EP0126955B1 - Appareil de surveillance pour terrain en plein air - Google Patents

Appareil de surveillance pour terrain en plein air Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0126955B1
EP0126955B1 EP84104425A EP84104425A EP0126955B1 EP 0126955 B1 EP0126955 B1 EP 0126955B1 EP 84104425 A EP84104425 A EP 84104425A EP 84104425 A EP84104425 A EP 84104425A EP 0126955 B1 EP0126955 B1 EP 0126955B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
open
strip
surveillance apparatus
ground
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84104425A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0126955A1 (fr
Inventor
Reinhard Dipl.-Ing. Herrmann
Hans Dipl.-Ing. Kaiser
Hartmut Dipl.-Ing. Schulz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kraftwerk Union AG
Original Assignee
Kraftwerk Union AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kraftwerk Union AG filed Critical Kraftwerk Union AG
Publication of EP0126955A1 publication Critical patent/EP0126955A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0126955B1 publication Critical patent/EP0126955B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19602—Image analysis to detect motion of the intruder, e.g. by frame subtraction
    • G08B13/1961—Movement detection not involving frame subtraction, e.g. motion detection on the basis of luminance changes in the image
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19617—Surveillance camera constructional details
    • G08B13/19632—Camera support structures, e.g. attachment means, poles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G08B13/189—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems
    • G08B13/194—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems
    • G08B13/196—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength using passive radiation detection systems using image scanning and comparing systems using television cameras
    • G08B13/19639—Details of the system layout
    • G08B13/19641—Multiple cameras having overlapping views on a single scene

