EP0200579B1 - Device for storing tubes in a cryogenic vessel - Google Patents

Device for storing tubes in a cryogenic vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0200579B1
EP0200579B1 EP86400479A EP86400479A EP0200579B1 EP 0200579 B1 EP0200579 B1 EP 0200579B1 EP 86400479 A EP86400479 A EP 86400479A EP 86400479 A EP86400479 A EP 86400479A EP 0200579 B1 EP0200579 B1 EP 0200579B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tubes
drawer
drawers
liquid nitrogen
grating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86400479A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0200579A1 (en
Inventor
Daniel Delatte
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority to AT86400479T priority Critical patent/ATE35048T1/en
Publication of EP0200579A1 publication Critical patent/EP0200579A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0200579B1 publication Critical patent/EP0200579B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D25/00—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled
    • F25D25/005—Charging, supporting, and discharging the articles to be cooled using containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L9/00—Supporting devices; Holding devices
    • B01L9/06—Test-tube stands; Test-tube holders

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for storing in liquid nitrogen tubes having different stirrers, device of the type comprising a superposition of removable drawers sliding in a chassis, this chassis comprising at least one rack suitable for receiving at least two drawers . It applies in particular to the storage of biological products in liquid nitrogen.
  • the tubes intended for the cryogenic storage of biological products such as animal or human seeds normally have a standard diameter but different heights, corresponding to samples of 2 ml and 5 ml. It is therefore currently necessary to have two types of storage devices, one for each type of tube.
  • a known device of the aforementioned type, described in DE-A-2 528 152, is not suitable for immersion in liquid nitrogen, because if a drawer is removed, the tubes contained in the drawer located below are no longer held up.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a storage device offering great flexibility thanks to the possibility of storing simultaneously and in variable proportions in liquid nitrogen the two types of tubes.
  • the invention relates to a storage device of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the rack comprises a removable horizontal intermediate partition adapted to be placed between the two drawers and which, in this position, supports the upper drawer and retains the tubes contained in the lower drawer.
  • each drawer is provided, at an intermediate height, with a grid for positioning the tubes, this grid comprising, for each tube, a hole which can be freely traversed by it and surrounded by reliefs for lateral support of the tube. It is then advantageous that the grid is removable and rotatable.
  • the storage module 1 shown in the drawing is intended to hold a number of tubes 2, 3 for preserving biological products in a container (not shown) filled with liquid nitrogen.
  • a container not shown
  • several modules 1 are stacked and fixed to each other, for example by welding or clipping, to occupy the entire height of the container, the upper module being equipped with a handle.
  • the module 1 shown has, in plan, a rectangular shape, it can also have another shape, for example triangular, so that all the stacks of modules make the best use of the space available in the container.
  • the module 1 comprises a rack 4, two drawers 5 each equipped with a grid 6 (the upper drawer and the grids 6 have not been shown in FIG. 2, for the sake of clarity of the drawing), and a partition 7 All these elements are made of a plastic material adapted to withstand cryogenic temperatures.
  • the tubes 2 and 3 have a common diameter, but the tubes 3 have a height approximately twice that of the tubes 2. They are intended to store samples of 2 ml (tubes 2) and 5 ml (tubes 3) respectively.
  • the locker 4 is parallelepiped and open on its front face. Its upper and lower faces are full, and its three other faces largely perforated by pairs of windows 8 separated by horizontal members 9 located halfway up the rack. Each lateral member has an internal groove 10, and the rear member has a snap-in recess 11.
  • Each drawer 5 is open upwards. Its front face 12, of reduced height, has a central tab 13 for gripping. On its inner periphery, the drawer has a number of vertical ribs 14 extending approximately halfway up. Furthermore, although this is not shown, the drawer has at its bottom at least one opening for draining liquid nitrogen, and also external snap reliefs for keeping it in position in the rack.
  • each drawer Associated with each drawer is a grid 6, a corner of which is shown in FIG. 3.
  • This grid comprises a large number of circular trQUS 15 whose diameter is slightly greater than that of the tubes 2 and 3 - and, between these holes, a large number of cylindrical pins 16 arranged in a picot manner is slightly less than half that of a drawer.
  • the partition 7 is a rectangular plate, the lateral edges of which are adapted to slide in the grooves 10 of the rack and the rear edge of which has a latching relief 17 in the recess 11.
  • each tube 2 of 2 ml is socked.
  • the corresponding grid 6 is placed on the ribs 14, with the pins 16 facing downward, and the tubes 2 are placed in the hole 15.
  • each tube 2 is held in vertical position and can easily be grabbed by its upper part to be extracted.
  • the partition 7 is put in place, the lower drawer 5 is inserted under it, pressing on the lower bottom of the rack 4, and the upper drawer 5 is inserted above the partition, pressing on this one.
  • the height of the tubes is such that each rests on the bottom of the corresponding drawer and rises to a level slightly lower than the wall which surmounts it: the partition 7 for the lower tubes 2, the upper wall of the rack 4 for the upper 2 tubes.
  • the tubes 2 When all of the modules 1 are immersed in liquid nitrogen, the tubes 2 tend to float on this liquid and therefore to rise. They are retained vertically, one by the partition 7, the other by the upper wall of the crate, and laterally by the pins 16 (which, as a variant, could be replaced by cylindrical collars). It can be seen that one or the other of the drawers 5 can be extracted without disturbing the positioning of the tubes 2 of the other drawer, thanks to the double role of the partition 7: support of the upper drawer on the one hand, retained vertical of the lower tubes on the other hand.
  • the other mode of use of the module 1, used for the storage of tubes 3 of 5 ml, is illustrated in the right half of Figure 1: the upper drawer is removed, and the grid 6 of the lower drawer is supported on the ribs 14 of the latter, but this time with the pins 16 facing upwards.
  • the long tubes 3 are arranged in the holes 15 and extend from the bottom of the lower drawer to a location close to the upper wall of the rack 4. More precisely, the distance separating this wall from the upper end of the tubes 3 is significantly lower than that which separates the bottom of the drawer from the top of the pins 16.
  • the tubes 3 When the module is immersed in liquid nitrogen, the tubes 3 tend to float on this liquid and therefore to rise, but they are held vertically by the upper wall of the crate 4 and guided laterally by the pins 16. Thus, from again, the arrangement of the tubes is not disturbed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)

