EP0129457B1 - Beidseitige Munitionszuführung für automatische Feuerwaffen - Google Patents

Beidseitige Munitionszuführung für automatische Feuerwaffen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0129457B1
EP0129457B1 EP19840401070 EP84401070A EP0129457B1 EP 0129457 B1 EP0129457 B1 EP 0129457B1 EP 19840401070 EP19840401070 EP 19840401070 EP 84401070 A EP84401070 A EP 84401070A EP 0129457 B1 EP0129457 B1 EP 0129457B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
feed
casing
ammunition
sprocket
dual
Prior art date
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Expired
Application number
EP19840401070
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0129457A1 (de
Inventor
Joel Marcon
Jacques Durant
Georges Simon
Alain Boisseau
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Direction General pour lArmement DGA
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Direction General pour lArmement DGA
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Publication of EP0129457A1 publication Critical patent/EP0129457A1/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/37—Feeding two or more kinds of ammunition to the same gun; Feeding from two sides

Definitions

  • the technical sector of the present invention is that of automatic firearms and more precisely of weapons which can use at the request of the operator two different types of ammunition, for example perforating ammunition and explosive ammunition.
  • This device has good precision in routing the ammunition but has the disadvantage of increasing the length of the weapon.
  • the patent FR 1537614 discloses a weapon comprising two tilting feeding devices so that one is engaged when the other is out of reach of the axis of movement of the breech.
  • the disadvantage of this device is to have a drive of the magazine strip having jolts of operation, which involves the risks of rupture or of unhooking of link, implying the interruption of the shooting.
  • the present invention aims to produce a device of the same kind as that of the last cited patent enabling the first ammunition to be fired from the selected magazine strip.
  • Patent FR 2485714 describes an alternating feed device for an automatic weapon using the pressure of the propellant gases of the ammunition to actuate the feed star lines; the drive mode exhibits operational jolts; in addition, the device described in this patent does not allow instantaneous passage from one type of ammunition to the other type, since the device provides for passage through an intermediate position in which no star line is likely to be driven (safety locking position).
  • the patent FR 2282616 describes a feed device for an automatic repeating weapon and more particularly for a weapon with mechanism controlled by the recoil.
  • This feeding device is constituted by two lines of stars parallel to each other and parallel to the axis of the weapon (each line bringing a type of ammunition), and by two sets of movable forked arms which come to take the ammunition in the chosen star line and bring it to the front of the movable cylinder head.
  • the movement of the movable arms is controlled by the rod-crank assemblies.
  • This mechanism also has operating shocks and jolts.
  • the invention overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a mechanism ensuring a regular feeding movement.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a compact device that is easy to use, making it possible to introduce, at the start of use, the magazine strips without any disassembly, which is not the case with the weapon described. in the aforementioned patent FR 1537614.
  • the invention also proposes a kinematics of the weapon adapted to the automatic use of a double supply without any other manual intervention than that of the choice of the type of ammunition to be used.
  • the invention also aims to present a supply device usable at high rates of fire and which can be adapted to a large number of types of weapons.
  • the subject of the invention is therefore a dual supply device for a weapon with an external motor supply and with a rectilinear displacement of the breech, a device comprising on the one hand a device for placing ammunition in position comprising a central star line of station, and, on the other hand, two power boxes loaded with different ammunition, arranged on either side of the central star line of station linked together by the same support, these two boxes being capable to be tilted around axes parallel to the longitudinal axis, and each having coupling and uncoupling means with respect to the stationing device, device characterized in that the power supply boxes each comprising a star line feed, their coupling and uncoupling means relative to the post-setting device are constituted by means of dog clutching of each of the feed star lines on a transmission reducer movement, the clutching of one of the feed star lines being simultaneous with the clutching of the other during the tilting of a housing, the dual feed device also having means for reversing the direction of rotation of the central star line of station when tilting each of the boxes.
  • the output shaft of the motor also ensures the power take-off of a reduction device for transmission of movement located in a reduction box arranged at the rear of the weapon and leading two control shafts of the power supply boxes and a third control shaft of the central star line for placing the ammunition.
  • the invention advantageously provides that the transmission driving the two control shafts of the power supply units is a continuous transmission with reduction, the control shaft of the first power supply unit rotating in the opposite direction to that of the second power supply unit.
