EP0134907A1 - Dispositif pour l'amenée d'un milieu gazeux sous forme d'impulsion dans un four de calcination, etc. - Google Patents

Dispositif pour l'amenée d'un milieu gazeux sous forme d'impulsion dans un four de calcination, etc. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0134907A1
EP0134907A1 EP84106165A EP84106165A EP0134907A1 EP 0134907 A1 EP0134907 A1 EP 0134907A1 EP 84106165 A EP84106165 A EP 84106165A EP 84106165 A EP84106165 A EP 84106165A EP 0134907 A1 EP0134907 A1 EP 0134907A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixing nozzle
combustion chamber
lance
gas
mixing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP84106165A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0134907B1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Dr.-Ing. Leisenberg
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Individual
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Individual
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Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT84106165T priority Critical patent/ATE23220T1/de
Publication of EP0134907A1 publication Critical patent/EP0134907A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0134907B1 publication Critical patent/EP0134907B1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/04—Circulating atmospheres by mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/002—Gaseous fuel
    • F23K5/005—Gaseous fuel from a central source to a plurality of burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/3005—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
    • F27B9/3011—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases arrangements for circulating gases transversally

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the pulsed introduction of a combustible gas or air into a combustion chamber or the like., In particular for firing a tunnel furnace of the ceramic industry operated above the ignition temperature with gas, by means of a lance projecting into the combustion chamber, which is connected to a a supply line for the medium to be introduced is connected to a pulse-controlled solenoid valve.
  • furnaces used in the ceramic industry are designed as tunnel furnaces. In principle, these consist of two counterflow heat exchangers connected in series with a combustion zone in between.
  • the air mass flow required for heating and cooling the combustion material corresponds approximately to the mass flow of the combustion good and is wholly or largely led through the firing zone.
  • heated air with sufficient oxygen content for combustion is generally available in the combustion zone between 7oo and 125o degrees Celsius.
  • the burners used here have the task of generating the required temperature with a homogeneous temperature distribution and an oxidizing furnace atmosphere.
  • an individual setting of each burner is required to adjust the power distribution over the furnace cross-section or the furnace length.
  • the air volumes in the heating and cooling zone cannot be freely selected. Therefore, when adding secondary air to the burners, a corresponding part of the air required for heat exchange in the cooling zone must be drawn off from the furnace before entering the combustion zone.
  • This hot air is generally used for drying.
  • the heat requirement of the dryer often does not match the heat requirement of the furnace, neither in time nor in quantity, so that in addition to heat losses in the pipes, especially at the weekend, the furnace waste heat cannot be fully utilized.
  • measures to reduce the amount of flue gas and to recover the heat contained in the flue gas lead to a steady increase in the amount of heat available, which is neither used by the dryer nor by other facilities can be.
  • the efficiency of the dryer also increases to the extent that the air used for drying is supplied with energy by intermediate heating. Even in terms of an optimal dryer efficiency, large amounts of air available from the oven are therefore not desirable.
  • the gas is mixed with the furnace atmosphere by the injector effect.
  • the burner output is individually adjusted by a throttle valve.
  • the disadvantage here is that the gas is only mixed with the furnace atmosphere in the combustion chamber and a reducing atmosphere is generated there by a strong yellow flame.
  • the burners are switched sequentially individually. Even in this way, however, it cannot be prevented that local Reductions occur which lead to discolouration of the firing material.
  • a complete combustion of the gas is not ensured, especially in the area of the pre-fire and at high burner outputs, since the gas cloud with the furnace atmosphere can reach temperatures below the ignition temperature without sufficient mixing with the oxygen-containing furnace atmosphere. Therefore, conventional burners with the addition of secondary air are provided in the first burner rows of this system.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device of the aforementioned type which enables an oxidizing, flame-free combustion or a homogenization of the atmosphere in the combustion chamber without any addition of secondary air.
  • the mixing of the added fuel gas or the air with the gas present in the combustion chamber should be extremely intensive, in addition an intensive circulation and further mixing should be achieved by the emerging free jet.
  • the construction effort with which this can be accomplished should be kept low, and trouble-free operation should also be guaranteed.
  • this is achieved in a device for the pulsed introduction of a combustible gas or air into a combustion chamber or the like.
  • a mixing nozzle receiving the jet of the medium to be introduced into the combustion chamber is placed thereon which has a continuously tapering cross-section in the direction of flow and which is provided with one or more openings through which gas can be drawn in from the combustion chamber to mix the injected medium with the furnace atmosphere and can be introduced into the combustion chamber as a bundled jet by means of the mixing nozzle.
  • the mixing nozzle in the area in front of the outlet opening with conically shaped and / or convexly curved inner surface areas and to arrange the openings worked into it for sucking in gas from the combustion chamber to the side of the lance in its end region in the wall, the openings should be designed as bores with a circular cross-section and should be provided in a cylindrical part of the mixing nozzle, to which the region of the mixing nozzle which tapers in cross-section adjoins.
  • a throttle can be provided at the end protruding into the mixing nozzle.
  • the mixing nozzle It is also appropriate to equip the mixing nozzle with a jacket which forms a flow channel and is arranged at a distance from the lance and through which the fresh air or another gas can preferably be supplied to the mixing nozzle through its openings.
