constituted, in an advantageous embodiment, by a threaded part 202 secured by welding, for example, to the upper end 203 of the part 22, this threaded part 202 passing through an orifice 204, for example square, from the edge 205 of the seat 201. This edge 205 is then sandwiched between the upper end 203 of the part 22 of the oblong body 1 and, for example, a nut 206.

Le siège 201 est adapté pour former une coquille légèrement en creux pour que l'utilisateur du bateau puisse s'assoir correctement et, de plus aussi, se caler légèrement. Cette partie arrière 25 de la partie 22 du corps oblong 1 peut donc comporter, de chaque côté, à distance égale, à une longueur moyenne pour des jambes de personnes aptes à utiliser un tel type de bateau, des moyens d'accrochage 210 et 211 respectivement de deux calepieds 212 et 213.The seat 201 is adapted to form a slightly hollow shell so that the user of the boat can sit properly and, moreover, also wedge slightly. This rear part 25 of the part 22 of the oblong body 1 can therefore comprise, on each side, at equal distance, at an average length for the legs of people able to use such a type of boat, hooking means 210 and 211 two note pads 212 and 213 respectively.

Sur cette extrémité arrière 25 de la partie 22, il est aussi prévu des moyens d'accrochage 215, constitués par exemple d'une patte de sortie 250 d'une rotule 216. Cette patte 250 est solidaire, par exemple par soudure, de l'extrémité 25 de la partie 22, en un point situé à proximité du siège 201, sur la face 252 du corps oblong 1 opposée à celle 253 sur laquelle est accroché ce siège. L'autre patte 251 de la rotule 216 est solidaire du bord 218 d'une plaque 217 avantageusement profilée hydrodynamiquement.On this rear end 25 of the part 22, there are also provided hooking means 215, consisting for example of an output tab 250 of a ball joint 216. This tab 250 is secured, for example by welding, of the end 25 of part 22, at a point located near the seat 201, on the face 252 of the oblong body 1 opposite that 253 on which this seat is hung. The other tab 251 of the ball joint 216 is integral with the edge 218 of a plate 217 advantageously profiled hydrodynamically.

De cette façon, la plaque 217 peut prendre toutes positions dans un cône solide 229 dont le sommet est centré sur le point de rotation de la rotule 216. Etant donné ce moyen d'accrochage, en l'occurrence une patte de sortie de la rotule 216, cette plaque profilée 217, peut être utilisée pour plusieurs fonctions : comme plan porteur pour stabiliser le bateau et comme gouvernail, en l'inclinant dans les directions voulues, d'un côté de la ligne de navigation donnée par l'axe longitudinal du corps 1 et dans un plan non horizontal. Ces deux mouvements sont représentés, pour la stabilisation, par des déplacements suivant la flèche 227, et pour les rotations dans des plans obliques de part et d'autre du corps oblong 1, par la flèche 228.In this way, the plate 217 can take any position in a solid cone 229 the apex of which is centered on the point of rotation of the ball joint 216. Given this hooking means, in this case a ball of the ball joint outlet. 216, this profiled plate 217, can be used for several functions: as a supporting plane to stabilize the boat and as a rudder, by tilting it in the desired directions, on one side of the navigation line given by the longitudinal axis of the body 1 and in a non-horizontal plane. These two movements are represented, for stabilization, by displacements along arrow 227, and for rotations in oblique planes on either side of oblong body 1, by arrow 228.

Cette plaque 217 remplace donc avantageusement le gouvernail tel que décrit sommairement et référencé 26 et 27 ci-avant en regard de la Figure 3A.This plate 217 therefore advantageously replaces the rudder as briefly described and referenced 26 and 27 above with reference to Figure 3A.

