EP0168058A2 - Relais de sécurité - Google Patents

Relais de sécurité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0168058A2
EP0168058A2 EP85108729A EP85108729A EP0168058A2 EP 0168058 A2 EP0168058 A2 EP 0168058A2 EP 85108729 A EP85108729 A EP 85108729A EP 85108729 A EP85108729 A EP 85108729A EP 0168058 A2 EP0168058 A2 EP 0168058A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
actuator
contacts
relay
main
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85108729A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0168058A3 (en
EP0168058B1 (fr
Inventor
Johannes Oberndorfer
Kenji C/O Matsushita Electric Works Ltd. Ono
Yoshiyuki Obihiro Matsush. El. Works Ltd. Iwami
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Electric Works Europe AG
Original Assignee
Euro Matsushita Electric Works AG
SDS RELAIS AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE3425889A external-priority patent/DE3425889C1/de
Priority claimed from JP12582685A external-priority patent/JPS61284022A/ja
Application filed by Euro Matsushita Electric Works AG, SDS RELAIS AG filed Critical Euro Matsushita Electric Works AG
Priority to AT85108729T priority Critical patent/ATE71239T1/de
Publication of EP0168058A2 publication Critical patent/EP0168058A2/fr
Publication of EP0168058A3 publication Critical patent/EP0168058A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0168058B1 publication Critical patent/EP0168058B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/548—Contact arrangements for miniaturised relays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/001—Means for preventing or breaking contact-welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/02—Bases; Casings; Covers
    • H01H2050/028—Means to improve the overall withstanding voltage, e.g. creepage distances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H51/00—Electromagnetic relays
    • H01H51/22—Polarised relays
    • H01H51/2227—Polarised relays in which the movable part comprises at least one permanent magnet, sandwiched between pole-plates, each forming an active air-gap with parts of the stationary magnetic circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety relay of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a safety relay is known from German utility model 7,512,499.
  • Safety relays have the task of safely disconnecting the circuit to be switched, for example the supply circuit of presses, machine tools, combustion systems or medical devices.
  • two independent contacts are connected in series in the circuit, which are normally open contacts of two monostable relays. If one of the two contacts does not open, for example as a result of contact welding, the circuit is still interrupted by the other contact of the second relay, which is connected in series. It is assumed that the same error does not occur on both contacts at the same time. Safety can be increased by connecting more than two contacts in series.
  • each of the known safety relays has, in addition to the main contact in the circuit to be switched, a monitoring contact which is positively actuated with the main contact and therefore indicates the position of the main contact regardless of the energized state of the relay.
  • These two monitoring contacts are included in an evaluation or control circuit for the two safety relays in such a way that the circuit to be switched is not closed again when the contacts are welded.
  • the position of these monitoring contacts is evaluated via a capacitor which is charged in the rest position of the safety relay via the monitoring contact designed as a normally closed contact and its charge for switching over the respective other safety relays in its working position is required.
  • With more complex control circuits there is an increasing tendency to evaluate the position of the monitoring contacts via a microprocessor.
  • Safety relays also have further contacts which serve as holding contacts and as contacts in a signal circuit for checking the function of the system.
  • all of these contacts are jointly forced by the relay armature or an actuator actuated by it.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a safety relay of the type mentioned, which can be used as the only relay instead of the previously required two in the circuit to be secured and thus leads to a reduction in circuitry and space requirements with the same security of the circuit break and fault detection.
  • one of the two main contacts which are preferably in the form of work contacts, does not open as a result of contact welding, the additional contact which is forcibly guided with this main contact via the driver is also held in this working position, while the actuator which is independent of the driver remains movable and allows the other main contact to be opened.
  • the adjustment of the movable contact parts of the main contacts by the actuator can take place directly, as is the case in the developments of the invention according to claims 2 to 6.
  • the actuator can rest directly on the movable contact parts of the main contacts and take them with it when it moves in its one direction, with the additional contacts being actuated via the drivers that are completely separate from the actuator.
  • This design has the advantage that not only the welding of a contact can be ascertained and a later re-activation of the circuit switched by the relay is prevented, but that contact breakage can also be ascertained, for example by the associated additional contact actively opening when a main contact breaks.
  • the main contacts are adjusted indirectly in that the actuator engages the respective driver when moving in its one direction and the latter takes along the two movable contact parts of the relevant contact pair coupled with it.
  • the development of the invention according to claim 9 is advantageous in that the additional contacts can be switched directly into the charging circuit of a capacitor contained in a control circuit of the relay, the charge for energizing the relay coil to convert the actuator from rest can be used in the work situation.
  • Claim 10 relates to an advantageous embodiment to achieve the flexibility and elasticity required for the contact movements.
  • any two contacts can be used as main contacts in the circuit to be switched, provided they do not belong to the same pair of positively driven contacts via a common driver and insofar as they are arranged with respect to the actuator so that they open both when moving in one direction and when moving in the other direction, both close.
