FR2505906A1 - Reinforced concrete foundations suspended over thermal insulation - made by casting onto intermediate water-impermeable film - Google Patents

Abstract

Insulated foundations are made by supporting panels of insulating material pref. low density expanded polystyrene, at intervals on bars of similar material laid on compacted or prepared ground, overlaying the supported panels and lining the channels between adjacent panels with continuous impermeable film, and casting reinforced concrete over and between the supported panels. The film isolates the concrete from the ground. Pref. the film is (polyethylene). For mfr. of insulated foundations with little more effect and cost than that of uninsulated foundations, with the added advantage that the suspended reinforced concrete raft is relatively insensitive to local ground contractions or subsidence. The insulation material needs only sufficient strength to support the concrete during casting, the raft subsequently being supported by the integral reinforced beams between the supported insulation panels. Pref. the insulation bars and panels are fixed together by ribbed dowels and similar dowels anchor the insulation to the underside of the cast reinforced concrete.

Description

 The present invention relates to a heat-insulating floor, of the type comprising a concrete slab on the median.

 It is known that floors on planks, that is to say floors in lightly reinforced concrete poured on the ground as formwork, subsequently suffer from disorders by compaction of the earth.

 On the other hand, new insulation standards require the introduction of insulation between earth and concrete.

 Under these conditions, builders are forced to turn to reinforced concrete floors on crawlspace, and the realization of these floors is almost as expensive as if they were executed on the basement.

 On the other hand, it is known to produce floors by means of slabs placed on the ground as formwork. It is also known that these slabs can be made of polystyrene, dense enough for the solidity of the floor. We also manufacture floors made by pouring a sufficiently reinforced solid slab, which becomes self-supporting. But this type of floor is very expensive because of the quantity of concrete and steel required.

 The object of the invention is to remedy these various drawbacks by proposing an insulating floor which meets the new insulation standards and which does not give rise to the desording of pre-cultivation of soil compaction.

 In accordance with the invention, the floor comprises large insulating evenings arranged at regular intervals on the ground, and a film covers the segments and follows their contours by extending on the ground in the intervals between the segments so as to isolate dc the earth the slab, this film being fixed on the insulating plates co; establishing the segments and making it possible to walk on the latter without breaking them down, the reinforced concrete slab being poured on the segments and between them on the film, and the intervals between you evenings being thus filled by concrete beams insulated from the ground.

 The segments are preferably made of polystyrene, the plates of these evenings can be commercial plates of the lightest quality, therefore the least expensive, which are fixed on polystyrene strips for example by means of pins. Furthermore, the film can be made, for example, of polyane which is stretched over the plates of the segments, and which has peripheral skirts conforming to the circumference of the segments by covering the ground between them, so as to isolate from the earth the concrete beams subsequently poured between the insulating segments.

 According to another particular feature, the invention provides that each segment plate is provided with means of attachment to the concrete slab, for example studs or anchors fixed in the central zone of the plate and embedded in the concrete during pouring. of it.

 When the earth is packed, these hanging devices allow the middle of your evenings to remain attached to the concrete.

 Other features and advantages of the invention will become apparent during the description which follows, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which a non-limiting embodiment of the floor according to the invention has been shown.

 - Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of an embodiment of the insulating floor according to the invention.

 - Figure 2 is a top plan view of the floor of Figure 1.

 - Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of the edge of the floor of Figure i-.

 - Figure 4 is a perspective view of an insulating segment constituting the floor according to the invention, shown upside down.

 - Figure 5 is a partial elevational view of a segment provided with a pin for hooking to concrete.

 - Figure 6 is a partial perspective view of a segment provided with hooking pins.

 - Figure 7 is a partial sectional view of a segment equipped with pins for fixing the plate to its support strip.

the insulating floor shown in Figures 1 to 7 is arranged on a median 1 and includes the following elements
a) a set of insulating segments 2 arranged at regular intervals on the ground 1, these segments being made up of large preferably rectangular plates and aligned in rows as shown in FIG. 2
b) a plastic film 3 covering the segments 2 and conforming to their contours, extending over the ground 1 in the intervals between the segments 2, so as to isolate the concrete from the slab from the ground 1.

 the film 3, stretched and fixed on the segments 2, makes it possible to walk on these without breaking them down.

 c) a reinforced concrete slab 4 poured on the segments 2 and between them, on the film 3, the intervals between the two evenings 2 being thus filled by beams 5 of concrete insulated from the ground by the edges of the film 3 .

