EP0138082B1 - Dérivateur à décharge dans un gaz et méthode de fabrication - Google Patents

Dérivateur à décharge dans un gaz et méthode de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0138082B1
EP0138082B1 EP84111068A EP84111068A EP0138082B1 EP 0138082 B1 EP0138082 B1 EP 0138082B1 EP 84111068 A EP84111068 A EP 84111068A EP 84111068 A EP84111068 A EP 84111068A EP 0138082 B1 EP0138082 B1 EP 0138082B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
activator
weight
molybdenum
electrodes
barium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84111068A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0138082A1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Watzke
Gerhard Ing. Grad. Lange
Jürgen Ing. grad. Boy
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0138082A1 publication Critical patent/EP0138082A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0138082B1 publication Critical patent/EP0138082B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
    • H01T1/20—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap
    • H01T1/22—Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap by the shape or the composition of the electrodes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a gas discharge arrester according to the preambles of claims 1 or 2.
  • gas discharge arresters are known from DE-OS 2 619 866.
  • the activator mass which is introduced into the gas discharge conductor contains barium aluminum, an alkali halide and titanium. By adding titanium, the response voltage should be kept stable and a long service life should be achieved.
  • the object on which the present invention is based is to reduce the sample scatter and the collective scatter of the electrical values of the gas discharge arrester and to increase the thermal and electrical load capacity of the arrester without having to accept a change in its electrical characteristic values.
  • composition according to the invention is practically two-stage gettering. Gases that form at low temperatures below about 900 ° C are gettered by the barium aluminum, but if the temperature of the activation mass briefly rises above 1 000 ° C, these substances are released by the barium aluminum and taken over by the tungsten or molybdenum.
  • Tungsten is particularly suitable for very high peak currents and the associated very strong heating of the activator, while molybdenum is advantageous and also more cost-effective in the case of moderate overheating.
  • tungsten in particular has the particular advantage that a particularly low sputtering occurs, that is to say that very little material evaporates from the electrodes. Evaporating material leads to metal layers on the housing, which in turn increases the capacity of the surge arrester. The increase in capacity must be avoided for many applications, especially for high-frequency applications. The use of molybdenum is sufficient for this, unless extreme demands make it necessary to use tungsten.
  • activator composition according to the invention is an increased tendency to form sintered metal. This results in layers that are much more adhesive, especially when using nickel, than without the addition of molybdenum or tungsten. For this it is advantageous if the activator contains equal parts by weight of nickel and molybdenum.
  • the proportion of molybdenum, provided sufficient adhesive strength is ensured, is advantageously matched to the required amount of barium aluminum, the proportion by weight of barium aluminum to that of molybdenum advantageously being 1: 3.
  • the adhesive strength is usually sufficient in the presence of alkali metal, when nickel is used in cases of low mechanical stress.
  • Surge arresters according to the invention are advantageously produced by a method in which an activator mass is applied to at least one electrode, which contains the required starting substances in powder form, by sealing the arrester gas-tight and then subjecting it to a temperature treatment and electrical formation by means of current surges and the current surges being measured in this way that the temperature in the activator is briefly raised above 1 000 ° C.
  • This method all volatile substances are first gotten through the barium aluminum, but are released again when the temperature rises and are bound by the tungsten or molybdenum. Therefore, they can no longer lead to malfunctions even during high loads during operation.
  • the starting substances are advantageously mixed in the form of powder with a grain size between 0.2 .mu.m and 50 .mu.m, mixed with a chemically inactive liquid to form a paste and so applied to the electrodes.
  • Alcohol for example, is suitable as a chemically inactive liquid.
  • potassium is released from these masses, which lowers the work function for the electrodes, the halide being bound by the getter metals.
  • the potassium that forms in the liquid state also binds the activator; when it cools, the activator adheres sufficiently firmly.
  • the potassium-containing embodiment does not result in any electrically conductive deposits on the housing wall even when sputtering
  • the sputtering in the example described with equal proportions by weight of nickel and molybdenum has already been reduced to such an extent that this composition can also be used for arresters with ignition marks on the inside of the insulator can, without the ignition lines evaporating and the response surge voltage rising inadmissibly.
  • the barium aluminum alloy When executed using nickel powder, the barium aluminum alloy acts as an emission-determining substance.
  • the nickel content forms a heat-dissipating sintered structure and, together with the molybdenum, forms a firmly adhering layer on the electrode.
  • the molybdenum powder component in turn forms the getter described for base gas components.

Landscapes

  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
  • Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)

Claims (8)

