EP0145167B1 - Improvements in or relating to thread cutting - Google Patents

Improvements in or relating to thread cutting Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0145167B1
EP0145167B1 EP84307008A EP84307008A EP0145167B1 EP 0145167 B1 EP0145167 B1 EP 0145167B1 EP 84307008 A EP84307008 A EP 84307008A EP 84307008 A EP84307008 A EP 84307008A EP 0145167 B1 EP0145167 B1 EP 0145167B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shank
insert
tool
teeth
thread
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84307008A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0145167A1 (en
Inventor
Richard Benson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stellram Ltd
Original Assignee
Stellram Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stellram Ltd filed Critical Stellram Ltd
Priority to AT84307008T priority Critical patent/ATE87520T1/de
Publication of EP0145167A1 publication Critical patent/EP0145167A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0145167B1 publication Critical patent/EP0145167B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/007—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor for internal turning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
    • B23B27/06—Profile cutting tools, i.e. forming-tools
    • B23B27/065—Thread-turning tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23G—THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH
    • B23G5/00—Thread-cutting tools; Die-heads
    • B23G5/18—Milling cutters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B2270/00—Details of turning, boring or drilling machines, processes or tools not otherwise provided for
    • B23B2270/16—Constructions comprising three or more similar components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/17—Gear cutting tool
    • Y10T407/1715—Hob
    • Y10T407/172—Thread cutting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
    • Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T407/00—Cutters, for shaping
    • Y10T407/19—Rotary cutting tool
    • Y10T407/1906—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool
    • Y10T407/1934—Rotary cutting tool including holder [i.e., head] having seat for inserted tool with separate means to fasten tool to holder
    • Y10T407/1936—Apertured tool

