EP0124391A1 - Joint forming grating of plastic material for use in floor construction elements - Google Patents

Abstract

The grating forms the joints between floor construction elements (12), such as mortar paving slabs poured in situ or prefabricated, briquettes, tiling, paving, or the like placed on the desolidifying layer (5) (especially sand) of a leaktight coating (4) of a load-bearing structure (1), such as a terrace, in order to form a covering for walking. It comprises hollow rules (9, 10) made from extruded plastic and having a cross-section with two perpendicular axes of symmetry (H, V), especially diamond-shaped, to avoid favouring one positioning direction, the intersection points of these rules being obtained by nesting the latter which have previously been notched at mid height. <IMAGE>

Description

The present invention relates to a grating forming the joints between paving elements.

More specifically, this grating is applicable to the constitution of a circulation coating on the decoupling layer in sand for example, of a waterproofing coating of a support structure such as a terrace.

Up to now, several techniques can be used to produce the traffic coating.

A first technique consists in pouring a screed in cement mortar on the decoupling layer, the extent of which is divided by fractioning joints. The disadvantage of this continuous screed is that it is not removable and that it is not possible to avoid demolition by breakage of the screed as a whole when a disaster related to a leak product and a verification of the waterproof coating is required.

A second technique consists in placing prefabricated slabs on the decoupling layer. The disadvantage of these slabs is that their handling is painful because of their weight and their bulk; in addition, multiple cutouts are required to cover any surface. Consequently, this circulation coating is not very economical.

A third technique consists of placing plastic molds forming lost formwork on the separation layer and filling these molds on site with cement mortar. The disadvantage of these molds is that they are expensive and weigh heavily on the cost of the circulation coating. But this technique has the advantage over the previous ones of allowing the disassembly of the slabs thus molded individually during a leakage search; moreover, the work is much less arduous and the adaptation to the shape of the surface to be covered is very easy.

The present invention aims to improve the third technique, by remedying its drawbacks, retaining its advantages and revealing others.

To this end, it suggests replacing the plastic molds with an original grating.

• - de constituer avec le caillebotis un coffrage latéral perdu.
• - de rendre possible le démontage d'une dallette en permettant très facilement le tronçonnage des côtés de la case correspondante du caillebotis.
• - de compenser le retrait du mortier après coulée des dallettes, lors de la prise.
• - de former des joints de dilatation intervenant de façon étanche aussi bien lorsque la température extérieure s'élève que lorsqu'elle s'abaisse.
• - de calfeutrer les joints entre dallettes en permettant ainsi, d'une part, de limiter, voire d'annihiler, la circulation de l'eau sur le revêtement. d'étanchéité, d'autre part, d'éviter le développement de végétation et de concrétions.

Its purpose is then:

• - to constitute with the grating a lost lateral formwork.
• - to make possible the dismantling of a slab by very easily allowing the cutting of the sides of the corresponding box of the grating.
• - to compensate for the removal of the mortar after pouring the slabs, when setting.
• - to form expansion joints which act tightly both when the outside temperature rises and when it drops.
• - to caulk the joints between slabs, thus making it possible, on the one hand, to limit, even to annihilate, the circulation of water on the coating. waterproofing, on the other hand, to avoid the development of vegetation and concretions.

It is interesting to note that this grating makes it possible to form the joints in all cases and it is therefore usable, with most of the above advantages, when the paving elements, instead of being mortar slabs poured in place, are prefabricated mortar slabs, briquettes, tiles, pavers or others.

To achieve this object and in accordance with the invention, the grating comprises hollow rules of extruded plastic material having a section with two perpendicular axes of symmetry, in particular in the shape of a diamond, to avoid favoring a direction of installation, the nodes of crossing of these rules being obtained by interlocking them previously notched at mid-height.

The rules protrude, preferably when the paving elements are in mortar poured on site, on each of their longitudinal faces, two anchoring ribs inclined towards the two edges on which the considered face ends.

In addition, the longitudinal walls of each rule are in the form of an almost flat dihedral and are connected by at least one internal stiffening partition.

When the grating is arranged in a space delimited by fractioning joints, these joints are constituted by tubular plastic profiles whose height is equal to that of the rules and consequently of paving elements, the longitudinal faces of these profiles being broken in the shape of re-entrant dihedrons.

