EP0181810B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verdichten durch Hämmern eines in eine Rohrwand eingesetzten Dampfgeneratorrohres - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verdichten durch Hämmern eines in eine Rohrwand eingesetzten Dampfgeneratorrohres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0181810B1
EP0181810B1 EP85402093A EP85402093A EP0181810B1 EP 0181810 B1 EP0181810 B1 EP 0181810B1 EP 85402093 A EP85402093 A EP 85402093A EP 85402093 A EP85402093 A EP 85402093A EP 0181810 B1 EP0181810 B1 EP 0181810B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
sheath
particles
tubular
compressing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85402093A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0181810A1 (de
Inventor
Claude Bianchi
Yves Fournier
Paul Jacquier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Areva NP SAS
Original Assignee
Framatome SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8417130A external-priority patent/FR2572965B1/fr
Priority claimed from FR8510175A external-priority patent/FR2584320B2/fr
Application filed by Framatome SA filed Critical Framatome SA
Publication of EP0181810A1 publication Critical patent/EP0181810A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0181810B1 publication Critical patent/EP0181810B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/32—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks
    • B24C3/325—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks for internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/06—Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of tubes in openings, e.g. rolling-in
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D7/00—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation
    • C21D7/02—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working
    • C21D7/04—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface
    • C21D7/06—Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation by cold working of the surface by shot-peening or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/47—Burnishing
    • Y10T29/479—Burnishing by shot peening or blasting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49373—Tube joint and tube plate structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49387—Boiler making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
    • Y10T29/49908—Joining by deforming
    • Y10T29/49938—Radially expanding part in cavity, aperture, or hollow body
    • Y10T29/4994—Radially expanding internal tube
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53113—Heat exchanger
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53113—Heat exchanger
    • Y10T29/53122—Heat exchanger including deforming means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of compression compression by hammering of a steam generator tube crimped in a tubular plate, with the aim of limiting stress corrosion.
  • the steam generators of pressurized water nuclear reactors comprise a very thick tube plate inside which the tubes of the generator bundle are crimped at each of their ends.
  • the tubes are flush with one of the faces of the tube plate which comes into contact with the primary fluid during the operation of the steam generator and are projecting with respect to the other face of the tube plate to open into the body of the generator. steam receiving the water to be vaporized.
  • the crimping of the tubes or swaging is carried out by introducing a tool, called a dudgeon inside the tube to carry out the rolling of its wall inside its housing in the tube plate.
  • This rolling of the tube is carried out from its end which is flush with the first face of the tube plate to an area located substantially in the vicinity of the second face of the tube plate.
  • This zone of the tube situated in the vicinity of the outlet face of the tube plate therefore constitutes the separation zone between the part of the tube deformed by rolling in the corresponding bore of the tube plate and the non-deformed part of the tube.
  • This area is called the transition area.
  • the wall of the tube is the site of significant residual tensile stresses which reduce the corrosion resistance of the tube both on its external surface in contact with the water to be vaporized and on its internal surface in contact with the primary fluid.
  • GB-A-2,104,821 has also proposed a method of compressing by hammering the internal surface of the tube in the transition zone according to the first part of claim 1.
  • This hammering of the tube carried out by rotation at very high speed inside the tube, a flexible strip carrying small balls of hard material makes it possible to increase the resistance of the tube to corrosion by the primary fluid.
  • the friction of this ball having sharp edges on the internal wall of the tube, during the rotation of the flexible strip causes scratches to appear on the internal wall of the tube . These scratches promote corrosion of the tube by the primary fluid in the internal skin.
  • US-A-3,485,073 also discloses an apparatus according to the first part of claim 6 and an internal hardening technique for tubes such as cast steel tubes which consists in projecting balls of hard material on the interior surface of these molded tubes.
  • this technique has never been used to compress the inner skin of small-diameter expanded tubes such as steam generator tubes of pressurized water nuclear reactors whose internal diameter is slightly less than 0.020 m.
  • the operating conditions adopted for the internal hardening of the cast steel tubes are obviously not applicable to the case of expanded tubes.
