EP0168495B1 - Sieve device - Google Patents

Sieve device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0168495B1
EP0168495B1 EP85901408A EP85901408A EP0168495B1 EP 0168495 B1 EP0168495 B1 EP 0168495B1 EP 85901408 A EP85901408 A EP 85901408A EP 85901408 A EP85901408 A EP 85901408A EP 0168495 B1 EP0168495 B1 EP 0168495B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sieve
bars
bar
section
zone
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85901408A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0168495A1 (en
Inventor
Wolfgang Stehle
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Maschinenfabrik Bezner GmbH and Co KG
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Maschinenfabrik Bezner GmbH and Co KG
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Application filed by Maschinenfabrik Bezner GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Maschinenfabrik Bezner GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT85901408T priority Critical patent/ATE30217T1/en
Publication of EP0168495A1 publication Critical patent/EP0168495A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/12—Apparatus having only parallel elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • B07B1/38—Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens oscillating in a circular arc in their own plane; Plansifters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/46—Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B2201/00—Details applicable to machines for screening using sieves or gratings
    • B07B2201/04—Multiple deck screening devices comprising one or more superimposed screens
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S209/00—Classifying, separating, and assorting solids
    • Y10S209/93—Municipal solid waste sorting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a feed device and screening device for the treatment of valuable materials, domestic waste, commercial waste, bulky waste, dry waste, wet waste, compost and / or problematic and hazardous substances as a ballast to a sorting system, with floating in the direction of transport and open to the end, inclined and rods which can be set into an oscillating movement and which form at least two rod grate sieves arranged one behind the other in steps.
  • EPC relates to a sorting system for sorting valuable materials, in particular dry waste such as glass, cardboard, paper, plastics or the like.
  • the sorting system consists of several manual and mechanical ones Sorting workstations or stations in which the valuable materials are separated depending on their nature and separated into components.
  • the dry waste which is heavily clumped and entangled with one another, cannot be thrown directly onto a conveyor belt and thus onto a sorting system. Rather, it appears to be indispensable to supply the dry waste to the system via a feed device which loosens the clumped and devoured waste.
  • a feed device which loosens the clumped and devoured waste.
  • the non-uniformly generated dry waste cannot be distributed or loosened to the required extent, since the screen surfaces tend to clog.
  • the known devices have the disadvantage that an effective pretreatment of a heavily clumped and intrinsically entangled dry waste for the task on a sorting device can not be accomplished or only insufficiently.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device which is used in particular as a feed device with a distributor function and a screening device for the treatment of valuable materials from domestic waste, commercial waste, bulky waste, dry waste and / or problematic and hazardous substances.
  • the object of the invention is in particular to loosen or distribute the heavily clumped and entangled dry waste coming from refuse collection vehicles in such a way that it can be used in subsequent treatment stages. Small parts are to be screened out.
  • the oscillating movement is carried out as a circular oscillating movement with a large amplitude, caused by an eccentric drive, since by this, as well as the natural oscillating movement of the rods, the distribution or loosening effect of the invention solidified dry waste takes place.
  • This oscillating movement is promoted by the rubber oscillating elements according to the invention in cooperation with the eccentric drive. It is important that both the bar grate screen and the pre-distributor section are set into a circular oscillating motion with a large amplitude.
  • the device according to the invention creates a feeding and screening device for treating valuable materials, as can be used, for example, in connection with the subject matter of patent application EP-A-0 123 825.
  • the dry garbage delivered in the container vehicles with a wide variety of compositions, can first be placed on the device according to the invention.
  • the combination of the features according to the invention results in a sieving effect of small parts and a cleaning effect of the bar grate sieve, which is better than in the case of known drum sieves, in which there is a permanent shifting of the sieved material.
  • Drum sieves are unsuitable for the task at hand because there is an increased risk of clogging due to the constant layering of the material to be sieved, and because the high drop height, for example, shatters glass.
  • the advantage of the flat screen with a large receiving area, ie a large screen area is maintained. Due to the inventive design of the device By means of a vibrating pre-distribution section, the parts come to rest flat before they reach the bar grate. As a result, the parts do not fall directly onto the first bar grate, so that they cannot clog or the parts cannot fall through the screen openings with their narrow sides. Accordingly, only essentially small parts fall through the grate.
  • Optimal self-cleaning of the device is achieved by the bars tapering in the transport direction and clamped on one side. This applies in particular to materials without internal strength, such as stockings, cords, fabrics, foils, etc., which normally clog the screens slightly. Such materials cannot easily slide through the bar grate screens according to the invention, but are simply pushed off at the free end of the screen bars.
  • the discharge step and the associated turning process from an upper bar grate screen to a further pre-distributor surface of a further bar grate screen underneath are also decisive, whereby an effect similar to that of the drum screen can be achieved without the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • several such discharge stations can be provided to circulate the material to be processed, i. H. the screening device is constructed in a step-like manner.
  • the impact process is carried out in a dampened manner so that no damage to the valuable materials occurs.
  • rods with a prismatic, in particular trapezoidal cross-section which have a free-extending grate cross-section which widens downwards, the narrow prism side of the trapezoid being arranged at the bottom.
  • This allows the pieces to be screened to slide more easily through the grate d. H. the tendency to constipation is reduced.
  • an extraordinarily good screening effect is achieved. This is supported by the additional oscillating movement of the device and the resulting natural vibrations of the rods.
  • a pre-distributor section is connected upstream of the lower bar grate sieve, which is also set into an oscillating movement.
  • the material to be screened can be distributed evenly in order to reach the subsequent bar grate screen.
  • the distribution function of the feed device is improved.
  • the bars are formed with a profile cross section, whereby the free grate cross section also widens downward. This also allows the pieces to be screened to slide more easily through the grate, i.e. H. the tendency to constipation is reduced.
  • the bars in their lower region have projections which protrude into the free grate cross-section, on which flat material is supported and does not fall through the sieve (claim 8).
  • the device 10 shown in the figures consists of a screen box 11 in which an upper bar grate screen 12 and a lower bar grate screen 13 are arranged.
  • the complete sieve box with bar grate screens has an inclination angle of ⁇ ⁇ 3 to 4 °, so that the bar grate screens are slightly inclined downwards in the transport direction.
  • the inlet area 14 of the device is followed by a pre-distributor section 15 on which the material to be screened can be distributed over the entire width of the device 10 and laid flat.
  • the inlet area 14 and the pre-distribution section 15 take up about 1/3 of the total length of the device 10.
  • the pre-distribution section 15 follows the upper one Rod grate sieve 12.
  • the rod grate sieve 12 is formed by individual rods 16 arranged parallel to one another, which are firmly clamped in their area 17 facing the pre-distributor section 15.
  • the other end 18 lying in the transport direction, on the other hand, is free-floating, that is to say open, without attachment.
  • the individual rods 16 are prismatic and taper towards the front end 18, the tapering taking place both in a top view and in a side view.
  • the prismatic cross-section of the rods 16 is designed such that the free grate cross-section widens downward, ie the narrow prism side of the rods is arranged at the bottom (shape of a trapezoid upside down).
  • the material to be screened can pass through the grate more easily and cannot become jammed.
  • the cleaning effect is therefore significantly increased.
  • the natural vibration behavior of the rods is positively influenced by the decreasing cross section, so that the cleaning effect is increased.
  • a T-shaped profile is also suitable.
  • projections 28 in the form of, for example, a continuous strip 28 are provided in the lower region 26 of the rods 16, which protrude into the free grate cross section 27.
  • a sheet 29 sliding into the screen gap 27 is blocked from slipping so that it remains on the screen again due to the shaking movement and does not slip (see FIG. 3).
  • the shrinking cross-section has a positive influence on the natural vibration behavior of the rods, so that the cleaning effect is further increased.
  • the last quarter of the upper rod grate sieve 12 overlaps with the first quarter of the lower rod grate sieve 13.
  • Decisive for the good distribution effect and an optimal cleaning effect or sieve effect is u. a. the damped falling process from the end region of the upper bar grate screen 12 onto the distributor section in front of the lower bar grate screen 13.
  • the material to be screened is circulated like a drum screen.
  • the lower bar grate sieve 13 is basically constructed in the same way as the upper bar grate sieve 12.
  • the conical design and the free-floating end of the rods, at the ends of which the coarse material falls into a coarse material outlet 20, are decisive.
  • the coarse material remaining on the grate bars 12, 13 is fed to a coarse material outlet 20 at the end of the device 10, from where it is used for further processing, e.g. B. can be fed in the sorting system.
  • the fine material sifted out through the rod grate sieves 12, 13 is discharged via the outlet 25 and treated separately or is sent to a landfill.
  • Fig. 1 the drive mechanism of the device is also shown.
  • the entire screen frame 11 is arranged on maintenance-free rubber vibrating elements 21.
  • Such elements are advantageous for the principle according to the invention, since the most varied vibrations can be carried out by means of an eccentric drive 22 via a motor 23.
  • the optimal size of the oscillating movement and the oscillating frequency is selected in a manner known per se, depending on the material to be screened.
  • a baffle plate 24 is provided in the region of the discharge section from the upper bar grate sieve 12 to the lower bar grate sieve 13, which prevents the falling material from getting stuck in the bar grate sieve underneath or falling through with the narrow side.
  • the bars in a zigzag shape improves the undesired slipping behavior of paper-like material or the like.
  • the bars are each zigzag-shaped at an angle of, for example, 5 to 10 ° to the transport direction angled, for example to a length of 20 cm.