Abstract

Each module (1) of this device comprises a bin (4), two removable drawers (5) and a removable intermediate partition (7). When the two drawers are in position, tubes (2) of small height can be stored. When the upper drawer and the partition (7) are withdrawn, tubes (3) of greater height can be stored. Each drawer is provided with a grating (6) for laterally maintaining the tubes. Application in the storage of biological specimens in liquid nitrogen.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un dispositif de stockage dans l'azote liquide de tubes ayant des hareteurs différentes, dispositif du type comprenant une superposition de tiroirs amovibles coulissant dans un châssis, ce châssis comprenant au moins un casier adapté pour recevoir au moins deux tiroirs. Elle s'applique en particulier au stockage de produits biologiques dans l'azote liquide.The present invention relates to a device for storing in liquid nitrogen tubes having different stirrers, device of the type comprising a superposition of removable drawers sliding in a chassis, this chassis comprising at least one rack suitable for receiving at least two drawers . It applies in particular to the storage of biological products in liquid nitrogen.

Les tubes destinés au stockage cryogénique des produits biologiques tels que les semences animales ou humaines présentent normalement un diamètre standard mais des hauteurs différentes, correspondant à des échantillons de 2 ml et de 5 ml. Il faut donc actuellement disposer de deux types de dispositifs de stockage, un pour chaque type de tubes.The tubes intended for the cryogenic storage of biological products such as animal or human seeds normally have a standard diameter but different heights, corresponding to samples of 2 ml and 5 ml. It is therefore currently necessary to have two types of storage devices, one for each type of tube.

Un dispositif connu du type précité, décrit dans le DE-A-2 528 152, ne convient pas pour l'immersion dans l'azote liquide, car si l'on enlève un tiroir, les tubes contenus dans le tiroir situé au-dessous ne sont plus retenus vers le haut.A known device of the aforementioned type, described in DE-A-2 528 152, is not suitable for immersion in liquid nitrogen, because if a drawer is removed, the tubes contained in the drawer located below are no longer held up.

L'invention a pour but de fournir un dispositif de stockage offrant une grande souplesse grâce à la possibilité de stocker simultanément et dans des proportions variables dans l'azote liquide les deux types de tubes.The object of the invention is to provide a storage device offering great flexibility thanks to the possibility of storing simultaneously and in variable proportions in liquid nitrogen the two types of tubes.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un dispositif de stockage du type précité, caractérisé en ce que le casier comporte une cloison horizontale intermédiaire amoible adaptée pour être disposée entre les deux tiroirs et qui, dans cette position, supporte le tiroir supérieur et retient les tubes contenus dans le tiroir inférieur.To this end, the invention relates to a storage device of the aforementioned type, characterized in that the rack comprises a removable horizontal intermediate partition adapted to be placed between the two drawers and which, in this position, supports the upper drawer and retains the tubes contained in the lower drawer.

