EP0198801B1 - Assemblage comprenant un boîtier plat fixé sur un textile ou une matière mince synthétique ou naturelle - Google Patents
Assemblage comprenant un boîtier plat fixé sur un textile ou une matière mince synthétique ou naturelle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0198801B1 EP0198801B1 EP86810172A EP86810172A EP0198801B1 EP 0198801 B1 EP0198801 B1 EP 0198801B1 EP 86810172 A EP86810172 A EP 86810172A EP 86810172 A EP86810172 A EP 86810172A EP 0198801 B1 EP0198801 B1 EP 0198801B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ring
- housing
- textile
- assembly according
- circular bottom
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 210000002105 tongue Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 210000000707 wrist Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000004247 hand Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004177 elastic tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003813 thumb Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B37/00—Cases
- G04B37/14—Suspending devices, supports or stands for time-pieces insofar as they form part of the case
- G04B37/1486—Arrangements for fixing to a bracelet
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
- G04B37/00—Cases
- G04B37/14—Suspending devices, supports or stands for time-pieces insofar as they form part of the case
- G04B37/1406—Means for fixing the clockwork pieces on other objects (possibly on walls)
- G04B37/1433—Fixation on items of clothing, e.g. with clips
Definitions
- the subject of the invention is an assembly comprising a flat housing fixed to a textile or a synthetic or natural thin material.
- the flat case of the assembly is intended to receive a watch movement.
- the main object of the invention is to propose the removable assembly of a watch and a textile support or of a synthetic or natural thin material. The watch can thus be fixed or clipped removably on the textile support or on the thin material.
- a research carried out by the holder has made it possible to find in the prior art anteriority which consists of a watch contained in a plastic case, which is fixedly fixed on a wrist band arranged to be placed around a wrist at the using Velcro elements.
- the watch is thus made integral with the textile band in an irremovable manner.
- Also known from Swiss patent 536083 is a watch strap having an opening surrounded by a reinforcement frame (formed of a spring wire), embedded in the material of the strap.
- the edge of the opening is intended to cooperate with a groove made in a part of the watch case, which is for the most part hidden under the strap.
- German utility model 1790789 describes the crimping of a U-shaped band on the ends of the strands of a bracelet. Attaching the strap to the watch case requires the use of screws, and therefore requires a tool to separate the strap from the watch case.
- the object of the invention is to propose an assembly between a flat case and a textile allowing a removable fixing of the case on the textile, that is to say allowing the user to remove and replace the flat case on the textile.
- the assembly according to the invention is characterized in that the textile or the thin material comprises a ring crimped around the periphery of a hole previously made in the textile at a predetermined location, the housing having a circular bottom introduced into the ring and substantially the same thickness as the latter, the ring having a circular rim provided on the inner periphery of the ring and intended to cooperate with a corresponding boss, at least indirectly secured to a locking ring fixed on the housing, to ensure a removable fixing of the case on the textile.
- the circular bottom of the case comprises at least two flexible tongues having on their outer face the boss capable of cooperating with the circular edge of the ring and s 'extending parallel and adjacent to the circular bottom of the housing, so as to provide a space between the circular bottom of the housing and the tongues, space intended to receive the locking ring arranged to press the tongues against the edge of the ring crimped on the textile or synthetic or natural material.
- Spacing ribs can be placed around the circumference of the circular bottom, so as to fill the space between the circular bottom and the ring on either side of the tongues.
- the circumference of the circular bottom of the housing comprises a thread cooperating with a corresponding thread provided inside the blocking ring coming to be inserted between the circular bottom of the housing and the ring crimped on the textile or the material thin synthetic or natural and having a boss capable of cooperating with the circular edge of the ring.
- the ring can be made of metal, in particular aluminum. However, it can also be made of a plastic material.
- the case is intended to contain a watch movement.
- it can also be provided to receive a compass or simply be provided with a waterproof cover so as to receive and retain small objects.
- the housing can be made of plastic.
- the textile can be an elastic wristband or a headband.
- the assembly of the case can be carried out on any piece of clothing, for example near the waistband of pants, on the pocket or cuff of a shirt, etc.
- the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing the assembly, in which a flexible counter-piece is applied to the textile or the thin material, the diameter of the counter-piece being slightly greater than the diameter of the ring which will be crimped later, the hole is drilled together to the diameter of the ring, heat treatment is applied to the edges of the hole and the ring is inserted and crimped.
- the manufacturing process can be characterized in that the textile is pierced with the diameter of the ring and in that the ring is introduced and hot crimped.