  • the safety relay shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a base plate 10, from which coil connections 11 and contact connections 12 protrude downward.
  • a coil former 13 with a coil 14 is mounted on the base plate 10.
  • a yoke 15 made of soft magnetic material runs through the core of the coil body and is provided with yoke legs 16 at its two ends projecting from the coil body 13.
  • the coil 14 is closed at the top by a base body 17, which carries a central bearing pin 18.
  • An actuator 19 is pivotally mounted around the bearing pin 18 and has two armature rails 21, 22, which are held in a generally H-shaped plastic part 20 and run parallel to one another, and permanent magnets 23 arranged between them. In Fig. 1, the two permanent magnets are visible through oval recesses in the plastic part 20.
  • the anchor rails 21, 22 are of different lengths at the two ends of the actuator 19 such that, in the rest position of the relay shown in FIG. 1, the left longer part of the lower anchor rail 22 and the right longer part of the upper anchor rail 21 on the respective yoke leg 16 concerns. Because of the differently sized, mutually opposing surfaces of the anchor rails and yoke legs, an asymmetry in the permanent magnetic attraction force is obtained, so that the actuator 19 is kept stable in the position shown. Now the coil 14 is excited so that the yoke legs 16 are reversed, the actuator 19 is pivoted into its working position in which the left, shorter end of the upper anchor rail 21 and the right, shorter end of the lower anchor rail 22 abut the yoke legs 16. After the spool 14 has dropped, the actuator 1-9 returns to the rest position shown in FIG. 1.
  • the contact system of the safety relay contains a total of four contact pairs, each of which can be switched over by an actuating lug 24 formed near the end and on the outer sides of the actuator 19.
  • the contact pair shown in FIG. 1 in the upper left part comprises a normally open contact 25, which is formed by a fixed contact part 26 and a contact spring 27 cooperating therewith, and a normally closed contact 28, which is formed by a fixed contact part 29 and a contact spring 30 cooperating with it is formed.
  • the fixed contact parts 26 and 29 and the contact springs 27 and 30 are connected to the contact connections shown in FIG. 2.
  • the two contact springs 27 and 30 run essentially parallel to one another and are positively guided near their outer ends by a driver 31 attached there.
  • the driver 31 represents a separate component which can be moved independently of the actuator 19. Between the two contact springs 27 and 30 there runs a plastic web 32 which is molded onto a cap 33 surrounding the coil 14 and the contact system together with the base, and for Extensive separation of the contact spaces from work contact 25 and normally closed contact
  • the left upper actuating lug 24 acts on the contact spring 27 in such a way that the normally open contact 25 is interrupted, and in this position the contact spring 30 of the normally closed contact 28 is moved via the driver 31 by the contact spring 27 of the normally closed contact 25 acted on such that the normally closed contact 28 is closed.
  • the contact springs 27 and / or 30 are biased accordingly.
  • the pair of contacts shown in Fig. 1 in the lower right part of the safety relay is identical to the one just described, so that its further description is unnecessary.
  • the contact spring acted upon by the lower right actuating lug 24 forms the movable contact part of a normally open contact
  • the other contact spring forms the movable contact part of a normally closed contact.
  • the two other contact pairs provided in the upper right and lower left areas of the relay are also identical to the contact pair in the upper left part, only the switching functions are reversed such that the contact on the outside is a make contact and the contact is further inside lying contact forms a break contact.
  • some parts of the top right contact pair are given the same reference numerals as the corresponding parts of the top left contact pair, but additionally provided with an apostrophe.
  • the normally open contact 25 in the upper left part of the relay and the diametrically opposite normally open contact in the lower right part of the relay can be connected in series as two main contacts in a circuit to be switched, for example in the supply circuit of a machine tool. Assuming that two contacts do not weld at the same time within a relay, safety of the switching off of this circuit is guaranteed, since the actuator 19 still opens the right lower working contact when the left upper working contact is welded, for example.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 3 differs from that according to FIG. 1 only by a different design of the driver 31.
  • the driver 31 is generally E-shaped and has two incisions 35 into which the ends of the two contact springs 27 and 30 are inserted at the end.
  • a guide rail 36 is formed on the relay body, which slidably guides the driver 31 in the direction of the contact spring movement. This increases the accuracy of the forced coupling of work and break contacts 25, 28.
  • FIG. 4 Another variant of the driver 31 is illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • This driver 31 consists of a generally U-shaped plastic part, the two legs of which are provided with slots 37, with which it is pushed onto the ends of the contact springs 27 and 30.
  • the safety relay generally designated 40, is used in a two-hand circuit, for example for a press control. Counter -. Over the arrangement of Figure 1, the relay shown in Figure 5 is rotated 90 0 40, so that the left in Fig 1 top pair of contacts in Figure 5 is displayed on the top right.... The relay 40 is again shown in its rest position in FIG. 5, although only the contact pairs and not also the actuator are illustrated.
  • the four contact pairs of the relay are designated in Fig. 5 with I to IV, wherein for the contact pairs I and III the normally open contact faces the inside of the relay and the normally closed contact is arranged on the outside of the relay, while for the contact pairs II and IV the normally open contact on the outside of the relay and the normally closed contact further inside.
  • the supply circuit of the press runs from the terminal 41 via the fixed contact part 26 and the contact spring 27 of the normally open contact I and the contact spring and the fixed contact part of the normally open contact III to the terminal 42.
