EP0132487B1 - Procédé de régulation d'au moins deux turbo-compresseurs branchés en parallèle - Google Patents

Procédé de régulation d'au moins deux turbo-compresseurs branchés en parallèle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0132487B1
EP0132487B1 EP84100822A EP84100822A EP0132487B1 EP 0132487 B1 EP0132487 B1 EP 0132487B1 EP 84100822 A EP84100822 A EP 84100822A EP 84100822 A EP84100822 A EP 84100822A EP 0132487 B1 EP0132487 B1 EP 0132487B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
pressure
compressors
controller
blow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84100822A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0132487A2 (fr
EP0132487A3 (en
Inventor
Wilfried Dipl.-Ing. Blotenberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Gutehoffnungshutte GmbH
Original Assignee
MAN Gutehoffnungshutte GmbH
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Application filed by MAN Gutehoffnungshutte GmbH filed Critical MAN Gutehoffnungshutte GmbH
Publication of EP0132487A2 publication Critical patent/EP0132487A2/fr
Publication of EP0132487A3 publication Critical patent/EP0132487A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0132487B1 publication Critical patent/EP0132487B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02—Surge control
    • F04D27/0253—Surge control by throttling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02—Surge control
    • F04D27/0269—Surge control by changing flow path between different stages or between a plurality of compressors; load distribution between compressors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating at least two turbocompressors connected in parallel, each of which is provided with a surge limit control to prevent pumping, i. H. that before reaching the surge limit when reaching a blow-off line running parallel to this, opening blow-off or blow-off valves ensures that pumping is avoided, and the turbo-compressors are also controlled jointly by load distribution regulators and individually by a pressure regulator.
  • Each flow controller has the same setpoint (output of the pressure controller) and consequently leads each machine to the operating point at which it is operated with the same throughput as the parallel machine (s).
  • the parallel machine s
  • a typical suitable surge limit control is e.g. B. described in D-A 2 623 899. On the basis of a correspondingly increasing control characteristic curve, it ensures that a blow-off takes place in time so that pumping is reliably prevented.
  • the surge limit control is initially set in a stable manner.
  • the flow control must then react much more slowly to avoid repercussions.
  • the pressure control as a superimposed master control must in turn react much more slowly.
  • the load distribution control has the task of preventing operating states in which one machine is blowing off while other machines or another machine are driving far in the map. A regulation for setting the same flow cannot fully accomplish this task. So z. B. asymmetries in the course of the characteristic curves or the blow-off lines, as described above, are compensated for just as little as the influence of different suction pressures or an asymmetrical flow course in the pipelines.
  • turbocompressors should be able to be operated under the most favorable conditions, taking into account their individual values, and they should be able to be adapted to possible pressure and flow fluctuations as quickly as possible, the entire control system being supposed to be safe, prone to failure and economical. In particular, the entire regulation should be able to be implemented using commercially available components.
  • the load distribution regulators regulate the setting of the compressors with one another in such a way that the operating point is at the same distance from the blow-off line, with only one of the compressors being controlled by its pressure regulator and the rest via the pressure regulator Load distribution control are tracked, in which the pressure regulator is set to automatic by its pressure regulator-controlled compressor, while the pressure regulators of the other compressors are set to manual operation and a control difference between the pressure control and the load distribution control is formed, these control differences are added and there is a comparison, until the sum of the differences is zero. This also ensures that there is also an optimal distance of the working points from the blow-off line in the control phase.
  • each compressor has its own pressure control, which acts directly on the throttle valve.
  • the pressure control can thus be made in the time behavior as quickly as in the known system of the flow controller.
  • the pressure regulators are interlocked in such a way that only a maximum of one pressure regulator can be switched to automatic.
  • the other or the other is or are switched to hand, i. H. passive as long as there is no manual intervention.
  • FC parallel load distribution controller
  • This variable is identical to the control difference x d of the surge limit control (FSC) and is available there as a signal, so it does not need to be determined or measured separately.
  • the determination of such a signal goes z. B. from German patent application P 26 23 899.3, in which a corresponding pressure-flow diagram is shown, which contains a surge line and blow-off line and operating curves of turbo compressors. Otherwise, the terms mentioned are generally known to the person skilled in the art.
  • the control difference of one machine (xd (A)) is different than that of the other machine (xd (B)).
  • the difference between these two quantities is applied as a correction quantity (actual value) to the two load distribution controllers, with a different sign.
  • the setpoint of these controllers is usually set to zero, but it can also assume other values if an asymmetry is desired.
  • the output of the load distribution controller has an additive effect on the output of the pressure controller. If there is a different load on the machines, one load distribution controller continues to open the throttle valve, while the other closes the flap of the parallel machine (s) to the same extent. Assuming linear characteristics of the throttle valves, the overall throughput of the machines and thus the final pressure are not influenced by this control process. In a real system, the pressure regulator only needs to readjust the asymmetries of the throttle valves.
  • the pressure controller first tracks the machine that is set to automatic. The resulting asymmetry in the machine load is detected by the load distribution controller, which then adjusts all machines until the symmetry is reached again.