De préférence, pour assurer un bon mantien des tubes, chaque tiroir est muni, à une hauteur intermédiaire, d'une grille de positonnement des tubes, cette grille comportant, pour chaque tube, un trou pouvant être traversé librement par celui-ci et entouré par des reliefs de maintien latéral du tube. Il est alros avantageux que la grille soit amovible et rerournable. Ces dispositions sont connues en soir d'après le US-A-3 113 689.Preferably, to ensure good support of the tubes, each drawer is provided, at an intermediate height, with a grid for positioning the tubes, this grid comprising, for each tube, a hole which can be freely traversed by it and surrounded by reliefs for lateral support of the tube. It is then advantageous that the grid is removable and rotatable. These arrangements are known in the evening from US-A-3 113 689.

Un exemple de réalisation de l'invention va maintenent être décrit en regard du dessin annexé, sur lequel:

  • - la figure 1 est une vue de face, avec arrachements et coupe partielle, d'un module d'un dispositif de stockage conforme à l'invention, illustré dans deux configurations différentes d'utilisation;
  • - la figure 2 est une vue partielle en perspective éclatée du module de la figure 1; et
  • - la figure 3 est une vue partielle en plan d'une grille de positionnement des tubes.
An exemplary embodiment of the invention will now be described with reference to the appended drawing, in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a front view, with cutaway and partial section, of a module of a storage device according to the invention, illustrated in two different configurations of use;
  • - Figure 2 is a partial exploded perspective view of the module of Figure 1; and
  • - Figure 3 is a partial plan view of a grid for positioning the tubes.

Le module de stockage 1 représenté au dessin est destiné à maintenir un cartain nombre de tubes 2, 3 de conservation de produits biologiques dans un récipient (non représenté) empli d'azote liquide. En pratique, plusieurs modules 1 sont empilés et fixés les uns aux autres, par exemple par soudage ou clipsage, pour occuper toute la hauteur de récipient, le module supérieur étant équipé d'une poignée. De plus, bien que le module 1 représenté ait, en plan, une forme rectangulaire, il peut aussi avoir une autre forme, par exemple triangulaire, afin que l'ensemble des piles de modules utilise au mieux l'espace disponible dans le récipient.The storage module 1 shown in the drawing is intended to hold a number of tubes 2, 3 for preserving biological products in a container (not shown) filled with liquid nitrogen. In practice, several modules 1 are stacked and fixed to each other, for example by welding or clipping, to occupy the entire height of the container, the upper module being equipped with a handle. In addition, although the module 1 shown has, in plan, a rectangular shape, it can also have another shape, for example triangular, so that all the stacks of modules make the best use of the space available in the container.

Le module 1 comprend un casier 4, deux tiroirs 5 équipés chacun d'une grille 6 (le tiroir supérieur et les grilles 6 n'ont pas été représentés à la figure 2, dans un but de clarté du dessin), et une cloison 7. Tous ces éléments sont réalisés en une matière plastique adaptée pour supporter les températures cryogéniques.The module 1 comprises a rack 4, two drawers 5 each equipped with a grid 6 (the upper drawer and the grids 6 have not been shown in FIG. 2, for the sake of clarity of the drawing), and a partition 7 All these elements are made of a plastic material adapted to withstand cryogenic temperatures.

Les tubes 2 et 3 ont un diamètre commun, mais les tubes 3 ont une hauteur à peu près double de celle des tubes 2. Ils sont destinés à conserver respectivement des échantillons de 2 ml (tubes 2) et 5 ml (tubes 3).The tubes 2 and 3 have a common diameter, but the tubes 3 have a height approximately twice that of the tubes 2. They are intended to store samples of 2 ml (tubes 2) and 5 ml (tubes 3) respectively.

Le casier 4 est parallélépipédique et ouvert sur sa face avant. Ses faces supérieure et inférieure sont pleines, et ses trois autres faces largement ajourées par des paires de fenêtres 8 séparées par des membrures horizontales 9 situées à mi-hauteur du casier. Chaque membrure latérale comporte une rainure intérieure 10, et la membrure arrière un évidement d'encliquetage 11.The locker 4 is parallelepiped and open on its front face. Its upper and lower faces are full, and its three other faces largely perforated by pairs of windows 8 separated by horizontal members 9 located halfway up the rack. Each lateral member has an internal groove 10, and the rear member has a snap-in recess 11.

