EP0204185A1 - Unité de chauffage à radiation - Google Patents

Unité de chauffage à radiation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0204185A1
EP0204185A1 EP86106512A EP86106512A EP0204185A1 EP 0204185 A1 EP0204185 A1 EP 0204185A1 EP 86106512 A EP86106512 A EP 86106512A EP 86106512 A EP86106512 A EP 86106512A EP 0204185 A1 EP0204185 A1 EP 0204185A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating support
heating resistor
grain
insulating
pressed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86106512A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0204185B1 (fr
Inventor
Robert Kicherer
Felix Schreder
Leonhard Dörner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
Original Assignee
EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH filed Critical EGO Elektro Gerate Blanc und Fischer GmbH
Priority to AT86106512T priority Critical patent/ATE52374T1/de
Publication of EP0204185A1 publication Critical patent/EP0204185A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0204185B1 publication Critical patent/EP0204185B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
    • H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
    • H05B3/748—Resistive heating elements, i.e. heating elements exposed to the air, e.g. coil wire heater
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radiation heating unit, in particular for heating a plate, such as a glass ceramic hotplate, with an insulating support made of high-temperature-resistant pressed material, to which at least one radiation heating resistor is preferably partially exposed to the front.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a radiation heating unit of the type described, which is easy to manufacture, good mechanical Fe stability, low weight and long service life ensure a high level of efficiency with regard to the radiated heat.
  • the insulating support 1m essentially consists of a grain of expanded mica, such as vermiculite, pressed with a binder.
  • Expanded mica of this type is generally used in construction as well as in technology for relatively large insulation insulations.
  • this material can be used in a particularly advantageous manner for producing an insulating support of the .Art according to the invention, although this is generally relatively small in size and finely structured and the heating resistors are mostly heating coils made of thin wire and therefore problems with the heating resistor can be attached to the insulating support.
  • the finished pressed expanded mica Due to the relatively bright and reflective surface of the finished pressed expanded mica, there is also an extremely good reflector effect with regard to the heat radiation emitted by the heating resistor and at the same time the pressed expanded mica creates alternating reflective and heat-insulating particles, so that even with a relatively thin-walled design extremely good insulation in the manner of super insulation is achieved.
  • the silicates of the vermiculite series in particular the trioctahedral vermiculite, are particularly suitable as clay mineral for this purpose.
  • binders Numerous different materials are used as binders, including for example, cement or silica sol can be used.
  • a water glass solution is particularly suitable as a binder for the production of the insulating support, since this binder on the one hand ensures high strength with a relatively tightly closed surface and low degree of compression and on the other hand can have such a low proportion by weight in the finished insulating support that the insulating support is very close 100% sufficient consists of expanded mica and possibly other admixtures.
  • the binder in the mixture with the expanded mica in the uncompressed state takes up between about 10 and 40% by weight, preferably about 30% by weight, so that it also penetrates between the fine-scaled structure of the expanded mica and Adjacent particles of the grain are pushed together in a tooth-like manner during pressing and can be bonded to one another in this toothed area.
  • the binder in particular at a density of about 37 to 40 ° Be, advantageously has at most about two thirds by weight of water, the other portion preferably consisting of about 8% sodium oxide and 27% silicon oxide, so that gives a soda water glass solution in the weight ratio of solids of about 1: 3.35.
  • This solution is sufficiently low-viscosity to ensure good mixing with the expanded mica at a relatively low mixing energy.
  • the heating resistor on the one hand is held sufficiently securely on the insulating support and on the other hand is arranged such that the heat can radiate from it as freely as possible. It can be assumed here that the heating resistor performs movements in itself due to the alternating load due to glowing and cooling, which can cause loosening. In itself, the heating resistor can also be fastened to the insulating support by means of separate fastening means, for example brackets or the like which are spaced one behind the other and which engage in or pass through the insulating support.
  • a particularly advantageous design for the operational safety of the heating unit is obtained, however, if the heating resistor is attached to the insulating support by being directly embedded in the pressed grain. Surprisingly, it has been shown that this grain size can also hold the heating resistor very well and safely in comparison with a fibrous press material.
  • the individual, intrinsically layered particles of expanded mica shift with increasing pressure on the surface of the heating resistor and with shape adjustment to this surface so that they are also in one another Interlock the area in the manner described and ensure a secure hold of the heating resistor without additional fasteners, even with a low embedding depth and relatively large embedding intervals.
  • the binder as a thin Skin also connects to the surface of the heating resistor and, in particular after hardening, stiffens the particles of expanded mica adjacent to this surface in the manner of form-locking members, which at least partially comprise the cross section of the heating resistor in a permanent and dimensionally stable manner.
  • the alkali silicate acts as a corrosion inhibitor, so that the heating resistor is protected, at least in the embedded area.
  • the adhesive power of the binder is extremely good both with respect to the metal of the heating resistor and to the inorganic silicon compound forming the grain.