  • FIG. 3 shows such a tracking circuit. Controllers are used whose output size can be limited to an externally adjustable value. Overdriving is prevented if the output of each controller is limited to a variable that corresponds to the difference between the other manipulated variable and 100%.
  • Another possibility is to always prevent the further increase in the two manipulated variables when the throttle valve has reached its end position.
  • this can be achieved either by appropriate wiring of the controllers, but also according to the circuit diagram corresponding to FIG. 4 by a maximum selection in front of each controller.
  • An amplifier is used in order to maintain sufficient controller dynamics even with manipulated variables close to 100% and to avoid impermissible limitation of the control differences for pressure regulators and load distribution regulators.
  • a fundamentally different route can be followed if the load distribution controller is designed as a three-point step controller in accordance with the circuit diagram in accordance with FIG. 5. If the correction value exceeds the switching threshold set in the step controller, the downstream integrator is moved in the respective direction until the threshold is undershot again.
  • the correction variable is added as an additional value to the control differential of the pressure regulator.
  • the output of the pressure regulator is also connected to the tracking input of the integrator, the output of the integrator to the tracking input of the controller.
  • the correction variable acts on the throttle valve through this regulator.
  • the pressure regulator moves its output signal until both the control difference and the correction variable are zero.
  • the integrator is switched to tracking at the same time. The step controller is thus ineffective, the integrator follows the pressure controller output without delay.
  • the pressure regulator If the pressure regulator is switched off, its output is tracked to the integrator output.
  • the integrator is adjusted by the step controller, which thus has a direct influence on the throttle valve position.
  • Switching is bumpless, since only one controller or integrator is engaged and the non-leading component is tracked to the output of the other. This also prevents overdriving.
  • the pressure regulator is to be switched to automatic, but the load distribution regulator to be manual, the correction quantity must be made zero by a control intervention.
  • the time behavior of the load distribution controller can be set either by a clock generator in the output of the step generator or by an adjustable time constant of the integrator.
  • step controller instead of the step controller, two limit levels can also be used.
  • An asymmetry can be achieved by adding a fixed value to the correction variable.
  • inventive method described above can also be used when more than two machines are installed. If only two of a number of machines are in operation, all that has to be done by means of a selection logic is to ensure that the correction variable is switched to the respective controller as the difference between the control differences of the two running machines.
  • Figure 6 shows a diagram for switching over with three existing machines.
  • the correction values for each possible machine combination are formed (xd (A) - xd (B); xd (B) - xd (C); xd (A) - xd (C)).
  • the selection logic must make the correction values of all impermissible combinations zero (switches A&A, B&C and A&C).
  • the correction quantity of the selected machine combination is applied in parallel to the two associated pressure regulators. Locking the pressure regulator must ensure that only one pressure regulator can be switched to automatic mode at a time.
  • the impermissible combinations are locked by logic stages in the inputs of the load distribution controller.
  • each step controller is fed in parallel to the integrators of the two machines, whose control differences occur in the correction variable.
  • the number of control commands in the direction of rising control commands is also as large as that in the direction of decreasing for the step controller outputs.
  • an average value is formed, which causes exactly the desired control behavior.
  • FIG. 7 shows a circuit diagram for the operation of three machines, the selection circuit and the other machines which are out of operation not being shown.
  • PC Pressure regulator
  • Pressure regulator B receives and pressure regulator C
  • Integrator A receives a + command, integrator B a + and a - command and integrator C a - command.
  • this method can also be used on more than three machines.
  • the method can also be used if multi-stage machines with intermediate infeed are connected in parallel and a load distribution is required for each infeed (stage).
  • FIGS. 8-10 A much simpler circuit than that shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 is shown in FIGS. 8-10.
  • a control difference "pressure control”, i. H. Pressure setpoint minus actual pressure value and a control difference load distribution control (balance control) are formed.
  • the control difference "load distribution control” contains, analogous to the description, all correction values that are required for the task-related adjustment of the throttle valve. If pressure and load distribution control are switched on, the two control differences add up and the controller is adjusted until the sum of all differences is zero. If a controller is to be switched off, the corresponding input variable is switched to zero by a changeover contact. During such a switchover process, the controller is briefly switched to manual.
  • a manual intervention takes place through the manual adjustment input on the pressure regulator.
  • a lock must ensure that the balance controllers of all machines operated in parallel must always be switched on together, otherwise operating cases are conceivable in which the control difference of the pressure controller has the same amount but the opposite sign of the control difference of the balance controller. If only one controller is in operation, this can lead to a simulated quasi-calibration. If the parallel load distribution regulator is also engaged, the pressure regulator of which must be switched off, this compensates and frees it from the quasi-adjustment.
  • control according to the invention enables the operation of two or even a larger number of turbo compressors in an improved manner and in particular more safely, without the control expenditure being considerable.