  • the devices used for the internal hardening of the molded tube are not applicable in the case of expanded tubes in the tube plate of a steam generator and especially in the case where one operates on a generator. steam from a pressurized water nuclear reactor, after its commissioning, the tubes and the water box of the steam generator then being more or less irradiated.
  • the presence of an operator in the vicinity of the irradiated area should be limited as much as possible. It is therefore necessary to maintain all of the tooling of the device on the tube plate, to seal it, and to automatically control the translational movements of the nozzle in the tube, and finally monitor these different operating phases without intervene in the steam generator.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a method of compressing by surface hammering a tube of a pressurized steam generator after it has been put into service, crimped in a tubular plate so that one of its ends is flush on one side of the tubular plate and the tube is protruding on the other side of this plate, the crimping of the tube being effected by rolling its wall inside the tubular plate between its end flush with the first face and an area located at the second face of the tube plate, in which particles of a material of a hardness greater than the hardness of the material of the tube are directed, on the internal surface of the tube, over its entire periphery , this process making it possible to create compression stresses in the internal skin of the tube and therefore to improve the resistance to corrosion by the primary fluid of the steam generator passing through the tubes, without causing any risk of scratches of the internal rface of the tube.
  • the particles with a particle size between 50 and 500.10- 6 m are suspended in a stream of gas at high speed which is directed on the internal surface of the tube, in radial directions relative to the tube, the speed gas of at least 50 m / sec at the time of impact on the internal surface of the tube and the density of the particles in this gas being such that the mass flow of the particles coming to strike the internal surface of the tube to effect its stress relieving either greater than 0.008 kg / sec for a tube with an internal diameter close to 0.020 meters, and preferably 0.010 kg / sec, the particles being recycled in a closed circuit after their impact on the internal surface of the tube.
  • the crimping of the tube 1 was carried out by swaging, that is to say by rolling the wall of the tube inside its bore, between the inlet face 4 of the tubular plate and the outlet face 5 through which the tube enters the steam generator body.
  • the end 1a of the tube 1 is flush with the face 4 of the tube plate and a weld between this end 1a of the tube and the tube plate completes the fixing of the tube.
  • the deformed part of the tube comprises successive laminated zones 8 corresponding to the different positions of the dudgeon inside the tube, during crimping.
  • the tube 1 has a transition zone 7 of a certain length between its deformed part and its non-deformed part which has remained at its nominal diameter. In this zone 7, residual tensile stresses appear in the internal skin and in the external skin of the tube after crimping.
  • a steam generator comprising the tube plate 2 crossed by tubes such as 1 and a hemispherical water box 10 on the side of the inlet face 4 of the tube plate.
  • the water box 10 is separated in two by a partition 11, the pressurized water constituting the primary fluid arriving in the water box on one side of the partition 11 and leaving this water box on the other side by tubes such as 12.
  • Each tube 1 bent in a U shape has one of its ends opening into a part of the water box and its other end opening into the other part of the water box.
  • the primary fluid can thus circulate inside each of the tubes in the upper part of the steam generator not shown in FIG. 2, above the outlet face 5 of the tube plate 2.
  • a tool 15 introduced into the water box of the steam generator through a manhole 14.
  • This tool is put in place and maintained inside the tube plate, during the tube stress relieving operation, by a tool holder 60 allowing the tooling to be placed successively in each of the tubes to be stress relieved.
  • This tool holder can be of the type described in FR-A-2,309,314 filed by the applicant.
  • This tool comprises an outer sheath 16 connected at one of its ends to a bypass sleeve 17 and engaged at its other end in a fixing bell 18 held under the tubular plate 2 by the tool support, with interposition of a seal 19 between the bell 18 and the inlet face 5 of the tube plate formed by the coated surface 2a of this plate coming into contact with the primary fluid.
  • a sheath 20 of smaller diameter carrying at its upper part a profiled nozzle 21 surmounted by a centering plug 22 whose outside diameter corresponds to the nominal internal diameter of the tube 1.