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an open-air surveillance system with a terrain strip to be monitored and with masts set up along the terrain strip for mounting lighting fixtures and television cameras, which are connected to an image evaluation device.
  • Outdoor areas with facilities to be protected are generally fenced and are checked from time to time.
  • it is known to illuminate a strip of land surrounding the open-air site to be monitored, generally the strip of land immediately adjacent to the fence, and to monitor it by means of television cameras installed on masts.
  • the television channels of the many television cameras must then be checked. This can lead to the fact that the crossing of the terrain strip to be monitored is overlooked because the surveillance personnel are watching another television monitor.
  • the continuous observation of a large number of television monitors with constantly similar image information is tiring and leads to poor concentration.
  • This image evaluation system detects deviations from recorded image contents compared to pre-stored image contents. In the event of deviations between the stored and the recorded image content, this image evaluation system is capable of automatically triggering a function.
  • DE-A-2 439 102 describes a method for storing images taken and digitized with a television camera, in which the coordinates of the brightness or color changes and the lengths measured in the direction of the television lines are stored until the next brightness or color change .
  • a method for storing images taken and digitized with a television camera in which the coordinates of the brightness or color changes and the lengths measured in the direction of the television lines are stored until the next brightness or color change .
  • only the relevant pixels in which brightness or color changes of the stored target image manifest themselves need to be compared with those of the actual image to be examined for image evaluation. Setpoint and actual value differences can then lead to an automatic signal triggering.
  • DE-A-2 949 580 discloses how images recorded by a television camera can be processed so that it can be examined in a simplified manner whether predetermined structures are contained in the recorded image. To do this, the image is divided into grid sections. In the individual raster sections, the individual signal jumps are counted and transferred to a signal jump memory, the cells of which are each assigned to a raster step. The pixels within the raster sections at which the signal jumps occur are determined by means of a pixel counter, which adds up pulses of constant clock frequency during the scanning of each raster section. Its status is transferred to a pixel memory when a signal jump occurs.
  • An evaluation device calls up the values contained in the signal jump memory in the order in which they were stored, adds up the received values and, if the received value lies in a range of values predetermined on the basis of the structure to be determined, the number formed by adding up the received values to the address input of the pixel memory and evaluates the contents of the pixel memory cells called up in this way.
  • a division of the video image of a terrain strip to be monitored into a number of cells approximately adapted to the size of a man is known from US Pat. No. 4,249,207. Changes in the values of the cells are detected. Changes in, for example, three neighboring cells in a certain direction then indicate a moving object. With such a system, the type of the moving object cannot be recognized. When used in the open air, for example, the moving shadow of a cloud would trigger a false alarm.
  • the object of the present invention is to point out a way in which processes relevant to the monitoring can be automatically detected and displayed in the terrain strip to be monitored.
  • irrelevant processes for monitoring such as the sudden covering of the sun by clouds, climatic changes, e.g. Snow or rain, as well as other natural events, such as falling leaves in autumn, are displayed or trigger a false alarm.
  • the terrain strip according to the invention therefore consists of at least three control strips aligned parallel to one another, each of which has a different gray value, and the lighting fixtures and television cameras assigned to the same area strip area are arranged several meters above the control strip.
  • crossing with a body of any gray value in at least one control strip leads to a change in the gray value.
  • this also creates the prerequisite for gray value changes that are caused by the climate or are generated by other natural events, to be distinguished from such gray value changes that arise when crossing the strip of land.
  • the detection sensitivity can be increased considerably if, in a particularly advantageous development of the invention, the lighting fixtures assigned to a certain terrain strip area on the one hand and the television cameras assigned to the same terrain strip area on the other hand form an opening angle of more than 10 ° with one another as seen from this terrain strip area.
  • the television cameras not only detect the gray value of the penetrating object that deviates from a control strip, but also the shadow of this object on the individual control strips in the dark.
  • the figure shows a section of an inventive, automatically monitored area strip surrounding an outdoor area to be protected.
  • an outdoor area 1 to be monitored can be seen on the left-hand side. This is delimited by a guarded area strip 2 fenced on both sides with respect to an unsecured area 3 located to the right of the area strip.
  • the area strip 2 surrounding the outdoor area to be monitored is secured on the side adjacent to the outdoor area with a wire fence 4 which is as tall as a man and secured against climbing.
  • the area strip 2 is only secured with a game protection fence 5.
  • masts 6, 7, 8 are set up which carry lighting fixtures 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and television cameras 15, 16, 17 aligned on the terrain strip 2.
  • the television cameras are aligned with a part of the terrain strip 2 located to the side of the respective mast.
  • Her cone forms an acute angle with the longitudinal axis of the strip of land. This allows a larger area to be monitored with fewer television cameras.
  • the two lighting elements of each mast illuminate the area of the strip of land located below and to the side of the mast.
  • the mutual distance between the individual masts is designed such that the areas 18, 19, 20 of the terrain strip 2 monitored by the individual television cameras 15, 16, 17 overlap over their entire width.
  • control strips 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 are applied to the strip of land, which extend parallel to one another along the strip of land 2.
  • the control strips are on both sides towards the respective fence 4, 5 of another narrow, with low planting, such as Grass covered strips of terrain 26, 27 edged.
  • the individual control strips 21 to 25 in the illustration of the figure are constructed from left to right as follows:
  • the first control strip 21 facing the fenced open area 1 is about 0.8 m wide and covered with river gravel.
  • a control strip 22, 0.6 m wide which is covered with quartz gravel.
  • another 1.0 m wide control strip 23 which in turn is covered with river gravel.
  • Two 0.3 m high walls 28, 29 are erected along the 0.45 m wide control strip 24 adjoining this.
  • the wildlife protection fence 5 on the outside of the terrain strip 2 and the higher wire fence 4 on the side of the terrain strip 2 facing the outdoor area 1 to be monitored prevents larger animals, such as deer, dogs and rabbits, from entering the terrain strip 2 to be monitored.
  • the control strips 21 to 25 are designed in such a way that there are significant gray value changes between adjacent control strips in any weather. In dry and even more in wet weather, the light quartz gravel with its gray value stands out strongly from the two neighboring dark river gravel strips. If there is a closed layer of snow in winter and covers the various gravel strips, the side flanks of the two walls 28, 29 remain free of snow. Even if there should be snow on its upper edge, this snow cap, from the viewing direction of the television recording cameras 15, 16, 17 from diagonally above, contrasts with the gray of the side flanks of these walls.
  • gray value in the covered area initially changes only in a certain direction. It becomes either lighter or darker without changing the gray value of the adjacent control strip which has not yet been entered.
  • the lighter control strip in the covered area generally becomes darker and the darker control strip in the covered area becomes lighter. This is always the case when the gray value of the covering object lies between the gray values of the two adjacent control strips. If the gray value of the covering object reaches the gray value of one of the two control strips, the gray value of the other control strip will nevertheless change compared to the unchanged gray value of the first control strip.
  • false alarms such as e.g.
  • gray value per grid is compared with the previously saved gray value of this grid.
  • Gray value changes i.e. Differences between the stored gray value signal and the new gray value signal are forwarded as a signal and compared with the change in gray value of the neighboring grid.
  • a circuit logic now ensures that only opposite gray value changes in adjacent grid fields lead to a trigger signal, while the signals in the same direction change gray value blocks each other. In this way, processes which result in a change in the same direction of the gray value of adjacent grid fields - which can be assigned to adjacent control strips - such as, for example, Changes in lighting can be suppressed.
  • False alarms such as those caused by very small objects, e.g. falling leaves or small animals such as Mice that can be triggered can be avoided if the image evaluation device sums up the trigger signals from several immediately adjacent raster fields resulting from gray value changes, insofar as a gray value change signal is generated in them, and routes the summed signal via a discriminator. If necessary, its threshold can be set so high that small covers, such as those caused by a mouse or a leaf, with their summed signal values are still below the threshold that is necessary for the actual signal triggering. Larger objects, such as a dog or a person, result in such a summation of the trigger signals that a signal is triggered.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
  • Emergency Alarm Devices (AREA)