Cependant, dans cette réalisation, il est intéressant que l'utilisateur, quand il est assis sur le siège 201, puisse commander ou donner à cette plaque la position et l'orientation voulues quand son bateau se déplace sur l'eau. Un moyen avantageux de commande de la position et de l'orientation de cette plaque 217 est constitué par un anneau circulaire 220 solidaire sensiblement en au moins un point 221 de cette plaque 217, sensiblement en son milieu. Cet anneau a un rayon suffisant pour qu'il puisse entourer le siège et la personne quand celle-ci est assise sur ce siège, pour toutes les positions possibles que peut prendre cette plaque 217, aussi bien en tant que stabilisateur que gouvernail, quand elle est déplacée dans son cône solide mentionné précédemment.However, in this embodiment, it is advantageous that the user, when seated on the seat 201, can control or give this plate the desired position and orientation when his boat is moving on the water. An advantageous means for controlling the position and the orientation of this plate 217 is constituted by a circular ring 220 which is secured substantially at at least one point 221 of this plate 217, substantially in its middle. This ring has a sufficient radius so that it can surround the seat and the person when the latter is seated on this seat, for all the possible positions that this plate 217 can take, both as a stabilizer and as a rudder, when it is moved into its previously mentioned solid cone.

De plus, pour manoeuvrer plus facilement cette plaque 217 en agissant sur l'anneau circulaire, la structure comporte un lien 222 fixé à une de ses extrémités 223 en un point 224 sensiblement diamétralement opposé au point 221 sur lequel est fixée la plaque 217, l'autre extrémité 225 de ce lien 222 passant dans une poulie 226 fixée à l'avant du siège 201, sensiblement au niveau des moyens de fixation 200 de telle façon que l'utilisateur puisse alors, le plus facilement possible, exercer des tractions sur ce lien 222 qui est à sa portée.In addition, to more easily maneuver this plate 217 by acting on the circular ring, the structure comprises a link 222 fixed at one of its ends 223 at a point 224 substantially diametrically opposite to point 221 on which the plate 217 is attached. 'other end 225 of this link 222 passing through a pulley 226 fixed to the front of the seat 201, substantially at the level of the fixing means 200 so that the user can then, as easily as possible, pull up on this link 222 which is at its scope.

On conçoit donc qu'un utilisateur naviguant avec une telle structure de bateau, assis sur le siège 201. puisse manoeuvrer cette plaque pour lui faire jouer soit le rôle de stabilisateur, en l'enfonçant plus ou moins dans l'eau suivant la flèche 227 ou en exerçant des tractions plus ou moins fortes sur l'extrémité 225 du lien 222, soit le rôle de gouvernail, en tournant l'anneau 220 simultanément aux tractions sur le lien 222, pour décaler d'un côté ou de l'autre la plaque et l'orienter dans un plan oblique par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du corps oblong 1.It is therefore understandable that a user sailing with such a boat structure, seated on the seat 201. can maneuver this plate to make it play either the role of stabilizer, by pushing it more or less into the water according to arrow 227 or by exerting more or less strong pulls on the end 225 of the link 222, that is to say the rudder role, by turning the ring 220 simultaneously with the pulls on the link 222, to shift on one side or the other the plate and orient it in an oblique plane relative to the longitudinal axis of the oblong body 1.

Dans ce qui vient d'être décrit, il a été donné des moyens d'accrochage dans le cas d'une coopération avec un siège, un gouvernail et des cale-pieds. Cependant, dans un mode avantageux de réalisation, il a été précisé que, notamment, les bras 4 et 5 pouvaient être constitués par des poutres de forme générale cylindrique de révolution. La forme de la section de ces bras est illustrée sur la Figure 8 qui est une coupe simplifiée suivant le plan référencé A-A sur la Figure 9, qui représente l'allure générale de la structure de bateau selon l'invention.In what has just been described, attachment means have been given in the case of cooperation with a seat, a rudder and toe clips. However, in an advantageous embodiment, it has been specified that, in particular, the arms 4 and 5 could be constituted by beams of generally cylindrical shape of revolution. The shape of the section of these arms is illustrated in Figure 8 which is a simplified section along the plane referenced A-A in Figure 9, which shows the general shape of the boat structure according to the invention.