  • the heating resistor is embedded at different depths in the region of adjacent longitudinal sections, with successive sections in particular approximating each other lie the same depth.
  • longitudinal sections of the heating resistor which are completely exposed, that is to say are neither embedded, nor touch the insulating support directly or lie a short distance from the latter.
  • the heating resistor is embedded in the grain with at least one turn in the region of the respective longitudinal section, so that the heating resistor does not have to be designed with separate fastening members which are formed in one piece with it and towards the core of the Insulation carrier protrude above him; such fasteners could from the otherwise aligned - winding association .
  • the described embedding in the grain ensures a sufficiently secure hold for most cross sections of the heating resistors commonly used, if at least one turn of the heating resistor is embedded in the grain at most up to its inner circumference, i.e. if the arc angle on which the turn is embedded is less than or at most 90 ° and the inner circumference of the winding is practically completely exposed.
  • This can apply to all turns of the heating resistor or only to individual turns, for example successive turns in sections.
  • at least one turn of the heating resistor can also be enclosed at least on a part of its inner circumference by the pressed grain, this also for all turns of the heating resistor or is only possible for successive turns in sections, which depends in particular on the cross-sectional shape and size of the heating resistor.
  • At least one turn of the heating resistor engages in the pressed grain at most up to its center, that is, when it is filled with the grain at most up to its axial plane which is approximately parallel to the front of the insulating support is.
  • at least one half of the turn or all the turns engaging in this way is then completely exposed, which results in a very advantageous glow pattern.
  • individual or all turns can also engage in the grain beyond this center or be filled with the grain and thereby form zones of particularly secure fastening.
  • the grain of this filling also forms numerous small reflectors in a wide variety of directions due to its shiny metallic surfaces, which results in a diffuse radiation of the heat rays and a very uniform temperature pattern over the radiation surface.
  • the heating resistor is uniform throughout its length, for example not with molded-out fasteners, a very secure attachment is achieved with a simple structure in that longitudinal sections of the heating resistor are embedded in elevations of the insulating support, which are preferably in an otherwise in one Project the flat surface of the insulating support. These elevations are expediently transverse to the longitudinal sections of the heating resistor or these intersecting webs, which are preferably arranged in a radial manner around a central axis of the insulating support and the configuration in which the heating resistor was misplaced.
  • the heating resistor can therefore be laid in a single plane and is covered in sections by the elevations in such a way that it is embedded deepest in them and thus securely holding them.
  • the holding force exerted by the elevations on the heating resistor is practically not reduced if the elevations decrease in cross-section to their apex in width, in particular are approximately semicircular, whereby on the one hand a high mechanical strength of the elevations in itself and on the other hand that a A larger proportion of the surface of the heating resistor is exposed than would be the fan if the elevations did not decrease in width.
  • the rounded decrease in this width is more expedient for the strength of the elevations.
  • the insulating support can be made relatively smooth and tightly closed on the surface if the grain is pressed closer to the surface boundary layers at least in the areas adjacent to the heating resistor than in the core, as a result of which the abrasion on the surface of the insulating support is also proportionate can be kept low.
  • the mechanically denser and, if necessary, better heat-conducting surface layer of the insulating support can also be produced by means of an appropriate composition of the grain without aftertreatment.
  • a material that brings about the desired properties after the compact has been removed from the mold For example, a silica sol or an Si silicon oxide in a coloidal form are sprayed uniformly.
  • a targeted treatment in the vicinity of the embedding of the heating resistor could also take place instead or in addition, for example by arranging spray nozzles in the region of the corresponding fastening points on the pressing tool. It is therefore possible to achieve increased mechanical strength and better heat dissipation in the fastening areas between the heating resistor and the insulating support, without otherwise significantly influencing the insulating properties of the insulating support.
  • the grain has a hydrophobic effect after pressing, for example by heat treatment, such as annealing, it can be achieved that a surface treatment or coating does not penetrate deeply and therefore does not reduce the thermal insulation capacity.
  • the hydrophobic properties can be improved with a silicone treatment.
  • the grain is pressed between the individual grain particles with the release of air chambers, so that there is not only air between the lamellar or scale-like layers. of the individual grain, but also between adjacent grains, the size of which is then approximately in the order of magnitude of at least part of the grain in the compressed state.
  • the grain size is therefore expediently compressed just as much as is necessary to achieve the desired strength properties.
  • the heating resistor can be attached in a simple manner with the pressing of the grain on the insulating support in one operation, in which case the turns or coils of the heating resistor are more or less in the manner described with an appropriate design of the pressing tool receiving the heating resistor are filled. It has also been found that the insulating support can also be pressed into its shape in a previous operation and the heating resistor can then be embedded in that it is pressed into the corresponding surface of the insulating support, particularly before it dries, at the points where it should be embedded.