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Abstract

The sieve device is used as a feeder and separator of materials which are difficult to separate such as household refuse, industrial waste, cumbersome or dry waste. In order to achieve an optimun distribution and cleaning effect, there are provided two superposed screen sieves (12, 13) comprised of overlapping bars having a conical cross-section and which are free at their ends. The cleaning effect of the device is improved by the step offset of the sieves (12, 13) and by the circulation effect resulting therefrom. The oscillation motion is obtained by means of oscillating elements made of rubber and by an uneccentric drive.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Aufgabevorrichtung und Siebvorrichtung zur Behandlung von Wertstoffen, Hausmüll, Gewerbemüll, Sperrmüll, Trockenmüll, Naßmüll, Kompost und/oder von Problem- und Gefahrenstoffen als Vorschaltvorrichtung zu einer Sortieranlage, mit in Transportrichtung freischwebend und zum Ende hin offen ausgebildeten, geneigten und in eine Schwingbewegung versetzbaren Stäben, die wenigstens zwei, stufenförmig hintereinander angeordnete Stangenrostsiebe bilden.The invention relates to a feed device and screening device for the treatment of valuable materials, domestic waste, commercial waste, bulky waste, dry waste, wet waste, compost and / or problematic and hazardous substances as a ballast to a sorting system, with floating in the direction of transport and open to the end, inclined and rods which can be set into an oscillating movement and which form at least two rod grate sieves arranged one behind the other in steps.