  • power supply and that, in combination, the movement transmission to the third control shaft of the central star is a stepping transmission, said control shaft of the central star rotating in opposite direction to the control shaft of the housing supply coupled with the setting device.
  • the device according to the invention advantageously also comprises a device for controlling the tilting of the power supply boxes around their axis of rotation, the tilting control of which actuates a clutch system of the control shaft of the box coming to be coupled with the positioning device by means of a universal joint on the axis of rotation of the feed stars of said housing, and which simultaneously actuates a declutching system of the control shaft of the second housing and a change system of the direction of rotation of the central star for stationing, so that the direction of rotation of the central star is always opposite to that of the line of supply stars coupled to the stationing device.
  • the device for controlling the tilting of the boxes includes a control lever cooperating with a means for locking the supply boxes in each tilted position, the control lever then being itself locked on the reduction gearbox. tear.
  • the lever for controlling the tilting of the housings is integral with a toothed sector movable around an axis and cooperating with a rack carried by the support common to the two supply housings.
  • the step-by-step transmission of the movement of the central star line may be carried out by means of a cam system called the “Fergusson system”, or in another preferred variant, it will be constituted by a cooperating rotating crankpin with a Maltese cross.
  • the axis of rotation of the line of supply stars of each housing carries a shoulder comprising indexing grooves and each housing carries an movable indexing lever against the force of a spring.
  • the first end of the lever cooperates with a groove in the shoulder of the axis of the star line, the second end of the lever being free to make the line integral in rotation of stars supplying said casing, and when the casing is engaged on the positioning device, the second end of the indexing lever comes to bear on a fixed beam of the breech box of the weapon, the first end of the lever then being released from the groove of the axis of the star line to allow its rotation.
  • the axis of each line of feed stars has as many grooves regularly distributed around its periphery as the stars have branches.
  • the shape of the indexing lever and the dimension of the clutch system of the control shaft of the housing are defined to allow indexing of the axis of feed stars relative to to the housing before the clutch shaft of the housing is declutched when the latter switches to the released position and the de-indexing of the star axis relative to the housing after the clutch control shaft is clutched when the latter rocks in the engaged position on the post-setting device, the indexing of the star axis intervening when the weapon is in the "breech stopped on the trigger" position.
  • the central star line comprises n branches defining n chambers, n being at least equal to 3, each chamber being able to receive an ammunition brought by the star supplying the housing in taken and coming successively by rotation of 2 ⁇ / n turns, from a position where the ammunition is on standby, to a position for positioning and then to a position for ejecting the cartridge case from the ammunition.
  • the central star line changes direction of rotation, the ejection position then becoming the waiting position of the ammunition brought by the second box then in engagement and the waiting position becoming an ejection position.
  • each supply unit has a mu guide curved nition comprising a front fork and a rear fork, the guide bringing the ammunition towards the star line of supply of the case, and of the line of star of supply towards the central star line in the position of waiting, and the free part of the front fork of the ammunition guide has a bent spout enveloping the ammunition when it is in the waiting position in the central star, beak capable of removing the ammunition from the waiting station when tilting release of the power supply unit with respect to the cylinder head box, the ammunition also being supported when it is removed from a floor guide secured to the cylinder head box.
  • each feed box has a channel for supplying the strip of ammunition swathed from the bottom of the box and a link ejection orifice disposed at the top of the box.
  • the housing has a link guide arranged over the entire length of the ammunition supply and link ejection channel, the link guide comprising a double groove cooperating with a double tongue of each link to allow the stripping of the ammunition during the taking the latter into account by the line of stars supplying the housing.
  • the device includes an ejection guide which is free to rotate relative to the axis of the line d central and symmetrical star with respect to the longitudinal axis of the weapon, controlled in rotation by the tilting of the feed boxes, the guide being positioned in each of its operating positions by means of a stop relative to a fixed beam secured to the cylinder head box and the ejection guide has circular bearing surfaces for longitudinal guide of the sleeve during its ejection.
  • the reduction ratio between the power take-off of the rear box, provided by the drum control of the moving assembly and the axis of the central star line is equal to n, the reduction ratio between said power take-off and the control shaft of each line of feed stars being equal to n that multiple doesn’t.
