EP0159234B1 - Procédé et installation de traitement d'un site de stockage - Google Patents

Procédé et installation de traitement d'un site de stockage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0159234B1
EP0159234B1 EP19850400512 EP85400512A EP0159234B1 EP 0159234 B1 EP0159234 B1 EP 0159234B1 EP 19850400512 EP19850400512 EP 19850400512 EP 85400512 A EP85400512 A EP 85400512A EP 0159234 B1 EP0159234 B1 EP 0159234B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
site
gas
passages
nitrogen
reservoir
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19850400512
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0159234A1 (fr
Inventor
Michel Bonneton
Bernard Marchal
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority to AT85400512T priority Critical patent/ATE27792T1/de
Publication of EP0159234A1 publication Critical patent/EP0159234A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0159234B1 publication Critical patent/EP0159234B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B57/00—Tank or cargo hold cleaning specially adapted for vessels
    • B63B57/04—Tank or cargo hold cleaning specially adapted for vessels by ventilating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/22—Safety features
    • B65D90/30—Recovery of escaped vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/22—Safety features
    • B65D90/38—Means for reducing the vapour space or for reducing the formation of vapour within containers
    • B65D90/44—Means for reducing the vapour space or for reducing the formation of vapour within containers by use of inert gas for filling space above liquid or between contents
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F25J1/0025—Boil-off gases "BOG" from storages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0221—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process using the cold stored in an external cryogenic component in an open refrigeration loop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0248—Stopping of the process, e.g. defrosting or deriming, maintenance; Back-up mode or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F17C2227/044—Methods for emptying or filling by purging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
    • F25J2210/42—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/08—Cold compressor, i.e. suction of the gas at cryogenic temperature and generally without afterstage-cooler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2230/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams
    • F25J2230/60—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure of gaseous process streams the fluid being hydrocarbons or a mixture of hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
    • F25J2290/62—Details of storing a fluid in a tank

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and an installation for treating a storage site, in particular for purging and inerting tanks. It applies in particular to the purging and inerting of tanks of vessels carrying liquefied natural gas (LNG) or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG). However, it can also be applied to the purging and inerting of other types of tanks containing volatile flammable, polluting and / or expensive products.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • LPG liquefied petroleum gas
  • this purging operation which is often called “deballasting" is carried out in two stages: bringing the tanks to room temperature, at sea, at the quay, injecting a neutral gas such as nitrogen. During this last operation, the combustible gas expelled from the tanks under the pressure of nitrogen, consisting of light hydrocarbons, is sent to the flare. At the end of the deballasting operation, fuel gas is also injected into the mixture leaving the tanks so as to obtain a stable combustible mixture at the flare until the deballasting is completely stopped.
  • a method is also known according to which a carrier gas, for example nitrogen, is introduced into the residual gas of the reservoir, and a gaseous mixture formed from the residual gas and the carrier gas is drawn from the reservoir, and it is subjected to a washing operation using a liquid solvent in which the carrier gas is at least hardly soluble and the residual gas well soluble, and the carrier gas is reintroduced under pressure into the reservoir (see FR-A-1 577152 ).
  • a carrier gas for example nitrogen
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and an installation making it possible to economically recover most of the gaseous products expelled from the storage site during the purging.
  • a method for treating a storage site in particular for purging and inerting a reservoir, of the type in which a gaseous product contained in said site is expelled by injecting nitrogen therein (known from FR-A-1 577 152), characterized in that an indirect heat exchange is carried out between the gas leaving said site and liquid nitrogen, so as to partially condense this gas, and in that injects into said site the gaseous nitrogen resulting from this vaporization of liquid nitrogen.
  • the invention also relates to an installation for treating a storage site, in particular for purging and inerting of tanks, intended for the implementation of such a process.
  • This installation includes: a phase separator; a storage container communicating with the phase separator; and an indirect heat exchanger comprising first passages intended to be connected upstream to said site and connected downstream to the separator, and second passages connected upstream to a source of liquid nitrogen and intended to be connected downstream to said site.
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 schematically illustrate four alternative embodiments of the method according to the invention.
  • an installation intended to purge for inerting a tank 1 which is for example a tank of LNG or LPG transport ship.
  • the installation comprises an indirect heat exchanger 2 against the current, a phase separator 3 and a container 4 for storing the recovered liquid products.
  • the exchanger 2 comprises first passages 5 connected upstream to the tank 1 and downstream to the separator 3, and second passages 6 connected upstream to a source of liquid nitrogen and downstream to the tank 1 by l intermediate of a pipe 7.
  • a pipe 8 is provided on the pipe 7 provided with a valve 9 controlled by the pressure prevailing in the pipe 7.
  • a pipe 10 for supplying auxiliary nitrogen gas provided with a valve 11 and supplied by an external nitrogen source opens into the same pipe 7 downstream of the vent 8.
  • the base of the separator 3 is connected to that of the container 4 by a line 12, and the top of the separator is equipped with a vent 13 provided with a pressure limiter not shown.
  • a pipe 14 provided with a valve 15 makes it possible to bring nitrogen gas into the upper part of the container 4 from an external nitrogen source.
  • liquid nitrogen is vaporized in the exchanger 2 against the flow of the gas leaving the reservoir 1. This gas is thus partially condensed, and the liquid obtained is collected in the separator 3 and transferred to the container 4 by driving 12.
  • the nitrogen gas vaporized in the exchanger 2 is sent via line 7 into the tank 1, opposite the gas outlet orifice of this tank, and pushes the gas content of the tank towards the passages 5 of the exchanger 2.
  • nitrogen is used a first time for its cooling capacity, then a second time for its mechanical energy and for its properties inerting.
  • a compressor 16 can be mounted between the outlet of the tank 1 and the inlet of the passages 5.
  • the gas formed in the separator 3 can then be reinjected into the passages 6 of the exchanger 2 which convey the liquid nitrogen by a line 17, which is provided with a valve 18 controlled by the pressure of the separator.
  • a valve 18 controlled by the pressure of the separator.
  • Such reinjection assumes, however, that the content of the gas in the separator in product to be recovered is sufficiently low, so that it occurs only at an already advanced stage of the purging operation, in a phase where, precisely, the Nitrogen flow required for condensation is no longer sufficient to ensure effective purging.
  • Vent 13 is equipped with an 18A control valve.
  • FIG. 2 assumes that there is a compressor 16 of the cryogenic type. According to the variant of FIG. 3, it may be more advantageous to use an ordinary, less expensive compressor, and an auxiliary exchanger 19 providing an indirect countercurrent heat exchange between the gas entering the compressor and the gas leaving it. . Apart from this difference, the arrangement of FIG. 3 is identical to that of FIG. 2.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a variant of the diagram of Figure 1 which allows to push to a high degree the recovery without increasing the pressure of the gas leaving the tank, and therefore without using a compressor and a heat exchanger adapted to support high pressures.
  • it is necessary to lower the temperature in the exchanger 2, which leads to the presence of a sub-cooled liquid in the separator 3.
  • the auxiliary heat exchanger 20 provides a countercurrent heat exchange between the supply line outlet of the reservoir and the pipe 12, and the treated gas is precooled before exchanging heat with the liquid nitrogen. It is understood that this variant improves the thermal balance of the installation.
  • FIG. 4 also shows a bypass 21 connecting the sections of the tank outlet pipe located before and after the exchanger 20.
  • This bypass is equipped with a valve 22 controlled by the temperature prevailing in the line 12 downstream of the exchanger 20.
  • the flow of gas which effectively passes through this exchanger is controlled by the quantity of heat which is exchanged.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
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  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
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  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
EP19850400512 1984-03-23 1985-03-18 Procédé et installation de traitement d'un site de stockage Expired EP0159234B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85400512T ATE27792T1 (de) 1984-03-23 1985-03-18 Verfahren und anlage fuer die behandlung einer lagerstaette.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8404536 1984-03-23
FR8404536A FR2561751B1 (fr) 1984-03-23 1984-03-23 Procede et installation de purge et d'inertage de reservoir