Die nach Art. 54 (3) EPÜ zu berücksichtigende EP-A-0 123 825 der Anmelderin betrifft eine Sortieranlage zur Sortierung von Wertstoffen, insbesondere Trockenmüll wie Glas, Karton, Papier, Kunststoffe o. dgl. Die Sortieranlage besteht aus mehreren manuellen und maschinellen Sortierarbeitsplätzen bzw. -Stationen in denen die Wertstoffe je nach Beschaffenheit separiert und in Bestandteile getrennt aussortiert werden.The applicant's EP-A-0 123 825 to be taken into account in accordance with Art. 54 (3) EPC relates to a sorting system for sorting valuable materials, in particular dry waste such as glass, cardboard, paper, plastics or the like. The sorting system consists of several manual and mechanical ones Sorting workstations or stations in which the valuable materials are separated depending on their nature and separated into components.

Der aus den Mülltransportfahrzeugen stark verklumpte und in sich verschlungene Trockenmüll kann jedoch nicht ohne weiteres unmittelbar auf ein Transportband und damit auf eine Sortieranlage geworfen werden. Vielmehr erscheint es unerläßlich, den Trockenmüll der Anlage über eine Aufgabevorrichtung zuzuführen, die ein Auseinanderlockern des verklumpten und verschlungenen Mülls bewirkt. Auf herkömmlichen Flächensieben kann sich der ungleichförmig anfallende Trockenmüll nicht im geforderten Maße verteilen bzw. auflockern, da die Siebflächen leicht zu Verstopfungen neigen.However, the dry waste, which is heavily clumped and entangled with one another, cannot be thrown directly onto a conveyor belt and thus onto a sorting system. Rather, it appears to be indispensable to supply the dry waste to the system via a feed device which loosens the clumped and devoured waste. On conventional flat screens, the non-uniformly generated dry waste cannot be distributed or loosened to the required extent, since the screen surfaces tend to clog.

Aus der Veröffentlichung "Aufbereitungs-Technik", Band 22, Nr. 7, Juli 81, Seite 395 bis 397 ist eine Vorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff bekannt geworden. Die Funktionsweise dieser Vorrichtung basiert auf dem Prinzip, daß sich grundsätzlich kein Siebbett bilden darf, d. h. die Neigung der Stangen sowie der Stangenabstand so bemessen sind, daß das Gut sofort durch die übereinander angeordneten stark divergierenden Siebstangen hindurchfällt.From the publication "Processing Technology", Volume 22, No. 7, July 81, pages 395 to 397, a device according to the preamble has become known. The operation of this device is based on the principle that no sieve bed is allowed to form, i. H. the inclination of the rods and the rod spacing are dimensioned such that the material immediately falls through the highly divergent sieve rods arranged one above the other.

Aus der weiterhin bekannten Druckschrift US-PS 22 90 434 ist eine Vorrichtung bekannt geworden, die zwar ebenfalls weitgehend die Merkmale des Gattungsbegriffs der vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft. Bei dieser bekannten Vorrichtung wird das Material auf ein sehr kurzes Aufgabeblech ohne jegliche Verteilerfunktion auf Gitterstäben zugeführt, die paarweise zusammengefaßt und in mehreren Einzelabschnitten aufgebaut sind.From the still known publication US-PS 22 90 434 a device has become known, which also largely relates to the features of the generic term of the present invention. In this known device, the material is fed onto a very short feed plate without any distribution function on bars, which are combined in pairs and constructed in several individual sections.

Schließlich ist aus der DE-B-1-173 317 eine Siebvorrichtung bekannt geworden, die Stufenschwingroste mit in Transportrichtung sich verjüngende und freischwebende, am Ende offen ausgebildete, geneigte Stäbe aufweist, die zum Fördern von verfitzten Spänen und Absieben kurzer Späne und Spanbruchstücke dient.Finally, from DE-B-1-173 317 a sieve device has become known which has stepped oscillating gratings with tapered and freely floating in the direction of transport, which is open at the end, inclined rods, which serves to convey entangled chips and sieves of short chips and chip fragments.

Die bekannten Vorrichtungen haben den Nachteil, daß eine effektive Vorbehandlung eines stark verklumpten und in sich verschlungenen Trockenmülls zur Aufgabe auf eine Sortiervorrichtung nicht oder nur unzureichend bewerkstelligt werden kann.The known devices have the disadvantage that an effective pretreatment of a heavily clumped and intrinsically entangled dry waste for the task on a sorting device can not be accomplished or only insufficiently.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung zu schaffen, die insbesondere als Aufgabevorrichtung mit Verteilerfunktion und Siebvorrichtung zur Behandlung von Wertstoffen aus Hausmüll, Gewerbemüll, Sperrmüll, Trockenmüll und/oder von Problem- und Gefahrenstoffen dient. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es insbesondere, den aus Müllfahrzeugen kommenden stark verklumpten und in sich verschlungenen Trockenmüll derart aufzulockern bzw. zu verteilen, daß er in darauffolgenden Behandlungsstufen weiter verwendet werden kann. Kleine Teile, sollen dabei ausgesiebt werden.The invention has for its object to provide a device which is used in particular as a feed device with a distributor function and a screening device for the treatment of valuable materials from domestic waste, commercial waste, bulky waste, dry waste and / or problematic and hazardous substances. The object of the invention is in particular to loosen or distribute the heavily clumped and entangled dry waste coming from refuse collection vehicles in such a way that it can be used in subsequent treatment stages. Small parts are to be screened out.