  • the inner sheath 20 is connected to a particle injection assembly comprising a means for pumping pressurized air and a distributor of particles in quantity dosed in the stream of pressurized air.
  • a particle injection assembly comprising a means for pumping pressurized air and a distributor of particles in quantity dosed in the stream of pressurized air.
  • the particles consist of micro-beads made of non-magnetic stainless steel with a particle size between 100 and 300.10-6 m. If the centering plug 22 does not completely close the tube 1, air is injected into the upper part of the tube, above the plug 22 to return the balls downwards.
  • the outer sheath 16 and the inner sheath 20 of the tool are formed over part of their length by flexible tubes which can undergo bending for their orientation inside the water box of the steam generator.
  • the inner sheath 20 is slidably mounted in the branch 17a of the bypass sleeve 17 so that it can be guided as it enters the outer sheath 16.
  • the branch 17b of the bypass sleeve 17 is connected to a pumping station for exercising some suction in the outer sheath 16, around the inner sheath 20.
  • the steam generator is stopped, cooled and emptied of its water; the bell 18 and the outer sheath 16 being placed under the tubular plate vertically of a tube 1 by a tool support which can be moved inside the water box, the inner sheath 20 is engaged in the outer sheath 16 so that the upper part comprising the injection nozzle 21 is opposite the transition zone 7 of the tube.
  • the internal hammering of the tube is then carried out over the entire length of the transition zone by displacement in translation in the ascending direction of the sheath 20 and of the nozzle 21, at slow and steady speed of the order of 0.002 m / sec, the inner sheath 20 being supplied with a mixture of air or other gas under pressure and very hard micro-balls.
  • the balls After their impact, the balls are sucked into the space surrounding the sheath 20, first inside the tube 1 in the tubular plate, then in the outer sheath 16 before being recovered downstream from the sleeves 17.
  • This device comprises at its upper part an injection head designated as a whole by the reference 31 constituted by a rigid tubular body 32.
  • a socket 33 (Fig. 4) provided with an end circular seal 34 is screwed onto the upper body 32.
  • the entire injection head 31 is positioned opposite the tube 1 which opens into the tube plate 2, and held in position by the tool holder 60 which can move autonomously in the water box.
  • This tool holder 60 partially shown in FIG. 4, comprises a jack 61 whose cylinder 62 is integral with said tool holder 60 and whose piston 63 is integral with the body 32 of the injection head 31 via an extension rod 64 and a support 35.
  • the choice of the cylinder 61 is such that due to lack of pressure, the injection head 31 is in the high position relative to the tool holder 60.
  • the injection head 31 presses on the underside 4 of said tube plate and sealing is ensured by the force exerted from bottom to top on the circular seal 34.
  • the body 32 of the injection head 31 is mounted flexible on the support 35 so as to correctly align the axis of said head on the axis of the tube 1 to be treated, even if there is a positioning defect in the tool holder 60.
  • the lower part of the injection head 31 is connected to an external sheath 16 by a quick removable connector 37 shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3.
  • the other end of the outer sheath 16 is connected to a bypass sleeve 38.
  • an internal sheath 39 Inside the external sheath 16 is engaged an internal sheath 39, one end of which opens into the injection head 31 and the other end of which is also connected to the sleeve 38.
  • the end of the internal sheath 39 is held in the injection head 31, by a centering piece 40 (Fig.) Having the shape of a three-pointed star to allow recycling of the particles as will be seen later.
  • the upper edge of the internal sheath 39 is provided with a lip seal 41.
  • the outer sheath 16 and the inner sheath 39 are constituted by flexible pipes which can undergo bending for their orientation inside the water box of the steam generator.
  • This nozzle 44 comprises a screw 45, on which are mounted circular brushes 46 whose outside diameter corresponds substantially to the internal diameter of the tube 1, a spacer 47 and a deflector 48.
  • the assembly of the nozzle 44 which constitutes a block easily removable, is screwed by means of the screw 45 in a centering piece 49 welded in the hollow sleeve 43.