  • Such weapons include in known manner a tube whose axis is fixed relative to a breech box, a cartridge chamber which is limited at the rear of the tube by a breech; a rotary drum whose lateral surface carries a heliocoidal control ramp of closed contour, a follower member which cooperates with this ramp and which is integral with one of the two parts constituted by the tube or the cylinder head, which part is guided in translation by the cylinder head box parallel to the above axis; and an external motor capable of rotating the drum in a constant direction around an axis parallel to that of the tube, the ramp comprising two segments inclined in opposite directions which respectively ensure the advance and the retraction of the moving part in translation and which are joined together, on one side by a non-inclined part ensuring the immobilization of this moving part during the period of time corresponding to the duration of the shot and the gas emptying and, on the other side, by a part
  • the mode of changing the feed direction consists in reversing the rotation of the engine.
  • the device provided allows the change of power without changing the direction of rotation of the external motor or, therefore, of the drum.
  • the motor rotates the drum so that the follower member travels once the closed contour of the ramp and closes and thus opens the cartridge chamber.
  • the dual supply device comprises two supply boxes 1 (left box) and 2 (right box) placed on either side of a post-setting device which itself comprises a line d 'central star 7 for ammunition post.
  • the central star assembly 7 of the stationing device (FIG. 11) is carried by an axis 6 or central star line which can be rotated sequentially in one direction or the other, depending on the type of supply chosen, by means of a control shaft 12 driven by a reduction power take-off 9 disposed in a housing 10 located at the rear of the weapon and which will be described later.
  • the feed boxes 1 and 2 are arranged at the level of the breech box 41 of the weapon and comprise a body 54 having two arms 55 allowing the hinges to be articulated on the breech box by means of axes of rotation 4 and 4 'parallel to the longitudinal axis of the weapon ( Figure 11 and 12).
  • the arms 55 can be bent and articulated on a single axis secured to the cylinder head box and disposed under the control drum 53.
  • the two control boxes 1 and 2 are interconnected at their part opposite axes 4 and 4 'by a common connection support which can be formed by one or more rods 3 so that the engagement tilting (respectively release) of one of the housings simultaneously involves the release tilting (respectively engaging) of the opposite power supply unit (FIGS. 3, 4 and 11).
  • the tilting control of the housings 1 and 2 is provided by a control device 16 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) which comprises an actual control lever 17 articulated around an axis 17 'and secured to a cooperating toothed sector 19 with a rack 20 itself secured to the connecting support 3 of the two housings.
  • the lever 17 cooperates with two locking means 18 (bosses, locking pins or any other means) arranged on the rear housing 10 so that the housings are securely locked in each of their respective operating positions.
  • the shaft 12 carries a fork 27 rotatably mounted to cooperate with a cam or an inclined ramp 28 integral with the connection support 3.
  • This ramp 28 is inclined transversely to the longitudinal axis of the weapon by an angle included between 20 ° and 45 °, the two ends of the ramp being perpendicular to the axis of the weapon.
  • the ramp 28 moves transversely to the axis of the weapon causing the longitudinal displacement of the fork 27.
  • This thus controls the displacement longitudinal of a shaft 12 to which it is linked, the shaft 12 being a means of controlling the system for changing the direction of rotation of the axis of the central star line so that the central star line rotates always in the opposite direction to the line of power stars in engagement with the post-setting device, regardless of the power supply unit in operation.
  • the shaft 12 is provided at its free end with dogs 26 ( Figures 6 and 8) allowing it to be linked or not depending on the longitudinal position of the fork 27 to a reverse gear 25 of the transmission not with no rotation of the central star line, pinion disposed in the rear housing 10 which will be described later.
  • Boxes 1 (left box) and 2 (right box) each have a supply line (resp. 5 and 5 ') composed of a rotation axis (15 and 15') each carrying two supply stars (stars 8 of the left housing and 8 'of the right housing), the axes 15 and 15' being mounted free in rotation in bores 56 of the body by means of bearings bearings combined with needles.
  • the supply lines 5 and 5 ′ are driven in rotation by control shafts 11 and 11 ′ themselves driven continuously by the reduction power take-off 9 of the rear housing 10, (FIGS. 1, 2 and 14) .
  • the shafts 11 and 11 'each have two cardan joints 14, 14', to allow the continuity of the transmission of movement during the beginning of the tilting of the housings when the axis of the star line supplying the housing in progress uncoupling begins to misalign the axis of the rear gear output pinion as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • the shafts 11 and 11 ' are each separated into two half-shafts comprising one of the lugs (131 or 131'), the other of the notches 132 (132 '), the two half-shafts being held in the same axis by a centering pin 57 of the first half-shaft cooperating with a bore 58 of the second half-shaft, ( Figure 9).