Diese Aufgabe wird ausgehend von einer Vorrichtung der einleitend bezeichnenden Art erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved on the basis of a device of the introductory type according to the invention by the characterizing features of claim 1.

Gemäß den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 ist es bei der vorliegenden Erfindung von Bedeutung, daß die Schwingbewegung als Kreisschwingbewegung mit großer Amplitude ausgeführt wird, hervorgerufen durch einen Exzenterantrieb, da durch diese, sowie die Eigenschwingbewegung der Stäbe, der erfindungsgemäße Verteilungs- bzw. Auflockerungseffekt des verfestigten Trockenmülls stattfindet. Diese Schwingbewegung wird durch die erfindungsgemäßen Gummi-Schwingelemente in Zusammenwirkung mit dem Exzenterantrieb gefördert. Dabei ist es maßgeblich, daß sowohl das Stangenrostsieb als auch die Vorverteilerstrecke in eine Kreisschwingbewegung mit großer Amplitude versetzt wird.According to the characterizing features of claim 1, it is important in the present invention that the oscillating movement is carried out as a circular oscillating movement with a large amplitude, caused by an eccentric drive, since by this, as well as the natural oscillating movement of the rods, the distribution or loosening effect of the invention solidified dry waste takes place. This oscillating movement is promoted by the rubber oscillating elements according to the invention in cooperation with the eccentric drive. It is important that both the bar grate screen and the pre-distributor section are set into a circular oscillating motion with a large amplitude.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung wird eine Aufgabe- und Siebvorrichtung zur Behandlung von Wertstoffen geschaffen, wie sie beispielsweise im Zusammenhang mit dem Gegenstand der Patentanmeldung EP-A-0 123 825 verwendbar ist. So kann der in den Containerfahrzeugen beispielsweise angelieferte Trockenmüll mit unterschiedlichster Zusammensetzung zunächst auf die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung aufgegeben werden. Durch die Kombination der erfindungsgemäßen Merkmale wird eine Siebwirkung von Kleinstteilen und ein Reinigungeffekt des Stangenrostsiebes bewirkt, der besser ist als bei bekannten Trommelsieben, bei welchen eine dauernde Umschichtung des Siebgutes erfolgt. Trommelsiebe sind für die vorliegende Aufgabe ungeeignet, da durch die ständige Umschichtung des Siebgutes erhöhte Verstopfungsgefahr besteht und da durch die hohe Fallhöhe beispielsweise Glas zertrümmert wird. Darüber hinaus wird der Vorteil des Flächensiebes mit großer Aufnahmefläche, d. h. großer Siebfläche beibehalten. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung der Vorrichtung mittels einer schwingenden Vorverteilerstrecke kommen die Teile flächig zum Liegen, bevor sie auf den Stangenrost kommen. Hierdurch fallen die Teile nicht direkt auf den ersten Stangenrost, so daß dieser nicht verstopfen kann bzw. die Teile nicht mit ihrer Schmalseite durch die Sieböffnungen fallen können. Es fallen demnach nur im wesentlichen kleine Teile durch den Rost.The device according to the invention creates a feeding and screening device for treating valuable materials, as can be used, for example, in connection with the subject matter of patent application EP-A-0 123 825. For example, the dry garbage delivered in the container vehicles, with a wide variety of compositions, can first be placed on the device according to the invention. The combination of the features according to the invention results in a sieving effect of small parts and a cleaning effect of the bar grate sieve, which is better than in the case of known drum sieves, in which there is a permanent shifting of the sieved material. Drum sieves are unsuitable for the task at hand because there is an increased risk of clogging due to the constant layering of the material to be sieved, and because the high drop height, for example, shatters glass. In addition, the advantage of the flat screen with a large receiving area, ie a large screen area, is maintained. Due to the inventive design of the device By means of a vibrating pre-distribution section, the parts come to rest flat before they reach the bar grate. As a result, the parts do not fall directly onto the first bar grate, so that they cannot clog or the parts cannot fall through the screen openings with their narrow sides. Accordingly, only essentially small parts fall through the grate.

Durch die sich in Transportrichtung verjüngenden, einseitig eingespannten Stäbe wird eine optimale Selbstreinigung der Vorrichtung erzielt. Dies gilt insbesondere für Materialien ohne innere Festigkeit, wie Strümpfe, Schnüre, Stoffe, Folien usw., die normalerweise die Siebe leicht verstopfen. Derartige Materialien können durch die erfindungsgemäßen Stangenrostsiebe nicht leicht hindurch gleiten, sondern sie werden am freien Ende der Siebstäbe einfach abgeschoben.Optimal self-cleaning of the device is achieved by the bars tapering in the transport direction and clamped on one side. This applies in particular to materials without internal strength, such as stockings, cords, fabrics, foils, etc., which normally clog the screens slightly. Such materials cannot easily slide through the bar grate screens according to the invention, but are simply pushed off at the free end of the screen bars.