  • This centering piece 49 has the shape of a star with three branches so as to allow the passage of the particles brought by the flexible tube 20.
  • the spacer 47 makes it possible to maintain a constant distance between the brushes 46 and the deflector 48 which is therefore positioned near the outlet orifice of the hollow sleeve 43.
  • These brushes 46 ensure the centering of the nozzle inje ction 44 and cleaning the tube 1 at the time of descent of said nozzle. On the other hand, they can possibly prevent the passage of microbeads.
  • the flexible tube 20 is slidably mounted inside the branch 38a of the bypass sleeve 38 (FIG. 5) so that it can be guided as it enters the internal sheath 39.
  • the internal sheath 39, the l end is fixed in the branch 38a of the sleeve 38, household along said flexible tube 20, a small annular space 50 which is connected by an orifice 51 provided in the branch 38a of the sleeve 38 to a source of pressurized gas supply , not shown.
  • the gas flow thus created in the annular space 50 ensures the centering of the flexible tube 20 inside the internal sheath 39 and prevents any friction between these two elements at the time of the introduction of the injection nozzle 44 and during moving the flexible tube. Finally, this gas flow prevents particles from returning to this annular space.
  • the flexible tube 20 is connected, upstream of the bypass sleeve 38, to an assembly 70 for injecting particles.
  • the particles can be formed by microbeads made of a metallic material, glass or ceramic whose particle size is between 50 and 500 microns.
  • This assembly 70 includes a storage hopper 71 connected to a pressurizing tank 72 by a filling valve 73.
  • This tank 72 is connected in its upper part directly to an inlet 74 of compressed gas, and in its lower part with the flexible tube 20 via an injection valve 75 of the microbeads.
  • the flexible tube 20 is also connected to the compressed gas inlet 74 by a valve 76.
  • the branch 38b of the bypass sleeve 38 which communicates with the space between the outer sheath 16 and the inner sheath, is connected by a sheath 16b to a pumping system 80 for the microbeads.
  • This pumping system comprises a separator 81 equipped with a filter 82 to filter the gas sucked in by a pump 83.
  • the separator 81 is provided with an airlock 84 for volume control which opens into a tank 85 of recovery of the microbeads equipped with a weighing device 86.
  • the longitudinal movements of the flexible tube 20 and consequently of the injection nozzle 44 in the tube of the steam generator to be hammered are ensured by an advance mechanism 90 disposed between the bypass sleeve 38 and the injection assembly 70.
  • This advance mechanism 90 shown in more detail in FIGS. 6 and 7, is constituted by a parallelepipedal frame 91 forming a longitudinal cage inside which are mounted two toothed belts 92 and 93. These two belts 92 and 93 are guided at each end of the frame 91 by pulleys 94 and, between said pulleys, by L-shaped angles 95 and 96 fixed to one of the walls of the frame 91.
  • the belts 92 and 93 each have a longitudinal groove 92a and 93a and form between them in the axis of the frame a longitudinal corridor 97.
  • this longitudinal corridor 97 is introduced the flexible tube 20 which is positioned in the grooves 92a and 93a of the belts 92 and 93 in order to ensure its guidance during its movement.
  • the rotation of the belts 92 and 93 is controlled by a motor 98, the output shaft of which is connected to one of the pulleys 94 by a drive system 99.
  • the transmission of the longitudinal movement between the belts 92 and 93 and the flexible tube 20 is controlled by a piece 100 integral with the belt 92, and which has two internal branches 100a and 100b pinching said tube 20.
  • position detectors 101 of the part 100 are mounted in the axis of the longitudinal corridor 97.
  • the injection head 31 is placed under the tubular plate 2 vertically of a tube 1 by the tool holder 60 which can be moved inside the water box , and the injection head 31 is connected to the external sheath 16 by the connector 37.
  • the internal sheath 39 is introduced and the bypass sleeve 38 is mounted by connecting the branch 38b to the sheath 16b .
  • the injection nozzle 44 is mounted on the hollow sleeve 43, and the flexible tube 20 is engaged inside the internal sheath 39.