Dans ce cas, la forme circulaire du bras 5 permet de réaliser avec sa surface extérieure une fonction d'accrochage en forme de poulie notamment pour les sous-tendeurs 67, 68 comme ceux qui sont reliés aux câbles tendeurs 12 et 66. Dans une forme avantageuse, le câble tendeur 12 faisant le tour des extrémités de la structure du bateau et le câble tendeur 66 reliant les deux extrémités éloignées des deux bras 4 et 5, sont reliés par des câbles sous-tendeurs 230 dont une des extrémités 231 est fixée à la portion de câble 12 passant sensiblement d'un côté du bras 5 (ou 4), et dont l'autre extrémité 232 est fixée à l'autre portion du câble tendeur 12 située de l'autre côté du bras 5, ce sous-tendeur 230 ayant emprisonné dans une boucle complète libre 233, à la fois la poutre du bras 5 et le câble tendeur 66 reliant les deux extrémités des deux bras. Ce moyen d'accrochage étant facile à réaliser, il permet en plus de laisser libre par coulissement le câble tendeur 66 par rapport au câble sous-tendeur qui le lie aux deux bras.In this case, the circular shape of the arm 5 makes it possible to achieve, with its external surface, a pulley-shaped hooking function in particular for the sub-tensioners 67, 68 like those which are connected to the tensioning cables 12 and 66. advantageous, the tensioning cable 12 going around the ends of the structure of the boat and the tensioning cable 66 connecting the two ends remote from the two arms 4 and 5, are connected by sub-tensioning cables 230 of which one of the ends 231 is fixed to the portion of cable 12 passing substantially on one side of the arm 5 (or 4), and the other end 232 of which is fixed to the other portion of the tensioning cable 12 located on the other side of the arm 5, this sub- tensioner 230 having trapped in a free complete loop 233, both the beam of the arm 5 and the tensioner cable 66 connecting the two ends of the two arms. This attachment means being easy to perform, it also allows the tension cable 66 to be left free by sliding with respect to the sub-tension cable which links it to the two arms.

De ce fait, quand un des flotteurs 2 ou 3 est soumis à un choc important, par exemple dû à une rencontre avec une vague, et que les bras ont tendance à se déformer, le câble tendeur 66 peut donc glisser sur l'intérieur des boucles 233 des câbles sous-tendeurs disposées tout le long de ces bras pour répartir de ce fait les efforts tout le long des bras et sur tous les câbles sous-tendeurs au lieu de faire absorber ces efforts uniquement par les premiers câbles sous-tendeurs les plus proches du flotteur ayant subi ce choc.As a result, when one of the floats 2 or 3 is subjected to a significant shock, for example due to an encounter with a wave, and the arms tend to deform, the tensioning cable 66 can therefore slide over the interior of the loops 233 of the tensioning cables arranged all along these arms to thereby distribute the forces all along the arms and on all the tensioning cables instead of having these forces absorbed only by the first tensioning cables closer to the float having suffered this shock.

Enfin, dans une telle structure, il peut être prévu des moyens d'accrochage aussi bien sur les corps, comme la poutre centrale ou les bras, que sur les câbles tendeurs 10, 11, 12, afin, par exemple, de tendre des toiles 240, pour augmenter la surface du « pont de cette structure. Cette augmentation de surface, grâce aux toiles 240, a au moins deux avantages : d'une part, permettre à l'utilisateur de se déplacer pour différentes raisons sur cette structure, par exemple pour aller accrocher les voiles, tendre des boutes, etc.., d'autre part, le protéger contre des projections d'embruns, etc...Finally, in such a structure, it is possible to provide hooking means both on the bodies, such as the central beam or the arms, and on the tensioning cables 10, 11, 12, in order, for example, to tension fabrics 240, to increase the surface of the "bridge of this structure. This increase in surface area, thanks to the 240 fabrics, has at least two advantages: on the one hand, allowing the user to move around for different reasons on this structure, for example to hang the sails, stretch the ends, etc. ., on the other hand, protect it against sprayed water, etc.