Maßgeblich ist auch der Abwurfgang und der damit verbundene Wendevorgang von einem oberen Stangenrostsieb auf eine darunter gelegene weitere Vorverteilerfläche eines weiteren Stangenrostsiebes, wodurch ein ähnlicher Effekt wie beim Trommelsieb, jedoch ohne die oben genannten Nachteile erzielbar ist. Selbstverständlich können mehrere derartige Abwurfstationen zur Umwälzung des zu verarbeitenden Materials vorgesehen werden, d. h. die Siebvorrichtung ist treppenförmig aufgebaut. Der Aufprallvorgang wird jedoch gedämpft ausgeführt, damit keine Beschädigung der Wertstoffe eintritt.The discharge step and the associated turning process from an upper bar grate screen to a further pre-distributor surface of a further bar grate screen underneath are also decisive, whereby an effect similar to that of the drum screen can be achieved without the disadvantages mentioned above. Of course, several such discharge stations can be provided to circulate the material to be processed, i. H. the screening device is constructed in a step-like manner. However, the impact process is carried out in a dampened manner so that no damage to the valuable materials occurs.

In den Unteransprüchen sind weitere Maßnahmen zur Lösung der erfindungsgemäßen Aufgabe und insbesondere zur vorteilhaften Weiterbildung und Verbesserung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung vorgesehen.In the subclaims, further measures for solving the problem according to the invention and in particular for advantageous further development and improvement of the device according to the invention are provided.

Gemäß der Ausbildung nach den Unteransprüchen 2 und 6 werden Stäbe mit prismatischem, insbesondere trapezförmigem Querschnitt verwendet, die einen sich nach unten erweiternden freien Rostquerschnitt aufweisen, wobei die schmale Prismaseite des Trapezes unten angeordnet ist. Hierdurch können die zu siebenden Stücke leichter durch den Rost gleiten d. h. die Verstopfungsneigung wird abgebaut. In Verbindung mit der konischen Ausbildung in Längsrichtung der Stäbe nach Unteranspruch 6 sowie die Ausbildung von frei schwebenden Enden, wird eine außerordentlich gute Siebwirkung erzielt. Dies wird durch die zusätzlich ausgeführte Schwingbewegung der Vorrichtung und die dadurch hervorgerufenen Eigenschwingungen der Stäbe unterstützt.According to the design according to subclaims 2 and 6, rods with a prismatic, in particular trapezoidal cross-section are used which have a free-extending grate cross-section which widens downwards, the narrow prism side of the trapezoid being arranged at the bottom. This allows the pieces to be screened to slide more easily through the grate d. H. the tendency to constipation is reduced. In conjunction with the conical design in the longitudinal direction of the rods according to subclaim 6 and the formation of free-floating ends, an extraordinarily good screening effect is achieved. This is supported by the additional oscillating movement of the device and the resulting natural vibrations of the rods.

Gemäß der Ausbildung der Erfindung nach Unteranspruch 3 ist vor dem unteren Stangen- Rostsieb eine Vorverteilerstrecke vorgeschaltet, die ebenfalls in eine Schwingbewegung versetzt wird. Hierdurch kann sich das zu siebende Gut gleichmäßig verteilen, um auf das nachfolgende Stangen-Rostsieb zu gelangen. Weiterhin wird die Verteilerfunktion der Aufgabevorrichtung verbessert.According to the embodiment of the invention according to subclaim 3, a pre-distributor section is connected upstream of the lower bar grate sieve, which is also set into an oscillating movement. As a result, the material to be screened can be distributed evenly in order to reach the subsequent bar grate screen. Furthermore, the distribution function of the feed device is improved.

Die Weiterbildung der Erfindung nach Unteranspruch 4 sieht ein günstiges Verhältnis zwischen der Auflagebreite des Siebstabs im Verhältnis zu seiner auskragenden Länge vor.The development of the invention according to subclaim 4 provides a favorable ratio between the support width of the sieve bar in relation to its projecting length.

Die Weiterbildung der Erfindung nach Unteranspruch 5 verhindert, daß sich das herunterfallende Gut in dem darunter liegenden Stangen-Rostsieb verklemmt oder mit der Schmalseite hindurchfällt.The development of the invention according to subclaim 5 prevents the falling material from getting stuck in the rod grate sieve underneath or falling through with the narrow side.

Die vorteilhafte Weiterbildung der Erfindung nach Unteranspruch 7 verbessert die gute Verteilerwirkung auch auf dem unteren Stangen- Rostsieb. Hierdurch wird das Siebgut ähnlich einem Trommelsieb umgewälzt.The advantageous development of the invention according to subclaim 7 improves the good distribution effect even on the lower rod grate screen. As a result, the screenings are circulated like a drum screen.

Gemäß der Ausbildung nach Unteranspruch 8 oder 9 werden die Stäbe mit Profil-Querschnitt ausgebildet, wodurch sich der freie Rostquerschnitt nach unten zu ebenfalls erweitert. Hierdurch können die zu siebenden Stücke ebenfalls leichter durch den Rost gleiten, d. h. die Verstopfungsneigung wird abgebaut.According to the design according to subclaim 8 or 9, the bars are formed with a profile cross section, whereby the free grate cross section also widens downward. This also allows the pieces to be screened to slide more easily through the grate, i.e. H. the tendency to constipation is reduced.

Es ist jedoch auch vorgesehen, daß die Stäbe in ihrem unteren Bereich in den freien Rostquerschnitt hineinragende Vorsprünge aufweisen, an denen flächenhaftes Gut sich abstützt und nicht durch das Sieb fällt (Anspruch 8).However, it is also provided that the bars in their lower region have projections which protrude into the free grate cross-section, on which flat material is supported and does not fall through the sieve (claim 8).