- the ring will generally be made of plastic and it can be either crimped or injected.
- the drawing shows by way of example an embodiment of an assembly according to the invention.
- the mode of execution of the assembly 1 represented in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 comprises a wrist band 2 on which is fixed a case 3 containing a watch movement 4 with dial and hands.
- the wrist band 2 is made of cotton fabric containing woven elastics.
- the strip On its inner face 5, the strip has a looped weft, so that the face of the strip in contact with the user's wrist is in the form of a terry cloth.
- the headband 2 is made, as mentioned above, of cotton and the elastic weft is chosen and arranged so as to let the skin breathe and so as to avoid any allergy for the user.
- a ring 6 crimped on the periphery of a hole 7 previously drilled on the said strip to the diameter of the ring 6.
- the ring 6 is crimped on the periphery of the hole 7 after a counterpart 8 has been previously applied against the inner surface of the strip and that the peripheral area of the edge 7 has been heat treated so as to retain the elastic fibers of said strip after the hole has been cut.
- the counterpiece 8 is either glued against the underside 5 of the strip 2, or applied by a hot treatment. In this case, it will have an adhesive or it will be made of a material capable of sticking against the face 5 during the application of the hot treatment.
- the ring 6 has a circular rim 10 which will serve as a point of attachment to the housing 3 as explained below.
- the housing 3 (fig. 2 and 3) comprises a circular bottom 11 and two tongues 12 and 13 extending parallel and adjacent on either side of the circular bottom 11.
- the tongues 12 and 13 have on their outside face a boss 14 intended to come into engagement with the rim 10 of the ring 6, so as to retain the housing in place in the ring 6 (fig. 3).
- An annular space is provided between the tongues 12 and 13 and the circular bottom 11 of the housing 3, this annular space being intended to receive a fixing ring 15 arranged to press the tongues 12 and 13 against the ring 6.
- the ring 15 is simply pressed into the recess provided between the tongues 12 and 13 and the edge of the circular bottom 11 of the housing and is held in place by friction.
- the ring 15 is removed and the housing 3 is separated from the textile 2 by a simple pressure of the thumb applied to the circular bottom 11 of the housing.
- the circular bottom 11 of the housing also has spacing ribs 16 and 17 placed between the tongues 12 and 13. These ribs 16 and 17 are intended to prevent any lateral displacement of the housing relative to the ring 6.
- the height of the ribs 16 and 17 is about half the height of the tongues 12 and 13, so that the ring 15 can be put in place without abutting against said ribs.
- the rib 16 finally has a notch 18 making it possible to place the watch winder 19 (fig. 2).
- the housing 11 has on its circumference a thread 20 cooperating with a corresponding thread 21 of a ring 22.
- the housing 3 of the variant of FIG. 4 has exactly the same configuration as that of the previous embodiment.
- the ring 6 crimped on the strip 2 and the counterpiece 8 also has the same configuration as the ring 6 of the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 with its circular rim 10. The ring 22 is thus screwed onto the circular bottom 11 of the housing 3 after the latter has been introduced into the ring 6.
- the ring 22 which has a rim 23 corresponding to the rim 10 of the ring 6, comes to rest on the latter and thus tighten the housing 3 against the said ring 6.
- the ring 22 has on its outer periphery spikes 24 which will make it possible to carry out the 'operation of screwing and tightening the assembly.
- the thickness of the upper part of the ring 2 fills as shown in the variant of FIG. 4, the space between the ring 6 and the circular bottom 11 of the housing 3 and thus prevents any lateral displacement of said housing 3 relative to the ring.
- you want to separate the housing 3 from the textile 2 simply unscrew the ring 22 and take out the housing 3 from above.
- the case also includes a watch movement 4 with its dial, its hands and its glass.
- the housing 3 which has just been described with regard to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3, as well as the variant of FIG. 4 is generally made of plastic, as is the clamping ring 15 or 22.
- the ring 6 set on the fabric 2 is in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 3 and in the variant of FIG. 4 made of metal, in particular aluminum.
- the use of metal, in particular aluminum makes it possible to obtain a solid and durable crimping of the ring on the edges of the textile 2 after it has undergone a heat treatment intended to fix the elastic fibers on the periphery of the hole where the ring will be crimped 6.
- the ring 6 can also be made of plastic. In this case, it will either be hot-set after the textile has undergone a heat treatment, or injected into an adequate matrix.