Claims (3)

1. Procédé pour exploiter au moins deux turbocompresseurs branchés en parallèle et qui, pour empêcher le pompage, sont chacun munis d'une régulation limite de pompage, c'est-à-dire que dans le cas de ces compresseurs, avant d'atteindre la limite de pompage, et alors qu'est atteinte une ligne d'évacuation parallèle à celle-ci, l'ouverture de soupapes d'évacuation ou d'inversion donne la certitude d'éviter un pompage, ces turbo-compresseurs étant, en outre, commandés en commun par des régulateurs de répartition de la charge et chacun individuellement par un régulateur de pression, procédé caractérisé en ce que les régulateurs de répartition de la charge règlent l'ajustement des compresseurs entre eux de façon que pour chacun d'eux, il y ait les mêmes intervalles du point de fonctionnement par rapport à la ligne d'évacuation, seul un des régulateurs étant lors commandé par son régulateur de pression, tandis que les autres sont asservis par l'intermédiaire de la régulation de répartition de la charge, le régulateur de pression étant positionné sur "fonctionnement automatique" dans le cas du compresseur commandé par son régulateur de pression, tandis que les régulateurs de pression des autres compresseurs sont positionnés sur "fonctionnement manuel", et il est respectivement déterminé une différence de réglage de la régulation de répartition de la charge, ces différences étant totalisées et un réglage s'effectuant jusqu'à ce que la somme de ces différences soit nulle.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1 pour des compresseurs comportant plusieurs étages de pression, procédé caractérisé en ce qu'il s'applique à chaque étage de pression.
3. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 ou 2, pour compresseur à double flux, procédé caractérisé en ce qu'il s'applique à chaque flux partiel.
EP84100822A 1983-08-01 1984-01-26 Procédé de régulation d'au moins deux turbo-compresseurs branchés en parallèle Expired EP0132487B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US519097 1983-08-01
US06/519,097 US4560319A (en) 1983-08-01 1983-08-01 Method and apparatus for controlling at least two parallel-connected turbocompressors

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0132487A2 EP0132487A2 (fr) 1985-02-13
EP0132487A3 EP0132487A3 (en) 1986-04-09
EP0132487B1 true EP0132487B1 (fr) 1988-11-09

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EP84100822A Expired EP0132487B1 (fr) 1983-08-01 1984-01-26 Procédé de régulation d'au moins deux turbo-compresseurs branchés en parallèle

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US (1) US4560319A (fr)
EP (1) EP0132487B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6045795A (fr)
DE (1) DE3475094D1 (fr)

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DE102017211061A1 (de) * 2017-06-29 2019-01-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Synchronisierungsverfahren zum Synchronisieren einer Mehrzahl von Aktoren sowie Vorrichtungen zu dessen Durchführung

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DE3540087A1 (de) * 1985-11-12 1987-05-14 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Verfahren zum regeln von turbokompressoren
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DE3620614A1 (de) * 1986-06-20 1987-12-23 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Verfahren zum filtern eines verrauschten signals
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RU2753097C1 (ru) * 2020-08-25 2021-08-11 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Газпром трансгаз Ухта" Способ заполнения контура агрегата воздушного охлаждения газа

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DE102017211061A1 (de) * 2017-06-29 2019-01-03 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Synchronisierungsverfahren zum Synchronisieren einer Mehrzahl von Aktoren sowie Vorrichtungen zu dessen Durchführung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS6045795A (ja) 1985-03-12
EP0132487A2 (fr) 1985-02-13
DE3475094D1 (en) 1988-12-15
US4560319A (en) 1985-12-24
EP0132487A3 (en) 1986-04-09

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