  • the grain in the area of the sections of the heating resistor entering the insulating support is further compacted by the latter, partly with the build-up of a resilient voltage, so that the grain resiliently springs back around the respectively associated section of the heating resistor after the associated cross-section of the heating resistor has penetrated sufficiently deep closes again and thereby encompasses the heating resistor in a form-fitting manner at each associated section.
  • the surface of the insulating support remains essentially in the form before being pressed in, ie the respective winding of the heating resistor is only filled by the amount by which the heating resistor has been pressed into the surface of the insulating support.
  • the grain of the insulating support in the uncompressed state has particles which are in the order of the clear spiral spacings of the heating resistor, since the penetration of the grain into the inside of the turns of the heating resistor can thereby be significantly reduced or achieved that the penetration of the filling in the windings is relatively loose and at best weakly pressed.
  • the grain of the insulating support can consist of particles of different, preferably several times different, grain size. For example, a grain size between 1 and 2 mm has proven to be advantageous. The particles of different grain sizes can be with each other are mixed together and then pressed.
  • the insulating support from layers with different grain sizes or to provide zones of different grain sizes via the surface boundary layer supporting the heating resistor such that, for example, a different grain size is provided in the embedding areas than between these embedding areas.
  • the grain size in the region of the surface boundary layer carrying the heating resistor is selected to be finer than in the adjacent layer or layers, so that the grain size becomes coarser from the front side of the insulating support to its rear side.
  • the insulating support can also have a rim protruding beyond its front side and / or its rear side in the manner of a cup wheel, which edge is then expediently less compacted and / or constructed from coarser grains than the base supporting the heating resistor .
  • the insulating support is expediently designed to be as thin as possible, in such a way that it protrudes from the back of the heating resistor only as far as is necessary for perfect electrical insulation. This can be achieved, for example, when the smallest distance of the heating resistor from the back of the insulating support is at most as large as its diameter, in particular smaller.
  • the electrical lines used to connect the heating resistor can pass through the insulation Carrier through the shortest route to the back and from there to an area in which they are easily accessible for connection to electrical connection elements.
  • the back of the insulating support is attached to a soft, in particular elastically deformable, insulating bedding made of at least one layer created.
  • Heating unit for heating a plate for example a glass ceramic hotplate provided, it is expediently stretched with the pot edge of the insulating support against the underside of this plate, with the elastically deformable insulating bed on the side of the insulating carrier facing away from this plate being a large-area and evenly fitting spring element forms, which presses the insulating support against the plate under tension.
  • the insulating bed expediently consists of a pourable insulating material, for example as the base material pyrogenic silica, as e.g. sold under the trade name 'Aerosil' by Degussa. Furthermore, ceramic fibers, e.g. Aluminum silicate fibers are used. If the insulating support is formed in one piece with the insulating bedding, these components and, if appropriate, an opacifying agent can be added directly to the expanded mica grain to be pressed.
  • a pourable insulating material for example as the base material pyrogenic silica, as e.g. sold under the trade name 'Aerosil' by Degussa.
  • ceramic fibers e.g. Aluminum silicate fibers are used.
  • a particularly easy-to-use, namely easy-to-store, transport and assemble heating unit is obtained if the insulating support and possibly the insulating bedding in a thin-walled support shell, ins particular made of sheet metal, is arranged and preferably secured against rotation with respect to the carrier shell by engagement in a terminal block attached to this for the heating resistor.
  • the heating unit is circular when viewed from the front and is provided with a single heating resistor. But it is also conceivable to give the heating unit a view of the front of any other shape, for example a rectangular or square basic shape, so that it is particularly well suited for a cooking unit which has several cooking zones next to and / or in succession .
  • Two or more heating resistors which can be connected independently of one another, preferably in an interlocking spiral shape, can also be arranged, so that the heating unit can be used to achieve very different outputs.
  • the carrier shell is in one piece and therefore very simple in construction.
  • an axial securing of the insulating support with respect to the supporting shell is advantageous, this does not - as is possible - need to be carried out directly by engaging the supporting shell in the insulating support, but can be achieved by providing a temperature sensor , which passes through aligned openings in the edge of the shell of the carrier shell and in the insulating carrier.
  • the openings in the insulating support can be produced in a very simple manner by drilling after pressing the insulating support, so that no complex compression mold is required and instead of grooves, openings can also be provided with openings that are closed over the circumference.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing a radiation heating unit, in which an insulating support made of high-temperature resistant pressed material and at least one radiation heating resistor is attached to it by partial embedding.
  • this method is characterized in that a expanded mica, such as vermiculite, is first mixed with a binder as the pressing material and then pressed in a pourable grain into the shape of the insulating support, after which the heating resistor, with part of its circumference, is pressed into the associated pressed surface of the Insulation carrier pressed in to the embedment depth and then the insulation carrier with the pressed-in heating resistor is dried or is further solidified by burning or annealing instead or additionally.
  • a expanded mica such as vermiculite
  • the insulating support can first be compressed very strongly on the surface provided for receiving the heating resistor, forming its front side, in such a way that the compressed grain does not tend to expand again when the heating resistor penetrates, and essentially via the depth of indentation in the heating resistor to penetrate.