  • the casing it is advantageous to arrange the casing in a height-adjustable manner and to cover all or part of the lateral openings of the mixing nozzle. In this way, fresh air can be added to the mixing nozzle if necessary, and this can also be partially mixed with the furnace atmosphere.
  • the lance, the mixing nozzle and / or the casing should be made entirely or partially of a heat-resistant material, preferably of silicon carbide.
  • the lance with a mixing chamber can be used to introduce different media into the combustion chamber so that different fuels can be burned by means of the device be equipped, to which supply lines, each with a pulse valve that can be controlled, are to be connected.
  • the firing of a kiln can, for example, be switched from firing with gas to firing with oil in a very short time and without any structural measures being necessary, wherein compressed air can be used as the propellant gas and to atomize the oil.
  • the mixing nozzle designed according to the invention is used for firing a kiln, it is advisable to combine several mixing nozzles into a jointly controlled group, to each of which a control unit is to be assigned, by means of which the solenoid valves of the mixing nozzles can be individually controlled in such a way that with variable, constant opening times opening frequency depending on the temperature in the combustion chamber is adjustable via a controller.
  • the switching of the solenoid valves should always be staggered, and a thermocouple that is connected to the controller should also be arranged in the area of at least one mixing nozzle of a group in the combustion chamber.
  • the device designed according to the invention for the pulsed introduction of a combustible gas or air into a combustion chamber or the like is not only very simple in its structural design and therefore easy to manufacture economically, but also reliable, but above all it becomes an oxidizing flame-free Combustion possible without the addition of secondary air. If a mixing nozzle is placed on the lance, which has a continuously tapering cross-section and openings, then an intensive mixing of the injected medium takes place in the mixing nozzle using the full available gas pressure of approx. 1 - 3 bar with the furnace atmosphere, since gas is drawn in from the combustion chamber through the openings and introduced into the combustion chamber as a bundled jet. As a result of the injector effect, intensive mixing of the medium supplied from the combustion chamber occurs within the mixing nozzle.
  • the emerging bundled jet in turn sucks in the furnace atmosphere according to the injector principle and, in addition to the circulation effect, causes a further admixture of the hot furnace atmosphere.
  • Tests have shown that an oxidizing, often flame-free combustion is achieved at gas pressures of more than 0.8 bar. In this way, the reducing atmosphere during direct injection is avoided and the maximum possible air preheating is achieved without any piping. If a combustible gas but rather air is introduced into a room via the mixing nozzle designed according to the invention, the existing atmosphere can be circulated and homogenized in a simple manner.
  • the device shown in Fig. 1 and designated 1o serves to introduce a medium into the combustion chamber 4 of a tunnel kiln 1 and consists of a lance 11 held by means of a plate 12 in a stoke hole 3 incorporated in the ceiling 2 of the tunnel kiln 1 and a lance 11 on the latter in the end projecting into the combustion chamber 4 mixing nozzle 21.
  • a throttle 13 is attached to the end of the lance 11.
  • the mixing nozzle 21 consists of a cylindrical part 23 and a region 24 which tapers continuously in cross section, the inner surface 25 of which is convexly curved.
  • openings 26 in the embodiment shown this incorporated two mutually opposite bores through which, as shown by the arrows denoted by 32, gas is sucked out of the combustion chamber 4 by the jet 31 emerging from the throttle 13.
  • this mixture emerges as a bundled jet 33 from the outlet opening 22 of the mixing nozzle 21 and is burned flame-free in the combustion chamber 4.
  • the lance 11 is provided with a mixing chamber 14, to which supply lines 15, 17 and 19 are connected.
  • a solenoid valve 16, 18 and 2o is used, so that, for. B. alternately to be able to carry out firing with gas or atomized oil, via line 15 a combustible gas which flows through the mixing chamber 14, or this oil and compressed air via lines 17 and 19, which are mixed in the mixing chamber 14, supplied becomes. If necessary, the lighting can be changed quickly and without any structural measures being necessary.
  • the power control is effected by switching the solenoid valves 16 and 18 and 0 2 whose switching frequency and opening duration of the power of the mixing nozzle are proportional 21st
  • the mixing nozzle 21 can additionally air are fed.
  • the lance 11 is provided with a sheath 27 which is height-adjustable by the path s, so that a flow channel 28 is created.
  • fresh air lower layer
  • gas from the combustion chamber 4 upper layer
  • a mixture of both a mixture of both
  • the air can also be supplied under pressure.
  • the amount of air is partially controlled by the gas flow, since the resistance in the mixing nozzle 21 is greatly reduced during the gas injection and the amount of air is considerably increased.
  • the mixing nozzle is used for firing a tunnel furnace, it is appropriate, as shown schematically in FIG. 3, in each case a plurality of mixing nozzles 21 ', 2111, 21 "', to which the combustible gas is supplied via a common gas supply line 15 'and pulse valves which can be controlled in a pulsed manner 16 ', 16' ', 16 "', inflows, to be grouped together.
  • the opening time of one of the solenoid valves 16 ′, 16 ′′ or 16 ′′ ′′ is set individually by means of a control device 41 according to the required power distribution, while the opening frequency for the mixing nozzles of a group is jointly controlled by a controller 42 as a function of the temperature in the combustion chamber 4 , which is measured via a thermocouple 43, is specified via the control unit 41.
EP84106165A 1983-07-04 1984-05-30 Dispositif pour l'amenée d'un milieu gazeux sous forme d'impulsion dans un four de calcination, etc. Expired EP0134907B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84106165T ATE23220T1 (de) 1983-07-04 1984-05-30 Vorrichtung zur impulsweisen einbringung eines gasfoermigen mediums in einem brennofen oder dgl.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3324050 1983-07-04
DE3324050A DE3324050A1 (de) 1983-07-04 1983-07-04 Vorrichtung zur impulsweisen einbringung eines gasfoermigen mediums in einen brennofen oder dgl.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0134907A1 true EP0134907A1 (fr) 1985-03-27
EP0134907B1 EP0134907B1 (fr) 1986-10-29