L'ensemble de ces toiles 240 sont tendues et accrochées entre les différentes portions du câble tendeur 12 et passent, par exemple, au dessus du câble tendeur 11 pour être accrochées, à une extrémité, à proximité du siège 201, et, à l'autre extrémité, sur les bras 4 et 5. L'avant de cette structure peut comporter, elle aussi, une toile 240 tendue entre ces deux mêmes bras 4 et 5 et les portions du câble tendeur 12 qui sont reliées à l'avant du corps oblong 1.All of these fabrics 240 are stretched and hung between the different portions of the tensioning cable 12 and pass, for example, above the tensioning cable 11 to be hung, at one end, near the seat 201, and, at the other end, on the arms 4 and 5. The front of this structure may also include a canvas 240 stretched between these same two arms 4 and 5 and the portions of the tensioning cable 12 which are connected to the front of the body oblong 1.

Ces moyens de fixation peuvent être, dans un mode de réalisation avantageux, les extrémités 241 de câbles sous-tendeurs 242 disposés et répartis tout le long de la poutre centrale et des bras 4 et 5, en association aux câbles tendeurs 10, 11, 12. Ces extrémités 241 comprennent des crochets 243 passant dans des oeillets 244 réalisés sur le bord des toiles 240. Ceci permet d'accrocher et de tendre les toiles, par exemple entre les deux portions du câble tendeur 12 situées de part et d'autre de la ligne médiane de cette structure de bateau.These fixing means can be, in an advantageous embodiment, the ends 241 of sub-tension cables 242 arranged and distributed all along the central beam and arms 4 and 5, in association with the tension cables 10, 11, 12 These ends 241 include hooks 243 passing through eyelets 244 produced on the edge of the fabrics 240. This makes it possible to hang and tension the fabrics, for example between the two portions of the tensioning cable 12 located on either side of the center line of this boat structure.

Claims (29)