Each longitudinal face of the profiles forming fractioning joints is connected to the edges by beaked edges allowing the anchoring in the mortar and the attachment of the lateral ribs of a possible contiguous rule.

The tubular profiles forming fractioning joints cooperate, in the corners, with studs whose sides of their square section have a width equal to the thickness (E) of these profiles and whose height is equal to that of the latter.

Each stud is made integral, by a sole in particular, with four screeds shaped for the interlocking of the tubular profiles forming fractioning joints.

Various other characteristics and advantages of the invention will also emerge from the detailed description which follows.

An embodiment of the object of the invention is shown, by way of nonlimiting example, in the accompanying drawing.

• - la figure 1 est une perspective en partie arrachée montrant le caillebotis, selon l'invention, posé sur une terrasse avant coulée du mortier.
• - la figure 2 est une perspective en . vue synoptique illustrant un noeud du caillebotis désigné par un rond sur la figure 1, ainsi que les deux règles qui se recoupent selon ce noeud.
• - la figure 3 est une perspective partielle d'un profilé formant joint de fractionnement de l'aire sur laquelle le caillebotis doit être posé.
• - la figure 4 est une perspective de l'un des plots définissant un noeud de fractionnement.

On this drawing :

• - Figure 1 is a partially broken away perspective showing the grating, according to the invention, placed on a terrace before pouring the mortar.
• - Figure 2 is a perspective. synoptic view illustrating a node of the grating designated by a circle on figure 1, as well as the two rules which overlap according to this node.
• - Figure 3 is a partial perspective of a profile forming a fractionation joint of the area on which the grating must be placed.
• - Figure 4 is a perspective of one of the studs defining a splitting node.

As shown in FIG. 1, 1 designates a reinforced concrete terrace slab, 2 a low wall surrounding this terrace and 3 a rim with a drop of water protruding inside the low wall.

The slab 1 and the wall 2 are covered by a sealing coating 4. on which is deposited a layer of decoupling 5, made of sand for example.

According to the invention, it is a question of constituting a paving on the layer 5 and, for this purpose, the surface to be protected is divided by fractioning joints 6 into several base surfaces 7 (square or rectangular) in each of which are arranged gratings 8. These are constituted by rules 9, 10 identical to each other and crossing at a right angle in order to delimit elementary square spaces 11 having the volume of a slab. Cement mortar is then poured into these spaces in order to form, after setting, slabs 12 perfectly attached to the rules 9, 10 and to the fractioning joints 6.

As shown in Figure 2, each rule 9, 10 of a grating 8 is constituted by a hollow tubular profile in extruded plastic. Its section is symmetrical along two perpendicular axes of symmetry V and H; in the example shown, this section has the shape of a diamond; as soon as this condition is fulfilled, no precaution should be taken to machine and set a rule, because no differentiation appears between the top and the bottom, between the left side and the right side; it follows that the notching described in the following to be able to cross the rules (Figure 2) can be performed from any edge 13, 14 of a rule and that to carry out interlocking, it suffices simply to present the rules 9 with their notches 15 open at the bottom and the rules 10, absolutely identical to the previous ones, with their notches -16 open at the top.

Thus, in this example, each rule 9, 10 comprises two edges 13, 14 whose width "e" corresponds to that of the joint to be formed between the slabs 12, and two longitudinal walls 17, 18 shaped as relatively flat dihedrons projecting outwards, the height "h" of this rule being equal to the thickness of the slabs 12. The tubular profile constituting these rules being hollow, it is deformable in a relatively elastic manner, which allows it to compensate for the shrinkage of the mortar when it is taken after pouring the slabs, which also allows it to constitute an effective expansion joint intervening in a leaktight manner both during a rise and a lowering of the ambient temperature.

Of course, the rules should not be too flexible; on the contrary, they must have a certain stiffness, a certain spring. To this end, the longitudinal walls 17, 18 are connected, in the example chosen, by two small internal partitions 19, 20 coming from extrusion.

Furthermore, the rules must be well anchored in the mortar to perfectly follow the aforementioned dimensional variations, which are very small, moreover, of the slabs. Consequently, the longitudinal walls 17, 18 of each rule have protruding ribs 21 and 22, 23 and 24 inclined outward and the two edges 19 and 20 respectively.