In Verbindung mit der konischen Ausbildung in Längsrichtung der Stäbe sowie der freischwebenden Enden, sowie einer vorzugsweise zick-zack-förmigen Ausbildung der Stäbe in Längs- bzw. Transportrichtung (Unteranspruch 10), wird eine außerordentlich gute Siebwirkung erzielt. Die zick-zack-förmige Ausbildung der Stäbe bewirkt insbesondere ein Zurückhalten von papierförmigem Gut. Dies wird durch die zusätzlich ausgeführte Schwingbewegung der Siebvorrichtung und die dadurch hervorgerufenen Eigenschwingungen der Stäbe unterstützt.In conjunction with the conical design in the longitudinal direction of the bars and the free-floating ends, and a preferably zigzag-shaped design of the bars in the longitudinal or transport direction (dependent claim 10), an extraordinarily good screening effect is achieved. The zigzag-shaped design of the rods in particular causes paper goods to be retained. This is supported by the additional oscillating movement of the sieve device and the resulting natural vibrations of the rods.

Ein vorteilhaftes und zweckmäßiges Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht,
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.
  • Fig. 3 einen Teilschnitt durch die Stäbe des Stangenrostsiebs.
An advantageous and expedient embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it
  • 1 is a side view,
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the device according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a partial section through the bars of the grate screen.

Die in den Figuren dargestellte Vorrichtung 10 besteht aus einem Siebkasten 11 in welchem ein oberes Stangen-Rostsieb 12 und ein unteres Stangen-Rostsieb 13 angeordnet sind. Der komplette Siebkasten mit Stangen-Rostsieben weist einen Neigungswinkel von α ∞ 3 bis 4° auf, so daß die Stangen-Rostsiebe in Transportrichtung leicht nach unten hin geneigt sind.The device 10 shown in the figures consists of a screen box 11 in which an upper bar grate screen 12 and a lower bar grate screen 13 are arranged. The complete sieve box with bar grate screens has an inclination angle of α ∞ 3 to 4 °, so that the bar grate screens are slightly inclined downwards in the transport direction.

Dem Einlaufbereich 14 der Vorrichtung folgt eine Vorverteilerstrecke 15 auf der sich das zu siebende Gut über die ganze Breite der Vorrichtung 10 verteilen und flachlegen kann. Der Einlaufbereich 14 und die Vorverteilerstrecke 15 nehmen etwa 1/3 der Gesamtlänge der Vorrichtung 10 ein.The inlet area 14 of the device is followed by a pre-distributor section 15 on which the material to be screened can be distributed over the entire width of the device 10 and laid flat. The inlet area 14 and the pre-distribution section 15 take up about 1/3 of the total length of the device 10.

Der Vorverteilerstrecke 15 folgt das obere Stangen-Rostsieb 12. Das Stangen-Rostsieb 12 wird durch einzelne parallel nebeneinander angeordnete Stäbe 16 gebildet, die in ihrem, der Vorverteilerstrecke 15 zugewandten Bereich 17 fest eingespannt sind. Das in Transportrichtung liegende andere Ende 18 ist dagegen freischwebend, d. h. offen, ohne Befestigung ausgebildet. Die einzelnen Stäbe 16 sind prismatisch ausgebildet und verjüngen sich zum vorderen Ende 18 hin, wobei die Verjüngung sowohl in Draufsicht als auch in Seitenansicht erfolgt. Darüber hinaus ist der prismatische Querschnitt der Stäbe 16 derart ausgebildet, daß sich der freie Rostquerschnitt nach unten zu erweitert, d. h. die schmale Prismaseite der Stäbe unten angeordnet ist (Form eines auf dem Kopf stehenden Trapezes). Hierdurch, sowie durch die konische Ausbildung in Längsrichtung der Stäbe, kann das zu siebende Gut leichter durch den Rost gehen und sich nicht verklemmen. Der Reinigungseffekt wird deshalb erheblich erhöht. Außerdem wird durch den sich verkleinernden Querschnitt das Eigenschwingungsverhalten der Stäbe positiv beeinflußt, so daß der Reinigungseffekt erhöht wird. Ein T-förmiges Profil eignet sich ebenfalls.The pre-distribution section 15 follows the upper one Rod grate sieve 12. The rod grate sieve 12 is formed by individual rods 16 arranged parallel to one another, which are firmly clamped in their area 17 facing the pre-distributor section 15. The other end 18 lying in the transport direction, on the other hand, is free-floating, that is to say open, without attachment. The individual rods 16 are prismatic and taper towards the front end 18, the tapering taking place both in a top view and in a side view. In addition, the prismatic cross-section of the rods 16 is designed such that the free grate cross-section widens downward, ie the narrow prism side of the rods is arranged at the bottom (shape of a trapezoid upside down). As a result, as well as the conical design in the longitudinal direction of the rods, the material to be screened can pass through the grate more easily and cannot become jammed. The cleaning effect is therefore significantly increased. In addition, the natural vibration behavior of the rods is positively influenced by the decreasing cross section, so that the cleaning effect is increased. A T-shaped profile is also suitable.