1. Boat structure, comprising an oblong central body (1), two pontoons (2, 3), two longitudinal lateral arms (4, 5) whereof the first of their ends is rendered integral with the said body by first attachment means (42, 43, 69) and two second and third means for connecting the two other second ends (62, 63) of the said arms respectively to the two said pontoons (2, 3) characterised by the fact that the said body (1) is constituted by a beam (20) comprising two parts (21, 22) abutting one against the other along a junction surface (23), a first relatively short part (21) constituting the front of the boat and substantially in the shape of an arc of a circle which is concave in an upwards direction in a vertical plane of symmetry having a first value R1 for the radius of curvature, a second part (22) longer than the first part, substantially in the shape of an arc of a circle which is concave in the upwards direction in the said plane having a second value R2 for the radius of curvature which is clearly greater than the first value R1.
2. Structure according to Claim 1, characterised by the fact that the cross-section of the said beam is substantially of circular shape.
3. Structure according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterised by the fact that the said beam is hollow.
4. Structure according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised by the fact that it comprises a first tension cable (30) connecting the two ends (28, 29) of the said beam (20).
5. Structure according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised by the fact that it comprises a tension cable (12) connecting successively the first end (28) of the said beam (20) to the second end (62) of a first arm (4), the latter to the second end (29) of the beam (20), the latter to the second end (63) of the second arm (5) and finally, the latter once again to the first end (28) of the beam (20).
6. Structure according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised by the fact that the two said arms (4, 5) are constituted by a curved shaft (60) situated in a first plane substantially perpendicular to a second plane containing the said beam (20), said first plane passing in the vicinity of said junction surface (23) of the two said parts (21, 22), the lengths of the two parts of said shaft situated on either side of said second plane being substantially equal, these two said parts of said shaft constituting the two said arms (4, 5).
7. Structure according to Claims 1 and 6, characterised by the fact that the said first attachment means comprise bracing means (42, 43) situated between the said beam (20) and said shaft (60).
8. Structure according to one of Claims 5 or 6, characterised by the fact that the said shaft (60) is formed in such a way that a line (64) passing substantially through the two furthest ends of the said shaft is substantially tangential to the said first part (21) of the beam (20) in the shape of an arc of a circle or passes under said first part, substantially in its middle (65).
9. Structure according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterised by the fact that it comprises a second tension cable (66) connecting substantially the two ends (62, 63) of the said shaft (60).
10. Structure according to Claim 8, characterised by the fact that the said second tension cable (66) passes under said beam (20) with respect to said shaft (60).
11. Structure according to one of Claims 5 to 9, characterised by the fact that it comprises a mast-step (40) pivoting in said second plane about an axis (41) located substantially in the vicinity of the said shaft (60) and means (46, 47) for locking said mast-step (40) in a pre-determined position with respect to said beam.
12. Structure according to the preceding Claim, characterised by the fact that the said mast-step (40) is constituted by a portion of tube comprising a hollow recess open at one end (48) and able to receive the end (50) of a mast (7) for sails (8).
13. Structure according to Claims 9 and 11, characterised by the fact that said recess is open at its two ends and that the said beam (20) comprises a through hole (49) having a section greater than that of the end (50) of the said mast (7) and situated on the axis of said recess when said portion of tube is locked in the said pre-determined position, said second tension cable (66) passing substantially along the axis of said hole, in order to constitute a stop for the end (50) of the said mast able to be placed in said recess.
14. Structure according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised by the fact that said pontoons (2, 3) are constituted by a first body comprising at least one median portion (70) which is substantially a cylinder of revolution, a sleeve (71) located on said median portion (70), with a cross-section substantially complementary to that of the said median portion in order to be able to pivot about said median portion, foils (13, 14) mounted to co-operate with said sleeve (71) and means (73, 74) for controlling the pivoting of said sleeve.
15. Structure according to Claim 14, characterised by the fact that the said foils (13, 14) are constituted by at least one of the following elements : hydrofoil, thin, rudder or the like.
16. Structure according to Claim 14, characterised by the fact that the means for controlling the pivoting of said sleeve (71) are constituted by at least two traction cables (73, 74), whereof one of their respective ends is fastened to said sleeve and whereof the application of their forces is exerted at two points located in two diametrically different planes of said sleeve and means (72) for exerting traction respectively on the two other ends of said two traction cables.
17. Structure according to Claim 12, characterised by the fact that the said recess has a circular shape of revolution and.comprises a mast whereof the end is mounted to pivot in said recess.
18. Structure according to Claim 12, characterised by the fact that it comprises a boom (82) able to rotate in a plane substantially perpendicular to the said portion of tube (40) and means (88) for pivotally mounting the said boom on said portion of tube.
19. Structure according to Claim 17, characterised by the fact that it comprises a sail (8) mounted on said mast (7) and a traction cable system (89) whereof one end is integral with said sail and whereof the other end (91) is wound on said mast in a direction opposing that in which said sail (8) is able to be wound, said traction cable system comprising at least one pulley (92) located on said boom (82) at a point distant from said mast, said traction cable system passing over said pulley and tension means (93) of the said traction cable system (89).
20. Structure according to Claim 18, characterised by the fact that the tension means (93) are constituted, on the one hand, by a boom (82) comprising at least two shafts (84, 85) forming guide rails and on the other hand, by rolling means (95, 96) able to co-operate with said guide means (84, 85) in order to move by rolling along said shafts, said traction cable system (89) being connected to the said rolling means so that the latter exert traction of the desired value on this cable system (89) depending on their position on said shafts.
21. Structure according to one of the preceding Claims, characterised by the fact that it comprises, in association with at least one of the said central oblong body and two arms, pre-placed attachment means (200, 210, 215, 241...) for navigation components and at least one navigation element (201, 217, 220, 240) co-operating with said attachment means.
22. Structure according to Claim 21, characterised by the fact that said navigation element is constituted by a seat (201) for a potential user and that said pre-placed attachment means for navigating elements comprise at least one shaft (202) integral with the rear end (203) of said oblong body (1) and able to trap at least the thickness (205) of said seat (201).
23. Structure according to Claim 22, characterised by the fact that said navigation element is constituted by footsupport means (212, 213) co-operating with the attachment means (210, 211) pre-placed on the rear part of said oblong body, in the vicinity of said seat and at a distance substantially equal to the length of a potential user's leg.
24. Structure according to one of Claims 21 to 23, characterised by the fact that said navigation element is constituted by a rudder in the form of a streamlined plate (217) and that said pre-placed attachment means (215) are constituted by at least a first projection (250) of a ball joint (216) with two first and second projections, the first projection (250) being rendered integral with the said rear part (22) of the said oblong body, the second projection (251) being rendered integral with an edge (218) of said streamlined plate (217).
25. Structure according to Claims 21 to 24, characterised by the fact that said first projection (250) of the ball joint (216) is located in the vicinity of said seat (201), substantially on the surface (252) of the oblong body (1) opposite that (253) on which said seat (201) is attached.
26. Structure according to Claim 25, characterised by the fact that it comprises means for controlling the position of said plate.
27. Structure according to Claim 26, characterised by the fact that the said means for controlling said plate comprise at least one ring (220) connected at least at a first point (221) to said plate (217) and able to surround said seat (201).
28. Structure according to Claim 27, characterised by the fact that said means for controlling said plate comprise in addition a line (222) fastened at a second point (224) on the ring (220), substantially diametrically opposed to said first point (221), said line passing through a pulley (226) fastened substantially to the front of said seat.
29. Structure according to one of Claims 21 to 28, characterised by the fact that said navigation means are constituted by at least one tension cable (10, 11, 12) co-operating with at least one of said oblong bodies (1) and two arms (4, 5) and a piece of canvas (240) and that said attachment means are constituted by portions (241) of sub- tension cables (242) connecting one of said tension cables, oblong body and two arms, with the edges of the said piece of canvas.
EP85906078A 1984-12-14 1985-12-09 Pleasure boat structure Expired EP0204759B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85906078T ATE41387T1 (en) 1984-12-14 1985-12-09 STRUCTURE FOR PLEASURE BOAT.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8419939A FR2574745B1 (en) 1984-12-14 1984-12-14 PLEASURE-TYPE BOAT STRUCTURE
FR8419939 1984-12-14
FR8511651A FR2585322A2 (en) 1985-07-24 1985-07-24 Structure for pleasure-type boat
FR8511651 1985-07-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0204759A1 EP0204759A1 (en) 1986-12-17
EP0204759B1 true EP0204759B1 (en) 1989-03-15