  • the gas flow introduced into the space 50 guides the flexible tube in the internal sheath 39 and avoids any friction.
  • the flexible tube 20 is moved so that the upper part comprising the injection nozzle 44 is opposite the zone of the tube to be hammered.
  • the internal hammering of the tube is then carried out over the entire desired length, by moving in translation, by means of the advance and control mechanism 90, the flexible tube 20 and the nozzle 44 at slow and regular speed, the tube 20 being supplied by the injection assembly 70 with a mixture of air or other pressurized gas and very hard microbeads.
  • the microbeads propelled in the gas at high speed have a path which is deflected by the deflector 48 so that their direction is substantially radial when they strike the surface of the tube.
  • the microbeads are aspirated by the pumping system 80, first in the space between the outer sheath 16 and the inner sheath 39, then in the branch 38 b of the sleeve 38 and in the sheath 16 b. Under the effect of the pressurized gas introduced into the space 50 and through the lip seal 41, the microbeads cannot penetrate between the internal sheath 39 and the flexible tube 20.
  • microbeads are thus sucked into the separator 81 and recovered in the airlock 84, and then transferred to the recovery tank 85 which is weighed. This final weighing is a way of ensuring that the quantity of microbeads recovered is equivalent to the quantity of microbeads injected.
  • the flexible sheath 20 for introducing the mixture of gases and micro-balls is engaged for its implementation in a guide and sealing assembly comprising an expandable plug 25 previously introduced into the tube to be tensioned and a bell for recovering balls 37 held in position under the tube plate 2 by a tool support movable from one tube to another in the water box of the steam generator.
  • This bell 27 is connected to a pumping installation not shown, it is mounted leaktight by means of a seal under the inlet face 4 of the tubular plate.
  • the nozzle 21 of the tool is extended by an engaged pin 26 sliding in the plug 25 for guiding the nozzle in the transition zone 7 of the tube.
  • the operating conditions for the stress relieving by internal work hardening of the tube are the same as previously.
  • the microbeads are recovered in the bell 27 after their impact on the walls of the tube.
  • the movements of the tool are accompanied by very low friction; in the event that an intervention must take place on the injection nozzle 44, the operator can remotely, by means of the tool holder 60, bring the injection head 31 to the manhole 14 of the water box of the steam generator. It can, via the connector 37, quickly disconnect the injection head 31 from the external sheath 16. This operation makes it possible to easily remove the assembly from the injection nozzle 44 by unscrewing the threaded rod 45 and checking or to change the parts 44, 47, 48 which make up said nozzle.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiments which have been described. It is thus possible to use micro-beads or other particles of any metallic material or of a hard non-metallic material such as glass or ceramic, the particle size of which can vary from 50 to 500. -6 m and preferably between 50 and 250.10 -'6 m.
  • the mass flow rate of these balls in the projection air may be a little lower than what has been indicated, but this mass flow rate should not however drop below 0.008 kg / sec. to obtain an adequate hammering effect, with velocities of the carrier gas and of these particles, at the time of impact, which are not less than 50 m / s, in the case of tubes with a diameter close to 0.020 m .
  • Microbeads or particles of a shape different from the spherical shape can be used.