  • the series connection of two working contacts thus formed is symbolically represented in FIG. It can be advantageous if the connection of these two make contacts is made internally in the relay.
  • a capacitor 43 is connected to a monitoring circuit, which leads from a ground line 44 via the movable contact 45 of a control relay 46, the fixed contact part 29 and the contact spring 30 of the normally closed contact I and the contact spring and the fixed contact part of the normally closed contact III to a control voltage line 47 (for example 24V) leads.
  • a control voltage line 47 for example 24V
  • a supply circuit is closed which, on the one hand, runs from the control voltage line 47 through the coil 49 of the control relay 46, the upper contacts of the hand switches 48 to the ground line 44, so that the movable contact 45 of the control relay 46 is switched over, and on the other hand 5 via the upper electrode of the capacitor 43 via the upper contacts of the two manual switches 48, a delay element 50 (with a delay time of, for example, 10 ms) and through the coil 14 of the safety relay 40 to the lower electrode of the capacitor according to FIG. 5 43 runs.
  • the capacitor 43 is discharged via the coil 14, as a result of which the safety relay 40 is switched over in its working position, delayed by the time constant of the delay element 50 in relation to the control relay 46.
  • a holding circuit is closed, which extends from the control voltage line 47 via the fixed contact part and the contact spring of the working contact IV, the contact spring and the fixed contact part of the normally open contact II, the movable contact 45 of the monostable control relay 46, which is now in its working position, through the coil 14 of the safety relay 40, the delay element 50 and the two upper contacts of the hand switch 48 to the ground line 44.
  • the two normally open contacts II and IV of the safety relay 40 thus form holding contacts. In this way, the safety relay 40 is held in its working position even after the capacitor 43 has been discharged until one of the hand switches 48 is opened.
  • the remaining two normally closed contacts II and IV of the safety relay 40 are connected in parallel in a signal circuit between the two terminals 51 and 52. To the right of these terminals 51 and 52, the parallel connection of these normally closed contacts is again symbolically shown in FIG. 5.
  • the supply circuit is opened, as a result of which both the monostable safety relay 40 and the monostable control relay 46 return to the rest position and the two working contacts of the supply circuit of the press are opened.
  • the charging circuit for the capacitor 43 is closed again, so that it charges up and enables the safety relay 40 to be switched over to the working position again in the next cycle.
  • the signal circuit between the terminals 51 and 52 is used to check the function of the safety relay 40 Capacitor 43 (the monitoring contacts) are open. This state, which corresponds to an error-free operation of the safety relay 40, can be determined by a logical combination. If one of the contact springs of the safety relay 40 breaks, the condition of this logical link is no longer met, from which an error display can be derived.
  • the H andschalter 48 are additionally provided with the lower contacts that serve to discharge the capacitor 43 through a resistor 53 to ground, provided that only one of said manual switch is depressed 48th
  • the resistor 53 is dimensioned such that when the two manual switches 48 are actuated, the capacitor A3 is discharged practically exclusively via the coil 14 of the safety relay 40. This measure prevents one of the hand switches 48 from being kept in the permanently closed state and an attempt to actuate the press only via the other hand switch 48.
  • the main contacts 25 are two internal contacts facing the actuator 19, which are designed as lift-off contacts, and that the monitoring contacts or additional contacts 28 are used these main contacts 25 are used via the relevant driver 31 positively guided, facing away from the actuator 19, external contacts that work as flexure contacts.
  • the direct application of the contact springs 27 by the actuating lugs 24 of the actuator 19 takes place with sufficient flexibility to ensure that when a main contact 25 is welded, the actuator 19 can return so far in the direction of its rest position that he opens the other main contact.
  • the embodiment of Figure 6 differs from that of Figure 1 in that here the two contact springs 27 and 30 are biased such that the external contact, the working contact 25 and the internal contact Contact forms the normally closed contact 28.
  • the two contact springs 27 and 30 engage in slots of the actuator 31 from below and pretension them for abutment on an extension 60 of the actuator 19.
  • a cutting-shaped projection 61 is provided on the lower side of the actuator 31 according to FIG. 6, which engages in a wedge-shaped recess 62 of the extension 60.
  • the leaf springs 27 and 30 are also mounted in a knife-like manner within the actuator 31.
  • the actuator 31 pivots counterclockwise from the rest position shown in FIG. 6 around the bearing pin indicated at 18, the actuator 31 is positively pressed outward so that the normally closed contact 28 opens and the normally open contact 25 closes. If the working contact 25 welds in its working position, as indicated in FIG. 7, it holds the driver 31 in this position, while the actuator 19 can return to its rest position. The blade-shaped projection 61 is released from the wedge-shaped recess 62 of the attachment 60 provided on the actuator 19. The normally closed contact 28 is then also held in its open position via the actuator 31.
  • the normally open contact 25 shown here and the diametrically opposite (not shown) normally open contact are inserted as main contacts in the circuit to be switched, while the normally closed contact 28 and its diametrically opposite counterpart serve as monitoring contacts.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Agricultural Machines (AREA)
EP85108729A 1984-07-13 1985-07-12 Relais de sécurité Expired - Lifetime EP0168058B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85108729T ATE71239T1 (de) 1984-07-13 1985-07-12 Sicherheitsrelais.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3425889A DE3425889C1 (de) 1984-07-13 1984-07-13 Sicherheitsrelais
DE3425889 1984-07-13
JP12582685A JPS61284022A (ja) 1985-06-10 1985-06-10 電磁継電器
JP125826/85 1985-06-10