  • the heating resistor with its parts penetrating into the grain, forms a press ram, which compresses the grain in the area of these parts again and partially into the deeper layers of the insulating support such that those areas of the grain pass the cross-sectional sections of the heating resistor when they penetrate and which then lie on the side of these cross-sectional sections facing the associated surface of the insulating support, spring back and thus at least partially encompass these cross-sectional sections in a form-fitting and closely fitting manner with pretension.
  • the further compaction of the grain when the heating resistor penetrates thus takes place not only in the penetration direction, but also laterally parallel to the associated surface of the insulating support.
  • the heating resistor it is also conceivable to provide the heating resistor to arrange the pressing of the insulating support in the associated mold and then to embed it during the pressing with penetration of parts of the heating resistor into the compacting grain, so that in practically the same operation the insulating support is pressed into its shape and the heating resistor is partially embedded in the insulating support Unit is connected.
  • the heating resistor is first embedded in the last-mentioned procedure to a predetermined depth that is less than its final embedding depth, and then in the first-described procedure after pressing the insulating support a little deeper into its final embedding -Depth is pressed in, so that a particularly high compression of the grain is achieved in the area of the embedded parts of the heating resistor and thus a relatively small embedding depth is sufficient to hold the heating resistor.
  • a filling of the turns of the heating resistor with the grain can be achieved, it being possible to proceed in such a way that this filling is not or not as much compressed as that zones of the insulating support adjacent to the heating resistor. If it is expedient to achieve a certain glow pattern is to partially or completely remove this filling, this can be done after pressing and in particular after drying, and in a simple manner, for example, by causing the grain of this filling to fall out by vibrating or shaking movements of the insulating support or by brushing it out. In the area of the heating resistor, this results in a non-tightly closed surface of the insulating carrier, which surface is substantially rougher than in the areas adjacent to the heating resistor, and which can have an advantageous effect on the radiation behavior.
  • a device for producing a radiant heating unit with an at least two-part pressing tool for the insulating support can be used according to the invention, the press punch of which is assigned to the front of the insulating support, wherein this press ram has press projections for engagement between the turns of the heating resistor.
  • the arrangement can be made so that essentially between all turns of the heating resistor or between all those turns that come to lie outside the elevations of the insulating support, press projections or it can be provided longitudinal sections of the heating resistor, between whose turns none Press-in projections engage, while such press-in projections engage in adjacent longitudinal sections, so that numerous different glow patterns and radiation effects can be achieved.
  • the pressing projections expediently lie with their pressing surfaces at least approximately in the plane of those pressing surfaces which compress the surface zones of the insulating carrier which are adjacent to the heating resistor. But you can also stand back or stand out, in the first If the heating resistor is embedded along a web projecting in its longitudinal direction on the associated surface of the insulating support and in the second case it is embedded along a recessed groove or groove in the associated surface of the insulating support, which results in different reflection angles for the radiation.
  • a radiation heating unit 1 has a card-like thin and essentially flat insulating support 2 with a heating resistor 5 attached to its front side and a pot edge 6 protruding beyond this front side on the outer circumference, the insulating support 2 in a support shell 7 made of sheet metal is provided on part of its height with an insulating bed 8.
  • This carrier shell 7 receives in a cutout on its peripheral wall a connecting block 9 made of insulating material, for example ceramic material, which protrudes both over the inner circumference and over the outer circumference of the peripheral wall and into a cutout 10 on the outer circumference of the insulating support 2 or the pot edge .6 engages in such a way that the insulating support 2 - based on its central axis - can only assume a single position relative to the support shell 7 or the connection block 9 and is secured against rotation in this position in the assembled state.
  • insulating material for example ceramic material
  • the pot rim 6, which is in one piece with the bottom 11 is designed as a pressing body, is expediently less densely compressed than the base 11, in such a way that it has low elastic suspension properties in its pressing direction against the plate and the pressing force thereby acts essentially uniformly over the entire end face 12.
  • the rod-shaped temperature sensor 13 of a temperature limiter 14, temperature regulator or the like engages in openings 15 in the pot edge 6 of the insulating carrier 2 and in the peripheral wall of the carrier shell 7, so that the insulating carrier 2 is secured in its axial position relative to the carrier shell 7.
  • the temperature limiter 14 or the like. lies immediately adjacent to the connection block 9, which has outwardly directed tabs for the electrical connection, such that the heating resistor 5 and the temperature limiter 14 or the like. close to each other - can be connected to electrical lines.
  • the heating resistor 5 is formed by a wire helix having a continuous pitch and constant diameter over its entire length, the turns of which lie closely together at both ends for receiving wire-shaped connecting pins 16.