  • the material chosen for the microbeads must have a hardness greater than the hardness of the tube material, which is generally a nickel alloy in the case of steam generators of nuclear reactors.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
  • Monitoring And Testing Of Nuclear Reactors (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Verfahren zum Unterdrucksetzen durch Hämmern eines Dampferzeugerrohres (1) eines Druckwasserkernreaktors nach dessen Inbetriebnahme, das in eine Rohrplatte (2) derart eingesetzt ist, dass eines seiner Enden in gleicher Fläche auf einer der Seiten (4) der Rohrplatte ist und dass das Rohr (1) auf der anderen Seite (5) dieser Platte (2) vorspringt, wobei das Einsetzen des Rohres (1) durch Walzen von dessen Wand im Inneren der Rohrplatte (2) zwischen seinem in gleicher Fläche mit der ersten Seite (4) befindlichen Ende (1 a) und einer in Höhe der zweiten Seite der Rohrplatte gelegenen Zone (7) ausgeführt wird, in die Partikel aus einem Material mit einer Härte grösser als die Härte des Materials des Rohres (1), auf der Innenfläche des Rohres, über dessen gesamte Peripherie, gerichtet werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Partikel, deren Korngrössenverteilung enthalten ist zwischen 50 und 500.10--6 m, in Suspension in einer Gasströmung mit grosser Geschwindigkeit sind, die auf die Innenfläche des Rohres (1), in radialen Richtungen in bezug auf das Rohr, gerichtet ist, wobei die Geschwindigkeit des Gases wenigstens 50 m/s im Augenblick des Aufpralls auf der Innenfläche des Rohres und die Dichte der Partikel in diesem Gas derart ist, dass der Massendurchsatz der Partikel, die zum Schlagen auf die Innenfläche des Rohres (1) zum Bewirken von dessen Spannungsfreiwerden gelangen, grösser als 0,008- kg/s für ein Rohr mit einem Innendurchmesser in der Nähe von 0,020 Meter und vorzugsweise als 0,010 kg/s ist, wobei die Partikel nach ihrem Aufprall auf der Innenfläche des Rohres in geschlossenem Kreislauf zurückgeführt werden.
2. Verfahren zum Unterdrucksetzen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Partikel durch Mikrokugeln gebildet sind, deren Durchmesser enthalten ist zwischen 50 und 250.10-" m.
3. Verfahren zum Unterdrucksetzen nach Anspruch 1, im Fall eines Rohres (1) eines Dampferzeugers eines Druckwasserkernreaktors, aus Nikkellegierung, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Partikel Mikrokugeln aus rostfreiem, nicht magnetischem Stahl sind, die einen Durchmesser haben, der zwischen 100 und 300.10' m enthalten ist.
4. Verfahren zum Unterdrucksetzen nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mikrokugeln einen Massendurchsatz im Einspritzgas in der Nähe von 0,010 kg/s haben, wobei die Aufprallzone der Kugeln in Längsrichtung im Rohr mit einer konstanten Geschwindigkeit in der Grösse von 0,002 m/s über eine Länge in der Grösse von 0,20 m derart versetzt wird, dass eine in der Nähe der zweiten Seite der Rohrplatte liegende Zone des Rohres bestrichen wird, die die Übergangszone zwischen dem deformierten Teil und dem nicht deformierten Teil des Rohres bildet.
5. Verfahren zum Unterdrucksetzen nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mikrokugeln aus einem Nichtmetallmaterial wie Glas oder Keramik sind.
6. Vorrichtung zum Unterdrucksetzen der Innenfläche eines Dampferzeugerrohres (1), das in eine Rohrplatte (2) derart eingesetzt ist, dass eines seiner Enden in gleicher Fläche mit einer der Seiten (4) der Rohrplatte (2) ist, durch Hämmern mittels Partikeln in Suspension in einem Trägergas, aufweisend eine Rohrhülse (20), die mit einem Einspritzmittel für mit Partikeln beladenes Gas verbunden ist und an einem ihrer Enden eine profilversehene Düse (21, 44) trägt, umfassend einen radial in bezug auf die Hülse (20) gerichteten Ablenkteil und Führungsmittel (16, 18, 27), in denen die Hülse (20) verschiebbar angebracht ist, zugeordnet Mitteln (19,33,34) für deren Anbringung in dichtem Kontakt um das Rohr (1) auf der Seite (4) der Rohrplatte (2), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Führungsmittel durch eine mit einem Gasansaugmittel verbundene Hülle 16, 18, 27) gebildet ist und dass die Rohrhülse (20) aus einem nachgiebigen Material ist und Führungsmittel (22, 26, 25, 46) auf der Innenfläche des Rohres (1) trägt.