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0168058A2 true EP0168058A2 (fr) 1986-01-15
EP0168058A3 EP0168058A3 (en) 1988-08-17
EP0168058B1 EP0168058B1 (fr) 1992-01-02

Family

ID=25822908

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85108729A Expired - Lifetime EP0168058B1 (fr) 1984-07-13 1985-07-12 Relais de sécurité

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0168058B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3585056D1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0224081A1 (fr) * 1985-11-14 1987-06-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareil interrupteur électromagnétique
EP0225038A2 (fr) * 1985-10-25 1987-06-10 Nec Corporation Relais électromagnétique polarisé
WO1994016456A1 (fr) * 1993-01-13 1994-07-21 Hengstler Bauelemente Gmbh Relais de securite comportant un jeu de contacts guide et une commande monostable

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3270301A (en) * 1963-06-13 1966-08-30 Sigma Instruments Inc Plug-in type miniature relay with transparent cover
FR2050648A5 (fr) * 1969-06-19 1971-04-02 Schaltbau Gmbh
DE2517263A1 (de) * 1975-04-18 1976-10-28 Haller & Co E Relais mit sicherheitskontakten
EP0013991A1 (fr) * 1979-01-25 1980-08-06 EURO-Matsushita Electric Works Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif à ressorts de contact pour relais électromagnétiques polarisés
EP0022953A1 (fr) * 1979-07-18 1981-01-28 Hans Sauer Relais électromagnétique
EP0096350A2 (fr) * 1982-06-03 1983-12-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Relais électromagnétique à armature tournante

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3270301A (en) * 1963-06-13 1966-08-30 Sigma Instruments Inc Plug-in type miniature relay with transparent cover
FR2050648A5 (fr) * 1969-06-19 1971-04-02 Schaltbau Gmbh
DE2517263A1 (de) * 1975-04-18 1976-10-28 Haller & Co E Relais mit sicherheitskontakten
EP0013991A1 (fr) * 1979-01-25 1980-08-06 EURO-Matsushita Electric Works Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif à ressorts de contact pour relais électromagnétiques polarisés
EP0022953A1 (fr) * 1979-07-18 1981-01-28 Hans Sauer Relais électromagnétique
EP0096350A2 (fr) * 1982-06-03 1983-12-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Relais électromagnétique à armature tournante

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0225038A2 (fr) * 1985-10-25 1987-06-10 Nec Corporation Relais électromagnétique polarisé
EP0225038A3 (en) * 1985-10-25 1989-07-26 Nec Corporation Polarized electromagnetic relay
EP0224081A1 (fr) * 1985-11-14 1987-06-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Appareil interrupteur électromagnétique
WO1994016456A1 (fr) * 1993-01-13 1994-07-21 Hengstler Bauelemente Gmbh Relais de securite comportant un jeu de contacts guide et une commande monostable

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0168058A3 (en) 1988-08-17
EP0168058B1 (fr) 1992-01-02
DE3585056D1 (de) 1992-02-13

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