  • the helix forming the heating resistor 5 is laid in a spiral parallel to the bottom 11, the height of which corresponds to the outer diameter of the helical turns 17 and which is on a part of it, in an outer circumference of the heating field, that is to say the inner circumference of the pot edge 6, with substantially constant spacings Height is embedded in the front of the insulating support base 11 such that it over a further part of its height at least on numerous longitudinal sections 18 of the heating resistor 5 on the front 3 of the insulating support 2 me exposed bare.
  • the windings 17 can be circular or have a different, for example oval, shape.
  • the insulating carrier base 11 has a plurality of web-shaped elevations 20, 21, which are arranged radially in a radial manner around the central axis of the insulating carrier 2 and protrude beyond the otherwise flat associated surface 22 of the insulating carrier base 11 by an amount that approximately is equal to the thickness of the bottom 11 between the elevations 20, 21.
  • the elevations 20, 21 extending from the pot edge 6 or from the outer circumference of the base 11 alternately extend radially inward to different extents, such that they are spaced apart from one another in the region of their radially inner ends.
  • the heating resistor 5 On the longitudinal sections 19, on which the heating resistor 5 passes through these elevations 20, 21 essentially at right angles, the heating resistor 5 is embedded deeper, corresponding to the height of the elevations, than in the area of the sections 18 between them, in the area of which the heating resistor 5- can also lie completely free without embedding and, for example, at a clear distance from the surface 22.
  • the heating resistor 5 to be connected, electrical lines, not shown, are expediently immediately adjacent to the associated pin 16 through the insulating base 11 on its rear side 4 and between this rear side 4 and the insulating bed 8 adjacent to it to the terminal block 9 or the temperature limiter 14 o .
  • the insulating bed 8 expediently has a corresponding depression on the side facing the insulating support 2.
  • the insulating bed 8 which is expediently formed by a bed molded into the carrier shell 2 and softer than the insulating carrier 2 or its pot edge 6, i.e. is more easily elastically deformable, is supported on the bottom of the carrier shell 7 and forms a narrow ring-shaped contact surface 23 for the rear side 4 of the insulating carrier 2 adjacent to its peripheral wall with a small ring spacing; on the outer circumference, this contact surface 23 is delimited by a recessed ring surface, so that there is a precisely defined contact of the insulating support 2 with the insulating bed 8.
  • the contact surface 23 is also delimited on the inner circumference by a recessed recess in the insulating bed 8.
  • the insulating support 2 is produced in a two-part pressing tool, not shown, the two tool parts of which, namely a pressing die and a pressing die, enclose a shape in the closed state which corresponds to that of the finished insulating support 2. When open.
  • Pressing tool is poured into a pressing tool part, in particular the pressing tool part 1 forming the front side 3 of the insulating support 2, a pre-weighed amount of expanded mica mixed with binder, and this is then pressed waste-free and without reworking by closing the pressing tool, to the insulating support 2;
  • the heating resistor 5 can be inserted beforehand, for example into a corresponding spiral groove or into pressing projections arranged on a spiral ring, after which pouring onto the heating resistor is carried out.
  • the filling can be carried out successively in different grain sizes, for example in such a way that initially finer grain size in an approximately uniformly thick layer and then coarser Grain is poured.
  • the insulating body When pressing, the insulating body is essentially compressed to its final shape and the sections of the heating resistor projecting beyond the associated pressing surface of the pressing tool part receiving the heating resistor are embedded within the compacting grain or pressed around it in such a way that they are securely held at least partially enclosed.
  • the insulating support 2 With a multi-layer structure, which is achieved by pouring two or more layers of different grain sizes, the insulating support 2 can be finished pressed in a single operation.
  • it is also possible to carry out a layer-by-layer pressing if, for example, different layers are to be pressed to different degrees, the respective layers lying inside the finished insulating support for better connection to the layers to be built thereon by appropriate shaping of the pressing surface of the pressing tool part or can be roughened by mechanical processing after the intermediate pressing.
  • the design according to the invention enables the use of completely fiber-free materials for the production of the insulating body, although the addition of fibrous, for example mineral, components is also conceivable. There is practically no loss of material in the production of the insulating support 2 and after a possible annealing treatment the insulating support is also hydrophobic.
  • a mineral glue is particularly suitable as a binder, with water glass having proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • 3 to 8 three examples of numerous anchoring of the heating resistor in the insulating support are shown, with each of these examples being valid for the entire anchoring of the heating resistor on an insulating support or with one or more of the further examples in particular can be combined that different anchors are alternately provided on different longitudinal sections of the heating resistor.
  • 3 to 8 are the same reference numerals for corresponding parts as in the other figures, but in FIGS. 3 and 4 with the index "a”, in FIGS. 5 and 6 with the index "b” 7 in FIGS. 7 and 8 with the index "c”, in FIG. 9 with the index "d", in FIG. 10 with the index "e” and in FIG. 11 with the index "f".