As regards the crossing of the rules, the notches 15, 16 are absolutely identical and machined at mid-height "h / 2" over a width corresponding substantially to the average thickness of the rules. Given the aforementioned symmetry that this tapping also respects, all the rules can be tapped at the same time without any respect for the direction of presentation; to make a crossing node, it suffices, as shown in Figure 2, to present the rules 10 with their notches 16 open at the top and perpendicular to the rules 9 with their notches 15 open at the bottom, putting these notches 15 and 16 facing each other, then bringing said rules together to fit into said entaitles, the solid parts 25 and 26 that these let exist.

The aforementioned fractionation joints 6 are also constituted by tubular profiles made of extruded plastic, the height h of which is equal to that of the rules 9, 10 and therefore the thickness of the slabs 12. These tubular joints 6 have edges 27, 28 and longitudinal walls 29, 30 which are shaped as relatively flat dihedrons, returning inside said joints. The edges 27, 28 are connected to the walls 29, 30 by beaked edges 31 provided to ensure, in cooperation with the re-entrant conformation of said walls, effective anchoring in the mortar of the slabs; in addition, these edges are positioned so that the ribs 21 to 24 of the rules 9, 10 can hang there when it is necessary, due to the shape and the particular dimensions of the terrace, to place side by side a split joint and a ruler.

Of course, such a seal 6 is also symmetrical along two perpendicular axes H and V.

The crossing of the fractioning joints 6 is carried out differently from that of the rules 9, 10. Each joint crossing node 6 delimiting the base surfaces 7 makes use of a stud 32 illustrated in FIG. 4. This stud has a square section the sides of which have a width "1" equal to the thickness "E" of the joints so that the faces of the studs rigorously extend those of said joints further, the height h of this stud is equal to that of these joints, so that the top of the studs is flush with the visible face of the paving.

To place the studs 32 in the corners of the base surfaces 7, then the seals 6 at the limit thereof, special means appearing in FIG. 4 are used. Each stud 32 is made integral, by a sole 33 for example, of four orthogonal yokes 34 to 37 extending to limited height and intended to receive, for centering, the ends of the fractionation joints 6 which terminate there.

When it comes to dismantling a slab 12, it suffices to cut, at the limit of the latter, with a chainsaw wheel, a groove along the corresponding rules to separate the upper anchoring ribs from the latter, then extract with a crowbar, either directly the slab considered, or the pieces of contiguous rules then the slab.

Claims (7)

1.- Grating (8) forming the joints between paving elements (12) such as mortar slabs cast on site or prefabricated, briquettes, tiles, pavers or the like, placed on the decoupling layer (5) (in sand in particular) of a sealing coating (4) of a supporting structure (1) such as a terrace, in order to constitute a circulation coating, characterized in that it includes hollow rules (10, 11), in extruded plastic material having a section with two perpendicular axes of symmetry (H, V), in particular in the form of a diamond, to avoid favoring a laying direction, the crossing nodes of these rules being obtained by interlocking these previously notched at mid-height (15, 16, 25, 26). 2. Grating according to claim 1, preferably applicable to paving elements (12) in mortar poured on site, characterized in that the rules (10, 11) have protruding, on each of their longitudinal faces (17, 18 ), two anchoring ribs (20 to 24) inclined towards the two edges (13, 14) on which the face considered ends. 3. Grating according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the longitudinal walls (17, 18) of each rule (9, 10) are in the form of an almost flat dihedral and are connected by at least one internal stiffening partition ( 19, 20). 4. Grating according to claim 1, arranged in the space (7) delimited by fractioning joints (6), characterized in that these joints (6) are constituted by tubular plastic profiles whose height (h ) is equal to that of the rules (10, 11) and therefore of the paving elements (12), the longitudinal faces (29, 30) of these sections being broken in the form of re-entrant dihedrons. 5. Grating according to claims 4 and 2, characterized in that each longitudinal face (29, 30) of profiles forming fractioning joints (6) is connected to the edges (27, 28) by beaked edges (31) allowing the anchoring in the mortar and the attachment of the lateral ribs of a possible contiguous rule. 6. Grating according to claim 4, characterized in that the tubular profiles forming fractioning joints (6) cooperate, in the corners, with studs (32) whose sides of their square section have a width (I) equal to the thickness (E) of these sections and the height (h) of which is equal to that of the latter. 7. Grating according to claim 6, characterized in that each stud (32) is made integral, by a sole (33) in particular, with four yokes (34 to 37) shaped for the interlocking of the tubular profiles forming fractioning joints (6).

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