Chaque tiroir 5 est ouvert vers le haut. Sa face avant 12, de hauteur réduite, présente une languette médiane 13 de préhension. Sur son pourtour intérieur, le tiroir présente un cartain nombre de nervures verticales 14 s'étendant à peu près jusqu'à mi-hauteur. Par ailleurs, bien que ce ne soit pas représenté, le tiroir comporte dans son fond au moins une ouverture de vidange d'azote liquide, et également des reliefs extérieurs d'encliquetage pous son maintien en position dans le casier.Each drawer 5 is open upwards. Its front face 12, of reduced height, has a central tab 13 for gripping. On its inner periphery, the drawer has a number of vertical ribs 14 extending approximately halfway up. Furthermore, although this is not shown, the drawer has at its bottom at least one opening for draining liquid nitrogen, and also external snap reliefs for keeping it in position in the rack.

A chaque tiroir est associé une grille 6 dont un coin est représenté à la figure 3. Cette grille comporte un grand nombre de trQUS circulaires 15 dont le diamètre est légèrement supérieur à celui des tubes 2 et 3-et, entre ces trous, un grand nombre de picots cylidriques 16 disposés de façon picot est légèrment inférieure à la moitié de celle d'un tiroir.Associated with each drawer is a grid 6, a corner of which is shown in FIG. 3. This grid comprises a large number of circular trQUS 15 whose diameter is slightly greater than that of the tubes 2 and 3 - and, between these holes, a large number of cylindrical pins 16 arranged in a picot manner is slightly less than half that of a drawer.

La cloison 7 est une plaque rectangulaire dont les bords latéraux sont adaptés pour coulisser dans les rainures 10 du casier et dont le bord arrière présente un relief 17 d'encliquetage dans l'évidement 11.The partition 7 is a rectangular plate, the lateral edges of which are adapted to slide in the grooves 10 of the rack and the rear edge of which has a latching relief 17 in the recess 11.

Dans un premier mode d'utilisation du module 1, illustré sur la moitié gauche de la figurel, on socke des tubes 2 de 2 ml. Dans chacun des deux tiroirs, on pose la grille correspondante 6 sur les nervures 14, avec les picots 16 orientés vers le bas, et on dispose les tubes 2 dans le trous 15. Ainsi, chaque tube 2 est maintenu en positon verticale et peut facilement être saisi par sa partie supérieure pour être extrait.In a first mode of use of module 1, illustrated on the left half of the figurel, tubes 2 of 2 ml are socked. In each of the two drawers, the corresponding grid 6 is placed on the ribs 14, with the pins 16 facing downward, and the tubes 2 are placed in the hole 15. Thus, each tube 2 is held in vertical position and can easily be grabbed by its upper part to be extracted.

La cloison 7 est mise en place, le tiroir 5 inférieur est inséré sous celle-ci, en appui sur le fond inférieur du casier 4, et le tiroir 5 supérieur est inséré au-dessus de la cloison, en appui sur celle-ci. La hauteur des tubes est telle que chacun s'appuie sur le fond du tiroir correspondant et s'élève jusqu'à un niveau légèrement inférieur à la paroi qui le surmonte: la cloison 7 pour les tubes 2 inférieurs, la paroi supérieure du casier 4 pour les tubes 2 supérieurs.The partition 7 is put in place, the lower drawer 5 is inserted under it, pressing on the lower bottom of the rack 4, and the upper drawer 5 is inserted above the partition, pressing on this one. The height of the tubes is such that each rests on the bottom of the corresponding drawer and rises to a level slightly lower than the wall which surmounts it: the partition 7 for the lower tubes 2, the upper wall of the rack 4 for the upper 2 tubes.

Lorsque l'ensemble des modules 1 est immergé dans l'azote liquide, les tubes 2 ont tendance à flotter sur ce liquide et donc à se soulever. Il sont retenus verticalement les uns par la cloison 7, les autres par la paroi supérieure du casier, et latéralement par les picots 16 (qui, en variante, pourraient être remplacés par des collets cylindriques). On voit que l'on peut extraire l'un ou l'autre des tiroirs 5 sans perturber le positionnement des tubes 2 de l'autre tiroir, grâce au double rôle de la cloisin 7: support du tiroir supérieur d'une part, retenue verticale des tubes inférieurs d'autre part.When all of the modules 1 are immersed in liquid nitrogen, the tubes 2 tend to float on this liquid and therefore to rise. They are retained vertically, one by the partition 7, the other by the upper wall of the crate, and laterally by the pins 16 (which, as a variant, could be replaced by cylindrical collars). It can be seen that one or the other of the drawers 5 can be extracted without disturbing the positioning of the tubes 2 of the other drawer, thanks to the double role of the partition 7: support of the upper drawer on the one hand, retained vertical of the lower tubes on the other hand.