  • the respective turns 17a of the heating resistor 5a are embedded at a depth in the bottom 11a of the insulating support 2a, the highest being as large as or, in the exemplary embodiment shown, even somewhat smaller than the associated cross-sectional dimension of the resistance wire forming the heating resistor 5a, that is to say when using round wire as its wire diameter.
  • the individual particles of the pressed grain, from which the insulating carrier 2a is made are indicated. The individual particles are scale-like particles and can therefore, in a manner not shown in detail, penetrate each other slightly in their adjoining areas with mutual interlocking.
  • the grain size is only compressed to such an extent that cavities in the form of air chambers 24 are enclosed between the individual particles, one of which is indicated in FIG. 4, and which can be both smaller and approximately the same size compared to the particles of the grain size .
  • the individual particles of the grain nestle against the surface of this part 25 with particularly high compression and surface-fitting deformation which, apart from adhering, are also positively connected by receiving this part 25 in a practically undercut opening and thereby clasping it like a claw.
  • the inner circumference 26 of the turns 17a remains completely exposed.
  • the engaging part 25b of the respective turns 17b is enclosed by the material of the insulating support 2b over the entire cross section of the resistance wire, such that part of the inner circumference 26b is covered.
  • the surface 22b does not extend in the region of the turn 17b to the middle of its height, that is to say not to that axial plane 28 of the turn 17b which is parallel to the surface 22b or to the insulation support base 11b. This arrangement can be produced particularly easily if the heating resistor 5b is produced simultaneously with the pressing of the insulating support 2b.
  • a slot-shaped groove 27 penetrating the surface 22b and indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 6 can be formed, the width of which is smaller than the wire diameter of the heating resistor 5b but it is a portion of the peripheral surface of the embedded part 25b is exposed to the front of the insulating substrate.
  • the elevation 20c is approximately semicircular in cross-section and has a width such that it can accommodate at least two successive turns 17c or their associated parts 25c.
  • the elevation 20c extends beyond the center of the height of the respective winding 17c in such a way that it also surrounds it on the largest part of its inner circumference 26c.
  • a portion of the circumference of the respective windings 17c also projects freely to the front of the insulating support in the region of the elevations 20c, although it can also be provided that the windings 17c enclose almost the entire outer circumference in the region of the elevations 20c, are embedded over their entire height or their entire outer diameter.
  • the pins 16 are also advantageously embedded in the insulating support 2 and thereby anchored in their position, and like the rest of the heating resistor they can be anchored either by pressing the insulating support or by subsequent pressing.
  • fastening members in the form of, for example, bending members 29 can also be provided in the peripheral wall of the support shell 7, which engage in the pot edge 6 of the insulating support 2.
  • the bending members 29 are formed by U-shaped slot punchings, in such a way that upward bending tongues arise, which are pressed according to FIG. 9 after the insertion of the insulating support 2d between its end faces in its outer circumference.
  • the center of the bottom 11d of the insulating support 2d is also positively secured directly by a fastening glue'30 directly with respect to the carrier shell 7d or the insulating bed 8d, so that even with an extremely thin base 11d there is no danger there is that this bulges upwards when the temperature rises accordingly.
  • the fastening member 30 is formed by a threaded screw located in the central axis of the heating unit, which engages in the internal thread of a sleeve formed upward from the bottom of the shell 7d and whose head is located on the surface 22d of the insulating support 2d with the interposition of a washer 31 supports.
  • the floor lld in the central area with, for example, expansion slits running through its thickness in such a way that thermal stresses are equalized; these slots can be radial, arc-shaped around the central axis of the insulating support 2d and / or tangential to a circle intended around this central axis.
  • the bottom 11e of the insulating support 2e can also replace the insulating bed by a correspondingly thicker construction, it being conceivable that the bottom 11e is more densely compacted in the boundary layer adjacent to the surface 22e than in the area below which replaces the insulating bed.
  • the bottom of the insulating support 2e thus extends to the inside of the bottom of the support shell 7e.
  • the bottom of the carrier shell 7e has a knob-shaped, upwardly projecting elevation 30e lying in its central axis, which engages in a corresponding recess on the underside of the bottom 11e of the insulating carrier 2e and which on the top of the insulating carrier 2e has a corresponding, Corresponding knob-shaped elevation protruding over the surface 22e.
  • a possibly adhesive connection between the insulating carrier 2e and the carrier shell 7e can thereby be enlarged and it is also conceivable to absorb thermal stresses by means of such or a similar link 30e.
  • the heating unit lf can do not only without a separate insulating bed, but even without a carrier shell or without a bottom plate, if a correspondingly high strength of the insulating support 2f is set by a suitable mixture of the pressed material and a corresponding choice of cross sections and compression.
  • a heating unit lf without a carrier shell is particularly suitable for heating large areas . miger ovens, such as those used in commercial kitchens.
  • the heating unit can also be arranged with a central axis deviating from the vertical position, for example with a horizontal central axis, on a side wall of the oven muffle.