Claims (23)

1. Installation de surveillance pour terrain en plein air comportant une bande de terrain (2) à contrôler et des pylônes (6, 7, 8) placés le long de la bande de terrain (2) et servant à porter des organes d'éclairage (9 à 14) et des caméras de télévision (15, 16, 17) qui sont raccordés à un dispositif d'évaluation d'images, caractérisée par le fait que la bande de terrain (2) est constituée par au moins trois bandes de contrôle parallèles (21 à 25), dont chacune possède une valeur gris différent et que les organes d'éclairage (9 à 14) et les caméras de télévision (15, 16, 17) qui sont associés à une même zone de la bande de terrain, sont supportés à plusieurs mètres de la bande de contrôle.
2. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air caractérisée par le fait que les organes d'éclairage (9 à 14), qui sont associés à une zone déterminée de la bande de terrain d'une part et les caméras de télévision (15, 16, 17) d'autre part forment entre eux, lorsque l'on regarde à partir de cette zone de la bande de terrain, un angle d'ouverture supérieur à 10°.
3. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 2, caractérisée par le fait que la projection de l'angle d'overture dans un plan parallèle à l'étendue de la bande de terrain (2) ne tombe pas au-dessous d'un angle de 5°.
4. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 1, caracterisée par le fait que les bandes de contrôle (21 à 25) sont parallèles à la bande de terrain (2).
5. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait qu'au moins une bande de contrôle (21, 22, 23, 25) est recouverte par des pierres sous la forme de cailloux.
6. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait qu'au moins une bande de contrôle (21, 23, 25) est recouverte par du gravier de rivière.
7. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait qu'au moins une bande de contrôle (22) est recouverte par du gravier de quartz.
8. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait qu'au moins une bande de contrôle (24) est bétonnée.
9. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait qu'au moins une bande de contrôle est cimentée.
10. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que des plaques verticales sont posées sur une face frontale le long d'une bande de contrôle.
11. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait qu'un petit mur (28, 29) est érigé le long d'une des bandes de contrôle (24).
12. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 11, caractérisé par le fait que le mur (28, 29) possède une hauteur d'au moins 10 cm.
13. Installation de contrôle pour terrain libre suivant la revendication 11, caractérisée par le fait que deux murs (28, 29) approximativement de même hauteur sont érigés parallèlement l'un à l'autre.
14. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 13, caractérisée par la fait que l'écartement réciproque entre les deux murs (28, 29) est inférieur à leur hauteur.
1 5. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que la bande de terrain (2) est protégée sur ses deux côtés par une clôture (3, 4).
16. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que les pylônes (6, 7, 8) sont disposés du côté de la bande de terrain (2), qui est tournée vers le terrain en plein air (1) devant être protégé.
17. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le dispositif d'évaluation d'images examine l'information d'image selon différentes zones de trame.
18. Installation de contrôle pour terrain à l'air libre suivant la revendication 1 ou 17, caractérisée par le fait que le dispositif d'évaluation d'images détecte des variations de l'échelonnement des valeurs de gris par rapport à une bande de contrôle voisine.
19. Installation de contrôle pour terrain à l'airlibre suivant la revendication 1 ou 17, caractérisée par le fait que le dispositif d'évaluation d'images établit une distinction entre des variations de même sens et des variations en sens opposé de la valeur de gris dans des bandes de contrôle voisines.
20. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air, suivant la revendication 17, caractérisée par le fait que le dispositif d'évaluation d'image additionne les signaux de zones de trames d'image déclenchant des signaux et est disposé côte-à-côte.
21. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait qu'une bande de contrôle peut être chauffée.
22. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 11, caractérisée par le fait que le mur (28, 29) peut être chauffé.
23. Installation de contrôle pour terrain en plein air suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée par le fait que la projection des axes du cône d'enregistrement des caméras de télévision sur les bandes de terrain fait un angle aigu avec les axes longitudinaux de ces bandes.
EP84104425A 1983-05-03 1984-04-18 Appareil de surveillance pour terrain en plein air Expired EP0126955B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3316122 1983-05-03
DE19833316122 DE3316122A1 (de) 1983-05-03 1983-05-03 Freigelaendeueberwachungsanlage