Family

ID=26224304

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85906078A Expired EP0204759B1 (en) 1984-12-14 1985-12-09 Pleasure boat structure

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Country Link
US (1) US4771716A (en)
EP (1) EP0204759B1 (en)
AU (1) AU596957B2 (en)
DE (1) DE3568751D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1986003722A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2220170A (en) * 1988-06-03 1990-01-04 Robert John Webster High speed sailboat
GB2251583A (en) * 1991-01-08 1992-07-15 Charlton Houghton Bullock Water craft
FR2741319A1 (en) * 1995-11-22 1997-05-23 Debut Eric Single seat sailing vessel with three floats
US5957071A (en) * 1996-07-01 1999-09-28 Brock; William D. Sailboat
US6000355A (en) * 1998-07-27 1999-12-14 Hall; Thomas R. Stabilized watercraft
IT1403578B1 (en) * 2011-02-01 2013-10-31 Brizzolara VESSEL DEVICE
US9079649B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-07-14 Allan D. Heuton Portable wind-powered sailing vessel

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2238464A (en) * 1939-01-23 1941-04-15 William G Fletcher Convertible sailing vessel
US2351542A (en) * 1940-07-31 1944-06-13 William H Paull Toy boat or glider
US3112725A (en) * 1960-11-15 1963-12-03 Malrose Le Roy Sailboat
GB922065A (en) * 1960-12-19 1963-03-27 Douglas Pole Welman Improvements relating to sailing boats
US3077850A (en) * 1961-06-19 1963-02-19 William C Beuby Sailboat of the catamaran type
US4294184A (en) * 1978-04-11 1981-10-13 Bernd Heinrich Multi-hull steering system
FR2464878A1 (en) * 1979-09-12 1981-03-20 Waquet Bernard Sea-going multi hulled vessel - has floats with trellis cross beam with hydro-vanes and sails attached to base ring on trellis

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU5193386A (en) 1986-07-22
EP0204759A1 (en) 1986-12-17
AU596957B2 (en) 1990-05-24
US4771716A (en) 1988-09-20
DE3568751D1 (en) 1989-04-20
WO1986003722A1 (en) 1986-07-03

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