 As can be seen in FIG. 1, the plastic film 3 is dimensioned with respect to the segments 2 so as to present peripheral skirts 3a which come to fold over the periphery of each segment 2 by marrying the latter, and being of length sufficient to cover the earth 1 between two segments 2.

 the segments 2 are each formed of a series of strips 6 placed parallel to each other and on which plates 7 are fixed, for example by means of notched pins (FIG. 7).

 In addition, each plate 7 is provided with means for hooking to the concrete slab 4, for example pins or anchors 9 (Figures 5 and 6), fixed to the plate 7 and embedded in the concrete of the slab 4 during pouring it on the segment 2.

 On the periphery of the floor, the slab 4 rests on a base 11 itself supported by concrete foundations 12, in a known manner, and is surrounded above ground level by a belt 13 of agglomerates with the interposition of a insulating tape 14.

 the strips 6 and the plates 7 are preferably made of polystyrene, the plates 7 being commercial plates of the lightest quality, cut to the desired width at the ends of the floor (plates 2a visible in FIG. 2).

 the plastic film 3 is preferably polyane, which acts as a vapor barrier and which, stretched over the slabs 7 of polystyrene, allows them to walk on them without knocking them over.

 The establishment of the planeher which has just been described is easily understood. First of all, in the workshop, the plates 7 are fixed, made of the lightest and therefore least expensive polystyrene, coated with the film 3 on the polystyrene strips 6 by means of the pins 8. These at the same time ensure the fixing to the plates 7 of the corresponding polyane films 3, which are dimensioned so as to present the peripheral skirts 3a which closely follow the edges of the segments 2. Preferably, the outer bands 6a are positioned recessed relative to the edges of the plate 7, so that the latter rests on the concrete beams 5, when the latter is poured.

 the polyane skirts 3a prevent contact of the concrete of the beams 5 with the earth 1.

 In the example of the embodiment in FIG. 2, the floor thus comprises two rows of segments (2, 2a) separated by a central cross beam 15 and by all of the transverse beams 5.

 The load is thus thus distributed at the time of pouring, this floor can be executed on loose or slightly stirred earth. Preferably, concrete slabs having the length of the beams 5 are formed.

If necessary, the strips 6 are crossed in length, which allows the plates to be lengthened and the losses used.

the advantages of the floor according to the invention are as follows
One can use plates 7 of commercial polystyrene, of the lightest quality as well as light polyane, the plates being cut at the end of the floor to the desired width, and if necessary lengthened as explained above by crossing support strips 6 and use of plate losses.

 The floor thus produced has perfect insulation, and its installation is rapid. the cost of making this planher-is roughly equivalent to that of a conventional plank floor without insulation. But it does not have the serious drawbacks caused by the settlement of the earth mentioned above. When the earth settles, the spikes 9 notched in the form of harpoons, fixed in the central area of the plates 7, keep the latter secured to the concrete slab 4.

 the pins 8, 9 can for example be made of plastic, the pins 8 ensuring the assembly of the plates 7 to the strips 6 and to the plastic film 3.

 The invention is not limited to the embodiment described above and may include variant embodiments. Thus, one can provide under the beams 5 channels dug in the earth, which are filled with additional insulating strips of polystyrene, which increases the insulation of the floor. The same is done for the central beam 15 of splitting, so that the concrete slab is separated from the ground by a polyane film and by the aforementioned insulating strips. This therefore removes any thermal bridge.

Claims (4)

 1 - Heat-insulating insulating floor, comprising a concrete slab on the median, characterized in that it comprises in combination of large insulating segments (2) arranged at regular intervals on the ground (1), and a plastic film (3) which covers the segments (2) and follows their contours by extending over the ground in the intervals between the segments (2) so as to isolate from the ground (1) the slab (4), this plastic film (3) being fixed on the insulating plates constituting the segments and making it possible to walk on the latter without knocking them down, the slab (4) of reinforced concrete being poured on the evenings (2) and between these on the film (3), and the intervals between the segments (2) being thus filled by aes-beams (5) of concrete isolated from the ground (1).  2 - Floor according to claim 1, characterized in that each insulating segment (2) is formed of a series of strips (6, 6a) laid parallel to each other on the ground or crossed, and on which are fixed plates (7 ), for example by pins (8), and each plate (7) is provided with means for hooking to the concrete slab, for example notched pins or anchors (9) fixed to the plate (7) and embedded in the concrete when it is poured on the segment (2).  3 - Floor according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it comprises, under the beams (5) of concrete and the insulating coating (3), additional insulating strips housed in channels dug in the ground ( 1).  4 - Floor according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the segments (2) are made of polystyrene and the film (3) is a polyane film.