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EP0159234A1 EP0159234A1 (fr) 1985-10-23
EP0159234B1 true EP0159234B1 (fr) 1987-06-16

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EP (1) EP0159234B1 (es)
JP (1) JPS60232286A (es)
AT (1) ATE27792T1 (es)
AU (1) AU569567B2 (es)
CA (1) CA1272118A (es)
DE (1) DE3560254D1 (es)
ES (1) ES8701350A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2561751B1 (es)
ZA (1) ZA852010B (es)

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CH685240A5 (fr) * 1991-10-18 1995-05-15 Explosafe Overseas Nv Installation pour rendre ininflammable et non-explosif un liquide inflammable et explosif lorsqu'il est contenu dans au moins un réservoir.
US5291751A (en) * 1992-04-21 1994-03-08 Liquid Carbonic Corporation Cryo-mechanical vapor recovery apparatus
US5291738A (en) 1992-12-07 1994-03-08 Edwards Engineering Corp. Vapor recovery apparatus and method
US5377723A (en) * 1993-09-03 1995-01-03 Henry T. Hilliard, Jr. Method and apparatus for venting a storage vessel
DE10247511A1 (de) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-22 Linde Ag Verfahren zum Entleeren eines Behälters
US7087804B2 (en) * 2003-06-19 2006-08-08 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Use of waste nitrogen from air separation units for blanketing cargo and ballast tanks
CN101264417B (zh) * 2007-03-16 2010-09-22 中国人民解放军后勤工程学院 负压富集氮气保护油品的方法
JP5099326B2 (ja) * 2007-08-31 2012-12-19 農工大ティー・エル・オー株式会社 揮発性有機化合物の排出、回収、処理方法、タンクコンテナ内の洗浄処理方法及びタンクコンテナ内の洗浄処理装置表示具保持装置
CN103567197B (zh) * 2013-10-31 2014-09-03 浙江古纤道绿色纤维有限公司 Pet液相增粘釜清洗装置及其清洗工艺
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CN110077746B (zh) * 2019-04-29 2020-10-16 中国长城葡萄酒有限公司 液体储罐保压装置及方法
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WO2021061253A1 (en) 2019-09-24 2021-04-01 Exxonmobil Upstream Research Company Cargo stripping features for dual-purpose cryogenic tanks on ships or floating storage units for lng and liquid nitrogen
JP7377094B2 (ja) * 2019-12-19 2023-11-09 三菱造船株式会社 船舶
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WO2023079683A1 (ja) * 2021-11-05 2023-05-11 川崎重工業株式会社 液化水素貯留方法および液化水素貯留システム

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ES8701350A1 (es) 1986-11-16
ATE27792T1 (de) 1987-07-15
JPS60232286A (ja) 1985-11-18
ZA852010B (en) 1985-11-27
FR2561751B1 (fr) 1988-11-10
ES541499A0 (es) 1986-11-16
EP0159234A1 (fr) 1985-10-23
AU569567B2 (en) 1988-02-04
FR2561751A1 (fr) 1985-09-27
US4604115A (en) 1986-08-05
CA1272118A (fr) 1990-07-31
AU4020185A (en) 1985-09-26
DE3560254D1 (en) 1987-07-23

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