  • a mixture of pyrogenic silica, opacifying agent and fiber material with a weight fraction of approximately 15% can be added with a weight fraction of approximately 40% expanded mica and approximately 30% water glass before pressing, whereby the thermal insulation can also be influenced favorably .

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
EP86106512A 1985-05-30 1986-05-14 Unité de chauffage à radiation Expired - Lifetime EP0204185B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86106512T ATE52374T1 (de) 1985-05-30 1986-05-14 Strahlungs-heizeinheit.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853519350 DE3519350A1 (de) 1985-05-30 1985-05-30 Strahlungs-heizeinheit
DE3519350 1985-05-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0204185A1 true EP0204185A1 (fr) 1986-12-10
EP0204185B1 EP0204185B1 (fr) 1990-04-25

Family

ID=6271981

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86106512A Expired - Lifetime EP0204185B1 (fr) 1985-05-30 1986-05-14 Unité de chauffage à radiation

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4713527A (fr)
EP (1) EP0204185B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61279091A (fr)
AT (1) ATE52374T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3519350A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8707400A1 (fr)
YU (1) YU91986A (fr)
ZA (1) ZA863604B (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1988004874A1 (fr) * 1986-12-19 1988-06-30 Compagnie Royale Asturienne Des Mines, Societe Ano Elements plats de chauffage electrique
BE1000397A4 (fr) * 1987-03-20 1988-11-22 Asturienne Mines Comp Royale Elements plats de chauffage electrique.
EP0571054A2 (fr) * 1988-05-27 1993-11-24 Ceramaspeed Limited Appareils de chauffage électriques rayonnants
EP0644707A1 (fr) * 1993-09-17 1995-03-22 Wacker-Chemie GmbH Elément de chauffage par radiation, en particulier pour une plaque vitrocéramique
WO1998017596A1 (fr) * 1996-10-24 1998-04-30 Wacker-Chemie Gmbh Corps moule calorifuge et son procede de fabrication

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8711209U1 (de) * 1987-08-18 1987-10-01 E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc u. Fischer, 7519 Oberderdingen Elektrischer Heizkörper
US5177339A (en) * 1988-05-27 1993-01-05 Ceramaspeed Limited Radiant electric heaters
DE3828192A1 (de) * 1988-08-19 1990-02-22 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Strahlheizkoerper sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu seiner herstellung
DE4229375C2 (de) * 1992-09-03 2000-05-04 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Strahlungs-Heizkörper
US5796075A (en) * 1992-03-09 1998-08-18 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerate Blanc Und Fisher Gmbh & Co. Kg Heater, particularly for kitchen appliances
GB2275163B (en) * 1993-02-11 1996-04-03 Ceramaspeed Ltd Radiant electric heater and method
GB2275161B (en) * 1993-02-11 1996-05-15 Ceramaspeed Ltd Method of manufacturing a radiant electric heater
GB2275160B (en) * 1993-02-11 1996-04-03 Ceramaspeed Ltd Method of manufacturing a radiant electric heater
GB2278261B (en) * 1993-05-21 1996-07-03 Ceramaspeed Ltd Method of manufacturing a radiant electric heater
DE4320214A1 (de) * 1993-06-18 1994-12-22 Belzig Elektrowaerme Gmbh Anordnungen elektrischer Verbindungen und Elemente hierfür
GB2287388B (en) * 1994-03-09 1997-07-16 Ceramaspeed Ltd Radiant electric heater
DE19522798A1 (de) * 1995-06-23 1997-01-02 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Strahlungsheizkörpers und Strahlungsheizkörper
DE19755114A1 (de) * 1997-12-11 1999-06-17 Ego Elektro Geraetebau Gmbh Heizkörper, insbesondere für Küchengeräte
US6875963B2 (en) * 1999-04-23 2005-04-05 Malden Mills Industries, Inc. Electric heating/warming fabric articles
DE102006001151B3 (de) * 2006-01-06 2007-05-10 Von Ardenne Anlagentechnik Gmbh Heizerfeld eines Strahlungsheizers mit einer Heizspirale
CA2594248A1 (fr) * 2007-07-20 2009-01-20 Mabe Canada Inc. Bloc chauffant
US9386634B2 (en) * 2011-04-15 2016-07-05 Tutco, Inc. Electrical resistance heater assembly and method of use
KR101575314B1 (ko) * 2014-03-18 2015-12-07 현대자동차 주식회사 차량용 알루미늄 휠 및 그 제조 방법
JP6219229B2 (ja) * 2014-05-19 2017-10-25 東京エレクトロン株式会社 ヒータ給電機構