Oft ist es wünschenswert, daß flächenhaftes Gut wie Zeitungen, Papierblätter o. dgl. nicht durch das Sieb hindurchfällt. Hierfür sind im unteren Bereich 26 der Stäbe 16 Vorsprünge 28 in Form beispielsweise einer durchgehenden Leiste 28 vorgesehen, die in den freien Rostquerschnitt 27 hineinragen. So wird beispielsweise ein in den Siebspalt 27 hineinrutschendes Blatt 29 vor dem Durchrutschen gesperrt, so daß es durch die Rüttelbewegung wieder auf dem Sieb bleibt und nicht durchrutscht (s. Fig. 3).It is often desirable that flat material such as newspapers, sheets of paper or the like not fall through the sieve. For this purpose, projections 28 in the form of, for example, a continuous strip 28 are provided in the lower region 26 of the rods 16, which protrude into the free grate cross section 27. For example, a sheet 29 sliding into the screen gap 27 is blocked from slipping so that it remains on the screen again due to the shaking movement and does not slip (see FIG. 3).

Durch den sich verkleinernden Querschnitt wird das Eigenschwingverhalten der Stäbe positiv beeinflußt, so daß der Reinigungseffekt weiter erhöht wird.The shrinking cross-section has a positive influence on the natural vibration behavior of the rods, so that the cleaning effect is further increased.

Unterhalb des oberen Stangen-Rostsiebes 12 ist eine weitere Vorverteilerstrecke 19 für das daran anschließende untere Stangen-Rostsieb 13 vorgesehen. Das durch das obere Stangen- Rostsieb 12 hindurchfallende Gut gelangt jedoch verteilt von der unteren Vorverteilerstrecke 19 auf das darauffolgende untere Stangen-Rostsieb. Es kann jedoch wahlweise auch schon an dieser Stelle aus der Vorrichtung ausgeschleust werden.Below the upper bar grate screen 12 there is a further pre-distributing section 19 for the lower bar grate screen 13 adjoining it. The material falling through the upper bar grate sieve 12, however, is distributed from the lower pre-distributing section 19 to the subsequent lower bar grate sieve. However, it can optionally also be discharged from the device at this point.

Das letzte Viertel des oberen Stangen- Rostsiebes 12 überlappt sich mit dem ersten Viertel des unteren Stangen-Rostsiebes 13. Maßgeblich für die gute Verteilerwirkung und einen optimalen Reinigungseffekt bzw. Siebeffekt ist u. a. der gedämpfte Abstürzvorgang vom Endbereich des oberen Stangen-Rostsiebes 12 auf die Verteilerstrecke vor dem unteren Stangen-Rostsieb 13. Hierdurch wird das Siebgut ähnlich einem Trommelsieb umgewälzt.The last quarter of the upper rod grate sieve 12 overlaps with the first quarter of the lower rod grate sieve 13. Decisive for the good distribution effect and an optimal cleaning effect or sieve effect is u. a. the damped falling process from the end region of the upper bar grate screen 12 onto the distributor section in front of the lower bar grate screen 13. As a result, the material to be screened is circulated like a drum screen.

Das untere Stangen-Rostsieb 13 ist prinzipiell gleich aufgebaut wie das obere Stangen- Rostsieb 12. Maßgeblich ist die konische Ausbildung sowie das freischwebende Ende der Stäbe, an deren Enden das Grobgut in einen Grobgut-Auslauf 20 abfällt.The lower bar grate sieve 13 is basically constructed in the same way as the upper bar grate sieve 12. The conical design and the free-floating end of the rods, at the ends of which the coarse material falls into a coarse material outlet 20, are decisive.

Das auf den Stangen-Rostsieben 12, 13 verbleibende grobe Material wird am Ende der Vorrichtung 10 einem Grobgut-Auslauf 20 zugeführt, von wo aus es der weiteren Bearbeitung z. B. in der Sortieranlage zuführbar ist. Das über die Stangen-Rostsiebe 12, 13 ausgesiebte feine Material wird über den Ausgang 25 ausgetragen und gesondert behandelt werden bzw. einer Deponie zugeführt werden.The coarse material remaining on the grate bars 12, 13 is fed to a coarse material outlet 20 at the end of the device 10, from where it is used for further processing, e.g. B. can be fed in the sorting system. The fine material sifted out through the rod grate sieves 12, 13 is discharged via the outlet 25 and treated separately or is sent to a landfill.

In der Fig. 1 ist weiterhin der Antriebsmechanismus der Vorrichtung dargestellt. Der gesamte Siebrahmen 11 ist auf wartungsfreien Gummi-Schwingelementen 21 angeordnet. Derartige Elemente sind für das erfindungsgemäße Prinzip vorteilhaft, da mittels eines Exzenterantriebs 22 über einen Motor 23 die verschiedensten Schwingungen ausgeführt werden können. Durch die einseitige Lagerung der Stäbe der Stangen-Rostsiebe 12, 13 führen diese zusätzlich eine eigene Schwingbewegung aus, die sich ebenfalls vorteilhaft auf den Weitertransport und die Siebung des Siebgutes sowie auf den Reinigungseffekt auswirkt. Die optimale Größe der Schwingbewegung und der Schwingfrequenz wird je nach zu siebendem Gut in an sich bekannter Weise ausgewählt.In Fig. 1, the drive mechanism of the device is also shown. The entire screen frame 11 is arranged on maintenance-free rubber vibrating elements 21. Such elements are advantageous for the principle according to the invention, since the most varied vibrations can be carried out by means of an eccentric drive 22 via a motor 23. Due to the one-sided mounting of the bars of the bar grate sieves 12, 13, they additionally carry out their own oscillating movement, which likewise has an advantageous effect on the further transport and sieving of the material to be sieved and on the cleaning effect. The optimal size of the oscillating movement and the oscillating frequency is selected in a manner known per se, depending on the material to be screened.