Family

ID=6203098

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84106165A Expired EP0134907B1 (fr) 1983-07-04 1984-05-30 Dispositif pour l'amenée d'un milieu gazeux sous forme d'impulsion dans un four de calcination, etc.

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0134907B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE23220T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3324050A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3835360A1 (de) * 1988-10-17 1990-04-19 Keller Spezialtechnik Gmbh Tunnelofen
EP0559144A2 (fr) * 1992-03-04 1993-09-08 BACHER & SCHMIDT GmbH Procédé et appareil pour le chauffage au gaz d'un four à cuisson de l'industrie céramique
EP0698764A3 (fr) * 1994-08-26 1997-08-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brûleur pour le combustion sans flamme d'un mélange gaz combustible-air

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4423221A1 (de) * 1994-07-01 1996-01-04 Lingl Anlagenbau Wärmeübergang im Tunnelofen
DE10036774A1 (de) * 2000-07-28 2002-02-14 Aichelin Gmbh Ofen und Verfahren zur thermischen Reinigung von Abgasen

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1646208A (en) * 1926-07-07 1927-10-18 American Dressler Tunnel Kilns Tunnel kiln
DE1920511A1 (de) * 1968-04-25 1970-01-08 Heurtey Sa Verbrennungsanlage fuer Industrieoefen
DE2130072A1 (de) * 1971-06-18 1972-12-21 Andreas Haessler Impulsumwaelzverfahren fuer Durchlaufoefen

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE90411C (fr) *

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1646208A (en) * 1926-07-07 1927-10-18 American Dressler Tunnel Kilns Tunnel kiln
DE1920511A1 (de) * 1968-04-25 1970-01-08 Heurtey Sa Verbrennungsanlage fuer Industrieoefen
DE2130072A1 (de) * 1971-06-18 1972-12-21 Andreas Haessler Impulsumwaelzverfahren fuer Durchlaufoefen

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3835360A1 (de) * 1988-10-17 1990-04-19 Keller Spezialtechnik Gmbh Tunnelofen
EP0559144A2 (fr) * 1992-03-04 1993-09-08 BACHER & SCHMIDT GmbH Procédé et appareil pour le chauffage au gaz d'un four à cuisson de l'industrie céramique
EP0559144A3 (en) * 1992-03-04 1993-12-22 Bacher & Schmidt Gmbh Method and device for firing by gas a furnace used in the ceramics industry
EP0698764A3 (fr) * 1994-08-26 1997-08-06 Bosch Gmbh Robert Brûleur pour le combustion sans flamme d'un mélange gaz combustible-air

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3324050A1 (de) 1985-01-17
ATE23220T1 (de) 1986-11-15
DE3461118D1 (en) 1986-12-04
EP0134907B1 (fr) 1986-10-29

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