L'autre mode d'utilisation du module 1, servant au stockage de tubes 3 de 5 ml, est illustré dans la moitié droite de la figure 1: le tiroir supérieur est retiré, et la grille 6 du tiroir inférieur est en appui sur les nervures 14 de ce dernier, mais, cette fois, avec les picots 16 orientés vers le haut. Les tubes longs 3 sont disposés dans les trous 15 et s'étendent du fond du tiroir inférieur jusqu'à un emplacement voisin de la paroi supérieur du casier 4. Plus précisément, la distance séparant cette paroi de l'extrémité supérieure des tubes 3 est nettenment inférieure à celle qui sépare le fond du tiroir du sommet des picots 16.The other mode of use of the module 1, used for the storage of tubes 3 of 5 ml, is illustrated in the right half of Figure 1: the upper drawer is removed, and the grid 6 of the lower drawer is supported on the ribs 14 of the latter, but this time with the pins 16 facing upwards. The long tubes 3 are arranged in the holes 15 and extend from the bottom of the lower drawer to a location close to the upper wall of the rack 4. More precisely, the distance separating this wall from the upper end of the tubes 3 is significantly lower than that which separates the bottom of the drawer from the top of the pins 16.

Lorsque le module est immergé dans l'azote liquide, les tubes 3 ont tendance à flotter sur ce liquide et donc à se soulever, mais ils sont retenus verticalement par la paroi supérieure du casier 4 et guidés latéralement par les picots 16. Ainsi, de nouveau, l'agencement des tubes n'est pas perturbé.When the module is immersed in liquid nitrogen, the tubes 3 tend to float on this liquid and therefore to rise, but they are held vertically by the upper wall of the crate 4 and guided laterally by the pins 16. Thus, from again, the arrangement of the tubes is not disturbed.

On voit que l'on dispose ainsi d'un dispositif de stockage très souple permettant de conserver des tubes de différentes longueurs. Avec des diamètres différentes, ces tubes pourraient également posséder trois tiroirs et deux cloisons intermédiaires, pour accroître encore les possibilités d'utilisation.It can be seen that there is thus a very flexible storage device making it possible to store tubes of different lengths. With different diameters, these tubes could also have three drawers and two intermediate partitions, to further increase the possibilities of use.

Claims (4)

1. Device for storing tubes (2, 3) of different heights in liquid nitrogen, in particular for storing biological products in liquid nitrogen, of the kind comprising a set of superposed removable drawers (5) sliding in a framework, this framework comprising at least one bin (4) adapted to receive at least two drawers (5), characterised in that the bin comprises a removable intermediate horizontal partition (7) adapted to be positioned between the two drawers (5) and which, in this position, supports the upper drawer and retains the tubes contained in the lower drawer.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that each drawer (5) is provided at an intermediate height with a grating (6) for positioning of the tubes (2, 3), this grating comprising for each tube, a hole (15) which may be traversed freely by the latter and which is enflanked by projections (16) for lateral retention of the tube.
3. Device according to claim 2, characterised in that the grating (6) may be removed and turner over.
4. Device according to any one of the claims 1 to 3, characterised in that it comprises a set of superposed bins (4) secured to each other, the top bin being provided with a grasping handle.
EP86400479A 1985-03-26 1986-03-07 Device for storing tubes in a cryogenic vessel Expired EP0200579B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86400479T ATE35048T1 (en) 1985-03-26 1986-03-07 APPARATUS FOR STORING TUBES IN A CRYOGENIC CONTAINER.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8504458A FR2579733B1 (en) 1985-03-26 1985-03-26 DEVICE FOR STORING TUBES IN A CRYOGENIC CONTAINER
FR8504458 1985-03-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0200579A1 EP0200579A1 (en) 1986-11-05
EP0200579B1 true EP0200579B1 (en) 1988-06-08

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US (1) US4665713A (en)
EP (1) EP0200579B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE35048T1 (en)
AU (1) AU576143B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1285780C (en)
DE (1) DE3660296D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2579733B1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA861973B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0200579A1 (en) 1986-11-05
DE3660296D1 (en) 1988-07-14
ZA861973B (en) 1986-11-26
CA1285780C (en) 1991-07-09
FR2579733B1 (en) 1987-11-20
FR2579733A1 (en) 1986-10-03
ATE35048T1 (en) 1988-06-15
AU576143B2 (en) 1988-08-11
US4665713A (en) 1987-05-19
AU5487186A (en) 1986-10-02

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