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DE1796312A1 (de) * 1962-08-01 1972-05-04 Heinz Maschke Verfahren zur Herstellung von Koerpern aus feuerfestem Isoliermaterial
FR2380681A1 (fr) * 1977-02-10 1978-09-08 Micropore International Ltd Perfectionnements aux ensembles de chauffage electriques
AT353670B (de) * 1975-11-13 1979-11-26 Isovolta Verfahren zur herstellung von leichtplatten
US4272388A (en) * 1976-11-12 1981-06-09 Harald Wermelin Lightweight injectable, thixotropic foam insulating material
EP0035280A2 (fr) * 1980-03-05 1981-09-09 Grünzweig + Hartmann und Glasfaser AG Dispositif d'isolation thermique d'une source de chaleur

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US3904539A (en) * 1973-01-02 1975-09-09 Grefco Insulation having a reduced thermal conductivity
DE2551137C2 (de) * 1975-11-14 1986-04-24 E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc u. Fischer, 7519 Oberderdingen Elektrischer Strahlungsheizkörper für Glaskeramikkochplatten
ZA774922B (en) * 1977-03-09 1978-06-28 Emerson Electric Co Open coil heater
DE2729929C3 (de) * 1977-07-02 1981-10-08 Karl 7519 Oberderdingen Fischer Strahlungs-Heizeinheit für Glaskeramik-Elektrokochgeräte
DE2820114C2 (de) * 1978-05-09 1987-02-05 E.G.O. Austria Elektro-Geräte GmbH, Heinsfels, Osttirol Strahlungs-Heizeinheit insbesondere für Glaskeramik-Elektrokochgeräte
DE3102935A1 (de) * 1981-01-29 1982-09-02 Grünzweig + Hartmann und Glasfaser AG, 6700 Ludwigshafen Vorrichtung zur waermedaemmenden lagerung einer elektrischen heizwendel, insbesondere fuer eine strahlungsbeheizte kochplatte, sowie waermedaemmplatte hierzu und verfahren zu ihrer herstellung
DE3129239A1 (de) * 1981-07-24 1983-02-10 E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc u. Fischer, 7519 Oberderdingen Elektrischer heizkoerper fuer die beheizung einer platte und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE3144661A1 (de) * 1981-11-10 1983-05-19 Wacker-Chemie GmbH, 8000 München Heizplatte
DE3275804D1 (en) * 1982-10-20 1987-04-23 Elpag Ag Chur Electric heating device for ranges or cooking plates
EP0110143B1 (fr) * 1982-10-29 1986-12-30 COMPAGNIE EUROPEENNE POUR L'EQUIPEMENT MENAGER "CEPEM" Société anonyme dite: Appareil à enceinte de cuisson

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1796312A1 (de) * 1962-08-01 1972-05-04 Heinz Maschke Verfahren zur Herstellung von Koerpern aus feuerfestem Isoliermaterial
AT353670B (de) * 1975-11-13 1979-11-26 Isovolta Verfahren zur herstellung von leichtplatten
US4272388A (en) * 1976-11-12 1981-06-09 Harald Wermelin Lightweight injectable, thixotropic foam insulating material
FR2380681A1 (fr) * 1977-02-10 1978-09-08 Micropore International Ltd Perfectionnements aux ensembles de chauffage electriques
EP0035280A2 (fr) * 1980-03-05 1981-09-09 Grünzweig + Hartmann und Glasfaser AG Dispositif d'isolation thermique d'une source de chaleur

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1988004874A1 (fr) * 1986-12-19 1988-06-30 Compagnie Royale Asturienne Des Mines, Societe Ano Elements plats de chauffage electrique
EP0276644A1 (fr) * 1986-12-19 1988-08-03 COMPAGNIE ROYALE ASTURIENNE DES MINES, Société Anonyme Eléments plats de chauffage électrique
BE1000397A4 (fr) * 1987-03-20 1988-11-22 Asturienne Mines Comp Royale Elements plats de chauffage electrique.
EP0571054A2 (fr) * 1988-05-27 1993-11-24 Ceramaspeed Limited Appareils de chauffage électriques rayonnants
EP0571054A3 (fr) * 1988-05-27 1994-02-16 Ceramaspeed Ltd
EP0644707A1 (fr) * 1993-09-17 1995-03-22 Wacker-Chemie GmbH Elément de chauffage par radiation, en particulier pour une plaque vitrocéramique
US5532458A (en) * 1993-09-17 1996-07-02 Wacker-Chemie Gmbh Radiant heater, in particular, for heating a glass-ceramic hot plate
WO1998017596A1 (fr) * 1996-10-24 1998-04-30 Wacker-Chemie Gmbh Corps moule calorifuge et son procede de fabrication
US6180927B1 (en) 1996-10-24 2001-01-30 Wacker-Chemie Gmbh Heat insulating moulded body and process for producing the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
YU91986A (en) 1988-04-30
EP0204185B1 (fr) 1990-04-25
DE3519350A1 (de) 1986-12-04
JPS61279091A (ja) 1986-12-09
DE3670748D1 (de) 1990-05-31
ES555448A0 (es) 1987-07-01
ES8707400A1 (es) 1987-07-01
ZA863604B (en) 1986-12-30
US4713527A (en) 1987-12-15
ATE52374T1 (de) 1990-05-15

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