Im Bereich der Abwurfstrecke vom oberen Stangen-Rostsieb 12 auf das untere Stangen- Rostsieb 13 ist eine Prallplatte 24 vorgesehen, die es vermeidet, daß sich das herunterfallende Gut in dem darunter liegenden Stangen-Rostsieb verklemmt oder mit der Schmalseite durchfällt.A baffle plate 24 is provided in the region of the discharge section from the upper bar grate sieve 12 to the lower bar grate sieve 13, which prevents the falling material from getting stuck in the bar grate sieve underneath or falling through with the narrow side.

Die in der Zeichnung nicht näher dargestellte alternative Ausbildung der Stäbe in Zick-Zack-Form verbessert das nicht erwünschte Durchrutschverhalten von papierförmigem Gut o. dgl. Die Stäbe sind hierfür in einem Winkel von beispielsweise 5 bis 10° zur Transportrichtung jeweils zick-zack-förmig abgewinkelt, auf eine Länge von beispielsweise 20 cm.The alternative design of the bars in a zigzag shape, not shown in the drawing, improves the undesired slipping behavior of paper-like material or the like. For this purpose, the bars are each zigzag-shaped at an angle of, for example, 5 to 10 ° to the transport direction angled, for example to a length of 20 cm.

Claims (10)

1. Feed apparatus and sieve apparatus for the treatment of recoverable materials, household refuse, industrial refuse, bulky refuse, dry refuse, wet refuse, compost and/or substances causing problems and risks, as a preliminary apparatus to a sorting installation, comprising bars that are inclined, open towards the end and freely suspended in the direction of conveying and which can be set in an oscillating movement, which bars constitute at least two bar sieves disposed stepped one behind another, characterized in that a sieve frame (11) having an angle of slope a of from 3° to 4° and mounted on rubber vibration supports (21), comprises an upper, predistributor zone (15) with inlet zone (14), followed by an adjoining bar sieve (12,13), wherein the predistributor zone (15) with inlet zone (14) occupies approximately one-third of the total length of the sieve apparatus (10), that the bar sieves (12, 13) comprise bars (16) tapering in the conveying direction and that an eccentric drive (22, 23), having a large circular oscillation diameter of approximately 100 mm, is provided for the sieve frame (11).
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bars (16) have a prismatic cross-section, with a free sieve cross- section which diverges downwards, especially a trapezium-shaped cross-section having a lower short base.
3. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that a predistributor zone (19) for the lower bar sieve (13) is disposed beneath the upper bar sieve (12).
4. Apparatus according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the ratio of the bearing width of the sieve bar (16) to its cantilevered length lies in the range between 1:50 and 1:100.
5. Apparatus according to Claim 1 or 3, characterized in that a baffle-plate (24) is provided in the region of the discharge zone from the upper bar sieve (12) onto the lower bar sieve (13).
6. Apparatus according to Claim 2, characterized in that the taper of the bars (16) occurs both in plan and in lateral elevation.
7. Apparatus according to Claim 3, characterized in that the predistributor zone (19) for the lower bar sieve (13) extends beyond the end region (18) of the upper bar sieve (12).
8. Apparatus according to Claim 2, characterized in that bars (16) having a trapezium-shaped, rectangular (25) or T-shaped cross-section are provided, which possess in their lower region (26) projections (28) extending into the free crosssection (27) of the sieve.
9. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bars (16) have the cross- section of a T-profile.
10. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the bars (16) have a zigzag shape in the direction of conveying.
EP85901408A 1984-02-29 1985-02-23 Sieve device Expired EP0168495B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85901408T ATE30217T1 (en) 1984-02-29 1985-02-23 SCREENING DEVICE.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3407460A DE3407460C2 (en) 1984-02-29 1984-02-29 Feeding device and screening device for the treatment of valuable materials
DE3407460 1984-02-29
DE8406281U DE8406281U1 (en) 1984-02-29 1984-02-29 Sieve device

Publications (2)

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EP0168495A1 EP0168495A1 (en) 1986-01-22
EP0168495B1 true EP0168495B1 (en) 1987-10-14

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ID=37808031

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EP85102037A Pending EP0154876A1 (en) 1984-02-29 1985-02-23 Screening device
EP85901408A Expired EP0168495B1 (en) 1984-02-29 1985-02-23 Sieve device

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EP85102037A Pending EP0154876A1 (en) 1984-02-29 1985-02-23 Screening device

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US (1) US4693379A (en)
EP (2) EP0154876A1 (en)
JP (1) JPS61501687A (en)
CA (1) CA1275071A (en)
DE (2) DE3407460C2 (en)
NO (1) NO854172L (en)
WO (1) WO1985003889A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE8406281U1 (en) 1985-07-25
EP0154876A1 (en) 1985-09-18
NO854172L (en) 1985-10-21
CA1275071A (en) 1990-10-09
EP0168495A1 (en) 1986-01-22
WO1985003889A1 (en) 1985-09-12
DE3407460A1 (en) 1985-08-29
US4693379A (en) 1987-09-15
DE3407460C2 (en) 1986-10-30
JPS61501687A (en) 1986-08-14

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