Definitions

  • This invention concerns the milling of screw-threads and more particularly relates to a thread-milling tool and methods of cutting threads on both cylindrical and tapering surfaces.
  • GB-A-130717 discloses a tool for chasing a preformed screw-thread comprising an elongate shank, a slot wherein is located and removably secured a flat cutting insert having a cutting edge which projects laterally of the shank and which is formed with a line of thread-form teeth, said teeth having a pitch line which, when viewed in a direction at right angles to the lengthwise dimension of the shank and on to a major face of the flat insert, extends parallel to or at an angle to the lengthwise dimension of the shank.
  • a rotary thread-milling tool comprising an elongate generally cylindrical shank having at its forward end a pocket wherein it is located and removably secured a flat or substantially flat cutting insert having a cutting edge projecting laterally of the shank which edge is formed with a line of thread-form teeth, said teeth having a pitch line which, when viewed in a direction at right angles to the axis of the shank and on to a major face of the flat insert, extends parallel to the lengthwise axis of the shank, characterised in that the teeth in said line are of identical profile and in that the pocket is in the general form of a rebate having in the bottom thereof a recess in which the insert is secured by a screw extending centrally through the insert into the bottom of the recess and which is of corresponding shape to the insert so as to receive and accurately to locate the insert in a fixed position with said line of teeth projecting and disposed parallel to the lengthwise axis of the shank, the top face of the insert being fully
  • the invention also provides a rotary thread-milling tool comprising an elongate generally cylindrical shank, a pocket wherein is located and removably secured a flat or substantially flat cutting insert having a cutting edge which projects laterally of the shank and is formed with a line of thread-form teeth, said teeth having a pitch line which, when viewed in a direction at right angles to the axis of the shank and on to a major face of the flat insert, is inclined relative to the lengthwise of the shank for forming a screw-thread on a conical surface of corresponding inclination, characterised in that said teeth are of identical profile.
  • the invention provides a method of cutting an internal or external screw-thread on a cylindrical surface of a workpiece by means of a rotary thread-milling tool comprising an elongate generally cylindrical shank, a pocket wherein is located and removably secured a flat or substantially flat cutting insert having a cutting edge which projects laterally of the shank and which is formed with a line of thread-form teeth of identical profile, said teeth having a pitch line which, when viewed in a direction at right angles to the axis of the shank and on to a major face of the flat insert, extends parallel to the lengthwise axis of the shank, which method comprises the steps of mounting the workpiece in a fixed position, rotating the thread-milling tool about said lengthwise axis, moving the tool in a helical path about the axis of said cylindrical surface which axis is parallel to said lengthwise axis, said path being of such radius as to bring the teeth of the insert into cutting engagement with the cylindrical surface and, simultaneously with the rotation of the tool about said
  • the invention further provides a method of cutting an internal or external screw-thread on a conically inclined surface of a workpiece by means of a thread-milling tool comprising an elongate generally cylindrical shank, a pocket wherein is located and removably secured a flat or substantially flat cutting insert having a cutting edge which projects laterally of the shank and is formed with a line of thread-form teeth, said teeth having a pitch line which, when viewed in a direction at right angles to the axis of the shank and on to a major face of the flat insert, is inclined relative to the lengthwise axis of the shank so as to be parallel to said conically inclined surface and said teeth being of identical profile, which method comprises the steps of mounting the workpiece in a fixed position rotating the thread-milling tool about said lengthwise axis and moving the tool in a spiral path to bring the teeth of the tool into cutting engagement with said conically inclined surface, simultaneously with rotation of the tool moving the tool axially relative to the workpiece a distance equal to the axial pitch of the
  • the teeth of the insert may be cut at an angle With respect to the two principal faces of the insert said angle Corresponding to the helix angle of the thread which is to be cut but it is preferred that the teeth be straight cut (i.e. at right angles to said Principal faces).
  • the base of the recess may be parallel to the lengthwise axis of the shank, or may be angled at a small angle (say 1 o or 11 ⁇ 2 o ) to the said axis of the shank to incline the teeth at such an angle.
  • an anvil plate may be disposed between the insert and the base of the recess and may have its principal faces inclined to each other at the angle required to provide the appropriate helix angle.
  • the insert is of flat triangular form.
  • a set of teeth may be formed along more than one edge of the insert.
  • the tool comprises an elongate shank 10 and a triangular cutting insert 11 secured at the leading end portion of the shank.
  • the root portions of the shank are shaped according to any suitable one of the standards used in tools for milling machines.
  • the leading end portion of the shank has a rebate 12 having a flat bottom 12a cut in it and a flat-bottomed, substantially triangular recess is cut in the flat bottom 12a of the rebate and receives the insert 11.
  • the flat bottom of the recess is inclined at a small angle 0 corresponding to the helix angle of the required thread, so that viewed from the side the bottom of the recess is skewed relative to the lengthwise axis 13 of the shank.
  • 11 ⁇ 2 o and 1 o have been found to be suitable values for ⁇ , being a close approximation to the correct helix angle for a wide range of thread diameters, but in some cases ⁇ may be 0 o , i.e. the bottom of the pocket is parallel to the axis 13.
  • the insert is secured by a screw 14 extending through an aperture in the insert, and through an aperture in a triangular anvil plate 16 which in this arrangement is also disposed in the recess, into a threaded hole in the bottom of the recess.
  • the anvil plate may be omitted.
  • the anvil has parallel faces, but the recess may alternatively have its bottom wall parallel to the axis of the shank and either the anvil may have its principal faces inclined to each other at the required angle or the teeth of the insert may be cut at a small angle instead of being straight cut. It will be clear that combinations of these methods are also possible to achieve a required angular positioning of the teeth of the insert.
  • the insert itself is of flat plate form and in this example is of triangular outline, the teeth being identical to each other and complementary in profile to the teeth to be cut and being conveniently straight cut through the thickness of the plate material.
  • the insert is disposed so that the pitch line of the teeth, viewed as in Figure 1, is parallel to the lengthwise axis of the shank.
  • Teeth may be formed along one or more of the edges of the insert to allow indexing of the insert when a set of teeth becomes worn.
  • the insert and recess can be of any desired matching shape.
  • the insert can be made in any variety of hard materials such as high speed steel, carbon steel, ceramics, carbide, coated carbide, titanium and silicon based materials.
  • the shank of the tool is mounted on and coaxially with the spindle of a milling machine, and the workpiece W is mounted on the work-table 17 of the machine as shown in Figures 4 and 5.
  • the milling machine is preferably a numerically-controlled machine such that its spindle can be moved in a desired continuous path.
  • the spindle is caused to move in a planar circular path about an axis parallel to that of the work-piece.
  • the radius of the circular path is such that the insert comes into cutting engagement with the surface in which the thread is to be cut as the cutting tool rotates with the spindle.
  • the tool may move progressively into the required circular path, and thread-cutting commences with the cutting teeth in axially-overlapping relationship with the work-piece surface
  • the rotational speed of the spindle is of course much higher than that of its circular movement.
  • the spindle head is moved axially by a distance equal to the thread pitch for each revolution of the tool in its circular path, as indicated by the chain line 15.
  • the base of the recess is in this instance inclined at 15o relative to a common plane containing the spindle axis and the axis of said circular path as shown in Figure 6, the clearance being indicated at 18.
  • the effect of this angle may be modified by grinding a desired rake angle on the cutting edge of the teeth.
  • the line of cutting teeth will be inclined with respect to the lengthwise axis of the shank at an angle equal to the angle of the conically inclined surface of the workpiece to which the thread is to be applied, so that the line of teeth of the tool is parallel to said inclined surface, and a numerically-controlled milling machine is employed and is programmed to move the tool in a circle of continuously increasing or decreasing radius according to the direction of axial feed of the tool, as the tool is moved axially by the machine spindle.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
EP84307008A 1983-10-14 1984-10-12 Improvements in or relating to thread cutting Expired - Lifetime EP0145167B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84307008T ATE87520T1 (de) 1983-10-14 1984-10-12 Gewindeschneiden.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB838327581A GB8327581D0 (en) 1983-10-14 1983-10-14 Thread cutting
GB8327581 1983-10-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0145167A1 EP0145167A1 (en) 1985-06-19
EP0145167B1 true EP0145167B1 (en) 1993-03-31

Family

ID=10550218

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84307008A Expired - Lifetime EP0145167B1 (en) 1983-10-14 1984-10-12 Improvements in or relating to thread cutting

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5098232A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0145167B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JPS60150901A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE87520T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE3486118T2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB8327581D0 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE87520T1 (de) 1993-04-15
JPS60150901A (ja) 1985-08-08
JPH0244647B2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-10-04
GB8327581D0 (en) 1983-11-16
EP0145167A1 (en) 1985-06-19
US5098232A (en) 1992-03-24
DE3486118D1 (de) 1993-05-06
DE3486118T2 (de) 1993-07-15

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