- the assembly which has just been described is carried out between a case containing a watch movement with its dial, its hands and its glass and a wrist band described in detail above. It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that such an assembly can be carried out with any textile or any thin or natural synthetic material.
- the assembly offers the advantage of being able to separate the watch case from the textile on which it is mounted, for example for washing the textile. After washing, the housing 3 will be replaced on the textile.
- the housing 3 can be fixed on a headband, or on any piece of clothing, for example on the pocket or the cuff of a shirt, on the pocket of pants, etc.
- the case 3 containing a watch movement with its dial, its hands and its glass can be placed on any thin synthetic or natural material, for example an object pocket, a briefcase, a wallet, a purse, etc. whether these are made of synthetic material or a natural material, such as leather.
- the advantage provided by the assembly which has just been described consists in the fact that the box can be removed and replaced in accordance with the wishes of the user.
- the housing 3 is arranged to receive a good quality watch, for example a quartz watch with analog display, as shown in FIG. 1. It is also obvious to those skilled in the art that the housing 3 can also be made of metal.
- the housing 3 can be arranged to contain other things than a watch movement, for example a compass, or be provided with a waterproof cover, so as to be able to receive small personal items.
- the assembly which has just been described offers the advantage of proposing the removable and secure fixing of a housing to a textile piece, the housing and the textile having retaining means cooperating to ensure the removable fixing.
- the assembly thus produced does not have any excess thickness, the thickness of the circular bottom of the housing being substantially equal to the thickness of the textile or of the thin material.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Purses, Travelling Bags, Baskets, Or Suitcases (AREA)
- Casings For Electric Apparatus (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH159485A CH662917GA3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1985-04-15 | 1985-04-15 | |
CH1594/85 | 1985-04-15 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0198801A1 EP0198801A1 (fr) | 1986-10-22 |
EP0198801B1 true EP0198801B1 (fr) | 1989-10-18 |
Family
ID=4214065
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP86810172A Expired EP0198801B1 (fr) | 1985-04-15 | 1986-04-15 | Assemblage comprenant un boîtier plat fixé sur un textile ou une matière mince synthétique ou naturelle |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4645102A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
EP (1) | EP0198801B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
CH (1) | CH662917GA3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
DE (1) | DE3666516D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62133181U (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1986-02-10 | 1987-08-22 | ||
CH667967GA3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1987-02-13 | 1988-11-30 | ||
GB2249709A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1992-05-20 | Tai Wai Luk | Attaching watch to sweatband |
FR2678812A1 (fr) * | 1991-07-08 | 1993-01-15 | Kh Creations | Pochette de ceinture pour le transport de menus objets, destinee a etre portee au niveau de la taille. |
US5419475A (en) * | 1992-03-17 | 1995-05-30 | Taisei Plas Co., Ltd. | Shoulder belt |
CH685586B5 (de) * | 1993-07-14 | 1996-02-29 | Andreas Ammann | Schmuck-Zeitmessinstrument. |
SG43006A1 (en) * | 1993-10-15 | 1997-10-17 | Swee Heng Manufacturing Co Pte | Wrist watch strap |
CH685904B5 (de) * | 1994-06-27 | 1996-05-15 | Utc Service Ag | Armbanduhr mit einem Dekorationsring. |
US5762241A (en) * | 1997-01-29 | 1998-06-09 | Sun Company, Inc. | Watchband |
AU7424098A (en) | 1997-05-30 | 1998-12-30 | Schranilova, Denisa | Watch |
US6213634B1 (en) | 2000-01-10 | 2001-04-10 | Ronald L. Harrington | Combined watch and wristband |
US20050083788A1 (en) * | 2003-10-21 | 2005-04-21 | Ogletree Terresa B. | Extensible band for a watch |
US7793361B2 (en) * | 2004-11-12 | 2010-09-14 | Nike, Inc. | Article of apparel incorporating a separable electronic device |
US20070153639A1 (en) * | 2005-12-02 | 2007-07-05 | Ronald Lafever | Flexible band with clip-on watch |
US8677515B2 (en) * | 2006-02-22 | 2014-03-25 | Nike, Inc. | Article of apparel incorporating a covered electronic device |
USD564372S1 (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-03-18 | Sun Coast Merchandise Corporation | Wristband timer |