1_. Protecteur de surtension à gaz dans lequel deux ou plusieurs électrodes se font face, l'une au moins de ces électrodes étant revêtue d'un activateur, cet activateur contenant au moins un métal alcalin et un alliage de baryum et d'aluminium, caractérisé en ce que l'activateur contient en outre du tungstène métallique et/ou du molybdène.
2. Protecteur de surtension à gaz dans lequel deux ou plusieurs électrodes se font face, l'une au moins de ces électrodes étant revêtue d'un activateur, cet activateur contenant au moins un métal alcalin et un alliage de baryum et d'aluminium, caractérisé en ce que l'activateur contient en outre du nickel métallique et du tungstène métallique et/ou du molybdène.
3. Protecteur de surtension à gaz suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé par des proportions équipondérables de nickel et de molybdène.
4. Protecteur de surtension à gaz suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le rapport de la proportion pondérale de l'alliage de baryum et d'aluminium à la proportion pondérale de molybdène est de 1:3.
5. Procédé de fabrication d'un protecteur de surtension à gaz suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à déposer sur au moins une électrode une masse d'activateur qui contient, sous forme de poudre, les substances de départ nécessaires, à fermer le protecteur de surtension d'une manière étanche au gaz et à le soumettre ensuite à un traitement thermique et à un formage électrique par des impulsions de courant, et à donner aux impulsions de courant des valeurs telles que la température de l'activateur s'élève au-dessus de 1 000 °C pendant une courte durée.
6. Procédé suivant la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il consiste à mélanger les substances de départ de l'activateur sous la forme d'une poudre ayant une granulométrie comprise entre 0,2 micron et 50 microns, à les mélanger à un liquide inactif chimiquement pour en faire une pâte et à les déposer ainsi sur les électrodes.
7. Procédé suivant l'une des revendications 4 à 6, caractérisé par l'utilisation d'une masse d'activateur ayant la composition suivante:
de 25% en poids à 90% en poids d'un halogénure de métal alcalin,
de 3% en poids à 50% en poids d'un alliage de baryum et d'aluminium,
de 5% en poids à 70% en poids de molybdène.
8. Procédé suivant la revendication 7, caractérisé par l'utilisation d'une masse d'activation ayant la composition suivante:
environ 60% en poids de chlorure de potassium,
environ 10% en poids d'un alliage de baryum et d'aluminium,
environ 30% en poids de molybdène.
EP84111068A 1983-09-30 1984-09-17 Dérivateur à décharge dans un gaz et méthode de fabrication Expired EP0138082B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19833335602 DE3335602A1 (de) 1983-09-30 1983-09-30 Gasentladungsableiter und herstellungsverfahren
DE3335602 1983-09-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0138082A1 EP0138082A1 (fr) 1985-04-24
EP0138082B1 true EP0138082B1 (fr) 1988-01-27

Family

ID=6210629

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84111068A Expired EP0138082B1 (fr) 1983-09-30 1984-09-17 Dérivateur à décharge dans un gaz et méthode de fabrication

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4665337A (fr)
EP (1) EP0138082B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6095875A (fr)
DE (2) DE3335602A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19632417C1 (de) * 1996-08-05 1998-05-07 Siemens Ag Gasgefüllter Überspannungsableiter mit Elektroden-Aktivierungsmasse

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0242590B1 (fr) * 1986-04-22 1989-06-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dérivateur de surtension à décharge dans le gaz
EP0242688B1 (fr) * 1986-04-22 1990-07-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dérivateur de surtension
JPH0722033B2 (ja) * 1986-06-13 1995-03-08 岡谷電機産業株式会社 アレスタ
DE3727545C2 (de) * 1987-08-18 1995-05-04 Siemens Ag Überspannungsableiter mit Aktivierungsmasse
FR2636167B1 (fr) * 1988-09-08 1990-11-16 Citel Cie Indle Tubes Lampes E Parafoudre a gaz contenant un additif mineral
JPH07118361B2 (ja) * 1990-02-27 1995-12-18 清太 大森 モリブデン避雷器
DE4318994C2 (de) * 1993-05-26 1995-04-20 Siemens Ag Gasgefüllter Überspannungsableiter
JP3749754B2 (ja) * 1995-05-02 2006-03-01 新光電気工業株式会社 放電管
US6194820B1 (en) * 1998-02-20 2001-02-27 Shinko Electric Industries Co., Ltd. Discharge tube having switching spark gap
US20040252438A1 (en) * 2002-06-13 2004-12-16 Accurate Automation Corporation Method and apparatus for a subnanosecond response time transient protection device
DE102005016848A1 (de) * 2005-04-12 2006-10-19 Epcos Ag Überspannungsableiter
CN101297452A (zh) * 2005-09-14 2008-10-29 力特保险丝有限公司 充气式电涌放电器、激活化合物、点火条及相应方法
RU184528U1 (ru) * 2018-06-27 2018-10-30 Акционерное общество "Научно-исследовательский институт газоразрядных приборов "Плазма" (АО "ПЛАЗМА") Газонаполненный разрядник

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL283516A (fr) * 1962-09-21
IT713587A (fr) * 1963-01-23
DE2445063B2 (de) * 1974-09-20 1977-09-29 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Ueberspannungsableiter mit einem gasgefuellten entladungsgefaess
DE2537964C3 (de) * 1975-08-26 1978-03-30 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Überspannungsableiter mit einer Gasfüllung
DE2619866C3 (de) * 1976-05-05 1979-10-31 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Gasentladungsröhre, insbesondere Überspannungsableiter
DE2834088A1 (de) * 1978-08-03 1980-02-14 Siemens Ag Gasentladungsroehre, insbesondere ueberspannungsableiter
JPS5598434A (en) * 1979-01-22 1980-07-26 Toshiba Corp Electrode for discharge tube
DE2914836C2 (de) * 1979-04-11 1983-11-17 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Herstellungsverfahren für die Elektrodenaktivierungsmasse in einer Gasentladungsröhre
US4369392A (en) * 1979-09-20 1983-01-18 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Oxide-coated cathode and method of producing the same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19632417C1 (de) * 1996-08-05 1998-05-07 Siemens Ag Gasgefüllter Überspannungsableiter mit Elektroden-Aktivierungsmasse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4665337A (en) 1987-05-12
EP0138082A1 (fr) 1985-04-24
DE3469119D1 (en) 1988-03-03
DE3335602A1 (de) 1985-04-18
JPH0223996B2 (fr) 1990-05-28
JPS6095875A (ja) 1985-05-29

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