7. Vorrichtung zum Unterdrucksetzen nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hülle (16, 18) durch eine Glocke (16,18) und eine nachgiebige Hülse (16) gebildet ist, die durch eines ihrer Enden in der Glocke (18) in Eingriff befindlich ist und deren anderes Ende mit einer Abzweigmuffe (17) verbunden ist, die einen Abschnitt (17a) zur Durchführung der nachgiebigen Hülse (20) und einen mit dem Ansaugmittel verbundenen Abschnitt (17b) umfasst.
8. Vorrichtung zum Unterdrucksetzen nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 6 und 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hülle (16, 18) innen Mittel (39) zum Führen und zum Zentrieren der Rohrhülse (20) umfasst.
9. Vorrichtung zum Unterdrucksetzen nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zum Führen und zum Zentrieren der Rohrhülse (20) aus einer Innenhülse (39) gebildet sind, die um die Hülse (20) herum angeordnet ist und mit letzterer einen ringförmigen Raum (50) ausspart, in den ein Gas unter Druck in derselben Richtung wie die Zirkulationsrichtung der Partikel eingespritzt wird.
10. Vorrichtung zum Unterdrucksetzen nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie einen Einspritzkopf (31) umfasst, der durch einen Körper (32) gebildet ist, der nachgiebig auf einem mit einem Werkzeugträger (60) fest verbundenen Träger (35) angebracht ist.
11. Vorrichtung zum Unterdrucksetzen nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eines der Enden der Innenhülse (39) im Einspritzkopf (31) durch ein Zentrierteil (40) gehalten ist, das die Form eines Sterns mit drei Abschnitten aufweist und an seinem oberen Rand eine Lippendichtung (41) umfasst.
12. Vorrichtung zum Unterdrucksetzen nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 10 und 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der untere Teil des Einspritzkopfes (31) mit der Hülle (16) durch eine abnehmbare Schnellverbindung (37) verbunden ist. 13. Vorrichtung zum Unterdrucksetzen nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einspritzdüse (44) auf einem Zentrierteil (49) angebracht ist, das in einer hohlen Muffe (43) angeschweisst ist, die am Ende der Rohrhülse (20) befestigt ist.
14. Vorrichtung zum Unterdrucksetzen nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Einspritzdüse (44) einen leicht abnehmbaren Block bildet, der eine Schraube (45) umfasst, die sich in Eingriff im Zentrierteil (49) befindet, auf dem Rundbürsten (46), ein Distanzstück (47) und ein Deflektor (48) angebracht sind.
15. Vorrichtung zum Unterdrucksetzen nach einem beliebigen der Ansprüche 13 und 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Zentrierteil (49) die Form eines Sterns mit drei Abschnitten aufweist, um das Durchtreten der Partikel zu gestatten, die durch die Rohrhülse (20) zugeführt worden sind.
EP85402093A 1984-11-09 1985-10-30 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verdichten durch Hämmern eines in eine Rohrwand eingesetzten Dampfgeneratorrohres Expired EP0181810B1 (de)

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FR8417130 1984-11-09
FR8417130A FR2572965B1 (fr) 1984-11-09 1984-11-09 Procede et dispositif de mise en compression par martelage d'un tube de generateur de vapeur serti dans une plaque tubulaire
FR8510175A FR2584320B2 (fr) 1985-07-03 1985-07-03 Dispositif de mise en compression par martelage d'un tube de generateur de vapeur serti dans une plaque tubulaire
FR8510175 1985-07-03

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EP0181810A1 (de) 1986-05-21
BR8505633A (pt) 1986-08-12
ES550402A0 (es) 1987-08-16
US4713882A (en) 1987-12-22
ES8703312A1 (es) 1987-02-16
ES8707681A1 (es) 1987-08-16
DE3565366D1 (en) 1988-11-10
YU135188A (en) 1990-12-31
US4706356A (en) 1987-11-17
KR920008669B1 (ko) 1992-10-08
YU172685A (en) 1988-12-31
IN166218B (de) 1990-03-31
KR860004267A (ko) 1986-06-20
ES548703A0 (es) 1987-02-16
CA1248859A (en) 1989-01-17

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