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0126955A1 EP0126955A1 (fr) 1984-12-05
EP0126955B1 true EP0126955B1 (fr) 1987-03-11

Family

ID=6198030

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84104425A Expired EP0126955B1 (fr) 1983-05-03 1984-04-18 Appareil de surveillance pour terrain en plein air

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EP (1) EP0126955B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3316122A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4033260C1 (en) * 1990-10-19 1992-01-09 Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gmbh, 8012 Ottobrunn, De Sensor video column for perimeter protection - houses water-sealed modules for IR transmitter receiver, sensors etc. screwed against sabotage and looking like ordinary post
EP0551175A1 (fr) * 1992-01-07 1993-07-14 Oxley Developments Company Limited Système de surveillance vidéo
DE19623524A1 (de) * 1996-06-13 1998-01-02 Pintsch Bamag Ag Einrichtung zur Gefahrenraumüberwachung an einem Bahnübergang
DE19744694B4 (de) * 1997-10-10 2013-01-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Videobewegungsmeldeeinrichtung
SE523456C2 (sv) * 2001-09-28 2004-04-20 Wespot Ab System, anordning och förfarande för inställning av en övervakningsenhet
US7302080B2 (en) 2001-09-28 2007-11-27 Secumanagement B.V. System for installation
DE10341426A1 (de) * 2003-09-09 2005-04-14 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Raumüberwachung und Raumüberwachungsanlage

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2439102A1 (de) * 1974-08-14 1976-02-26 Siemens Ag Verfahren zum darstellen von bildern in form von digitalen daten
DE2715083C3 (de) * 1977-04-04 1983-02-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart System zur Diskrimination eines Videosignals
CA1116286A (fr) * 1979-02-20 1982-01-12 Control Data Canada, Ltd. Systeme de surveillance anti-effraction en peripherie
DE2949580A1 (de) * 1979-12-10 1981-06-11 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Anordnung zum speichern von mit einer nach einem rasterverfahren arbeitenden aufnahmeeinrichtung aufgenommenen bildern

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3462636D1 (en) 1987-04-16
EP0126955A1 (fr) 1984-12-05
DE3316122A1 (de) 1984-11-08

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