  • the axes of rotation 15 and 15 ′ of the supply star lines have on the outside of the housing flange (or the interior in a variant not shown) a shoulder 31 comprising grooves 32 which are capable of cooperate during the tilting of the boxes with levers 33 carried by each box to allow the locking (or indexing) in rotation of the supply line which is being released and the unlocking (or de-indexing) of the box being engaged , ( Figures 3 and 4).
  • Each lever 33 maneuvered against a spring 34 has a first bent end 33a which cooperates with a groove 32 in the shoulder 31 and a second end 33b which bears on the beam 35 of the cylinder head box when the case in question is engaged with the setting device and thereby frees the rotation of the axis of the line of stars concerned, while for the second case which is released, the lever 33 prevents rotation of the line of stars.
  • FIG. 3 the left gearbox engaged has its line of stars free in rotation while that of the right gearbox, not in engagement, is locked by the right lever 33,
  • FIG. 4 showing a reverse view, right gearbox engaged with its revolving right feed star line and cleared left case with its indexed feed line.
  • the dimensions of the dog clutch of the dog clutch means 13, 13 'and the shape of the levers 33 are provided. in such a way that during the tilting of the boxes 1 and 2, the indexing of the star line on its box being released (for example 5, FIG. 4) is carried out before the clutch shaft 11 is declutched and that the simultaneous clutching of the control shaft 11 ′ of the housing 2 is carried out before its de-indexing with respect to the housing.
  • the shafts 11 and 11 ′ have rotations in opposite directions and are driven continuously, which makes it possible to obtain a drive of the strip loader without jerks and therefore without risk of breakage or untimely detachment links.
  • the central star line is driven from the toothed wheel 22 carried by the shaft 59 which is integral with an eccentric pin 29 (shown in FIG. 5 and of which only the axis is shown at Figure 6) carried by a rotating support 67.
  • the crank pin 29 cooperates with a Maltese cross 30 secured to a shaft 68 mounted by means of a combined bearing-bearing 69 on the rear flange of the body and a bearing 69 ' on a cylindrical bearing surface of the end of the shaft 12.
  • the Maltese cross 30 has 4 branches as well as the central star for postage while the feed stars of the boxes have 3 branches such that the control shaft 12 and thus the central star 7 rotating sequentially Y 4 turn while stars rotate continuously supply of the third tower.
  • the system for changing the direction of rotation comprises for this purpose the double reversing pinion 25 which is driven by the toothed wheel 23, and which meshes with a pinion 70.
  • the dogs 26 of the shaft 12 are in direct engagement with corresponding notches of the pinion 23 and we are in the case of Figure 1 where the left housing is engaged with the ammunition delivery device.
  • the pinion 23 integral with the Maltese cross 30 drives the wheel 25 which meshes with the pinion 70, itself driving the pinion 24.
  • the latter not being engaged on the dogs 26, turns mad on axis 12.
  • each supply unit includes an ammunition guide 36 composed of a front fork 37 and a rear fork 38 on which the ammunition is supported while it is being taken over by the star line 5 (or 5 ').
  • the front fork 37 has at its free end a bent spout 39 which, when the housing is engaged, serves as additional support for the munition, and when the housing tips during disengagement, is capable of driving the munition into position waiting outside the central star line, in a position where the ammunition thus removed can no longer interfere with the operation of the central star line whose direction of rotation has been simultaneously reversed by means of the reversing train 25 , 70.
  • the device further comprises an ejection guide 49 mounted to rotate freely relative to the central star line 6 and symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the weapon.
  • the guide 49 is moved in rotation by the tilting of the housings 1 and 2, the guide 49 then being positioned in each of its operating positions by means of two stops 50 relative to the beam 35 of the cylinder head box.
  • the ejection guide has circular bearing surfaces 51 for longitudinal guide of the sleeve (pushed by the pusher 90 of the follower member 52) during its longitudinal ejection movement towards the front.
  • the feed star 8 ' rotates driven by the shaft 11' and the stationing star 7 has rotated in the opposite direction to that of the star 8 '.
  • the star 8, for its part, is fixed in rotation, locked by the lever 33 (see FIG. 4).
  • a charger strip is engaged from the bottom of the housing in a supply channel 42 formed over the entire height of the supply housing.
  • Ammunition 71 is at the firing station and will be engaged forward in the breech (where it will be fired) by the longitudinal movement of the follower member 52 driven by the control drum 53.
  • the follower member 52a goes back and forth and is in the rear position.
  • the central star performs a quarter-turn rotation bringing the fired ammunition 71 into the ejection position and the ammunition 72 at the firing station, 1> Mnition 73 preparing to to put at the waiting station.
  • the central wheel 7 is stopped, the casing 71 is ejected towards the front of the weapon by an ejection pusher 90 secured to the follower member and the ammunition 72 is drawn.
  • FIG. 11c shows the device when the tilting of the boxes has just been carried out.
  • the follower member 52 is in the rear position, cylinder head stopped on the trigger.
  • Ammunition 73 which should have been at the standby station was put out of reach of the stationing star by the spout 39 of the front fork of the ammunition guide of the right case during its release. During the removal of the munition 73, the latter was guided in abutment on the floor guide 40 of the breech box.
  • the supply line 8 ′ has been indexed relative to the housing 2 by its lever 33 just before being clutched from its control shaft 11 ′ by the dogs 13 ′ and its operation is thus stopped.
  • the dogs 13 of the control shaft 11 of the housing 1 are engaged and the shaft 11 has been de-indexed from the housing 1, its lever 33 (fig. 3) coming to bear on the beam 35 .
  • the tilting of the housing towards the cylinder head box has caused the ejection guide 49 to rotate to the right until it comes into abutment on the beam 35 by means of the abutment 50.
  • the star 8 and the central star 7 therefore now rotate in opposite directions and the first ammunition 81 of the left housing is put in the standby position.
  • Ammunition 72 which has just been fired, instead of being ejected from the left side of the weapon, will be driven to the right, the old position for waiting for the right case then becoming the ejection station of the socket 72 guided by the ejection guide 49 (FIG. 11d).
  • FIG. 11e shows the continuation of the operating sequence of the left supply box 1, after ejection of the socket 81 from the right, when the ammunition 82 is at the firing station and the following ammunition 83 at the waiting station.
  • the mobile assembly 52 will make a new reciprocating movement then return either to hang on the trigger, or to continue another cycle according to the chosen firing mode.
  • the device as described therefore makes it possible to obtain an excellent regularity of shooting at high rate with a device of double feed symmetrically operating and allows a very rapid change of the feed mode when the cylinder head is stopped on the trigger since all the movements necessary for the change of feed (tilting of the housings, reversal of direction of rotation of the central star line, indexing and declutching of the disengaged supply line, de-indexing and clutching of the engaged supply line) are carried out simultaneously by a single action of the operator on the tilting lever 17.
  • the tilting operation of the lever 17 can even be mechanized, the lever 17 can then be replaced by any motor with electric control acting on the toothed sector 19, the locking of the device in its operating position then being ensured by the stop position of said control motor.

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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Claims (18)

1. Doppelladevorrichtung für Feuerwaffe mit Aussenmotorlader und geradliniger Verschlussbewegung, wobei die Vorrichtung einerseits eine Vorrichtung zum Einziehen der Munition mit einer Achse (6) eines Zentralsternförderers (7) für das Einziehen und andererseits zwei mit unterschiedlicher Munition bestückte Ladegehäuse (1, 2) umfasst, die beiderseits der Zentralsternförderachse für das Einziehen angeordnet und untereinander durch einen selben Träger (3) verbunden sind, wobei diese beiden Gehäuse um zur Längsachse parallele Achsen (4, 4') schwenkbar sind und jeweils Organe zum Ein- und Auskuppeln mit der Einziehvorrichtung aufweisen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ladegehäuse jeweils eine Achse (5, 5') für Ladesternförderer (8, 8') umfassen, ihre Organe zum Ein- und Auskuppeln mit der Einziehvorrichtung von formschlüssigen Kupplungsorganen (13, 13') jeder Ladesternförderachse auf einem Reduziergetriebe zur Bewegungsübertragung (9) gebildet sind, wobei die formschlüssige Kupplung der einen Ladesternförderachse gleichzeitig mit der Auskupplung der anderen beim Verschwenken eines Gehäuses erfolgt und die Doppelladevorrichtung ferner Organe (21 bis 25) zur Drehrichtungsumkehr der Zentralsternförderachse zum Einziehen beim Verschwenken jedes Gehäuses besitzt.
2. Doppelladevorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 für eine Feuerwaffe mit Aussenmotor zur Auslösung der geradlinigen Hin- und Herbewegung des Verschlusses, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Aussenmotor den Abgriff der Bewegung des Reduziergetriebes zur Bewegungsübertragung (9) gewährleistet, das in einem Reduziergetriebekasten (10) angeordnet ist, der sich am Hinterteil der Waffe befindet und zwei Steuerwellen (11,11') der Ladegehäuse sowie eine dritte Steuerwelle (12) der Zentralsternförderachse für das Einziehen der Munition antreibt.
3. Doppelladevorrichtung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es sich bei der die beiden Steuerwellen (11, 11') der Ladegehäuse antreibenden Übertragung um ein kontinuierliches Untersetzungsgetriebe handelt, wobei die Steuerwelle (11) des ersten Ladegehäuses sich in entgegengesetzter Richtung dreht wie die Steuerwelle (11') des zweiten Ladegehäuses, und dass, in Verbindung damit, die Bewegungsübertragung der dritten Steuerwelle (12) des Zentralsternförderers als Schrittschaltgetriebe ausgeführt ist, wobei die Steuerwelle des Zentralsternförderers im Verhältnis zur Steuerwelle des mit der Einziehvorrichtung gekoppelten Ladegehäuses in entgegengesetzter Richtung läuft.
4. Doppelladevorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine Steuervorrichtung (16) zur Verschwenkung der Ladegehäuse um ihre Drehachse aufweist, wobei die Verschwenkungssteuerung das Einkuppelsystem (jeweils 13 oder 13') der Steuerwelle des Gehäuses betätigt, das gerade mittels eines Kardangelenkes (14 oder 14') auf der Drehachse (15 oder 15') der Ladesterne des genannten Gehäuses mit der Einziehvorrichtung gekoppelt ist, und gleichzeitig auf das Auskuppelsystem (jeweils 13 oder 13') der Steuerwelle des zweiten Gehäuses sowie auf ein System zur Drehrichtungsumkehr des Zentralsternförderers für das Einziehen derart einwirkt, dass die Drehrichtung des Zentralsternförderers stets derjenigen der mit der Einziehvorrichtung gekoppelten Ladesternförderachse entgegengerichtet ist.
5. Doppelladevorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung zur Steuerung der Verschwenkung der Gehäuse einen Steuerhebel (17) umfasst, der mit einem Verriegelungsorgan (18) der Ladegehäuse in jeder Schwenkstellung zusammenwirkt, wobei der Steuerhebel alsdann auf dem Untersetzungsgetriebekasten 10 verriegelt ist.
6. Doppelladevorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Steuerhebel (17) zur Verschwenkung der Gehäuse fest mit einem Zahnsegment (19) verbunden ist, das um eine Achse beweglich ist und mit einer Zahnstange (20) zusammenwirkt, die von der den beiden Ladegehäusen gemeinsamen Stütze (3) getragen wird.
7. Doppelladevorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das System zur Drehrichtungsumkehr der Zentralsternförderachse bei der Verschwenkung der Gehäuse die nachstehenden Organe umfasst:
- ein Mehrfachübersetzungsgetriebe (21, 22, 23, 24) ohne Umkehr der Schrittschaltung des Zentralsternförderers;
- ein Umkehrritzel (25), das mit dem Mehrfachübersetzungsgetriebe (21 bis 24) in Reihe geschaltet werden kann, wenn es formschlüssig mit einer Steuerwelle (12) gekuppelt ist, und
- eine an ihrem EndeformschtüssigeKupptungsklauen (26) aufweisende Welle (12), die in Längsrichtung der Waffe verschiebbar ist, wobei die Welle von einer Gabel (27) gesteuert wird, die kraftschlüssig mit einer Rampe (28) im Eingriff steht, welche im Verhältnis zur Längsachse der Waffe geneigt und fest mit der gemeinsamen Stütze (3) der beiden Gehäuse verbunden ist, wobei die Verschwenkung der Gehäuse die Verschiebung der Rampe senkrecht zur Waffenachse und infolgedessen die Längsverschiebung der Welle (12) aus einer ersten Stellung, in der sie aus dem Umkehrritzel (25) ausgekuppelt ist, in eine zweite Stellung bewirkt, in der sie zur Umkehr der Drehrichtung der Zentralsternförderachse (6) formschlüssig mit dem Umkehrritzel verbunden ist.
8. Doppelladevorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schrittschaltung der Bewegung des Zentralsternförderers von einem Drehzapfen (29) gebildet wird, der mit einem Malteserkreuz (30) zusammenwirkt.
9. Doppelladevorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 4 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Drehachse (15 oder 15') des Ladesternförderers jedes Gehäuses eine Schulter (31) mit Verriegelungsrillen (32) aufweist, dass jedes Gehäuse einen gegen die Kraft einer Feder (34) beweglichen Schalthebel (33) trägt, dass, wenn das Gehäuse von der Einziehvorrichtung freigegeben ist, das erste Ende (33a) des Hebels mit einer Rille (32) der Schulter (31) der Achse des Sternförderers zusammenwirkt, während das zweite Ende (33b) frei ist, um den Ladesternförderer fest mit dem genannten Gehäuse zu verbinden, und dass bei auf der Einziehvorrichtung eingerücktem Gehäuse das zweite Ende (33b) des Schalthebels (33) sich auf einem feststehenden Träger (35) des Verschlusskastens der Waffe abstützt, während das erste Ende (33a) des Hebels aus der Rille der Achse des Sternförderers ausgetreten ist, um seine Drehung zu ermöglichen.
10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Achse (15, 15') jedes Ladesternförderers ebenso viele gleichmässig über ihren Umfang verteilte Rillen (32) umfasst wie die Sternräder (8, 8') Zacken aufweisen.
11. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Form des Schalthebels (33) und die Abmessung des Verriegelungsorgans (13, 13') der Steuerwelle des Gehäuses derart definiert sind, dass sie die Verriegelung der Sternradachse (15, 15') im Verhältnis zum Gehäuse (1 oder 2) vor dem Auskuppeln der Steuerwelle des Gehäuses ermöglichen, wenn dieses in eine ausgerückte Stellung kippt, und die Entriegelung der Sternradachse (15 oder 15') im Verhältnis zum Gehäuse (1 oder 2) nach dem kraftschlüssigen Einrücken der Steuerwelle des Gehäuses gestatten, wenn dieses in die Einrückstellung auf der Einziehvorrichtung kippt, wobei die Verriegelung der Sternradachse erfolgt, sobald die Waffe sich in der Stellung «Verschluss geschlossen, Waffe geladen» befindet.
12. Doppelladevorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 2 bis 11, deren Zentralsternförderer (7) für das Einziehen n Zacken besitzt und bei der jeder Ladestern (8, 8') n' Zacken aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Untersetzungsverhältnis zwischen dem Bewegungsabgriff des hinteren Kastens (9), der von der Steuerwalze der beweglichen Einheit geliefert wird, und der Steuerwelle (12) des Zentralförderers gleich n ist, während das Untersetzungsverhältnis zwischen dem genannten Bewegungsabgriff und der Steuerwelle (11 oder 11') jedes Ladesternförderers gleich n multipliziert mit n' ist.
13. Doppelladevorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 12, deren Zentralsternförderer (7) n Zacken aufweist, die n Kammern definieren, wobei n wenigstens gleich 3 ist und jede Kammer eine durch den Ladestern (8 und 8') des im Eingriff stehenden Gehäuses zugeführte Munition aufnehmen kann und nacheinander durch Drehung um 2 n/n aus einer Wartestellung der Munition in eine Einziehstellung und anschliessend in eine Stellung zum Auswerfen der Munitionshülse gebracht wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beim Verschwenken der Ladegehäuse der Zentralsternförderer seine Drehrichtung ändert, die Auswurfstellung zur Wartestellung für die durch das alsdann im Eingriff stehende Gehäuse zugeführte Munition wird und aus der Wartestellung eine Auswurfstellung wird.
14. Doppelladevorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 13, bei der jedes Ladegehäuse (1 oder 2) eine gekrümmte Munitionsführung (36) aufweist, die eine vordere Gabel (37) und eine hintere Gabel (38) umfasst, wobei die Führung die Munition zum Ladesternförderer (8 oder 8') des Gehäuses und vom Ladesternförderer zum Zentralsternförderer (6) in die Wartestellung leitet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der freie Teil der vorderen Gabel der Munitionsführung eine abgewinkelte Nase (39) aufweist, welche die Munition in ihrer Wartestellung in dem Zentralsternförderrad umgibt und die Munition beim Ausschwenken des Ladegehäuses im Verhältnis zum Verschlusskasten aus der Wartestellung zurückziehen kann, wobei sich die Munition ferner auf Ihrem Rückweg auf einer fest mit dem Verschlusskasten verbundenen Bodenführung (40) abstützt.
15. Doppelladevorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 14, bei der jedes Ladegehäuse einen Zuführungskanal (42) für den von der Unterseite des Gehäuses eingezogenen Munitionsgurt und eine Gurtglied-Auswurföffnung (43) auf der Oberseite des Gehäuses aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gehäuse eine Gurtgliedführung (44) besitzt, die sich über die gesamte Länge des Kanals für Munitionszuführung (42) und Gurtglied-Auswurf (43) erstreckt, wobei die Gurtgliedführung (44) eine doppelte Nut (44, 46) aufweist, die mit einer doppelten Lasche (47, 48) jedes Gurtgliedes zusammenwirkt, um das Ausschieben der Munition bei deren Aufnahme durch das Ladesternrad des Gehäuses zu ermöglichen.
16. Doppelladevorrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 13 bis 15, bei der das Auswerfen der Hülse aus der Auswurfstellung in Richtung auf das Vorderteil der Waffe erfolgt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie eine sich im Verhältnis zur Achse des Zentralsternförderers (6) frei drehende und im Verhältnis zur Längsachse der Waffe symmetrisch angeordnete Auswurfführung (49) besitzt, deren Drehung durch die Verschwenkung der Ladegehäuse gesteuert wird, wobei die Führung (49) durch einen Anschlag (50) im Verhältnis zu einem feststehenden, mit dem Verschlusskasten verbundenen Träger (35) in jede ihrer Arbeitsstellungen gebracht wird, und dass die Auswurfführung kreisförmige Auflageflächen (51) für die Längsführung der Hülse bei ihrem Auswurf aufweist.
EP19840401070 1983-06-03 1984-05-24 Beidseitige Munitionszuführung für automatische Feuerwaffen Expired EP0129457B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8309220A FR2547042B1 (fr) 1983-06-03 1983-06-03 Double alimentation en munitions pour armes automatiques
FR8309220 1983-06-03

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EP0129457A1 EP0129457A1 (de) 1984-12-27
EP0129457B1 true EP0129457B1 (de) 1987-07-15

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3627360C1 (de) * 1986-08-16 1992-04-09 Rheinmetall Gmbh Doppel-Patronen-Wechsel-Zufuehrer fuer eine fremdangetriebene Maschinenwaffe
DE3727740A1 (de) * 1987-08-20 1989-03-02 Rheinmetall Gmbh Vorrichtung fuer einen nach vorn gerichteten huelsenauswurf aus einer fremdgetriebenen maschinenkanone
FR2721386B1 (fr) * 1994-06-16 1996-08-14 Giat Ind Sa Ensemble de transmission destiné à une arme automatique.
FR3052247B1 (fr) 2016-06-03 2019-08-02 Nexter Systems Tourelle canon comportant au moins un magasin a munition et caisse a munitions destinee a equiper un tel magasin
FR3058788B1 (fr) 2016-11-15 2018-11-02 Nexter Systems Dispositif d'alimentation en munitions en bandes pour une arme automatique du type a double alimentation
FR3076607B1 (fr) 2018-01-09 2019-11-22 Nexter Systems Dispositif deflecteur de maillons et tourelle equipee d'un tel dispositif deflecteur

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1537614A (fr) * 1966-09-29 1968-08-23 Brevents Aero Mecaniques S A Perfectionnements apportés aux armes à feu automatiques ou semi-automatiques à double alimentation
LU54210A1 (de) * 1967-07-31 1969-05-21
US4015511A (en) * 1974-08-19 1977-04-05 General Electric Company Feeder
FR2372410A1 (fr) * 1976-11-26 1978-06-23 France Etat Perfectionnements aux armes automatiques a moteur externe
DE3023957C2 (de) * 1980-06-26 1984-04-12 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Wechselgurtzuführer für eine selbsttätige Feuerwaffe, insbesondere Maschinenkanone
DE3211132C2 (de) * 1982-03-26 1986-01-09 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Schrittgesteuerter Doppel-Patronen-Wechselzuführer für eine Maschinenwaffe mit Geradzugverschluß

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EP0129457A1 (de) 1984-12-27
FR2547042B1 (fr) 1985-07-12
FR2547042A1 (fr) 1984-12-07

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