ITTV20110029A1 (it) * | 2011-02-28 | 2012-08-29 | Ismy Snc Di Scaggiante Francesco & C | Dispositivo in materiale plastico composito per il supporto a polso e a braccio di moduli rimovibili di segnalazione, controllo e multimediali ad uso personale. |
EP3088970A1 (fr) | 2015-04-27 | 2016-11-02 | ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse | Montre destinée à être montée sur un support amovible |
USD1054899S1 (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2024-12-24 | Andres Botero | Dynamic adjustable tension band |
US11737525B2 (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2023-08-29 | 4 Thumbs, Llc | Watchband |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US499891A (en) * | 1893-06-20 | Gustav schlesicky | ||
CH333998A (fr) * | 1956-11-02 | 1958-11-15 | Manuf De Boites De Montres Pau | Montre munie d'un lien pour sa fixation |
DE1790789U (de) * | 1959-03-28 | 1959-06-18 | Franz Regelmann Fa | Armbanduhr. |
CH619367A4 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1967-05-01 | 1975-05-15 | ||
DE6608415U (de) * | 1967-09-22 | 1971-11-25 | Piquerez Sa Ervin | Armbanduhr. |
CH579302B5 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1971-10-26 | 1976-08-31 | Piquerez Sa Ervin | |
CH536083A (fr) * | 1972-03-02 | 1973-04-30 | Multec S A | Montre-bracelet |
JPS5617084B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1974-10-25 | 1981-04-20 | ||
JPS5244669A (en) * | 1975-10-06 | 1977-04-07 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | Construction for connecting watch casing to band |
JPS5368280A (en) * | 1976-11-29 | 1978-06-17 | Seiko Epson Corp | Band fitting device |
-
1985
- 1985-04-15 CH CH159485A patent/CH662917GA3/fr unknown
- 1985-04-25 US US06/727,008 patent/US4645102A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1986
- 1986-04-15 EP EP86810172A patent/EP0198801B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1986-04-15 DE DE8686810172T patent/DE3666516D1/de not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3666516D1 (en) | 1989-11-23 |
EP0198801A1 (fr) | 1986-10-22 |
CH662917GA3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1987-11-13 |
US4645102A (en) | 1987-02-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0198801B1 (fr) | Assemblage comprenant un boîtier plat fixé sur un textile ou une matière mince synthétique ou naturelle | |
EP0294320B1 (fr) | Assemblage comportant un boîtier fixé sur un support | |
EP0226533B1 (fr) | Montre montée sur une pince | |
EP0379540B1 (fr) | Montre-bracelet a bracelet amovible et interchangeable | |
EP1098231A1 (fr) | Boíte pour instrument de petit volume comportant un fond manuellement amovible | |
EP0541001A1 (fr) | Boîte de montre avec un fond séparable | |
FR2507872A1 (fr) | Dispositif de poche pour attacher des boutons | |
FR2849702A1 (fr) | Ensemble de montre du type a boitier dispose sur le dos de la main | |
FR2514699A1 (fr) | Cachet-tampon | |
CH368650A (fr) | Bracelet de montre | |
FR2762758A1 (fr) | Boutons d'accouplement a deux composants separables | |
FR2546727A1 (fr) | Cache pour bouton | |
FR2772563A1 (fr) | Pantoufle cousue | |
FR2601909A1 (fr) | Siege d'automobile et appareil pour fabriquer celui-ci. | |
FR2612054A1 (fr) | Element pour ornementation vestimentaire adaptable sur un bouton passe dans sa boutonniere | |
FR2578416A1 (fr) | Conformateur d'espace interdigital pour brules de la main | |
FR2597626A1 (fr) | Dispositif de fixation d'une montre ou analogue | |
FR3070580A1 (fr) | Accessoire a ruban interchangeable | |
FR2582919A1 (fr) | Clip decoratif amovible pour bouton de vetement, notamment un bouton de poignet de chemise. | |
CH682290A5 (en) | Wrist watch bracelet - has holder between two sections of bracelet on opposite side to watch, designed to hold second instrument or container | |
FR2637469A1 (fr) | Dispositif de support amovible d'une montre | |
FR2782902A1 (fr) | Article de mode destine a etre positionne circonferentiellement autour d'une partie du corps | |
CH493023A (fr) | Boîte de montre | |
BE831014A (fr) | Enveloppe-talon pour chaussures | |
BE493710A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19870415 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19880427 |
|
RAP3 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: SAMEL S.A. |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE FR GB IT |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRE;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.SCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19891018 Ref country code: GB Effective date: 19891018 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 3666516 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19891123 |
|
GBV | Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed] | ||
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Effective date: 19901228 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19910101 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST |